【英语备考】译林版中考英语阅读理解(含答案解析)

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Garrison had been treasuring his last piece. All he had left now was a sheet of the beautiful brown paper Pa had brought back from his last sailing trip.
"You've been quiet," Pa said, "Could I see your picture?"
Garrison handed over his sketch. Pa studied it, then looked at his son. "You're ten now, eh?" Garrison nodded, hoping Pa wouldn't say that he was too old to be fooling around with pencils and paper.
"When I was ten, I wanted to work on my father's ship," Pa said, "When Thomas was ten, he asked me to let him plant the corn."
Garrison's throat （嗓子）tightened. "I know I'm not like either of you." Pa looked at the drawing again.
"No, you are like both of us. You work hard, like Thomas. And you're like me, too. I have wandering feet, but you have a wandering mind. We need to see things differently.
Garrison frowned. "I'd rather love the land, like Thomas, or the sea…"
Pa patted his hand. "Thomas cares about our family very much-that's why he's worked so hard to bring us food. And my love for the sea makes good money. But there's more in life than food and money. There's happiness, for one. Does it make you happy to draw?"
Garrison nodded.
"And it makes me happy to look at your drawings. Not many folks can catch happiness on a piece of paper. Some might say drawing's a waste of time, but they don't understand how things are. Why, asking you to stop drawing like asking Thomas to stop farming, or me to stop going to sea. It would be like asking us to stop breathing, wouldn't it?"
Garrison considered this, then replied, "No, sir. Not quite like breathing. If I couldn't draw any more, it would be… like someone took away my voice." He hung his head. In his mind he could hear Thomas laughing, "It's not like you ever speak up, anyway."
But Pa patted his shoulder and said, "That would be a pure shame. Your voice is important, Garrison, whether it's out loud or on paper. And speaking of paper…" Pa smiled. "Take a look in my bag."
Garrison reached into the bag and found a sketchbook. For a moment he was speechless happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat. Then he managed to find his voice. "Oh, Pa-thank you."
（1）Why did Garrison's throat tighten?
A. Because he felt thirsty.
B. Because he felt very scared.
C. Because he knew he was not like Pa or Thomas.
D. Because he thought Pa would stop him drawing.
（2）When Garrison frowned, he most probably felt ________.
A. unhappy
B. worried
C. afraid
D. ashamed
（3）What can we infer from the passage about Garrison?
A. He lived in a big wealthy family.
B. He was his father's favourite son.
C. He would go on with his drawing.
D. He would learn to work on the farm.
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Garrison 的爸爸送给Garrison 一本素描书，让他继续绘画。

（1）细节题。

根据"When I was ten, I wanted to work on my father's ship," Pa said, "When Thomas was ten, he asked me to let him plant the corn."可知爸爸说自己10岁时在爷爷船上工作，Thomas10岁时学习种植玉米，所以他认为爸爸会阻止他绘画，故选D 。

（2）细节题。

根据前文可知Garrison 害怕爸爸不让他继续绘画，所以是担心的，故选B 。

（3）推断题。

根据Garrison reached into the bag and found a sketchbook. For a moment he was speechless happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat. Then he managed to find his voice. "Oh, Pa-thank you."看看爸爸送给他一本素描书，所以他继续绘画，故选C 。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。

①
Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesn't work.
Please help!
Grace
② You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350℉. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt. ③ Found
A
purple schoolbag. Found at the gate. Call Janet at 457-4611. ④
Telephone Message
From: Luke Sanger
To: Mr. Miller Message: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）. ⑤Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday. We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone ）
The experienced （for runners who can do
12miles or more ）
Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555-
3697.
A. office
B. mobile phone
C. printer
D. cake
（2）We may read Text ② in a ________.
A. cookbook
B. music magazine
C. weather report
D. story book
（3）Text ③ should be a ________.
A. thank-you note
B. letter
C. postcard
D. notice
（4）According to Text④, Luke Sanger should be ________ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29.
A. at home
B. in the office
C. on the plane
D. at the restaurant
（5）In Test ⑤, the running club members meet ________.
A. once a week
B. twice a week
C. once a month
D. twice a month
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。

（1）细节题。

根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C。

（2）推断题。

本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A。

（3）推断题。

本则内容是是失物招领，所以应该是通知，故选D。

（4）推断题。

根据 Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）.可知 Luke Sanger六月29日下午3点应该在他办公室里，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据 Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday.可知，跑步俱乐部成员每周三晚上7点见面，即一周见面一次，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

3．阅读理解
Once there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺） singing very beautifully.
One day, the emperor heard about this little bird's beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring her to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale's voice, he said, "Put her in a golden cage, so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her."
The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The bird could sing very beautifully too. The emperor was pleased.
Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted it to sing once again. But the robot bird could not sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.
After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished（爱戴） him for his love and kindness.
（1）Why did the little bird stop singing?
A. Because she was ill.
B. Because she was not free.
C. Because she was hungry.
D. Because she was too excited.
（2）What made the emperor become better and better?
A. The robot's beautiful voice.
B. His men's voice.
C. The little bird's nice dance.
D. The little bird's beautiful song.
（3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. A little nightingale lived in the emperor's beautiful garden.
B. The nightingale went on singing songs for the emperor after she was kept in a cage.
C. One day, the robot bird was broken and it couldn't sing.
D. The emperor gave up listening to songs after he got sick.
（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. If we keep a bird, we can enjoy the beautiful songs.
B. Don't make a robot because it can get broken easily.
C. A bird can help people get away from illness.
D. If we are kind to someone, he or she will be also kind to us.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了国王因为小夜莺动听的歌声把小鸟关在笼子里，结果小鸟难过不再唱歌，国王让科学家做了一只机器小鸟，一天机器小鸟也不唱歌了，国王病了，原来的小鸟唱了最动听的歌，国王变得越来越好了，并且变得对他的人民友好了。

（1）细节题。

根据The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day.可知小鸟被关在笼子里不高兴，所以停止唱歌，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.可知小鸟动听的歌曲让国王好起来，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺）singing very beautifully.可知小夜莺住在花园里，故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据全文可知国王在小夜莺的帮助下慢慢好起来，最终对人民友好，所以我们可以学到如果我们对他人友好，他人也会对我们友好，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws （吸管）, toothbrushes, toys—all kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in the world. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.
Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won't disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. It endangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.
Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions.
Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to use plastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people from using plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day. That's enough to circle the Earth twice. "Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a big difference," Diana Lofflin who started said. "'Do we really want to pass on to our children a world harmed by plastic?"
People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the first-ever spoon that people can eat. You don't have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes （分解）in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatable bag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones.
（1）According to the writer, birds die because they ________.
A. eat bottle caps and straws
B. get caught in fishing nets
C. feed on ocean animals
D. have the spoons in India
（2）The underlined word "endangers" in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. brings
B. loses
C. harms
D. saves
（3）The purpose of the passage is mainly to ________.
A. introduce some ways to recycle waste
B. tell readers about the problem with plastics
C. compare air pollution and plastic pollution
D. describe how the US is reducing plastic waste
（4）From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem ________.
A. is too big for people to solve
B. can be solved by recycling alone
C. can be solved, but it won't be easy
D. will have to be solved by future scientists
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍塑料对环境和人类和动物伤害。

各国政府意识到，回收利用可能不够。

人们找到了一些减少浪费的好方法。

印度的一家公司制造了第一个人们可以吃的勺子。

你不必吃勺子。

你可以扔掉它。

它在几天内就分解了。

哈佛大学的科学家大卫爱德华兹设计了一个可食的袋子，可以保护里面的食物或饮料。

很好吃的替代品。

（1）细节理解题。

根据Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. 可知鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic won't disappear itself. It will remain in the ocean forever. 可知塑料永久处在于海洋之中，部分自动分解，就会伤害到鲸鱼、鸟和海洋生物。

A：brings 带来；B：loses 损失；C：harms 伤害；D：saves拯救。

故选C。

（3）文章大意题。

根据文章大意告诉读者塑料对环境、人类和动物的伤害及解决的办法。

故选B。

（4）推理判断题。

根据By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.和 Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough.及You can throw it away. It decomposes （分解） in just a few days. It is a delicious replacement 可知塑料问题可以解决，但不是很容易的事情，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
Do stars only appear at night? The answer is no .Venus （金星） is the one and only star that can be seen in the daytime. It shone at its brightest in the night sky on February 17th, 2017.
Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system. It is the second brightest natural object, behind Earth's moon, in the night sky. Why is it so bright?
First of all, Venus is the closest planet to Earth. It is also covered by highly reflective （反射的）clouds, which can reflect about 70 percent of the sunlight striking（照射） it, almost twice as much as Earth does.
Some called 2017 the year of Venus, because the planet is at its brightest when it goes further away from the sun, and nearer to Earth. The brightest moment happened once in February, and happened again, during daylight, on April 30th.
If Venus is so bright and close to us, isn't it a better choice for human exploration than Mars? It is closer to Earth than Mars and it's closer to Earth in size. The closer distance to the sun means solar power would be easier to generate （产生） as well.
However, with a temperature of about 465℃on the surface, Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system!
But scientists never give up. Recently, a team of NASA and Russian scientists created new computer equipment that can stand the temperature of 480℃. It can work under Venus-like conditions for almost 22 days.
The next step, according to the scientists, is to send a probe（探测器）to Venus by 2025.（1）Which of the following about Venus is NOT true?
A. It's the only star that can be seen in the daytime.
B. It's the second planet from the sun.
C. It's the brightest natural object in the night sky.
D. It's the closest planet to Earth.
（2）Venus is at its brightest when .
A. it can reflect about 35 percent of the sunlight
B. it goes further away from the sun and nearer to Earth
C. it is closest to the sun and furthest from Earth
D. the dates are February 17th and April 30th every year
（3）What makes Venus a worse place for human exploration than Mars?
A. The closer distance to Earth.
B. The similar size to Earth.
C. Too much solar power to use.
D. The extremely high temperature.
（4）According to the last two paragraphs, the new computer equipment .
a. was created by some UK scientists
b. can stand the temperature of 480℃
c. can work for about 22 days under Venus-like conditions
d. will be sent to Venus by 2025
A. ab
B. bc
C. cd
D. ad
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是金星是唯一一颗在白天可以看到的星星。

今年2月17日，它在夜空中最亮。

金星是太阳的第二颗行星。

在夜空中，它是地球月亮后面第二亮的自然物体。

为什么这么亮？首先，金星是离地球最近的行星。

它也被高度反射的云层覆盖，这些云层可以反射大约70%的阳光，几乎是地球的两倍。

它比火星里地球近。

金星是太阳系最热的行星。

科学家从未放弃研究金星。

到2025年科学家将发射探测器到金星。

（1）细节理解题。

根据 It is the second brightest natural object, behind Earth's moon, in the night sky. 在夜空中，它是第二最亮的自然体，可知选项C叙述和文章不符，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据Some called 2017 the year of Venus, because the planet is at its brightest when it goes further away from the sun, and nearer to Earth. 一些人称2017年是金星年，因为这个行星最亮了当它远离太阳，离地球较近时。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据 However, with a temperature of about 465℃on the surface, Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system! 然而，它表面的温度是465度，金星是太阳系最热的行星。

可知是它的高温使得它比火星更难探索。

故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

根据Recently, a team of NASA and Russian scientists created new computer equipment that can stand the temperature of 480℃. It can work under Venus-like conditions for almost 22 days.和according to the scientists, is to send a probe（探测器）to Venus by 2025.可知b,c，d三点的叙述是正确的，故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

这个题是细节理解题。

我们先分析问题，弄清问题所在，然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的句子，然后选择正确选项，最后再次阅读短文，进行核查，确定正确答案。

6．阅读理解
The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to be, began as a sweet one that later sourced. Two sisters, Mildred Hill, a teacher at the Louisville, Kentucky Experimental Kindergarten, and Dr. Patty Hill, the headmaster of the same school, together wrote a song for the children,
called Good Morning to All. As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist（风琴师）for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.
The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.Thirty-one years later, after Dr. Patty Hill became the head of the Department of Kindergarten Education at Columbia University's Teacher College, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song, without the sisters'permission. What was worse, he added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.
Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared. Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song, had altogether replaced the sisters' original title Good Morning to All.
After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court（法庭）, they proved that they, indeed, owned the melody（曲调）. The court finally decided that the family legally（合法地）owns the song, whenever it is sung for commercial purposes（商业目的）.
（1）The underlined words "that later sourced" in the first paragraph means .
A. the song later had an unhappy story
B. the song was later used for commercial purposes
C. the words of the song were totally changed by others
D. the song didn't become popular after years of its birth
（2）What made the song Good Morning to All a success?
A. Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse.
B. Mildred's passion and Patty's years of hard work.
C. Mildred and Patty's love and patience for children.
D. Mildred's musical talents and Patty's educational experiences.
（3）Which is the right order of the following events?
a. Good Morning to All was published.
b. Mr. Coleman was taken to court.
c. A second verse was added to Good Morning to All.
d. Happy Birthday to You became very popular.
e. Mr. Coleman published the song.
A. adceb
B. aecdb
C. acedb
D. acebd
（4）What is the passage mainly about?
A. The addition of a famous song.
B. The origin of a famous song.
C. The life of Mr. Coleman.
D. The life of the Hill sisters.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意： Happy Birthday to You 这首歌的由来。

（1）词义推断题。

根据文中的语句The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to
be, began as a sweet one that later sourced.可知，一开始是件令人愉快的事，到后来就变了味，令人很扫兴。

故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist （风琴师） for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.可知，米尔德里德将她的音乐天赋与她姐姐在幼儿园教育领域的知识结合起来，使Good Morning to All 这首歌变得非常成功，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。

根据The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.可知，第一是a；根据语句 What was worse, he added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.可知，第二个是c；根据a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song可知，第三个是e；根据文中的语句Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared.可知，第四个是d；根据文中的语句After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court可知，第五个是B，因此顺序为acedb，故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。

通读全文语句可知，此文主要介绍了Happy Birthday to You的由来，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

7．阅读理解
School is a good place for us to study. Yet sometimes, it's easy for us to have accidents there. Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. Here are parts of safety rules in some countries.
In China, fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term.
In Japan, public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month. They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing.
Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor. A fire escape has platforms（露台） with ladders（梯子）.
In many middle schools in the UK, students can choose to take a bicycle course. There, they learn how to ride to school safely.
A. it is easy
B. it could avoid most of these accidents
C. it is interesting
D. it is accepted by the teachers
（2）If there is a fire, Chinese students should go to the playground hurriedly _______. A. with a wet cloth covering their mouth B. by using ladders
C. by bike
D. by pushing each other
（3）This passage mainly talks about _______.
A. how to escape from earthquakes
B. how to put out the fire
C. some school safety rules in some countries
D. a bicycle course
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：校园是学习的地方，也是事故高发地，短文介绍了几个国家有关学校的安全规则。

（1）细节理解题，根据Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents.可知接受正确的安全训练，可以避免大部分的事故。

故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term.可知，在中国，火灾发生的时候，学生应该用湿毛巾捂住嘴迅速跑到操场，故答案是A。

（3）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，短文主要介绍了介个国家的学校安全规则，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和主旨大意题，细节理解题一般可直接从文中找到答案，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章的中心，选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
This August, we'll welcome guests from all over the world. Some of them follow their own special cultural traditions. It's important for us to know about them.
In many countries, such as Thailand, India and Malaysia, people believe that the left hand is unclean. So, it's not proper to use one's left hand to hold food, touch others or pass objects. Doing so may offend some guests.
Some Westerners may be offended if you touch them or their personal things-even by accident. If this happens, say sorry politely.
Some elderly Westerners may be offended if you try to help them without their agreement.
People think numbers can be lucky or unlucky. Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky.
Muslims（穆斯林）do not eat pork, and words like pigs are not considered proper.
People from Brazil, Italy and Pakistan do not give handkerchiefs（手帕）as gifts. They believe a handkerchief is closely connected with unhappy feelings.
Wine is not sent as a gift in many parts of western and middle Asia, where most Muslims live. （1）Indians don't hold food with the left hand because they consider it _____.
A. unclean
B. useless
C. valueless
D. unimportant
（2）The word "offend" in the second paragraph might mean"______".
A. honor
B. help
C. hate
D. hurt
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People from Pakistan like to send handkerchiefs as gifts.
B. All the elderly people in the West like being helped by others.
C. The number 13 is thought to be unlucky by some Westerners.
D. Westerners do not mind their personal things being touched.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. lucky numbers.
B. Traditional food.
C. Culture differences.
D. Hands and handkerchiefs.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了世界各地的独特的文化传统。

（1）细节题。

根据In many countries, such as Thailand, India and Malaysia, people believe that the left hand is unclean可知，印度人不会用左手拿食物，因为他们认为食物不干净，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据So, it's not proper to use one's left hand to hold food, touch others or pass objects所以，用左手拿食物、触摸别人或传递物品是不合适的，可知offend，冒犯，故是hurt，伤害的意思，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky 可知，一些西方人认为数字13不吉利正确，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据本文介绍了世界各地的独特的文化传统，可知 Culture differences文化差异是合适的标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解
Please Take my Children to Work Day（PTCW Day） first began as a holiday for hard-working and tired stay-at-home mothers to take a day off. Now, this day is fit for any parent. It was created in 2003 and is celebrated each year on June 25, but it isn't a public holiday. It encourages friends and family to take care of the children so that the stay-at-home parent can have some time to relax.
Kamehameha Day is held on June 11 each year. Kamehameha the Great was the monarch（君主） of Hawaii. He is famous and respected for establishing（建立） the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1810.Kamehameha Day is a public holiday in Hawaii, and this is a day off for people School and most businesses are closed.
D-Day is celebrated in the U.S. to memorize the Normandy landings in France on June 6, 1944. On the day, American army and other Allied forces（盟军） fought hard and the World War Ⅱ
（WWⅡ） in Europe was over soon. It is not a public holiday. Businesses have normal opening hours.
Flag Day is celebrated on June 14 each year to honor the United States flag. On the same day, the United States Army celebrates its birthday. Although Flag Day is a great celebration across the country, it is not a public holiday.
（1）If you are a stay﹣at﹣home parent, what can you do to relax on PTCW Day？
A. Take a day off.
B. Go to work earlier.
C. Look after children.
D. Do some housework.（2）Which is a public holiday？
A. PTCW Day.
B. Kamehameha Day.
C. D﹣Day.
D. Flag Day.（3）When is the United States Amy's birthday？
A. On June 6.
B. On June 11.
C. On June 14.
D. On June 25.
（4）What can we know about D﹣Day？
A. It is celebrated in France.
B. The WWⅡ ended before 1944.
C. Businesses are closed for it.
D. The Normandy landings happened in 1944.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：本文分别讲述了Work Day, Kamehameha Day, D﹣Day和Flag Day 等节日时间，以及它们的意义。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一句Please Take my Children to Work Day（PTCW Day）first began as a holiday for hard﹣working and tired stay-at-home mothers to take a day off. "带孩子工作日"（PTCW日）最初是作为一个在家里劳累的妈妈们休息一天的节日。

可知，这一天妈妈们可以休息一天，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第二段Kamehameha Day is held on June 11 each year. Kamehameha Day is a public holiday in Hawaii，and this is a day off for people School.卡美哈美哈日每年6月11日举行。

卡美哈美哈日是夏威夷的公共假日，这是人民学校的休息日。

可知，卡美哈美哈日是个公共假期，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据最后一段Flag Day is celebrated on June 14 each year to honor the United States flag On the same day，the United States Army celebrates its birthday，国旗日是每年6月14日庆祝美国国旗的同一天，美国陆军庆祝其生日，可知，美国陆军是6月14日，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第三段D-Day is celebrated in the U. S. to memorize the Normandy landings in France on June 6，1944.1944年6月6日，在美国庆祝诺曼底登陆日，纪念诺曼底登陆法国。

可知，诺曼底登陆是在1944年，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题要从文中寻找答案。

10．阅读理解
Some researchers explain how most people form their social groups with people of their age. Especially, as children and teenagers, even adults, people make their friends based on proximity （邻近）more than anything else. Even in a college classroom, the students may not make friends with those who have similar personalities and interests. It's the people they really sit next to. Clearly, who stands to you has the greatest influence on you. As Jim Rohn has widely said. "You are average （平均） of five people you spend the most little with."
Over the past ten months, I've paid Ryan, it Famous writer of several bestselling books, to help with the book I'm writing. Working with him has shown me just how low my standards for my work are. For example, every time I send him a drab （草稿）, he shows me how it could be 10 times better, and he holds me to that standard.
▲ It's because that I don't know what I don't know. Working with Ryan has made me realize what is possible and what it takes to create something powerful.
Like Ryan, my business partner Richard has wonderful ideas and far different experience than I have. He has written 36 New York Times Bestsellers. He's been speaking and doing events for 20 years. Richard always performs at high levels, and he is also very strict with me because my performance is a reflection （反映） on him. It's not a bad thing because it creates high pressure （压力） to help me make great progress in organizing author training.
In a word, you need to stay with those people who can help you realize your level and potential. Staying with people who have higher standards is the fastest way for you to change. If you don't change your environment, your progress will be very slow. Who you stay with has huge importance. You can't ignore this.
（1）Why did the writer quote （引用） Jim Rohn's words in Paragraph 1?
A. To support the writer's opinion.
B. To introduce the writer's best friend.
C. To show Jim Rohn's working ability.
D. To prove Jim Rohn is a great person.
（2）Which of the following can be put at the beginning of Paragraph 3?
A. It's not that my workmates' abilities are low.
B. It's not that my working ability was born low.
C. It's not that' e friends based on proximity.
D. It's not that I've paid Ryan to help me with my book.
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to （指代）?
A. The writer's performance.
B. Jim Rohn's famous saying.
C. Richard's different experience.
D. Richard's strictness with the writer.
（4）The writer mainly wants to tell us that ________________.
A. we can improve our working abilities by ourselves
B. we must pay attention to our talent and potential
C. we'd better make friends with those who can hold us to higher levels
D. we should stay with those who have similar personalities and interests
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D。