中国拟蝇虎属3新种记述（蜘蛛目跳蛛科）（英文）

The genus Plexippoides Pr ószy ński,1976was redefined by Pr ószy ński (1984)[1]and contains 21spe-cies known as foliage dwellers mainly distributed in Asia (WSC,2020)[2].Within this genus,most species were sporadically described and have very limited ranges:18species are native and each one is known from a single country,and no new species have been described in more than a decade since P.regiu -soides Peng &Li 2008was reported (WSC,2020)[2].Although the genus is rather numerically rich and
all the species have diagnostic drawings,it has never been revised at global and regional scales in the last three decades,and 8of its species are known only from a single-sex,which indicates the genus remains insufficiently known.The genus can be easily distinguished from all other salticid gene-ra except Epeus Peckham &Peckham,1886by having the cymbial apophysis,the flap of bulb and the long copulatory duct forming several loops [3].It can be distinguished from the latter by the longitu -
中国拟蝇虎属3新种记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
收稿日期:2020-06-03;修回日期:2020-07-07
基金项目:国家科技基础研究专项(2014FY110100);贵州省科技合作项目(LH-2017/7326)
作者简介:王成(1989—),男,湖南常德人,硕士研究生;*通信作者:彭贤锦(1963—),男,湖南慈利人,湖南师范大学教授,主要从事蜘蛛系统学研究,E-mail:**************。

Received date:2020-06-03;Accepted date:2020-07-07
Foundation items:National Special Fund on Basic Research of Science and Technology of China (2014FY110100);Science and Technology Cooperation Project Foundation of Guizhou Province (LH-2017/7326)
Biographies:WANG Cheng (1989-),male,born in Changde,Hunan Province,postgraduate;*Corresponding author:PENG Xian-jin (1963-),male,born in Cili,Hunan Province,professor of Hunan Normal University,focusing on spiders systematics,E-mail:**************.
王成1,2,米小其2,彭贤锦1*
(1.湖南师范大学生命科学学院,中国湖南长沙410081;2.贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,
铜仁学院,中国贵州铜仁554300)
摘要:记述了采自中国云南和湖南的拟蝇虎属(Plexippoides )3新种:长突拟蝇虎P.longapophysis sp.nov.、类
黑拟蝇虎P.subtristis sp.nov.及唐氏拟蝇虎P.tangi sp.nov.,提供了它们的地理分布信息、详细的形态特征以及外形和外生殖器显微照片。

关键词:跳蛛;蝇虎亚族;中国南方;新种;分类学中图分类号:Q959.22
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1007-7847(2020)05-0360-07
Three New Species of the Spider Genus Plexippoides Pr ószy ński,
1976(Araneae,Salticidae)from China
WANG Cheng 1,2,MI Xiao-qi 2,PENG Xian-jin 1*
(1.College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University ,Changsha 410081,Hunan ,China ;2.Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region ,Tongren University ,Tongren 554300,Guizhou ,China )
Abstract:Three new Plexippoides species,including P.longapophysis sp.nov.(♂)from Yunnan,P.subtris -
tis sp.nov.(♂♀)and P.tangi sp.nov.
(♂♀)from Hunan,China,are described.Distributional data,de -
tailed morphological characteristics,photos of the habitus and copulatory organs are provided.Key words:jumping spider;Plexippina;south China;new species;taxonomy
（Life Science Research ，2020，24（5）：360~366）
DOI ：10.16605/ki.1007-7847.2020.05.003
·研究论文·
第24卷第5期生命科学研究Vol.24No.52020年10月Life Science Research Oct.2020
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第5期王成等：中国拟蝇虎属3新种记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
dinal bands on the dorsal of abdomen,and the flap of bulb mainly present anteriorly rather than absent or present at the central or posterior part in the species of Epeus[3~4].To date,with as many as14 species and9native,China has the highest diversity of the genus worldwide.
In the examination of the Salticidae specimens collected from the Wuliang Mountain National Na-ture Reserve in Yunnan and Huping Mountain Na-tional Nature Reserve in Hunan of China,three spe-cies of Plexippoides were recognized as new to scien-ce and are described in the present contribution. 1Materials and methods Specimens were collected by beating shrubs and kept in75%ethanol.After dissecting from the habitus,the epigyne was cleared in trypsin enzyme solution before examination and photography.Left male palps were used for description and illustra-tion.The specimens were examined with an Olym-pus SZX16stereomicroscope and measured using a Leica M205C.Photos were taken with a Kuy Nice CCD mounted on an Olympus BX53compound pound focus images were generated using Helicon Focus6.7.1software.
All measurements are given in millimeters.Leg measurements are giving as total length(femur,pa-tella+tibia,metatarsus,tarsus).Type specimens are deposited in the museum of Hunan Normal Univer-sity except the specimens of P.longapophysis sp. nov.,which are deposited in the museum of Tong-ren University.Abbreviations used are shown in Table1.2Taxonomy
Family Salticidae Blackwall,1841
Genus Plexippoides Prószyński,1976
2.1Plexippoides longapophysis sp.nov.(Figs.1A~ C,2)
Type material.Holotype♂(m20150818-01), Wuliang Mountain National Nature Reserve(24°15′47.20″N,100°44′26.00″E,alt.2006m),Gonglang Township,Nanjian County,Yunnan Province,China, 18August2015,Xiao-qi Mi,Tian-jun Liu and Xing Kuang leg.Paratype.1♂(m20150818-02),same da-ta as holotype.
Etymology.The specific name comes from a combination of the words“long”and“apophysis”,re-ferring to the long tibial apophysis of the male palp. Diagnosis.The new species resembles P.longus Zhu,Zhang,Zhang&Chen,2005(see Zhu et al., 2005[5]:538,Figs.11A~E)in the long cymbial apo-physis and the anteriorly located flap of bulb,but can be distinguished by:1)RTA about two times longer than cymbial apophysis in retrolateral view (Fig.2C),whereas about half the length of cymbial apophysis in P.longus;2)embolus arising at almost 4:00o’clock in ventral view(Fig.2B)versus almost 12:00o’clock in P.longus. Description.Male(holotype).TL4.81.CL2.29, CW1.67.AL2.38,AW1.07.Eye sizes and inter-distances:AME0.51,ALE0.31,PLE0.29,AME—AME0.03,AME—ALE0.04,AERW1.62,PERW 1.55,EFL1.02.Legs:Ⅰ4.31(1.32,1.62,0.76,0.61);Ⅱ4.07(1.29,1.45,0.72,0.61);Ⅲ4.85(1.53, 1.56,1.01,0.75);Ⅳ5.07(1.55,1.68,1.09,0.75).
Table1Abbreviations used in the text and figures
Abbreviation AERW ALE AME CA CL CW EFL FD PLE RTA S
Full title
Anterior eye row width
Anterior lateral eye
Anterior median eye
Cymbial apophysis
Cephalothorax length
Cephalothorax width
Eye field length
Fertilization duct
Posterior lateral eye
Retrolateral tibial apophysis
Spermatheca
Abbreviation
AL
AM
AW
CD
CO
E
F
PERW
PME
TL
SD
Full title
Abdomen length
Atrial margin
Abdomen width
Copulatory duct
Copulatory opening
Embolus
Flap
Posterior eye row width
Posterior median eye
Total length
Sperm duct
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Fig.1Habitus of Plexippoides species
(A~C)P.longapophysis sp.nov.;(D~F)P.subtristis sp.nov.;(G~I)P.tangi sp.nov..(A~E),(G)and (H)Holotype;(F)and (I)Female paratype.(A),(D),(F),(G)and (I)Dorsal view;(B)Lateral view;(C),(E)and (H)Ventral view.Scale bars:1.0mm.
Cephalothorax (Fig.1A)yellow,the cephalic almost square,and the thoracic with a pair of dark-brown irregular rows of hairs extending to the posterior margin from the medial region.Fovea longitudinal.
Chelicerae with one retromarginal and two promar-ginal teeth.Endites (Fig.1C)yellow,the inner tip bium (Fig.1C)tapering,the tip covered with dense hairs.Sternum (Fig.1C)yellow,the rim cover-ed with thin hairs.Legs yellow,with dark stripes on the retrolateral side of the femora Ⅰ.Abdomen
(Figs.1A~C)elongated,dorsum with two longitudi -nal dark-brown stripes separated by a broad yellow stripe extending posteriorly from the anterior mar -gin,and followed by several dotted lines,covered
with sparse hairs;venter pale,bilaterally with two longitudinal brown stripes running across the whole surface.Palp (Fig.2).Retrolateral tibial apophysis o -
riginating from the base of the tibia,almost 2times longer than cymbial apophysis,curved medially and slightly rounded at the tip.Bulb almost round,an -teriorly with an ear-like flap extending retrolateral -ly.Embolus slender,arising at 4:00o ’clock,cir -cling with a pointed distal end reaching to the cym -bial tip.Cymbium broad and flattened,widest at the base,and then narrowed gradually,proximal-retro -laterally with a spiny apophysis about half the retro -lateral tibial apophysis length in retrolateral view.
Female.Unknown.
Distribution.China (Yunnan).
2.2Plexippoides subtristis sp.nov.(Figs.1D~F,3)
Type material.Holotype ♂(HNU-200806-021),Huping Moutain National Nature Reserve (30°01′16.26″N,110°36′14.64″E,alt.950m),Hupingshan Township,Shimen County,Hunan Province,China,
(A)(B)(C)
(D)(E)(F)
(G)(H)(I)
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第5期Fig.2Male palp of Plexippoides longapophysis sp.nov.
(A)Prolateral view;(B)Ventral view;(C)Retrolateral view.Scale bars:0.1mm.
SD
E
F
F
CA
CA
RTA
RTA
(C)
(B)
(A)
王成等：中国拟蝇虎属3新种记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
19—25June 2008,Guo Tang and Xiao-qi Mi leg.Paratypes.5♂8♀(HNU-200806-022—034),same data as holotype.
Etymology.The specific name refers to the new species closely resembling P.tristis Pr óchniewicz,1990.
Diagnosis.The new species resembles P.tristis Pr óchniewicz,1990(see Pr óchniewicz,1990[6]:159,Figs.29~36)in the general shape of habitus and copulatory organs,but can be distinguished by:1)RTA apically directed retrolaterally in retrolateral view (Fig.3C),whereas directed almost anteriorly in P.tristis ;2)cymbial apophysis directed towards in -ner laterad in retrolateral view (Fig.3C),whereas di -
rected towards downward in P.tristis ;3)flap of bulb located at the anterior edge (Fig.3B),whereas located at the outer lateral margin in P.tristis ;4)copulatory openings merged into a circle (Figs.3D,E),whereas separated and arc-shaped in P.tristis .
Description.Male (holotype).TL 5.02.CL 2.35,CW 1.67.AL 2.58,AW 1.22.Eye sizes and inter -distances:AME 0.47,ALE 0.28,PLE 0.26,AME —AME 0.03,AME —ALE 0.04,AERW 1.57,PERW 1.53,EFL 1.06.Legs:Ⅰ6.00(1.73,2.47,1.18,0.62);Ⅱ4.70(1.53,1.75,0.87,0.55);Ⅲ5.32(1.73,1.72,1.16,0.71);Ⅳ5.54(1.70,1.93,1.19,0.72).Cephalothorax (Fig.1D)yellow,pale in eyes field,
the cephalic almost square,and the thoracic with a pair of faint red -brown stripes extending to the posterior margin from the behind of PMEs,covered with hairs.Fovea longitudinal.Chelicerae red -brown,with one retromarginal and two promarginal teeth.Endites (Fig.1E)and sternum (Fig.1E)bium (Fig.1E)yellow -brown,tapering,the tip pale,with dense hairs.Legs yellow,the femur of leg Ⅰ,Ⅱwith dark stripes retrolaterally.Abdomen (Figs.1D,E)elongated,dorsum with three longitudi -nal dark brown stripes running across the whole surface,covered with sparse hairs;venter pale-yel -low,with an irregular brown stripe postero-medial ly.Palp (Figs.3A~C).Retrolateral tibial apophysis broadened antero-medially and curved abruptly be -fore extending dorsally in ventral view.Bulb almost round,anterior sub-margin with an ear-like flap ex-tending retrolaterally.Embolus slender,arising at 3:30o ’clock,and then circling,with a distal end reaching to the cymbial tip.Cymbium broad and flat-tened,proximal-retrolaterally with an apophysis ta-pering to a pointed tip directed towards 7:30o ’clock
in retrolateral view.
Female (paratype,HNU-200806-027).TL 6.03.CL 2.52,CW 1.90.AL 3.49,AW 2.02.Eye sizes and interdistances:AME 0.58,ALE 0.31,PLE 0.28,AME —AME 0.04,AME —ALE 0.06,AERW
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Fig.3Plexippoides subtristis sp.nov.
(A~C)Male palp of holotype;(D)and (E)Copulatory organ of female paratype.(A)Prolateral view;(B)Ventral view;(C)Retro -lateral view;(D)Epigyne,ventral view;(E)Vulva,dorsal view.Scale bars:0.1mm.
CA
E F
F
SD
RTA
RTA (C)
(B)
(A)
(D)(E)
CO
CD FD
1.71,PERW 1.68,EFL 1.08.Legs:Ⅰ4.64(1.50,1.81,0.73,0.60);Ⅱ4.23(1.46,1.53,0.69,0.55);Ⅲ4.95(1.80,1.71,0.79,0.65);Ⅳ5.22(1.81,1.71,1.05,0.65).Habitus (Fig.1F)similar to that of male except paler in color and the femur of legs Ⅰ,Ⅱwithout retrolateral dark stripes.Epigyne (Figs.3D,E)with anteriorly located copulatory openings merged into a circle.Copulatory ducts long,coiled compli -cated.Spermathecae almost round,the diameter about one and a half times the width of copulatory ducts.Fertilization ducts well -developed,lamellar,extending almost transversely.
Distribution.China (Hunan).
2.3Plexippoides tangi sp.nov.(Figs.1G~I,4)
Type material.Holotype ♂(HNU-200806-035),Huping Moutain National Nature Reserve (30°01′16.26″N,110°36′14.64″E,alt.950m),Hupingshan Township,Shimen County,Hunan Province,China,19—25June 2008,Guo Tang and Xiao-qi Mi leg.Paratypes.4♂6♀(HNU-200806-036—045),same data as holotype.Etymology.The specific name is a patronym in
honor of Dr.Guo Tang,one of the collectors of the new species.
Diagnosis.The new species resembles P.digi 原tatus Peng &Li,2002(see Peng &Li,2002[7]:717,Figs.1~4;Peng,Chen &Zhao,2004[8]:80,Figs.A~F;Zhu &Zhang,2011[9]:498,Figs.363A~C),but can be distinguished by:1)RTA extending above the level of the base of cymbial apophysis in ventral view (Fig.4A),versus below the level of the base of cymbial apophysis in P.digitatus ;2)RTA crossed with cym -bial apophysis at the base in ventral view (Fig.4A),whereas at the tip in P.digitatus ;3)epigyne with a distinct atrial anterior margin (Fig.4D),whereas ab -sent in P.digitatus ;4)copulatory openings slit -shaped (Fig.4D),whereas circular in P.digitatus .
Description.Male (holotype).TL 6.37.CL 3.03,CW 2.21.AL 3.10,AW 1.72.Eye sizes and inter -distances:AME 0.61,ALE 0.36,PLE 0.35,AME —AME 0.04,AME —ALE 0.05,AERW 2.15,PERW 1.99,EFL 1.10.Legs:Ⅰ6.19(1.85,2.41,1.16,0.77);
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第5期Fig.4Plexippoides tangi sp.nov.
(A~C)Male palp of holotype;(D)and (E)Copulatory organ of female paratype.(A)Ventral view;(B)Retrolateral view;(C)Dorsal view;(D)Epigyne,ventral view;(E)Vulva,dorsal view.Scale bars:0.1mm.
AM
E
F
RTA RTA
CA CA
SD
RTA
CA
CO
FD CD
(D)(E)
(B)
(C)
(A)王成等：中国拟蝇虎属3新种记述(蜘蛛目:跳蛛科)
Ⅱ5.80(1.81,2.27,1.04,0.68);Ⅲ6.90(2.26,2.24,
1.66,0.74);Ⅳ7.52(
2.37,2.55,1.82,0.78).Cepha-lothorax (Fig.1G)red-brown,with two pairs of dark brown radial markings on the thoracic area.Eyes field red to dark brown,with dense hairs on the anterior margin.Fovea longitudinal.Chelicerae with one retromarginal and two promarginal teeth.En -dites,labium and sternum (Fig.1H)bium tapering,the tip pale with dense hairs.Legs yellow.Abdomen (Figs.1G,H)elongated,dorsum with an irregular pale-yellow stripe running across the whole surface and bifurcated posteriorly,covered with
hairs;venter pale,with an irregular brown stripe appearing posteromedially.Palp (Figs.4A~C).Re-
trolateral apophysis tapered,the terminal curved dorsally and with a pointed tip almost directed to -wards 3:00o ’clock in retrolateral view.Cymbium broad and flattened,proximal -retrolaterally with a triangular apophysis mostly hidden by the retrolateral tibial apophysis in ventral view.Bulb round,with an
ear-like flap present at the position of 9:00o ’clock.Embolus slender,arising at 11:00o ’clock,circling with the distal end reaching to the cymbial tip.
Female (paratype,HNU-200806-040).TL 7.26.CL 2.89,CW 2.30.AL 3.99,AW 2.60.Eye sizes and interdistances:AME 0.73,ALE 0.44,PLE 0.37,AME —AME 0.05,AME —ALE 0.06,AERW 2.19,PERW 1.99,EFL 1.26.Legs:Ⅰ5.52(1.85,2.13,0.78,0.76);Ⅱ5.34(1.83,2.02,0.74,0.75);Ⅲ6.05(2.05,2.15,1.05,0.80);Ⅳ6.37(2.10,2.32,1.15,0.80).Habitus (Fig.1I)similar to that of male except paler in color.Epigyne (Figs.4D,E)with a pre-cur-ved atrial anterior margin and slit -like copulatory openings located medially.Copulatory ducts long,coiled,and forming several loops.Spermathecae long oval,the distance between them slightly less than the distance of copulatory openings.Fertiliza -tion ducts well-developed,knife-shaped,extending almost longitudinally.
Distribution.China (Hunan).
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Acknowledgments
Thank Guo Tang,Tian-jun Liu,Gao-tao Liu and Xing Kuang for collecting the specimens. References:
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