五年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)

部编五年级小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。

一、读一读，然后选一选
这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last!
Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”
And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third
( ) 2. Carlos brings some一． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups
( ) 3． brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( ) 1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( ) 2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( ) 3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( ) 4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题
这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：
1．There are seven.
2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.
3.Sunday.
4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空
该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画
该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her'
l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

分析
短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解读对话，判断句子正误。

T=Tom A=Anne
T：Excuse me.
A: Yes?
T: My pen is broken. Can I use your pen, please?
A: Yes, I have two pens. Here you are.
T: Thank you very much! And do you have a ruler?
A: Yes.
T: Can I use your ruler?
A: No, I'm sorry. I have only one! Please remember(记得）to bring your pencil box next time.（1）Anne has two pens.
（2）Tom wants to borrow a pen from Anne.
（3）Tom gets a ruler from Anne.
（4）Tom doesn't bring his pencil box.
（5）Anne doesn't bring her pencil box.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：安妮和汤姆之间的对话，汤姆没有带铅笔盒，想要从安妮那里借文具。

（1）句意：安妮有两支钢笔。

根据 A: Yes, I have two pens. 可知妮有两支钢笔。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：汤姆想从安妮那里借支钢笔。

根据T: My pen is broken. Can I use your pen, please? 可知汤姆想从安妮那里借支钢笔。

故答案为正确。

（3）句意：汤姆从安妮那里得到一把尺子。

根据T: Can I use your ruler?A: No, I'm sorry. I have only one!可知安妮有一把尺子，她没有借。

故答案为错误。

（4）句意：汤姆没有带铅笔盒。

根据 A: No, I'm sorry. I have only one! Please remember to bring your pencil box next time. 可知汤姆没有带铅笔盒。

故答案为正确。

（5）句意：安妮没有带铅笔盒。

根据A: No, I'm sorry. I have only one! Please remember to bring your pencil box next time. 可知安妮带铅笔盒，汤姆没有带铅笔盒。

故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

3．阅读理解阅读理解
A French student goes to London for his holiday. He knows a little English, but he can't speak very well.
One day he goes to a restaurant. He wants to have some eggs, but he can't remember the English word for "egg". He looks around and sees a picture of hen. He shows the picture to the waiter. "What do you call her children?" he asks. "Chicks, sir." "And what do you call chicks before they're born." "Eggs, sir." "Very well," says the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of milk."
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

（1）The French student knows ________ English.
A. a little
B. much
C. a lot of
（2）In the restaurant, the French student wants to have ________.
A. some hens
B. some eggs
C. some chicks
（3）He shows ________ to the waiter.
A. a picture
B. a chick
C. a dog
（4）What does the student order at last (最后)?
A. Two chickens.
B. Two eggs and a cup of milk.
C. Two eggs and a cup of coffee
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个懂一点英语的法国学生去伦敦度假，在餐厅点菜的故事。

（1）根据 He knows a little English, but he can't speak very well. 可知法国学生懂一点英语，故答案为A.
（2）根据 He wants to have some eggs, but he can't remember the English word for "egg". 可知在餐厅里那个法国学生想吃鸡蛋。

，故答案为B.
（3）根据 He shows the picture to the waiter. 可知他给服务员看了一张照片，故答案为A.（4）根据 "Very well," says the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of milk." 可知学生最后点两个鸡蛋和一杯牛奶，故答案为B.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
Last year, we went to Beijing. We went to Tian'anmen Square. It is very big. Then, we went to the Great Wall. The Great Wall is over 2,000 years old. We also went to the Palace Museum. It's the largest museum in China. We had a good time. We want to go there again.
（1）We went to Beijing last week.
（2）We went to the Great Wall first.
（3）Tian'anmen Square is in Beijing.)
（4）The Palace Museum is the largest museum in China.
（5）We had a good time.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）1
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了去年我们去了北京参观了天安门广场，长城和故宫博物院。

（1）句意：我们上周去了北京。

根据Last year, we went to Beijing. 可知去年我们去了北京，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：我们先去了长城。

根据We went to Tian'anmen Square. Then, we went to the Great Wall. 可知我们先去了天安门广场，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：天安门广场在北京。

根据 Last year, we went to Beijing. We went to Tian'anmen Square. 可知天安门广场在北京，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：故宫博物院是中国最大的博物馆。

根据 We also went to the Palace Museum. It's the largest museum in China. 可知故宫博物院是中国最大的博物馆，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：我们玩得很开心。

根据 We had a good time. 可知我们玩得很开心，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

5．阅读理解阅读判断。

ZhangLei is my friend . He is a student . He is eleven .He lives in Shanghai . I often send postcards to him , and write an e-mail on a computer to him every week . I bought a present for him yesterday . It's a book about computer . I send it to him today . I think he can like it .
（1）ZhangLei is my friend .
（2）ZhangLei is twelve .
（3）I write an e-mail on a computer to him every day .
（4）I bought a book for ZhangLei yesterday .
（5）I think ZhangLei can like this book .
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：介绍我的好朋友张磊以及与他的日常联系。

（1）题干句意是张磊是我的好朋友。

根据ZhangLei is my friend可知，张磊确实是我的好朋友。

故选正确。

（2）题干句意是张磊是12岁。

根据He is a student . He is eleven可知，张磊是11岁。

故选
错误。

（3）题干句意是我每天使用电脑给他写电子邮件。

根据write an e-mail on a computer to him every week可知，主人公每周写电子邮件给他。

故选错误。

（4）题干句意是我昨天给张磊买了一本书。

根据 I bought a present for him yesterday . It's a book about computer 可知，主人公昨天确实给张磊买了一本书。

故选正确。

（5）题干句意是我认为张磊能喜欢这本书。

根据It's a book about computer . I send it to him today . I think he can like it 可知，主人公确实希望这本有关于电脑的书籍张磊会喜欢。

故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

首先通读全文，了解大意。

其次阅读问题，根据题干信息，找出相关语句进行判断。

6．阅读理解阅读理解。

Lovely pandas' faces look like cats', but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears'. Pandas are very lovely and they are friendly to people. People likes them very much. Most Pandas live in China. The northwestern part of Sichuan Province(省）and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. Pandas like to climb trees. They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.
（1）The panda mainly lives in _________.
A. America
B. Shanghai
C. London
D. China （2）_________ is like a cat's.
A. The panda
B. The panda's face
C. The panda's body
D. The panda's tail （3）Where are the pandas' hometowns?
A. Guangdong and Gansu.
B. Sichuan and Suzhou.
C. Gansu and Sichuan
D. Hubei and Sichuan
（4）What's the panda's main food?
A. Rice.
B. Meat.
C. Bamboo.
D. Gras s
（5）The pandas live in the _________.
A. forest
B. River
C. countries
D. cities 【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了大熊猫的外貌，居住地，喜好。

（1）根据 Most Pandas live in China. 可知大多数熊猫主要生活在中国。

故答案为D.
（2）根据 Lovely pandas' faces look like cats', but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears'. 可知可爱的大熊猫的脸看起来像猫。

故答案为B.
（3）根据 The northwestern part of Sichuan Province and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. 可知大多数熊猫家乡在四川省和甘肃省。

故答案为C.
（4）根据 They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water. 可知熊猫喜欢吃竹子。

故答案为C.
（5）根据They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.可知熊猫通常生活在高山的森林里。

故答案为A.
【点评】题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。