2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (山东卷)word版 含答案

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes: The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■ Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■ Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■ On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■ Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?
A. A plane ticket.
B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt.
D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Typing your poem out.
B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper.
D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】本文为应用文，介绍了诗歌邀请赛的奖励和参赛规则。

1. A 细节理解题。

根据3 Grand Prizes中第一句“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice. ”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。

2. C 细节理解题。

根据50 Honorable Mentions这一段“Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送特别制作的T恤，故选C。

3. B 细节理解题。

由Rules中“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 wor ds or fewer. ”，写诗用词不能超过100词，故选B。

B
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaki ng to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and tha t’s pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】本文为记叙文。

本文记叙了Jennifer的家庭和学业，以及婚后主人公继续完成梦想的过程。

4. C 细节理解题。

根据第二段第三句“After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. ”可知，大学学费是主人公自己负责，自己支付学费，故选C。

5. A 细节理解题。

第三段第三、四句中：“She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and b e home in the evening to help with her kids. ”，由此可知，主人公是为了照顾孩子们，才选择Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital，故选A。

6. B 细节理解题。

第四段第二句“ Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ”，可知，主人公为了学业，不能陪伴孩子，故选B。

7. C 推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后两句“However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.”可知，主人公的努力获得了回报，并且结合整个语篇来理解，本文能学习到的是，努力就会有收获，故选C。

C
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral (葬礼) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?
A. His friends’ invitation.
B. His interest in the country.
C. His love for teaching.
D. His desire to regain health.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
10. Which of the following best describes Mr Biss ell’s road trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Romantic.
B. Eventful.
C. Pleasant.
D. Dangerous.
11. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To introduce a book.
B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer.
D. To recommend a travel destination.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】本文为记叙文，记叙了Tom Bissell的生平事迹以及他的书籍。

8. B 细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to …”可知，是因为被这个国家所吸引，才回到乌兹别克斯坦，attracted to表“被……吸引”，故选B。

9. D 词义猜测题。

第一段第二句中，“A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.”“that”通常指代的上文所说的内容，可知，“that”指代的是主人公写的书Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia，故选D。

“
10. B 推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句“This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society”可知，主人公的一生是多变的，多面的，既有温暖友好，也有社会的黑暗的一面，所以可以排除感情色彩单一的三项，故选B。

11. A 写作意图题。

文章第一段和第二段开头部分交代了Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia这本书的创作背景，第二段后半部分和第三段介绍了书的具体内容，包括主题，人物和事件等；最后一段描述了作者的创作手法、写作技巧以及对书的评价，综合全文来看，本文的中心是围绕着一本书展开的，目的就是为了介绍这本书。

故选A。

D
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to
existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having”effect. However, we’ll adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’l l hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll f ollow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
12. What is the recent study mainly about?
A. Food safety.
B. Movie viewership.
C. Consumer demand.
D. Eating behavior.
13. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Big eaters.
B. Overweight persons.
C. Picky eaters.
D. Tall thin persons.
14. Why did the researchers hire the actor?
A. To see how she would affect the participants.
B. To test if the participants could recognize her.
C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D. To study why she could keep her weight down.
15. On what basis do we “adjust the inf l uence” according to the last paragraph?
A. How hungry we are.
B. How slim we want to be.
C. How we perceive others.
D. How we feel about the food.
【答案】12.D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】本文为说明文，文章介绍了饮食同伴的体型和消费习惯对个人饮食习惯的影响。

12. D 细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句“According to a recent study …, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake”可知，我们饮食同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，故选D。

13. D 词义猜测题。

根据划线单词所在句上文“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions”（与现有的研究结果相反的是，你应该避免和体重较胖的人一起吃饭，因为他们点的食物份量比较大）可知，beanpoles是heavier people的反义词，故选D。

14. A 细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句“To test the effect o f social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.”可知，招聘演员进行实验的目的是为了测试社交对饮食习惯的影响，故选A。

15. C 细节理解题。

根据“adjust the influence”下文“If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits…”可知，我们如何看待他人的饮食习惯很重要，故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 16 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often,
when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”
17 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent o f a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 18
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 19 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.”On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16.G 17.A 18.C 19.B 20. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了成为一个优秀的演说家必须掌握的原则。

16. 过渡衔接句。

本文结构为总分，第一段总领全文，设空前一句谈到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋，后一句设问你想成为一个优秀的演说家吗？以下是一些你必须掌握的原则，前后为转折关系，审视选项，G（然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。

）符合文意，故选G。

17. 细节支撑句。

设空前一句谈到很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上，后文谈到专注于演讲，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己，建立联系。

审视选项，A（做相反的事。

）符合文意，故选A。

18. 主旨概括句。

设空处位于段末，此段主要告诉人们不要害怕犯错，听众的注意力总是分散的，所以，当你犯错时不要停止说话，除非是非常严重的错误，审视选项，C（你不需要
为一个小失误道歉。

）符合文意，故选C。

19. 细节支撑句。

设空前一句谈到你的目标不是成为一个完美的公众演说家，根据复现词“speaker”，且设空后文谈到就像生活中的其他事情一样，这需要练习可知，B（你想成为一个有效的公众演说家。

）符合文意，故选B。

20. 主旨概括句。

设空处位于段首，结合本段大意尤其是“It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.”...“I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!”和“It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.”可知，听众希望演讲是言简意赅的，审视选项，D（就公开演讲而言，通常少即是多。

）符合文意，故选D。

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【答案】
21. C 22. A 23.C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了出生于一个印度小村庄的Molai一生致力于植树以保护自然环境的故事。

21. 考查名词辨析。

句意：村庄附近有一些湿地，那里成为了他第二个家。

A. dream梦想；
B. job工作；
C. home家；
D. choice选择。

根据语境及句意可知选C。

22. 考查名词辨析。

句意：在那里他很小就知道了大自然的美丽和价值。

A. nature 大自然；
B. youth 青春；
C. culture 文化；
D. knowledge 知识。

根据语境及句意可知选A。

23. 考查形容词辨析。

句意：16岁时，莫莱开始注意到他家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。

A. precious 宝贵的；
B. interesting有趣的；
C. disturbing 令人不安的；
D. awkward 尴尬的。

根据句意及语境可知选C。

24. 考查名词辨析。

句意：那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的伤害使得许多鸟也离开了。

A. waste 浪费；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛；D. damage 破坏。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

25. 考查副词辨析。

句意：此外，蛇的数量也减少了。

A. Besides 此外；B. However 然而；
C. Therefore 因此；
D. Otherwise 否则。

根据语境及句意可知选A。

26. 考查动词辨析。

句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。

A. agreed 同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered 记得；D. predicted 预测。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

27. 考查名词辨析。

句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。

A. noise 噪音；B. heat 热量；C. disease 疾病；D. dust 灰尘。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

28. 考查名词辨析。

句意：当然，解决办法就是种树，这样动物们在白天可以寻找栖身之处。

A. directions 方向；
B. partners 同伴；
C. help 帮助；
D. shelter 栖息之处。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

29. 考查名词辨析。

句意：他向森林部门求助，但是却被告知那里寸草不生。

A. labor 劳动；
B. police警察；
C. forest 森林；
D. finance 金融。

根据语境及句意可知选C。

30. 考查名词辨析。

句意：然而，Molai自己去寻找，接着发现了一个位于附近的小岛，他开始在那里植树。

A. rebuilt 重建；B. discovered发现；C. left留下；D. managed管理。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

31. 考查动名词辨析。

句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。

A. Decorating 装饰；
B. Observing 观察；
C. Watering浇水；
D. Guarding 守护。

根据语境及句意可知选C。

32. 考查形容词辨析。

句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。

A. tough 艰巨的；
B. illegal 违法的；
C. fantastic 极好的；
D. beneficial有益的。

根据语境及句意可知选A。

33. 考查名词辨析。

根据下文可知雨水会从幼树上方滴落。

A. back 后面；B. top 上面C. foot 末尾；D. side旁边。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

34. 考查动词短语辨析。

根据上下文可知幼树们非常缺水，因此Molai想办法是为了收集雨水。

A. cool down 冷却；B. keep off 避开；C. purify 净化；D. collect 收集。

根据语境及常识可知选D。

35. 考查动词辨析。

句意：Molai在接下来的37年里继续植树。

A. returned 回归；B. learned 学习；C. failed 失败；D. continued 继续。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

A。

26. 考查动词辨析。

句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。

A. agreed 同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered 记得；D. predicted 预测。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

27. 考查名词辨析。

句意：他意识到那是因为没有足够的树来保护他们免受炎热。

A. noise 噪
音；B. heat 热量；C. disease 疾病；D. dust 灰尘。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

28. 考查名词辨析。

句意：当然，解决办法就是种树，这样动物们在白天可以寻找栖身之处。

A. directions 方向；
B. partners 同伴；
C. help 帮助；
D. shelter 栖息之处。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

29. 考查名词辨析。

句意：他向森林部门求助，但是却被告知那里寸草不生。

A. labor 劳动；
B. police警察；
C. forest 森林；
D. finance 金融。

根据语境及句意可知选C。

30. 考查名词辨析。

句意：然而，Molai自己去寻找，接着发现了一个位于附近的小岛，他开始在那里植树。

A. rebuilt 重建；B. discovered发现；C. left留下；D. managed管理。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

31. 考查动名词辨析。

句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。

A. Decorating 装饰；
B. Observing 观察；
C. Watering浇水；
D. Guarding 守护。

根据语境及句意可知选C。

32. 考查形容词辨析。

句意：对于一个小男孩而言，旱季给幼苗浇水是个非常艰巨的任务。

A. tough 艰巨的；
B. illegal 违法的；
C. fantastic 极好的；
D. beneficial有益的。

根据语境及句意可知选A。

33. 考查名词辨析。

根据下文可知雨水会从幼树上方滴落。

A. back 后面；B. top 上面C. foot 末尾；D. side旁边。

根据语境及句意可知选B。

34. 考查动词短语辨析。

根据上下文可知幼树们非常缺水，因此Molai想办法是为了收集雨水。

A. cool down 冷却；B. keep off 避开；C. purify 净化；D. collect 收集。

根据语境及常识可知选D。

35. 考查动词辨析。

句意：Molai在接下来的37年里继续植树。

A. returned 回归；B. learned 学习；C. failed 失败；D. continued 继续。

根据语境及句意可知选D。

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
【答案】
36. wealthy 37. or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文，说明了博物馆的部分藏品的来源以及其面临的挑战。

36. wealthy 考查形容词。

根据空格后的名词与所给提示词wealth，判断此处需填形容词，故填wealthy。

37. or 考查连词。

根据空格前的until it got too big与空格后的until they died，判断此处为选择关系，故填or。

38. formed 考查时态。

根据前文提到的时间状语in the 18th and 19th centuries，判断此处需用一般过去时，故填formed。

39. which/that 考查连词。

根据空格前的先行词the British Museum与空格后的谓语动词opened，判断此处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。

40. are called 考查被动语态。

根据空格前的主语the parts与所给提示词call，判断此处为被动语态，且此处表陈述事实，故填are called。

41. is 考查主谓一致。

根据空格前的主语a small part与所给提示词，判断此处为谓语动词，且主语a small part of 后的名词a museum's collection为单数形式，故填is。

42. themselves 考查反身代词。

根据空格前的主语visitors、谓语动词imagine与所给提示词they，判断此处为反身代词，故填themselves。

43. walking 考查非谓语动词。

根据空格前的or，判断此处为与前面的living at a different time in history为选择关系，因此此处需用V-ing形式，故填walking。

44. accuracy 考查名词。

根据空格前的形容词Historical与空格后的系动词is，判断此处需用名词形式，故填accuracy。

45. for 考查固定搭配。

根据空格前的动词compete与空格后的people’s spare time and money，判断此处需用表“为……竞争”的动词短语compete for，故填for。

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。

请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参加人员：
2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；
3.活动反响。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

【Possible Version】
【审题思路】
1.审题思路（审题材，话题；时态语态；要点；写作思路）
这是一篇提纲类作文。

要求考生用英语写一篇报道，审题可知，本篇应该用第一和第三人称。

时态用一般过去时为主。

要求考生用英语写一篇报道，报道学校上周日组织了5千米越野竞赛，内容包括：参赛人员、竞赛路线及赛后反响。

首先根据写作要求确定关键词和句型，如：Cross-country Running Race（越野竞赛），be involved in（参加），Not only..., but also...（不但……而且……），build up one’s body（增强体质），enrich one’s school life（丰富校园生活），It turned out ....（结果是……）等，再进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态，最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词，书写规范清晰，保持整洁美观。

2.亮点说明：
亮点词汇（单词，短语）：be held by（由……举办），be involved in（参加），at the foot of （在……山脚下），build up（增强）
句型句式（需用文字强调类型）：
A 5000-metre Cross-country Running Race, part of the Sports Festival of our school, was held by the school students’ union last Sunday.（含同位语以及一般过去时的被动语态）；
The racing route started at the school gate and ended at the foot of the South Hill.（并列句）；Not only does it build up our body but it also enriches our school life.（倒装句）。

第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意：.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too.
___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.
___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】
Paragraph1: When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too.Then she said, “You may send him every Saturday morning, if you will pop the corn for him yourselves. John, will you agree to take charge of the work?” “Indeed, I will,” replied John, and he kept his word. Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags. When she came back, she brought Bernard with her. The corn was all popped, the paper bags filled, and arranged in the basket when Bernard arrived.
Paragraph2: With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. And much sooner than could be expected, he returned with an empty basket. Never had he earned so much money before in his life. When he found that it was all to be his, he was so delighted that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him. People began to watch for the “little pop-corn boy,” and every week he had at least fifty cents to take home, and often more. All this was because of John’s bright idea, and the way he carried it out.
【审题思路】
1.审题思路（审题材，话题；时态语态；要点；写作思路）
本文属于读写任务写作。

根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

认真审题确定文章使用一般过去时续写。

动笔前，一定要认真阅读所给故事开头，充分理解文字内容，认真看清题目要求。

在此基础上，写作下文，注意故事要连贯，要完整。

同时注意综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，写作时要准确运用时态。

同时尽量使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，不要刻意追求运用高级、新颖的词汇，强行运用复杂句型等语法结构，而忽略了与原文语言环境的符合度和连贯度。

最后也要注意不要出现单词拼写错误。

2.亮点说明：
逻辑连接词：Then，and，but
亮点词汇（单词，短语）：hear of（听说），take charge of（负责），kept one’s word（遵守。