职称英语(综合类)A级模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

职称英语（综合类）A级模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空
词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．Mary has blended the ingredients.
A．mixed
B．made
C．cooked
D．eaten
正确答案：A
2．They agreed to modify their policy.
A．clarify
B．change
C．define
D．develop
正确答案：B
3．The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.
A．play
B．send
C．show
D．tell
正确答案：C
4．A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.
A．extremely
B．considerably
C．remarkably
D．completely
正确答案：C
5．The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.
A．take out
B．repair
C．pull
D．dig
正确答案：A
6．It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow. A．ridiculous
B．funny
C．odd
D．foolish
正确答案：A
7．A lot of people could fall iii after drinking contaminated water. A．muddled
B．polluted
C．mixed
D．troubled
正确答案：B
8．The room is dim and quiet.
A．tiny
B．pleasant
C．dark
D．agreeable
正确答案：C
9．The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity. A．measure
B．opinion
C．evaluation
D．decision
正确答案：A
10．It’s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first. A．workable
B．sensible
C．possible
D．feasible
正确答案：B
11．He is renowned for his skill.
A．remembered
B．recommended
C．praised
D．well-known
正确答案：D
12．You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position.
A．maintain
B．establish
C．acquire
D．support
正确答案：A
13．She stood there, trembling with fear.
A．jumping
B．crying
C．swaying
D．shaking
正确答案：D
14．Medical facilities are being upgraded.
A．renewed
B．repaired
C．improved
D．increased
正确答案：C
15．Mary looked pale and weary.
A．gloomy
B．ugly
C．silly
D．exhausted
正确答案：D
阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请
选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

The Science of PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leader’s essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it’s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. It’s sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it’s self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it’s scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.
16．Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Net mentioned
正确答案：B
17．People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：A
18．Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：C
19．There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：B
20．Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：B
21．There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：C
22．Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：A
概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题；(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Messages from the Media1. The weather forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural (复数的) form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Examples of media are television, radio, newspapers and books and the telephone. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media.2. It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for example. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisements are important messages, even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate products.3. Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think, for a moment, about how you learn about local news
and events. Do you depend on other people or the media? What about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, “Television.”4. Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards (露天广告牌) on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication--a book.5. We use the information we get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media to make decisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about questions of war and peace.
A Importance of Classroom Learning
B Television -- A Rich Source of Information
C Advertisements as Important Messages from the Mass Media
D Various Messages One May Receive Each Day
E Media -- Means to Communicate Messages
F Importance of the Mass Media
23．Paragraph 2 ______.
正确答案：C
*
24．Paragraph 3 ______.
正确答案：B
*
25．Paragraph 4 ______.
正确答案：D
*
26．Paragraph 5 ______.
正确答案：F
A sports news
B our decisions and opinions
C mass communication
D our messages
E source of information
F the mass media
27．Each day we get a lot of messages from ______.
正确答案：F
*
28．Television, radio and books are all important media of ______.
正确答案：C
*
29．For most people television is the most important ______.
正确答案：E
*
30．The mass media are important to us because they shape ______.
正确答案：B
阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题选1个最佳选项。

V olcanoesThere are thousands of volcanoes (火山) all over the world. What makes volcanoes? What happens?The inside of the earth is very hot. Because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice. It has become liquid, like water. It is always boiling, like water in a kettle. If you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out. The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out. Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak. Sometimes a crack appears. The hot melted rock, which we call “lava”(熔岩), pushes out through the crack and bursts through. Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out. Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.After a while the volcano becomes quiet again. The melted lava becomes hard. Later the same thing happens again and again. Each time more hot lava. pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard. In this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle. Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet. Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.Vesuvius is the name of a very famous volcano in Italy. It first came to life many, many years ago. It was quiet for hundreds of years. Then in the year 79 it suddenly burst, a great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks. Hot lava poured down its sides. About 3,000 people were killed.This has happened again many times since that year. Sometimes no damage was caused, or only little damage. But there was serious damage in the years 472, 1631, 1794, 1861, 1872 and 1906. You can see that a volcano can stay alive for many years. There was also serious damage in 1914 but there has not been any since that year.
31．According to the passage, a volcano sends out
A．boiling water.
B．boiled water.
C．melted rock.
D．melted ice.
正确答案：C
32．Lava bursts out where there is
A．a crack in the earth.
B．a mountain by the sea.
C．a big fire.
D．steam and gas.
正确答案：A
33．When lava cools, it becomes
A．liquid.
B．water.
C．smoke.
D．hard.
正确答案：D
34．According to the passage, Vesuvius has caused serious damage
A．six times.
B．seven times.
C．eight times.
D．nine times.
正确答案：C
35．The phrase “stay alive” in the last paragraph can best be replaced by
A．burst out.
B．remain active.
C．come to life.
D．throw out lava.
正确答案：B
LaughterThere is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine”. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people’s health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles, It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of
students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain.There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system, that is, the system which fights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group - in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection.As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学家) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
36．We learn from the first paragraph that laughter
A．is good for one’s health.
B．is related to some illness.
C．has been investigated long since.
D．has no effect on the body.
正确答案：A
37．Doctors have found that laughter
A．keeps down blood pressure.
B．has similar effects to physical exercise.
C．decreases the heart rate.
D．increases stress.
正确答案：B
38．Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter, according to the passage?
A．It reduces pain.
B．It exercises the body.
C．It improves the body’s immune system.
D．It can cure cancer.
正确答案：D
39．In a laughter clinic, doctors
A．laugh at their patients.
B．encourage their patients to laugh.
C．smile when they don’t feel like laughing.
D．never stop laughing.
正确答案：B
40．The writer’s attitude towards laughter is
A．critical.
B．doubtful.
C．positive.
D．negative.
正确答案：C
The Street Violinist (小提琴手)I got up and dressed, stuck my violin under my jacket, and went out into the streets to try my luck. I wandered about for an hour, looking for a likely spot, feeling as though I were about to commit a crime. Then I stopped at last under a bridge near the station and decided to have a try.I felt tense and nervous. It was the first time, after all. I drew the violin from under my coat like a gun. It was here, in Southampton, with trains rattling (咔嗒咔嗒地行驶) overhead, that I was about to declare myself. One moment I was part of the hurrying crowds, the next I stood apart, my back to the wall, my hat on the pavement before me, the violin under my chin.The first notes (音符) I played’were loud and raw, like a declaration of protest, then they settled down and began to run more smoothly and to stay more or less in tune. To my surprise I was neither arrested nor told to shut up. Indeed, nobody took any notice at all. Then an old man, without stopping, surreptitiously (偷偷摸摸地) tossed a penny into my hat as though getting rid of some guilty evidence.I worked the streets of Southampton for several days, gradually acquiring the truths of the trade by trial and error. It was not a good thing, for instance, to let the hat fill up with money - the sight could discourage the patron: nor was it wise to empty it completely, which could also confuse him; giving him no hint as to where to drop his money. Placing a couple of pennies in the hat to start the thing going soon became a regular ritual, making sure, between tunes, to hide most of the earnings, but always leaving two pennies behind.Old ladies were most generous, and so were women with children, shopgirls, typists and barmaids (酒吧女招待). As for the men: heavy drinkers were always willing listeners and so were big guys with muscles. But never a man with a gentleman’s hat, briefcase or dog:’ respectable types were the meanest of all. Except for retired army officers, who would yell “Why aren’t you working, young man?” and then toss some money into the hat to hide their confusion.
41．How long did the author wander about in the streets before he stopped under a bridge?
A．A day.
B．An hour
C．All morning
D．All afternoon.
正确答案：B
42．The first time the author played the violin in the street, he expected
A．he would become a great musician.
B．he would get into trouble.
C．people would be happy to give him money.
D．people would stop and listen.
正确答案：B
43．The first person who gave him money
A．was an old lady.
B．stopped and listened for a while.
C．dropped the money by mistake.
D．didn’t want to be noticed.
正确答案：D
44．According to the author, what is the best way to encourage people to give a street violinist money?
A．To wear an attractive hat.
B．To fill up the hat with money.
C．To leave a couple of pennies in the hat.
D．To empty the hat completely.
正确答案：C
45．The retired army officers gave him money
A．to show they were most generous.
B．to show they were most respectable.
C．to hide their confusion.
D．to show they were rich.
正确答案：C
补全短文(第46-50，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

46．Why Would They Falsely Confess?Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn’t seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police interrogation (审讯) room.Under the right conditions, people’s minds are susceptible (易受影响的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings
(盘问) is enormous.(46)”The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it’s impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn’t do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess.”Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do.(47)The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the “alt” key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.Redlich’s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed.(48)Of the 15- to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12- to 13-year-olds.”There’s no question that young people are more at risk,”says Saul Kassin, a psychology professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results.(49)Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire “interrogation”in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation—not hours of aggressive questioning—and still, most participants falsely confessed.Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.(50)A.In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the “alt” key, because doing so would crash the systems.B.”In some ways,”says Kassin, “false confession becomes a rational decision.”C.”It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental (牙齿的)drill,”says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.D.”But adults are highly vulnerable too.”E. How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn’t do?F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.
正确答案：C
47．
正确答案：A
48．
正确答案：F
49．
正确答案：D
50．
正确答案：B
完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，
请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

51．Man of Few WordsEveryone chases success, but not all of us want to be famous.South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is(51)for keeping himself to himself. When the 63-year-old was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature earlier this month, reporters were warned that they would find him “particularly difficult to(52)”.Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the University of Chicago. He seemed(53)by the news that he won the US$1.3 million prize. “It came as a complete surprise. I wasn’t even aware they were due to make the announcement,” he said.His(54)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend the prize-giving in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10.But despite being described as(55)to track down, the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know.Born in Cape Town, South Africa, to an English-speaking family, Coetzee(56)his breakthrough in 1980 with the novel “Waiting for the Barbarians (野蛮人)”,He(57)his place among the world’s leading writers with two Booker prize victories, Britain’s highest honour for novels. He first(58)in 1983 for the “Life and Times of Michael K”, and his second title came in 1999 for “Disgrace”‘.A major theme in his work is South Africa’s former apartheid (种族隔离) system, which divided whites from blacks.(59)with the problems of violence, crime and racial division that still exist in the country, his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid(60)within.”I have always been more interested in the past than the future,”he said in a rare interview. “The past(61)its shadow over the present. I hope I have made one or two people think(62)about whether they want to forget the past completely.”In fact this purity in his writing seems to be(63)in his personal life. Coetzee is a vegetarian, a cyclist rather than a motorist and doesn’t drink alcohol.But what he has(64)to literature, culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up. “in looking at weakness and failure in life,”the Nobel prize judging panel said, “Coetzee’s work(65)the divine (神圣的) spark in man.”
A．looked after
B．well known
C．locked
D．protected
正确答案：B
52．
A．catch
B．hold
C．run into
D．bump into
正确答案：A
53．
A．reported B．influenced C．distorted D．shocked
正确答案：D
54．
A．like B．devotion C．love D．attraction 正确答案：C
55．A．difficult B．easy C．ready D．complex 正确答案：A
56．A．forced B．made C．caused D．did
正确答案：B
57．A．gave B．listed C．took D．arranged 正确答案：C
58．A．received B．obtained C．won D．had
正确答案：C
59．A．Dealing B．Handling C．Solving D．Removing
正确答案：A
60．
A．in B．out
C．of D．from
正确答案：D
61．A．covers B．displays C．spreads D．casts
正确答案：D
62．A．once B．twice C．three times D．four times 正确答案：B
63．A．written B．hidden C．mirrored D．stricken
正确答案：C
64．
A．contributed B．distributed C．attributed D．showed
正确答案：A 65．
A．tells B．says C．informs D．expresses 正确答案：D。