英语常见字母组合发音规律

英语常见字母组合发⾳规律
国际⾳标常见字母(组合)发⾳规律
⼀、单元⾳(12个) :
1、/ i:/
（1）字母e在开⾳节中:be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve
（2）字母i的特殊发⾳:police, machine
（3）字母组合ee :sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see,tree, three
（4）字母组合ea:please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach,least, tea, seat, read
（5）字母组ie :field, believe, thief, piece
（6）字母组ei : receive
（7）字母组ey: key
（8）字母组合e-e:Pete, mete, these, Chinese
2、/ ? /
(1)字母a在弱读中:village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage
(2)字母e在弱读中: ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay,forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,
(3)字母i在闭⾳节中:bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village, picnic, pumpkin,tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this
(4)字母i的特殊发⾳:practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发⾳为/ ? /
(5)字母i在“ve”前:live, give
(6)字母u的特殊发⾳:busy, business
(7)字母组合ai 弱读:mountain, captain
(8)字母组合ie: cookie
(9)字母组合ay 弱读:Sunday, Monday
(10)字母组合ey :monkey, money
(11)字母y 弱读:sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty
3、/ e /
(1)字母a的特殊发⾳:many, any
(2)字母e在闭⾳节中“e”发短⾳:bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect
(3)字母组合ea :bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather
4、/ ? /
(1)字母a在闭⾳节中:that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap,back
(2)字母a在“ve”前:have
5、/ ?:/
(1)字母组合or 在字母“w”后:work, word, world, worse, worth, worker
(2)字母组合er在重读⾳节中:her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous
(3)字母组合ir:girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt
(4)字母组合ur:turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday
(5)字母组合ear:heard, earth, early, year, learn, search
6、/ ? /
（1）字母a在弱读:banana, England, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably,
human, island, machine, comfortable
（2）字母e在弱读中:broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel
（3）字母o在弱读中:conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute
（4）字母u弱读中:unless, suppose, success
（5）字母组合ou:famous, nervous
（6）字母组合or在弱读中:forget
（7）字母组合er做后缀时:under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper
（8）字母组合er在弱读中:concert, western, desert, shepherd
7、/ɑ:/
（1）字母a在字母“n”前:dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana （2）字母a在字母“s”“ss”前:ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball （3）字母a在“th”前:father, rather, path
（4）字母组合ar:hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn, chart, cart, hard, garden,park
（5）字母组合al特殊发⾳: half
（6）字母组合au特殊发⾳:laugh
（7）字母组合are:are
（8）字母组合ear:heart
8、/ ? /
（1）字母o在“m, n, th”前:come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/
（2）字母o特殊发⾳:does, love, among, colour, discover
（3）字母u在闭⾳节中:must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor, fun,butter, club, cup, much
（4）字母组合ou / ? /:trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage, tough
（5）字母组合oo / ? / 特殊发:blood, flood
9、/?:/
（1）字母组合ough /?:/:bought, thought
（2）字母组合or 的⼀般发⾳:for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,horse, forty, morning
（3）字母组合ar /?:/ 在字母“w”或⾳标/w/后:war, quarter, towards
（4）字母组合al /?:/ ⼀般发⾳: wall, tall, ball, fall, hall
【注:字母组合al /?:l/特殊发⾳also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】（5）字母组合oor /?:/:floor, door
（6）字母组合ore /?:/:before, more, score
（7）字母组合our /?:/:four, yours, course, fourth
（8）字母组合au /?:/:August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught
（9）字母组合aw /?:/:draw, law
10、/ ? /
（1）字母a在“w”前“wh”后:what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但:water 发⾳为/?:/ （2）字母o在闭⾳节中:John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across, possible,cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long
（3）字母组合au / ? / 特殊发⾳:because
11、/ u:/
（1）字母o在“wh”后:who, whose, whom
（2）字母o的特殊发⾳:move, do, two, improve, lose
（3）字母u在“l”前后:blue, ruler, flu, rule
（4）字母u的特殊发⾳:June, truth, pollute, true
（5）字母组合ou:group, soup, through
（6）字母组合oo 的⼀般发⾳:afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too （7）字母组合oo的特殊发⾳:food, seafood
（8）字母组合ew的特殊发⾳:drew
12、/ ? /
（1）字母u的特殊发⾳:put, push, sugar, full, pull
（2）字母组合oo，⼀般在字母“k, d, t”前:book, look, good, foot, cook, wood （3）字母组合oo / ? / 弱读中:classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie
⼆、双元⾳(8个) :
1、/e?/
(1)字母a在开⾳节中“a”发字母本:name, page, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate (以及单词:paper, baby, table, radio)
(2)字母组合ea /e?/:great, break
(3)字母组合ai⼀般情况下:train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail
(4)字母组合ei /e?/: eight, eighth
(5)字母组合ay /e?/ 在重读中:day, today, display, may, play, away
(6)字母组合ey /e?/:they
2、/a?/
(1)字母i在开⾳节中:quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time(以及单词:driver, Friday)
(2)字母i在“nd”前:kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese,
(3)字母组合ie /a?/:die, lie
(4)字母组合ei /a?/ :neither, either
(5)字母组合i(gh) /a?/: high, light, right, night, bright
(6)字母y在重读⾳节中:my, why, sky, by, fly
3、/??/
(1)字母组合oi:noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil
(2)字母组合oy:boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal
4、/??/
(1)字母“o”在开⾳节中:hope, nose, ago, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,go, no, so, over
(2)字母o在字母“ld”前。

cold, old, hold, soldier
(3)字母o在“st”前。

most, post, almost, most
(4)字母组合oa:boat, goat, goal, coat, Joan但abroad发⾳为/?:/
(5)字母组合ow:window, yellow, low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow
5、/a?/
(1)字母组合ow:how, cow, down, crowd, downstairs, shower, allow, now
(2)字母组合ou:house, trousers, found, ground, loud, mouth, mount, without, proud, mouth,round, about
【注:字母组合our 发/a?? /:our, ours, hour】
6、/??/
(1)字母组合ea:idea, real, really, theatre, realize
(2)字母组合ere:here
(3)字母组合eer:ioneer, deer, beer, jeer
(4)字母组合ear的⼀般发:near, hear, dear, appear, disappear, fear
7、/e?/
(1)字母组合are:careful, carefully, hare, care, dare, mare
(2)字母组合air:hair, chair, downstairs, air, pair
(3)字母组合eir:their, theirs
(4)字母组合ere:there, where
(5)字母组合ear:bear, dear, pear, tear
8、/??/
(1)字母组合ua:February, January, usually
(2)字母组合ure:sure
三、清辅⾳:(11个)
1、/ p / 字母p:map, pupil, paper, people
2、/ t / 字母t:ten, too, coat, what
3、/ k /
(1)字母c在词前:cap, cook, clock, come, cold, close
(2)字母组合ck:cock, Jack, chick, chicken, duck, black, ticket
(3)字母组合ch的特殊发⾳:school, chemical, chemistry
(4)字母k:Kate, look, book, like
4、/ f / 字母f 的⼀般发⾳。

life, for, five, four, fifty, first, knife
5、/ θ / 字母组合th 【⼀般在名词、数词、形容词、动词中发⾳】:maths, three, thin, think,third, thank, Thursday
6、/ s /
(1)字母s的⼀般发⾳:bus, glass, class, sister, sit, horse, house
(2)字母c:city, certainly, rice, piece
(3)字母c在字母i, e, y前:pencil, nice
7、/ ? /
(1)字母组合ch的特殊发⾳:Machine
(2)字母组合sh的⼀般发⾳:wash, she, fish, ship, sheep, finish
8、/ t? / 字母组合ch的⼀般发⾳:chair, teacher, China, chick, such
9、/ tr / 字母组合tr: tree, street, tractor, try, trip, train
10、/ ts / 字母组合ts: boats, coats, minutes, plants, let’s, What’s, coats, seats
11、/ h /
(1)字母组合wh在字母o前:who, whose, whom
(2)字母h:he, here, hers, hello
四、浊辅⾳:(17个)
1、/ b / 字母b:bag, bad, bat, band, bye, blind
2、/ d / 字母d:dog, desk, under, and
3、/ g / 字母g(g):good, girl, big, egg, god
4、/ v /
(1)字母f: of,
(2)字母v:very, visit, five, seven
5、/ e / 字母组合th 【⼀般在代词、冠词、副词中的发⾳】:this, these, that, those, the, then,there, their, brother
6、/ z /
(1)字母s:rose, close, as, his, is, busy, has, nose, whose, please
(2)字母z:zoo, zone, zero, size
7、/ ? / 字母s:usually, pleasure, treasure, measure, vision, television
8、/d?/
(1)字母g在e前(字母组合g(e))⼀般的发⾳:orange, page, large, vegetable, change,village, passage,
(2)字母j在词前:jeep, John, Joan, Jack, job, juice, just
9、/dr/ 字母组合dr:drive, driven, hundred, dress, driver, drink
10、/dz/ 字母组合ds:birds, beds, grades, needs, hands, heads, goods
11、/ r / 字母r:red, room, read, brown
12、/ m / 字母m:man, milk, home, from
13、/ n / 字母n在词前:nice, nine, noon, nose, name
14、/ ? /
(1)字母n在k前发⾳:ink, thank, think, drink, sink
(2)字母组合ng的⼀般发⾳:long, young, singer, sing, wrong, morning,
【注:ng / ? g /特殊发⾳:English, language, penguin】
15、/ ? /
(1)字母l:like, love, left, lesson
(2)字母组合ll:ball, tall, wall, small
16、/ w/
(1)wh的⼀般发⾳:what, when, where, white, everywhere, which, why
(2)字母w:wear, well, window, Wednesday
17、/ j / 字母y在词前:yes, yellow, yet, you, your
五、其他
1、/ ju: /
(1)字母u在⾳节中:use, duty, excuse, Tuesday, usually, huge, future, menu
(2)字母组合ew / ju: /:new, renew, few, knew
2、字母组合ex的⼀般发⾳/ ?k s /:excuse, expect, exchange, explain, expensive, explore ex / ? k / except
ex / e k s / exercise, exit, explanation, export, expert, exhibition
ex / ? g z / example, exam, examination
3、字母x的⼀般发⾳:/k s/ box, next x / gz / example, exam。