2016石家庄桥东区高考英语阅读理解类暑假练习(2)及答案

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel.And he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.
I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War.H.B.Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is only the most famous example.These early stories dealt directly with slavery.With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.
Again and again，in the postwar years，Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of
race.Consider the most controversial，at least today，of Twain's novels，Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn，Twain's most widely read tale.Once upon a time，people hated the book because it struck them as rude.Twain himsel f wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)．”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)
But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point.The novel is strongly anti-slavery.Jim's search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.As J．Chadwick has pointed out，the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities，“the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：Jim，the father and the man.”
There is much more.Twain's mystery novel Pudd'nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，Twain's tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.A slave gave birth to her master's baby and，for fear that the child should be sold South，switched him for the master's baby by his wife.The slave's lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class.The master's wife's baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.
The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech，for example—were，to Twain，indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.
Twain's racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called“nigger shows”in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet
there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.
Was Twain a racist？Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln.If we read the w ords and attitudes of the past through the“wisdom”of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.Lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white，fought and won a war to free him.And Twain，raised in a slave state，briefly a soldier，and inventor of Jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.
【语篇解读】通过研究马克·吐温的作品，来判定他是否是一名种族主义者。

作者列举了大量事实，说明了马克·吐温是名反对种族主义的斗士，反驳了别人那些错误的观点。

1．How do Twain's novels on slavery differ from Stowe's?
A．Twain was more willng to deal with racism.
B．Twain's attack on racism was much less open.
C．Twain's themes seemed to agree with plots.
D．Twain was openly concerned with racism.
解析推理判断题。

由第二段With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else directly可知。

答案B。

2．Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its________.
A．target readers at the bottom
B．anti-slavery attitude
C．rather impolite language
D．frequent use of “nigger”
解析细节理解题。

由第三段More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)可知。

答案 D.
3．What best proves Twain's anti-slavery stand according to the author?
A．Jim's search for his family was described in detail.
B．The slave's voice was first heard in American novels.
C．Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.
D．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
解析推理判断题。

由第五段中的后三句话可推出。

答案 C.
4．The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that________.
A．slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters
B．slaves' babies could pick up slave-holders' way of speaking
C．blacks' social position was shaped by how they were brought up
D．blacks were born with certain features of prejudice
解析推理判断题。

由第六段第一句The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status，可推知。

答案 C.
5．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A．The attacks. B．Slavery and prejudice.
C．White men. D．The shows.
解析词义辨析题。

由第七段Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.可知。

答案 D.
6．What does the author mainly argue for?
A．Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.
B．Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.
C．Twain's works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.
D．Twain's works should be read from a historical point of view.
解析主旨大意题。

该篇从马克·吐温的人生经历，他的作品及其它作者的作品进行比对后，作者得出了：马克·吐温比与他同时代的作家更反对种族主义。

答案 A.
阅读理解。

I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. A newspaper reporter interviewed him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?
He responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he dropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor—a real sea of milk!
When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely
seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”
Indeed, the boy did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. How would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵)，a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said，“You know，what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it. ”The little boy learned that if h e grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. What a wonderful lesson!
This famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes.
当记者采访一位富有创造性的杰出科学家为什么他与众不同时，这位科学家说这一切源于2岁时妈妈给他上的一课，从中我们可以意识到孩提时代的教育方法的重要性。

1．When the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she ________.
A. gave the boy a lecture instead of shouting at him
B. praised the boy instead of punishing him
C. felt satisfied with the boy's trying to help himself
D. calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor
答案：D。

事实细节题。

由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选D。

2．The child's experience resulted in the following BUT ________.
A. offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottle
B. benefiting the boy all his life
C. helping the boy be more creative
D. making the boy realize the mistake is of value
答案：A。

推理判断题。

由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知B、C正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有A项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选A。

3．According to the passage, the way the scientist's mother used is ________.
A. instructive
B. strict
C. formal
D. strange
答案：A。

推理判断题。

通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。

故选A。

4．The purpose of the passage is to show ________.
A. a usual way to cultivate a child
B. a scientist's medical achievements
C. a mother's wise way of helping her child
D. the advantages of making mistakes
答案：C。

推理判断题。

总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选C。

阅读理解。

A few months before I was born, my Dad met a stranger who was new to our small town. From the beginning, Dad was fascinated with this enchanting newcomer and soon invited him to live with our family. The stranger was quickly accepted and was around to welcome me into the world a few months later.
As I grew up, I never questioned his place in my family. In my young mind, he had a special position. My parents were complementary instructors：Mom taught me the words, and Dad taught me to obey them. But the stranger... He was our storyteller. He would keep us spellbound for hours on end with adventures, mysteries and comedies.
If I wanted to know anything about politics，history or science，he always knew the answers about the past, understood the present and even seemed able to predict the future! He made me laugh, and he made me cry. The stranger never stopped talking, but Dad didn't seem to mind.
I now know that my early concepts about relationship were influenced strongly by the stranger. Time after time, he opposed the values of my parents, yet he was seldom blamed...and NEVER asked to leave.
More than fifty years have passed since the stranger moved in with our family. He has blended right in and is not nearly as fascinating as he was at first. Still, if you were to walk into my parent's room today, you would still find him sitting over in his corner, waiting for someone to listen to him talk and watch him draw his pictures. His name?
We just call him...“TV”．
He has a younger sister now. We call her“Computer”．
作者以生动形象的拟人手法描述了电视对自己的影响。

5．When the stranger came to live with our family, he was ________.
A. ingnored by the children
B. driven away for no reason
C. abandoned because it was too noisy
D. accepted by every family member
答案：D。

事实细节题。

由首段尾句可知答案。

6．The stranger can do all the following things EXCEPT that he can ________.
A. tell us some funny stories
B. reject our proposals
C. influence the children's character
D. predict the future
答案：B。

事实细节题。

由第3段内容可知电视具有A、C、D项所说的功能，而不能“拒绝建议”，故按题意要求选B。

7．The underlined word“spellbound” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________.
A. concentrated
B. puzzled
C. fascinated
D. astonished
答案：C。

词义猜测题。

由第2段尾句语境“数小时连续地看冒险故事、神秘故事和喜剧”可知应是“沉迷于，对……着迷的”，故答案为C。

倒数第3段第2句中的fascinating也是暗示。

本题易误选A，但是如果注意一下后面的介词就可排除，因为concentrate和on搭配。

8．What can we learn from the last three paragraphs of the passage?
A. The computer is more advanced and has gained greater popularity.
B. Old as he is，we like the stranger best.
C. The TV set is out of fashion and often breaks down.
D. We decide to throw the TV set away immediately.
答案：A。

推理判断题。

文章中提到电视伴随我们五十年，而现在它有了一个年轻的妹妹那就是电脑，说明了产品已推陈出新，暗示了电脑更先进更受人们青睐，故答案为A。

完形填空。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

【山东省济宁市2014高考英语二模试题】A
It’s like getting a new life，I mean，living with the Tragers．
Being the oldest kid in Rosario Landing isn’t something you’d be 11 ．People who go there usually want 12 kids，babies even，because babies remember little about their real parents，and it’s easier for them to become 13 to their new parents．I felt happy for those who left with their new families．I really did．14 it got harder to be happy for them when you were never the one to go．
I never thought Nicole and Thomas would 15 me．They said they felt like they had 16 me for many years．After spending a few afternoons with me，they decided to take me home.
It’s never easy to have a 17 in your life．Lori is nice，but she’s too 18 ，like I was just one of her parents’friends．We talk，but not very warmly．Sean 19 it better than his older sister I slept in his room before I had my own，and we got to play tricks on each other three nights later，like real brothers．
If there’s anything I can do to make them feel easier with me，I’11 try．I want to，be- cause，for the first time in my life，I feel that I 20 somewhere．
11．A．afraid of B．aware of C．proud of D．tired of
12．A．bigger B．younger C．healthier D．happier
13．A．familiar B．polite C．kind D．close
14．A．And B．But C．So D．As
15．A．Dick B．see C．1eave D．catch
16．A．kept B．taught C．known D．helped
17．A．boy B．girl C．friend D. stranger
18．A．polite B．pleasant C．amusing D. excited
19．A．meets with B．deals with C．puts up with D．agrees with
20．A．belong B．exist C．stay D. live
【参考答案】11—20、CBDBA CDABA
【山东省济宁市2014高考英语二模试题】B The fighting for SUCCESS always begins with a target．But too many people 21 through life like steepwalkers. Each day they follow familiar 22 ，nevrer asking，“What am I doing with my life?” And they don’t know what they’re doing because they lack 23．
Goal-setting is a focusing of the 24 to move in a certain direction. Begin With a clear 25 of what you want．Write down your goals and date them-putting them into 26 makes them clearer to you．Rather than concentrating on 27 objects to acquire and Dossess，focus on satisfying your desires to do，to produce，to contribute，which gives you a true sense of 28 we all need．
It’s important to picture yourself 29 your goal．What often happens is that 30 tend to picture the terrible consequences of failure，while winners picture the 31 of success．I’ve seen it among athletes，business people and public speakers.
I’ve done it myself．I was afraid of 32 travel．Friends showed me statistics contrasting air and highway 33 ，but it made no difference，because I had read too many artieles describing 34
scenes and imagined these scenes vividly．I had programmed myself，without realizing it，to 35 planes．
Then one summer I had the 36 to fly on a private plane with friends．I didn’t want to miss a great 37 ．So I spent two weeks imagining a smooth flight and easy 38 .
When the day arrived，I was 39 to go．To everyone’s surprise,I got on the plane and flew with them without hesitation．I loved 40 minute of it, and I still use the techniques I employed that day．
21．A．run B．march C．wander D．hurry 22．A．routines B．guides C．exercises D．teachers 23．A．experiences B．actions C．methods D．goals
24．A．1ight B．will C．breath D．blood 25．A．impression B．theory C．idea D.sky
26．A．words B．hearts C．bags D.pockets
27．A．metal B．cheap C．boring D．valuable 28．A．humour B．satisfaction C．direction D．justice
29．A．setting B．writing．C．accomplishing D．seeking
30．A．1osers B．heroes C．adults D．children 31．A．records B．awards C．effects D．rewards
32．A．1and B．air C．sea D．desert
33．A．speed B．cost C．safety D．comfort 34．A．crash B．mountain C．ocean D．forest
35．A．cut off B．put off C．pay off D．stay off
36．A．plan B．opportunity C．courage D．strength
37．A．train B．plane C．vacation D．lecture 38．A．landing B．travelling C．going D．operating 39．A．unwilling B．sorry C．afraid D．eager
40．A．a B．every C．the D．some
【参考答案】21—40、CADBC ADBCA DBCAD BCADB。