独立主格与with结构

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3)如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
4)工作完成后,我们才回家。 This done, we went home.
5)会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。 The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.
2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时, 则该用宾格代词。如:
He could not finish it without me
to help him.
My little son can not sleep without
me to company.
1. with结构在句子中的位置:
表示时间
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容 词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓 关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句 分开。
例如:1)考试结束了,我们开始放假。
The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our h oliday. 2)总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. . = After the president was assassinated, the w hole country was in deep sorrow.
B. faces
C. faced
D. being faced
4. They pretended to be working hard all night
with their lights____.
A. burn
B. burnt
C. burning
D. to burn
Translate the Chinese in brackets into English to complete the sentence.
3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。
(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)
4、He could not finish it without me to help him. (without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语)
4. with结构与独立主格结构的关系:
独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代 替,而with结构较口语化,较常用。例如:
1. There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+复合宾语"结构,在句中作 定语)
2. A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名词+现在分词构成的独立主格 结构,作主语)
5、She fell asleep with the light burning. (with+名词+现在分词 ,作伴随状语)
6、Without anything left in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat.
(without+代词+过去分词,作为原 因状语)
1._W__it_h__a_l_o_t_o_f_w_o_r_k__t_o_d_o_(有很多工作要做),I couldn't go to see the doctor.
2. She sat__w__it_h__h_e_r_h_e_a_d__b_e_n_t_____(低着头)。
3. The day was bright__w_i_th__a__fr_e_s_h_b_r_e_e_z_e_b_l_o_w_i_n_g (微风吹拂).
with结构具有上述功能和特点,而"介词 with+名词或代词(组)"组成的一般的with短 语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时,它 能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、 伴随和条件。在一般的with短语中,with后面 所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主 谓关系。
4. with结构与独立主格结构பைடு நூலகம்关系:
一、 with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构 成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾 语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词 充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介 词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以 是现在分词,也可以是过去分词 。
with 的复 合结 构
1. With nothing _______to burn,the fire became
weak and finally died out.
A. leaving
B. left
C. leave
D. to leave
2. The girl sat there quite silent and still with her
作状语
表示原因 表示条件
句首 用逗号隔开
表示方式 表示伴随
句末 不用逗号隔开
作定语
放在被修饰词之后,不用逗号隔开
2. with结构作状语时,不定式、现在分词 、
和过去分词的区别 :
现在分词
表示正在发生的 或已发生的动作
主动
作状语 不定式
表示将要发生的 动作
过去分词 表示被动或完成
With the boy leading the way,we found he house
w_i_th__s_o_m__e_f_lo_w__er_s__in__th__ei_r_h_a_n__d_s__. 3)My mother is ill,so I won't be able to go on holiday.
_w__it_h_m__y__m_o_t_h_e_r_b_e_i_n_g__il_l _______.
2. From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.
3. A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.
eyes _______on the wall.
A. fixing
B. fixed
C. to be fixing D. to be fixed
3. I live in the house with its door _________to the
south.(这里with结构作定语)
A. facing
1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构 构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分在语 法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上, 却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部 分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。 如:
With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)

感 谢 阅
读感 谢 阅

easily.
(小男孩已领过路)
With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow. (小男孩明天将领路)
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.
(寝室被关着)
3. with结构与一般的with短语的区别:
(一) 在句子中with结构多数充当状语, 表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。 如:
He lay in the dark empty house, with not a man,woman or child to say.
(with+名词+不定式,作 伴随状语)
(二) With结构在句中也可以作定语。如: 1. I like eating the moon cakes with eggs.
6)他回到了房子里,耳朵冻红了。 He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
7)他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆。 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
8)史密斯先生在看报纸,双脚浸在盆里。 Mr. Smith is reading newspapers, feet in the basin.
Rewrite the underline part using “with…”
1)Because our lessons were over,we went to play football.
____W__i_th__o_u_r_l_e_s_so_n_s__o_v_e_r_______. 2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
3. The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(独立主格结构, 表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语)
4. Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成 的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况)
2023最 新 整 理 收 集 do
something
(一) 独立主格结构的构成:
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词 名词(代词)+形容词 名词(代词)+副词 名词(代词)+不定式 名词(代词) +介词短语构成
(二) 独立主格结构的特点:
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子 的主语不同,它独立存在。
with / without
名 词 (
+代 +
词)
现在分词 过去分词 形容词 副词 不定式 介词短语
补充说明
1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.
(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)
2、 With the meal over, we all went home. (with+名词+副词,作时间状语)
with结构属于独立主格结构,但在结构上, with结构由介词with或without引导,名词前有冠 词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰,结 构较松散;而独立主格结构没有with或without引 导,结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句 法功能上,with结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则 不能;独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可 以作主语,而with结构则不能。
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