2018-2019学年江西省南昌市八一中学、洪都中学等七校联考高二(上)期末英语试卷解析版

2018-2019学年江西省南昌市八一中学、洪都中学等七校联考高二（上）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
◆Electric Underground
7：30 pm-1：00 am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who's playing in your area？We're bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands．Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract（合同）？If so，come early to the talk at 7：30 pm by Jules Skye，a successful record producer．He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music．
◆Gee Whizz
8：30 pm-10：30 pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform．He's the funniest stand-up comedian（喜剧演员）on the comedy scene．This joyful show will please everyone，from the youngest to the oldest．Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7：00 pm for drinks and snacks（快餐）．
◆Simon's Workshop
5：00 pm-7：30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy（喜剧）．The workshop looks at every kind of comedy，and practices many different ways of making people laugh．Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy．His workshops are exciting and fun．An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny．
◆Charlotte Stone
8：00 pm-11：00 pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music；this is a great evening out．Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD，with James Pickering on the piano．The menu is Italian，with excellent meat and fresh fish，pizzas and pasta（面食）．Book early to get a table．Our bar is open all day，and serves cocktails，coffee，beer，and white wine．
1.Who can help you if you want to have your music produced？______
A. Jules Skye．
B. Gee Whizz．
C. Charlotte Stone．
D. James Pickering．
2.What do we know about Simon's Workshop？______
A. It requires membership status．
B. It lasts three hours each time．
C. It is run by a comedy club．
D. It is held every Wednesday．
3.When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs？______
A. 5：00 pm-7：30 pm．
B. 7：30 pm-1：00 am．
C. 8：00 pm-11：00 pm．
D. 8：30 pm-10：30 pm．
【答案】
【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】C
【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据第一则广告最后一句：He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music．可知Jules skye会谈论如何找到一个好的音乐制作人．故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．根据第三则广告第二行中"5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStage"可知Simon'sWorkshop的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之间进行．故选D．4．C．细节理解题．根据第四则广告第二行"8.00pm-11.00pmPizzaWorld"可知CharlotteStone将在晚上8.00至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲．故选C．
本文属于广告类阅读，介绍了四则广告，其中内容包括介绍音乐会，戏剧上映以及美食．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
B
We all think best when we're well rested．A clear，alert brain allows us to focus，learn and remember information，and to be creative．On the other hand，when we're sleepy，we make more mistakes and are less productive in school and at work．In a report from Psychological Science，researchers at the University of Paris report sleeping between two learning sessions improve your learning．
In this study，60 French adults were randomly divided into a "sleep" or "wake" group．They all were given 16 French-Swahili words in pairs in random order．After studying a pair for seven seconds ，the Swahili word appeared on a screen and the participants were asked to type the French translation．If they made a mistake，the words appeared again until every word-pair was correctly translated．Twelve hours later，they did it again．The wake group did their tests first in the morning and then in the evening so they had no time to sleep in between．The sleep group members did their first session in the evening and the second came the next morning，after a good night's sleep．
The sleep group members did much better at recalling the correct translations and were quicker to learn when they make a mistake．Both groups were eventually able to learn all the
word-pairs but getting some sleep allowed the sleep group to learn in less time and with less effort，A follow-up showed that the sleep group still did better than the wake group a week later and even six months later，
So，if you have to learn something，study and then get a good night's sleep．
4.What is the difference of the two groups' tasks？______
A. Who to learn．
B. What to learn．
C. How to learn the words．
D. When to learn the words．
5.How did the participants deal with a typing mistake they made？______
A. Translating the same word again．
B. Leaving the wrong word alone．
C. Asking for a correct answer．
D. Redoing the typing twelve hours later．
6.What does the underlined word it in Para．2 refer to？______
A. Correcting the mistakes．
B. Typing the French translation．
C. Typing the Swahili words．
D. Showing the Swahili word on the screen．
pared to the wake group ，those in the sleep group ______ ．
A. typed more quickly
B. made fewer translation mistakes．
C. learned with more effort．
D. learned all the word- pairs．
【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】B
【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据第二段句子：
The wake group did their tests first in the morning and then in the evening so they had no tim e to sleep in between． The sleep group members did their first session in the evening and th e second came the next morning， after a good night's sleep．唤醒组先在早上做测试，然后在晚上做测试，这样他们就没有时间睡觉了．睡眠组的成员在晚上做了第一次测试，第二次是在第二天早上，经过了一个晚上的良好睡眠后．可见两个组在学习单词的时间上是不一样的．故选D．
2．A．细节理解题．根据第二段句
子： If they made a mistake， the words appeared again until every word-pair was correctly translated．如果他们犯了错误，单词会再次出现，直到每个单词对都被正确翻译．所以选A．
3．B．猜测词义题．根据前文句子：
the Swahili word appeared on a screen and the participants were asked to type the French tran slation斯瓦希里语出现在屏幕上，要求参与者输入法语译文．这里it指代的是参与者输入法语译文，所以选B．
4．B．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段句子：
A follow-up showed that the sleep group still did better than the wake group a week later and even six months later，一项随访显示，睡眠组一周后甚至六个月后仍优于清醒组．所以答案选B．
本文主要介绍了一份来自心理科学的报告，巴黎大学的研究人员报告了两个学习阶段之间的练习可以提高你的学习能力．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
C
At some point in life，many people suffer a mental problem．While most people get over it，for others it doesn't go away easily．
The World Health Organization （WHO）says that about 20 percent of children and teenagers across the globe suffer from mental illness．It's thought that the number of children and teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020．It will become one of the main causes of disease，disabilities and even death．
The reason for mental problems among young people may be the increasing pressure in life．Study and relationships have always caused huge stresses for school children．For instance，they experience school bullying（欺凌）and academic pressure．
In China，the picture isn't bright，either．About 30 million Chinese children and teenagers
under the age of 17，or 10 percent of children and teenagers in China，have a mental health challenge，reported China Daily．
Also，according to China Daily，Chinese people don't seek help with their mental problems．They fear that others will think less of them if they admit that they are in trouble．Many Chinese people are ashamed of their mental problems and mental illness is taboo（禁忌）in any Chinese families．
In the UK，over three-quarters of young people believe their mental health problems have a social shame and a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem．
Young people who don't seek help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future．If you feel something is wrong within you - seek help．
Feeling down？Here are three things to try if you feel low．
●Go to a psychology teacher．The teacher will listen to you and offer help - for free!
●Call 800-800-1100．It's the number of a hotline run by the Mental Health Research and Prevention Center．The line is open 24 hours a day．
● Tell your parents and visit the hospital if the situation gets out of contro l．
8.According to the WHO，about ______ of children and teenagers worldwide experience
mental illness．
A. 10 percent
B. one fifth
C. 30 percent
D. three quarters
9.Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental health probably because ______ ．
A. they think less of their mental problems
B. they fear that they may get into trouble
C. they are ashamed to admit having mental problems
D. they are unwilling to avoid their mental illness
10.School children with mental health should try the following three things EXCEPT
______ ．
A. consulting their teacher
B. calling a hotline for advice
C. communicating with their parents
D. hiding their mental illness from others
11.What is the purpose in writing this article？______
A. To analyze the major causes of young people's mental illness．
B. To describe the current situation of young people's mental health．
C. To encourage young people to deal with their mental problems properly．
D. To introduce mental problems to Chinese young people．
【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】C
【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二段"The World Health Organization says that about 20 percent of children and teenagers across the globe suffer from mental illness世界卫生组织表示，全球大约20%的儿童和青少年患有精神疾病"．可知根据世界卫生组织的数据，全世界约有五分之一的儿童和青少年患有精神疾病．故选B．
2．C．细节理解题．根据第五段"Chinese people don't seek help with their mental problems．They feer that others will think less of them if they admit that they are in trouble 中国人在心理问题上不寻求帮助．他们觉得，如果他们承认自己有麻烦，别人就会看轻他们"．可知中国人不寻求心理健康方面的帮助，可能是因为他们羞于承认自己有心理问题．故选C．
3．D．推理判断题．根据第七段"Young people who don't seek help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future不寻求帮助的年轻人可能会在未来给自己制造麻烦"．可知心理健康的学童不应该对他人隐瞒自己的精神疾病．故选D．4．C．推理判断题．根据第八段"If you feel something is wrong within you - seek help．Feeling down？Here are three things to try if you feel low．如果你觉得自己有问题，寻求帮助．感觉沮丧吗？如果你情绪低落，可以尝试以下三种方法"．可知写这篇文章的目的是鼓励青少年妥善处理他们的精神问题．故选C．
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，文章主要介绍了在人生的某个阶段，很多人都会有心理问题．虽然大多数人都能克服它，但对另一些人来说，它不容易消失．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
D
The end of the school year is in sight - Christmas cards，candy canes and of course，end of year reports．
While most parents welcome an assessment of their kids' performance，they do not expect their own input to be evaluated．But a school in the UK is changing that．As well as assessing their students，they are dishing out grades to mums and dads．Parents that are really involved in their kids' education are rewarded with an A，and parents that haven't done their bit get a disappointing D．
The school，Greasley Beauvale Primary in Nottinghamshire，uses standard such as whether mums and dads have attended school events such as plays and parent teacher evenings to decide on the grade．The school's principal，Donna Chambers，said that the scheme had been well received．
"There were some critics．In spite of it，between 15 percent and 20 percent of parents started out in the lower categories but now that has been reduced to just two per cent，" she explained．Chambers hopes that the scheme will help motivate parental involvement．"The system is important because you have got to get the parents on board from day one．That one hour initial conversation saying they could improve will make a difference to the rest of that child's academic life"，she said．
But while the scheme may be well intentioned，it is likely to be connected with parent shaming．There are lots of reasons why some mums and dads might not be involved in school activities such as work commitments，looking after younger children or caring for elderly relatives．
And of course，being involved in your kid's education doesn't begin and end at school．There is a lot that goes on behind the scenes from helping with homework to keeping uniforms freshly laundered．And what about all the parents who stayed up sewing special costumes at the last minute？Surely that earns a gold star instead of a grade!
12.What do schools usually do at the end of the school year？______
A. Evaluating kids' performances．
B. Making Christmas cards．
C. Dividing candies．
D. Grading parents．
13.What does the school's principal Chambers say about the scheme？______
A. It uses a new way to evaluate kids．
B. It has gained much acceptance．
C. It gives parents further education．
D. It improves kids' motivation for learning．
14.What does the author think of parents being involved in kids' education？______
A. It adds to parents' burden．
B. It brings shame to parents．
C. It means far more than being graded．
D. It increases parents' commitment to education．
15.What is the passage mainly about？______
A. There is too much stress for parents about their children's academic life．
B. Parents as well as their children are on the list of the year school report．
C. Parents should be involved in children's school life．
D. Whether a parent is excellent depends on the grade he gets．
【答案】
【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】B
【解析】ABCB
（1）．A．考查推理判断．根据第一段可知在学年结束时有年终报告书，根据第二段中的"While most parents welcome an assessment of their kids' performance，they do not expect their own input to be evaluated"可知在学年结束时，要评估学生的表现．故选A．（2）．B．考查细节理解．根据第三段中的" The school's principal，Donna Chambers，said that the scheme had been wellreceived．"进行推断，可知答案选B．
（3）．C．考查推理判断．根据最后一段的内容可知．参与孩子的教育并不只在学期开始或结束时，还用如帮助孩子做功课，清洁校服，还有熬夜给孩子制作表演的服装等．这一切都不仅仅只是给打个等级．故选C．
（4）．B．考查主旨大意．根据第二段中的"While most parents welcome an asssment of their kids' performance，they donot expect their own input to be evaluated．But a school in the UK is changing that．As well as asssing their students，they are dishing out grades to mums and dads．"可知学年结束时学校一般是对学生的表现进行评估．虽然大多数家长欢迎对孩子的表现进行评估，但他们并不期望自己也得到评估．而英国的一所学校正在改变这一点．不仅评价他们的学生，而且还要对他们的妈妈和爸爸参与学校活动打等级．接着就是对这种评估的标准进行了分析．故选B．
本文是一篇说明文，学年结束时学校一般是对学生的表现进行评估．虽然大多数家长欢迎对孩子的表现进行评估，但他们并不期望自己也进入到被评估．而英国的一所学校正在改变这一点．不仅评价他们的学生，而且还要对他们的妈妈和爸爸参与学校活动打等级．
本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一简教育类阅读，考生在掌握细节信息的同时，需要进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案．
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
You're growing up．That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once．Your body is changing．It might even seem as if your entire self is changing．It can be confusing and even scary．(1) And it's good!
Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world．In order for that to happen，your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow．Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling．(2) But
it's partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings．Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years．As a result，growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster! (3)
◆Take care of yourself．If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress．
◆ (4) When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer．
◆Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed．(5) Plus，when stuff happens during the day，you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react．Your body is changing．
A．Take a time-out．
B．But the truth is，it happens to every teen．
C．Work out regularly to keep physically fit．
D．This changing is needed for your body's development．
E．It will help you fall asleep-and start the morning right．
F．Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother．
G．Usually，these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on．
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】F 【小题4】A 【小题5】E
【解析】36．B．推理判断题．根据文章
It might even seem as if your entire self is changing． It can be confusing and even scary你的身体在变化，甚至看起来你的整个自我都在改变，它会让人困惑甚至害怕；可知但事实是，它发生在每一个青少年身上；故选B．
37．D．推理判断题．根据文章
But it's partly to blame for intense emotions， surprising reactions， and mood swings但部分原因是强烈的情绪、令人惊讶的反应和情绪波动；可知这种变化是你身体发育所必需的；故选D．
38．F．推理判断题．根据文章
Take care of yourself． If you eat right， sleep enough， and get good exercise， your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress照顾自己．如果你吃的权利，保证充足的睡眠，并得到很好的锻炼，你的大脑会更能应付压力；可知这里有一些事情你可以做，使平顺；故选F．
39．A．推理判断题．根据文章
When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset， or confused， some quiet time will all ow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer当你感觉你的情绪摇摆，或者你感到沮丧或困惑时，一些安静的时间会让你镇定下来；可知暂停一下；故选A．
40．E．推理判断题．根据文章
Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed练习放松你的身体，深呼吸，当你醒来，当你去睡觉；可知它能帮助你入睡并且拥有一个良好的早晨；故选E．
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何学会了解和照顾自己，你的身体在变化，甚至看起来你的整个自我都在改变，它会让人困惑甚至害怕．
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的词），选出最符合语境的句子．
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one．The(21) is that countries around the world have growing mountains of (22) because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before．
How did we (23) a throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to (24) an object than to spend time and money to repair it．(25)modern manufacturing （制造业）and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively．Products are plentiful and (26)．
Another cause is our (27)of disposable （一次性的）products．As (28) people，we are always looking for(29) to save time and make our lives easier．Companies(30)，thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few．
Our appetite for new products also(31) to the problem．We are (32) buying new things．Advertisements persuade us that(33) is better and that we will be happier with the latest products．The result is that we(34) useful possessions to make room for new ones．All around the world，we can see the(35) of this throwaway lifestyle．Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger．To(36)the amount of rubbish and to protect the(37)，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials．(38)，this is not enough to solve （解决）our problem．
Maybe there is another way out．We need to repair our possessions (39)throwing them away．We also need to rethink our attitudes about (40)．Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment．
21. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem
22. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products
23. A. face B. become C. observe D. change
24. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw
25. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of
26. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful
27. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division
28. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy
29. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends
30. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve
31. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes
32. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for
33. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger
34. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away
35. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences
36. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure
37. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands
38. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile
39. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of
40. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising
【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【小题5】A
【小题6】C 【小题7】A 【小题8】D 【小题9】A 【小题10】C 【小题11】D 【小题12】B 【小题13】A 【小题14】D 【小题15】D 【小题16】C 【小题17】B 【小题18】A 【小题19】D 【小题20】A 【解析】1-5 DBBCA 6-10 CADAC 11-15 DBADD 16-20 CBADA
1．D．考查名词及语境理解．根据后面的"because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before．"可知，人们扔掉了更多的垃圾，垃圾堆积如山，这是全世界面临的问题．A．key答案；关键；B．reason原因；C．project项目；D．problem问题．故选D．
2．B．考查名词及语境理解．根据社会现实可知，因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，垃圾堆积成了山．A．gifts礼物；天赋；B．rubbish垃圾；C．debt债务；D．products产品．故选B．
3．B．考查动词及语境理解．根据后面叙述的原因可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，我们的世界如何变成了一个到处扔垃圾的社会．A．face面对；B．become变得；C．observe观察；庆祝；D．change改变．故选B．
4．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据后面的"than to spend time and money repairing it．"可知，与花时间和钱修理物品相比，现在更换物品更容易．A．hide躲藏；B．control 控制；C．replace代替；D．withdraw撤退，收回．故选C．
5．A．考查介词短语及语境理解．此处指多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多．A．Thanks to多亏了；B．As to关于；至于；C．Except for除了；D．Regardless of不管．故选A．
6．C．考查形容词及语境理解．根据前面的"inexpensively"可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会降低．A．safe安全的；B．funny滑稽的；可笑的；C．cheap便宜的；D．powerful强有力的．故选C．
7．A．考查名词及语境理解．根据后面的"save time and make our lives easier．"可知，另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱．A．love爱；B．lack缺少；C．prevention 阻止；D．division划分．故选A．
8．D．考查形容词及语境理解．根据后面的"save time and make our lives easier．"可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌．A．sensitive敏感的；B．kind友好的；C．brave 勇敢的；D．busy忙碌的．故选D．
9．A．考查名词及语境理解．此处指忙碌的人们总是在寻找方法节省时间、让生活更容易．A．ways方法；B．places地方；C．jobs工作；D．friends朋友．a way to do sth．指"做某事的方法"，是固定搭配，不定式作后置定语．故选A．
10．C．考查动词及语境理解．此处指企业生产大量的一次性产品．A．donate捐赠；B．receive收到；C．produce生产；D．preserve保存．故选C．
11．D．考查动词及语境理解．句意：我们对新产品的欲望也促成了这一问题．A．adapts to适应；改编；B．returns to返回；归还；C．responds to回应；反应；D．contributes to做贡献；有助于．故选D．
12．B．考查介词短语及语境理解．根据上下文可知，人们对新产品有一种欲望；广告也在促使人们购买新产品，所以人们痴迷于购买新产品．A．tired of厌倦；B．addicted to沉迷于；C．worried about担心；D．ashamed for感到羞耻．故选B．
13．A．考查形容词及语境理解．广告使人们相信新的产品会更好．A．newer更新的；B．stronger更强壮的；C．higher更高的；D．larger更大的．故选A．
14．D．考查动词短语及语境理解．此处指人们扔掉还有用的物品来为新的腾地方．A．pick up捡起；学会；健康恢复；用车接；B．pay for支付；C．hold onto抓住，坚持；D．throw away扔掉．故选D．
15．D．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文"Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger…"可知，这里指的是乱扔垃圾的后果．A．advantages优点，有利条件；B．purpose目的；C．functions功能，作用；D．consequences后果．故选D．
16．C．考查动词及语境理解．此处指越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾．A．show显示，展示；B．record记录；C．decrease减少；D．measure 测量．故选C．
17．B．考查名词及语境理解．人们循环利用物品也是为了保护环境．A．technology 技术；B．environment环境；C．consumers消费者；D．brands品牌．故选B．18．A．考查副词及语境理解．句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的．A．However然而；B．Otherwise否则的话；要不然；C．Therefore因此；D．meanwhile 同时．故选A．
19．D．考查介词及语境理解．根据前面的"Maybe there is another way out．"来理解句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们．A．by通过；B．in favour of 支持；赞成；C．after在…之后；D．instead of代替，而不是．故选D．
20．A．考查动词及语境理解．前面提到了要修理物品；再根据后面的"and changing our spending habits"可知，我们也要考虑自己的花费习惯．A．spending花费；度过；B．collecting 收集；C．repairing修理；D．advertising做广告．故选A．
本文介绍了人们"喜新厌旧"愿意把一些旧的东西丢掉，但是这并不利于我们保护环境，本文对这一现象的起因，影响做了分析．
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. A man looking at his Smartphone while walking across a railway (1) （have）a close
knock on Oct 22．He was so (2) （absorb）in his Smartphone that he didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him，(3) （throw）him to the ground．This should serve
(4) a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings，especially (5) crossing
roads．(6) （lucky），the man survived，but the incident forced the driver (7) （stop）the train．An l8-minute delay followed the incident，(8) led to a break in the running of other trains on the route．
The Smartphone (9) （addict）has spread like an infectious disease．It's evident that it will do great harm to society．What's even (10) （bad），some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends．Some people blame the Smartphone for the sad story，yet in fact people's weakening self-control and self-discipline are to blame．
【答案】
【小题1】had 【小题2】
absorbed
【小题3】
throwing
【小题4】as
【小题5】
when/while
【小题6】Luckily 【小题7】to
stop
【小题8】which
【小题9】
addiction
【小题10】worse
【解析】
61．had 62．absorbed 63．throwing 64．as 65．when/while 66．Luckily 67．to stop 68．which 69．addiction 70．worse
61．had；考查动词的时态，根据时间状语"on Oct.22"可知，此处是在描述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时．
62．absorbed；考查固定短语，be absorbed in是固定短语，意为"专心致志，全神贯注"．63．throwing；考查分词分词作状语，根据语境可知，此处表示"火车与他擦身而过，把他摔在了地上"，train和throw之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语．
64．as；考查固定结构，serve as意为"起作用，产生效果"，此处表示"这应该给人们起一个警告作用"．
65．when/while；考查连词，根据语境分析，此处表示"尤其是当过马路的时候"，故用when或while，这是省略结构．本句可还原为：especially when/while they are crossing roads．
66．Luckily；考查副词，幸运的是，这个男子与死亡擦肩而过，但是这个事件迫使驾驶员停下了火车．在句首用副词Luckily作状语．
67．to stop；考查动词不定式，force sb to do sth为固定结构，意为"迫使某人做某事"．68．which；考查关系代词，分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代前面的"An 18-minute delay"．]
69．addiction；考查名词．分析句子成分可知，此处作主语，意为"手机上瘾"，故用名词形式addiction．
70．worse；考查形容词比较级．what's even worse意为"甚至更糟糕的是"，even修饰比较级，故用worse．
如今手机上瘾现象非常严重，对人们的生活有着很大的危害．文章告诉我们是我们的自控力和自我约束力差而导致此种现象，并非手机本身的问题．
考生在对题目进行作答之前，要先对题干进行详细阅读，检查题目中是否有提示词语存在；而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分，例如，主语、谓语等；最后根据其所充当的句子成分，加之其所处句子的语态等，选择词语的正确形式，例如，动词的现在分词或者过去分词，或者形容词的比较或者最高级的使用等．
在句子中没有提示词或者标志词存在时，考生要根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性，例如，连接词、定冠词或者不定冠词、代词或者介词等．定冠词以及不定冠词的位置通常在名词之前，起到对名词进行限制的作用．而代词则分为形容词性物主代词、名词性代词、指示代词和不定代词等．在运用介词的时候，往往考查介词的固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配．
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42.Dear Ron，
I am very exciting to hear that you are coming to our school soon．Now let me to intr
oduce our school to you．Our school is a very famously school with long history．We have many experienced teachers and excellent equipments． There are two teaching buil dings； one is for seniors and the others is for juniors．There are two lab buildings or a library．Except Chinese，maths，English，physics and chemistry，
we have some optional courses．The students can choose that they like to attend．We l ove our school．I am looking forward to meet you soon．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ron，
I am very exciting to hear that you are coming to our school soon．Now let meto introduce our school to you．Our school is a very famously school with ∧ long history．We have many。