2020-2021高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)

2020-2021高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．任务型阅读
Just as team members today have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles. By knowing how other members of your learn and organization think---and by others knowing how you think—everyone can be more productive. So how should you evaluate how you and your team think? After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results.
Focus. Do you tend to pay the most attention to ideas, process, action, or relationships? For example, in the morning do you think about the problems you need to solve, the plans you need to make, the actions you need to take, or the people you need to see? This isn't about picking one to the exclusion(排除)of the other. It's about where your focus naturally lands.
Orientation(方向). A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings. Are you more likely to complain about getting dragged into the weeds or about things being too general and not specific enough? These dimensions are complementary(补充的)to personality, skills, and traditional roles.
Combination. By combing these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. When you know your thinking style, you know what naturally energizes you, why certain type of problems are challenging or boring, and what you can do to improve in areas that are important to reaching your goals. Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you. In this way, your thinking style becomes a useful tool---a kind of social currency---for the team. Imaging you put together a team to work on a new initiative(行动). Wouldn't you like to know who is energized by big-picture strategy discussions and who finds them frustrating? Who likes to work on the details of the execution? And who is energized by managing the team dynamics?
The landscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate. We all want to work better together, the challenge is actually making it happen. Understanding collaboration(合作)through the way of thinking rather than doing is a practical and powerful step forward.
【答案】equally；improve/increase；evaluating；thinking；choice；whether；combine；contributes/leads；Conclusion；how
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，正如今天的团队成员分配的角色一样，也应该有思考的角色，两者同样重要。

团队成员彼此了解，会产生更大的效果。

文章主要是介绍了评价思维方式的三个步骤。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Just as team members t oday have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles.”可知，指派的角色和思考角色两者之间同样重要。

可知答案为equally。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“By knowing how other members of your team and organization think – and by others knowing how you think – everyone can be more produc tive.”可知，团队成员彼此了解会提高生产力。

可知答案为improve/increase。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results. ”评价思维方式的三个步骤。

答案为evaluating。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“A good way to identify your or ientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings.”可知，第一步是确定你在某一特定环境下的思维焦点。

可知答案为thinking。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“It's about where your focus naturally lands. ”它是关于你的焦点自然降落的地方。

答案为choice。

（6）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings.”可知，下一步是确定你的方向是否向大方向移动。

可知答案为whether。

（7）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“By combining these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. ”第三步是将这二维空间结合起来，看看你的想法。

答案为combine。

（8）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you.”可知，它导致了其他团队成员对思维方式的理解。

故答案为contributes/leads。

（9）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“The leadscape of business is changing rapidly, and
we have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate.”可知此处是得出的结论。

答案为Conclusion。

（10）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“The leadscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate.”在这快速改变的世界，理解别人的想法而不是他们所做的可以帮助你更好地工作。

根据句意可知答案为how。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

2．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some Steps for Breaking Through Your Comfort Zone
A comfort zone is a self--imposed boundary where a person will refuse to push past. Doing so usually fills him or her with nervousness and anxiety. So let's talk about breaking out of this comfort zone.
Get information. To break through your comfort zone you need to first educate yourself. Your goal here is to find out about whatever skill you're pursuing. You'll talk to people who have done the same thing.________ And you'll check out articles on the Internet about this subject.
Have a plan. After educating yourself it's important to create a plan of action. With this step you're going to write down a step -by- step blueprint for how you're going to break through your comfort zone.________ Then you create a plan to get to each level. In this plan you need to create benchmarks. These are mini -goals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.
________ This is an important step because the people in your life will keep you on track. You want them to give you that "push" as you're pushing your boundaries. They will make it hard for you to quit because you know you'll look foolish if you did.
Remain positive. There will be times when you experience a negative outcome, something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared. The trick is to not let anything prevent you from blasting past the point of comfort. Recognize that you will have negative outcomes.________
Keep expanding your comfort zone________ Find stuff that you never imagined you would do.
Like teaching a class on the subject that once filled you with fear. Or you could work on a related skill.
A. Look for new challenges.
B. You can't become an overnight success.
C. Have people around you know of your plan.
D. You start with the easiest thing to do.
E. It's a natural part of the process.
F. You won't have time to think about your fear.
G. You'll read books on the subject.
【答案】G；D；C；E；A
【解析】【分析】介绍怎样突破突破你舒适区的一些步骤舒。

A. Look for new challenges.寻找新的挑战。

B. You can't become an overnight success.你不可能一夜成名。

C. Have people around you know of your plan.让你周围的人知道你的计划。

D. You start with the easiest thing to do.从最简单的事情开始。

E. It's a natural part of the process.这是过程中很自然的一部分。

F. You won't have time to think about your fear.你将没有时间去思考你的恐惧。

G. You'll read books on the subject.你会读关于这个主题的一些书籍
（1）由第一段最后句子，你会在网上查看有关这个主题的文章。

前句应该是与选项G相一致，你要看这个主题的书籍。

故选G。

（2）结合本段的小标题"Have a plan."和空格后面的"Then you create a plan to get to each level."前提是从最简单的事情开始。

可知选D。

（3）结合前段的在这个计划中，你需要创建基准。

这些是能让你更接近超越舒适区的小目标。

,本段是讲让他人了解你的计划,以便随时帮助你,推动你成功,因此选C。

（4）根据空格前面的"Recognize that you will have negative outcomes."认识到你会有消极的结果。

"可知,这是这个过程一个正常的部分。

故选E。

（5）根据本段标题"Keep expanding your comfort zone."和后面一句"Find stuff that you would never imagined you would do."可知,空处应填"寻找新的挑战"。

故选A。

【点评】七选五的答案选项较少并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或句子但后面的标点符号来判断该句在我在中的位置。

另外通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达不同意思的句子，就可以直接将该选项排除。

3．任务型阅读How to Overcome Depression
Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month. Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily existence. To overcome your depression, you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.________While medications can help relieve symptoms, it is still important for depressed persons to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.
Keep yourself busy. Fill your schedule with events and activities you love. Keeping a busy
schedule will force you to stay active, focused, and thinking about the next thing on your plate. You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week, or simply plan out each day the night before.________
Improve your diet________Even if you're losing your appetite, you need to be determined to eat three meals a day. You don't need to try to lose weight or be incredibly healthy-conscious when you're dealing with your depression, but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.
Think positively. Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair. To think more positively, you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can. For a jump start, find at least five things to be grateful for________
________ Neglecting personal hygiene (卫生) is a common side effect of depression. While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks, if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day, you will feel better about yourself. Shower daily, brush your teeth and wash your hair.
A. Control your emotions.
B. Improve your appearance.
C Most importantly be happy about every single day.
D. Whichever method you choose, make a goal of sticking to it.
E. However, not everyone knows depression has a positive side.
F. Eating a healthy, balanced diet can also help you beat depression.
G. If you are feeling sad, lonely, or worthless, you may be suffering from depression.
【答案】G；D；F；C；B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章针对如何克服抑郁提出了一些建议。

（1）根据前一句“To overcome your depression, you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.”可知，要克服抑郁症，首先你必须确定目前的情绪是抑郁的症状。

按照文意，接下来应该是讲哪种情绪是抑郁的症状。

选项G“如果你感到悲伤、孤独或毫无价值，你可能会患上抑郁症”是最切题的。

所以答案选G。

（2）第二段主要讲了你要通过忙碌的日程转移自己的注意力，在最后提出两个做计划的方法：可以在一周开始的时候制定一个时间表，或者在前一天晚上计划好每一天。

根据上下文逻辑关系，接下来只有选项D“无论你选择哪种方法，都要有坚持的目标”顺承句意。

所以答案选D。

（3）由第三段第一句也即主旨句“Improve your diet”可知，这一段主要讲如何改善饮食。

只有选项F“吃健康、均衡的饮食也能帮助你战胜抑郁”切题。

所以答案选F。

（4）根据前一句“For a jump start, find at least five things to be grateful for”可知，首先，你要找到至少5件事值得感激。

选项A控制自己的情绪，选项B改善你的外表和选项E并不是每个人都知道抑郁有积极的一面，都不顺承句意。

只有选项C“最重要的是每天都要快乐”最切题。

所以答案选C。

（5）根据“While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks, if you take time to maintain your appearanc e and hygiene every day, you will feel better about yourself”可知，
虽然你不会通过改变容貌来战胜抑郁，但如果你每天都花时间保持自己的外表和卫生，你就会感觉良好。

所以这一段是关于改善外表的。

只有选项B切题。

所以答案选B。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

如果文章有标题，标题往往就点出了文章的主题。

如果文章没有给出标题，就需要同学们快速分析出主题。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案：了解了文章主题，需要回到文中，重点阅读空格附近的句子，圈定线索词，再和选项进行比对，锁定和线索相关的选项，从而确定答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

看文章从内容上、逻辑上是否通顺连贯，直白地说，就是检查文章是否读得通、读得懂，符合逻辑。

4．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Parents often say that they don't mind what their children do in life just as long as they are happy. Happiness and pleasure are almost universally seen as among the most precious human goods.________Philosopher Jeremy Bentham believed that all sources of pleasure are of equal quality, but John Stuart Mill disagreed. Mill argued for a difference between higher and lower pleasure.________Lower pleasure, in contrast, requires mere (仅仅的；纯粹的) senses.
The entire debate assumes a clear divide between the physical and the mental.________What will it mean for our ideas about pleasure?
________Food is usually considered to be the lower pleasure. All animals eat, using the senses of smell and taste. It doesn't require any complex cognition (认知) to conclude that something is delicious. However, these people failed to appreciate something that the French food writer Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin captured. That is, "Animals feed; man eats; only the man of intellect(才智) knows how to eat."
Eating shows that the difference between higher pleasure and lower pleasure is not what you enjoy but how you enjoy it.________Preparing it using the powers of reflection and attention turns it into a higher pleasure.
A. The dining table is a good place to start.
B. Wolfing down your food is a lower kind of pleasure.
C. What's the real difference between high and low pleasure?
D. What happens if the physical and the mental cannot be separated?
E. All philosophers believed that cookery could never be a form of art.
F. Higher pleasure depends on human abilities such as self-awareness or language use.
G. However, disagreements will be caused about whether some forms of pleasure are better than others.
【答案】 G；F；D；A；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，幸福和快乐几乎被普遍认为是人类最宝贵的财富之一。

然而，关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，会产生分歧。

John Stuart Mill认为
快乐的高低是有区别的。

且以就餐为例，指出吃表明高快乐和低快乐的区别不是你喜欢什么，而是你如何享受它。

狼吞虎咽是一种低级乐趣，但是用心准备它就能将低级乐趣转变为高级乐趣。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Philosopher Jeremy Bentham believed that all sources of pleasure are of equal quality, but John Stuart Mill disagreed.”可知Jeremy Bentham认为所有快乐的来源都是平等的，但是John Stuart Mill不同意。

可知关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，存在分歧。

故选G。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Mill argued for a difference between higher and lower pleasure.”密尔认为快乐的高低是有区别的。

与下文提到了lower pleasure，即可知本句应是说明了higher pleasure。

故F. Higher pleasure depends on human abilities such as self-awareness or languag e use.“更高的快乐取决于人类的能力，如自我意识或语言使用”。

惩戒上下文符合语境，故选F。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“The entire debate assumes a clear divide between the physical and the mental.”整个辩论在生理和心理上有明显的分歧。

其中physical and the mental可对应到D选项中the physical and the mental，意思为：如果身体和精神不能分开会发生什么?故选D。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Food is usually considered to be the lower pleasure.”可知提到了food，故A. The dining table is a good place to start.“餐桌就是一个分歧很明显的地方。

”符合语境，故选A。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Preparing it using the powers of reflection and attention turns it into a higher pleasure.”用反思和专注的力量来准备它，会把它变成一种更高的乐趣。

根据上文可知：狼吞虎咽是一种低级趣味。

故选B。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

5．任务型阅读
Old-fashioned carpooling (拼车) where a group of people take turns driving each other to work has always faced a resistance. In a study by ABC News, 84％of those who drive to work say that they still do it alone.________ For example, sometimes they simply cannot find anyone to share a ride with.
________ NuRide, a company providing online carpooling service, offers daily travelers not just a web-based list of would-be carpoolers but also a way to arrange a trip online. Here's how it works: rider seekers enter the positions where their trip will begin and end, the time they want to leave and if they're willing to drive or just ride in someone else's car. The website's search engine then looks for matches and makes lists of the names of traveling companions, along with the car model and the exact time and place to meet for each trip.________ Then they meet their car mates when it's time to go.
________ They are required to provide the name of their employer and a work e-mail address. Both need to be checked before being listed on the website.
So far, NuRide has arranged more man 50,000 rides on the website.________
A. NuRide users aren't riding with total strangers.
B. It has resulted in 1.4 million fewer miles driven.
C. They insisted that carpooling is just too inconvenient.
D. Now technology makes carpooling easier and more fun.
E. It is an environmentally friendly and economical way to travel.
F. Carpooling reduces travel cost, such as fuel cost and stress of driving.
G. People who want to share the ride can show their interest in joining in online.
【答案】C；D；G；A；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现在的网络技术使得拼车更容易和更有趣。

NuRide公司，提供网上拼车服务，在线安排，满足所需，并且是实名制，安全放心。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据上文”In a study by ABC News, 84％of those who drive to work say that they still do it alone.“ 84%的开车上班的人说他们仍然独自开车；以及下文”For example, sometimes they simply cannot find anyone to share a ride with.“比如有时他们根本找不到人拼车。

再分析七个选项可以推断出拼车因为不方面，故C项符合。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据第二段的内容可知，NuRide的公司，提供网上拼车服务，在线安排，方便拼车又有趣。

分析七个选项可推断现代的技术让拼车很方便，故D符合题意。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

本空的上文主要列举出拼车的流程，由此可推断出想拼车的人可能会对此感兴趣。

故通过分析可知G符合题意。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据下文“They are required to provide the name of their employer and a work e-mail address, Both need to be checked before being listed on the website.”可知要求提供雇主的名字和工作电子邮件地址并接受检查，可知都是经过登记检查的，而不能让陌生人搭乘，故A符合本空。

故选A。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据上文”So far, NuRide has arranged more man 50,000 rides on the website.“到目前为止，NuRide users已经有更多的人搭乘超过50.000次。

通过分析剩下的三个选项，可知B. It has resulted in 1.4 million fewer miles driven”减少了140万英里的行驶。

“更为合适。

故选B。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步考查考生对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

6．任务型阅读
Why doesn't the conductor face the audience?________As the only person with his back to the audience, the conductor is a figure who is bathed in the spotlight, but his complex work requires a high degree of musical skill, as well as an ability to extract what he desires out of the group of artists he leads--his orchestra.
________A person may become a conductor without graduating from the conducting department of a music school or studying in any kind of conductor's training program. However, becoming the conductor of a famous orchestra requires a great deal more than what is needed merely to join an orchestra.
________These naturally examine a conductor's technique and musical interpretation while he conducts an orchestra through a prepared piece of music, but they also involve a sight-reading
element________The conductor then has to sit in a room and memorize the piece before coming out and leading the orchestra through the piece by memory. Not only does the conductor have to make his arm and hand motion properly, and signal all the entrances of each instrument, he has to point out intentional mistakes made by the orchestra members on the spot.
The least capabilities a conductor must have are: The ability to memorize an entire score. A good ear for distinguishing correct notes among the music of the entire orchestra.________
Of the conductors that meet these requirements, those with better musical insight and a higher level of charisma(魅力) will succeed.
A. The need for a common musical standard becomes necessary
B. The ability to lead a group of professional musicians
C. There are many conducting competitions
D. For this, the score of music is given to the conductor on site
E. This is how the role of the conductor came to be established
F. The role of the conductor is in fact not well understood
G. There are no examinations for becoming a conductor
【答案】F；G；C；D；B
【解析】【分析】为什么指挥不面向观众？本文就这一话题展开介绍了乐队的指挥总是背对着观众的原因，以及成为一名乐队指挥需要哪些方面的能力等。

(1)根据前面的“Why doesn't the conductor face the audience”可知，人们对乐队指挥这一工作不甚了解，再根据本空后的内容推断应选F项。

故答案为F。

(2)根据本空后面的“A person may become a conductor without graduating from the condu cting department of a music school or studying in any kind of conductor's training program”可知，乐队的指挥不需要毕业于专业的音乐学校或经过相关的训练，与G项的“不用考试”一致。

故答案为G。

(3)根据空格后面的“These naturally examine a conductor's technique and musical interpretation while he conducts an orchestr a through a prepared piece of music”，这里的These指的是C项中的competitions。

故答案为C。

(4)根据后面的“The conductor then has to sit in a room and memorize the piece”，即把音乐的总谱现场给乐队指挥，然后指挥需要现场记忆。

故答案为D。

(5)与前面的“The ability to memorize an entire score”中的ability是并列的。

故答案为B。

【点评】此类文体的文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现，文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或子范畴词语，使用同义词表达，用总称指代指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体。

使用代词避免重复等。

7．Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. ________
Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars.
________
Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That's because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.
To help minimize additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that. ________
Many scientists are also proposing different ways to clean up space junk. The Germans have been planning a space mission with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back to Earth so that they can be safely destroyed.
"In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well," said Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher who is working to solve the problem. ________ Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers. "The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more and more fragments," he says.
A. One reason that it's urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space.
B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.
C. Blowing up older satellites with a missile may create thousands of smaller pieces!
D. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.
E. When two objects in space collide, the two objects break into many smaller pieces.
F. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.
【答案】 F；B；D；A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍太空垃圾越来越严重，急需解决。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth.”可知，数据上来看，地球周围的太空超过22000块垃圾，F. Years of space exploration have left tons of "space junk" in orbit around the planet.“多年的太空探索在地球轨道上留下了数以吨计的垃圾”，后一句例举了具体的数据，承接后文，切题，故选F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“And these are ju st the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars.”可知，那些垃圾都是可以通过望远镜和雷达观察到的，B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.“还有很多小块垃圾我们看不清”，与前一句形成对比，切题，故选B。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Each tool must b e built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that.”可知，每个发射工具必须能够安全落入地球的大气层，D. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.“在地球的大气层上空，这些太空探测工具能够燃烧”，陈述前一句话的结果和目的，切题，故选D。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well”以及空后“Many of these objects are tools that help
people use their cell phones or computers.”可知，太空垃圾问题很难解决，也很紧急，A. One reason that it's urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space.“紧急的原因在于人们发射了更多的卫星到太空，这些卫星主要用于帮助人们上网”，讲述紧急的原因，切题，故选A。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

8．Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. ________ Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.
Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child's screen time with other activities.
________ Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.
Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. ________ So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.
Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ________ To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.
A. Some negative experiences on social media can and do affect some children.
B. However, some experts question claims that too much screen time is harmful.
C. He wanted to see if there was a similar effect among young people in the United States.
D. So, it is natural that parents should wonder about all the time children spend looking at a screen.
E. The researchers found no increase in risky sex or driving behaviors, use of illegal substances or eating disorders.
F. The researchers suggested that for those children, technology use might get in the way of taking part in other important activities.
【答案】 D；B；C；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到
电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。

美国儿科学会建议儿童和青少年每天看屏幕的时间不超过两个小时。

一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的，Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices.”可知许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。

再根据空后“parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.”提到了父母对孩子长时间看电子产品的看法，可知本空是提出父母对孩子花在看屏幕上的时间感到好奇是很自然的。

故选D。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmfu l.”Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。

因此可推测上文是提出"一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的"，故选B。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who h ad six or more hours of screen time a day.”提到一项英国研究发现，在每天看电视时间超过6小时的儿童中，攻击性和抑郁会有一个小的负面影响——大约增加1%。

因此他想看看在美国的年轻人中是否也有类似的影响。

故选C。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ”调查发现，在每天使用屏幕长达6小时的人群中，犯罪行为增加了0.5%；抑郁症的症状增加了1.7%;以及1.2%对学习成绩的负面影响。

即下文继续列举长时间看屏幕对其他犯罪行为的影响，故E选项：研究人员发现，危险的性行为、驾驶行为、使用非法药物或饮食失调的情况没有增加。

符合题意，故选E。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

9．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

Time for Americans to act on climate change
The climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore. For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.
The scientific community has become increasingly panicked over the past year. The latest assessment from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change painted a far more terrible picture than its previous analyses, and the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security. Out of this panic came the treaty(条约)reached this past weekend by world leaders to keep the Paris climate agreement alive.。