牛津译林2019年八年级上8Aunit3重点梳理

牛津译林8Aunit3重要知识点梳理
教学方式：
1.给出句子，让学生找出其中的关键点或考点
2.配上例题，感受自己找的考点是否正确
3.完成例题，并说出选择的理由
4.在学生分析的基础上讲解补充扩展知识点
1.What are you going to do,Eddie？
例:
①There _________a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A.will be going to
B. will going to be
C.is going to be
D. will go to be
②Charlie _______here next month.
A.isn’t working
B. doesn’t working
C.isn’t going to working
D.won’t work
③Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
_________.（不，不要）
A.No, you won’t.
B. No, you aren’t
C.No, thanks
D. No, please
④If it _____tomorrow, we will go roller skating.
A.Isn’t rain
B.won’t rain
C.doesn’t rain
D. doesn’t fine
⑤What will Bill do if he____in the test?
---He will try again.
A.fail
B. fails
C. will fail
D. is failing
知识点：
一般将来时
What are you going to do,Eddie？
1）be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。

be随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。

We’re going to buy a new TV tomorrow.
He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday.
2）一般将来时的其他表达形式为：will+动词原形，shall+动词原形。

1.You need to exercise and keep fit.
例：
①Grandpa _____to water the flowers now. It’s going to rain soon.
A.Isn’t needing
B. needn’t
C. doesn’t need
D. needs
②Tom will help you finish the work on time, so you _____worry about it.
A.Don’t need
B. needn’t
C. not need
D. needn’t to
知识点：
A．实义动词：need + 名词/动词不定式
I need much more money. You’re too fat, you need to exercise.
B．need + v.ing形式时表示被动意义
The flowers need watering. Your clothes need washing.
C．need 做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语；在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前；疑问句中, 则在主语之前。

多用在否定句或疑问句中；无人称和数的变化；否定式构成是在后面加"not"。

You need not attend the meeting tomorrow. You didn't need to tell him the news; it just made him sad.
例：Our English teacher often tells us to do many________(exercise)after class.
知识点：
exercise v. 锻炼、训练
You don’t ex ercise enough.
3）exercise n. “练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词。

If you want to improve your English,you must do more exercises.
They do morning exercises every morning.
2.Let’s enjoy ourselves.
例题：
①_______(not be) careless.
②______(do) it again.
③_______go to the bookshop.
A.Let’s
B. Don’t let they
C. Let we
D. No let me
知识点：
祈使句：分为四种类型
①Let... Let us do...------否定don’t let us do
②Do... 动词原形开头... ---- don’t+动原
③Be...Be careful. ------Don’t be...
④No... No smoking.
例题:
①Those girls enjoyed____in the party last night.
A.Them
B. they
C. themselves
D. herself
②The film _____is very fun.
A.Its
B. itself
C. it
D. its
③The father will make____a bike ______.
A.Her, himself
B. she, himself
C. her, herself
D. she, herself
④---Hi, guys. How was your party yesterday?
---Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed __________.
A. themselves
B. myself
C. yourselves
D. ourselves
知识点：
enjoy oneself 意为“玩的开心”，相当于have a good/great/wonderful time 或者have fun. oneself是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves 他/它/她们自己；itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己
They enjoyed themselves during the holiday.
反身代词的常用句型
enjoy oneself---help oneself to
teach oneself sth=learn sth by oneself
hurt oneself 伤到自己
keep sth to oneself 把…放在某人自己心里
leave sb alone by oneself 把某人独自留下
look after oneself=take care of oneself照顾自己
Pull himself up
Keep a secret to themselves
3.How wide is the bridge?
例：The bridge is 400 metres long.对划线部分提问
_____ _____ is the bridge?
_____ ____ ____ of the bridge?
知识点：
1）特殊疑问句常以how,what开头。

How+形容词(long,wide,tall,high)+be+主语?
例如how many,how much,how long,how often,how soon....
2）wide adj.宽的，宽广的，引申为范围大的，广泛的。

He has wide knowledge on the subject. 他对于那个问题有渊博的知识。

3）wide adv.广泛的，张的很大的。

Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what's wrong with your teeth.
widely adv.
wide通常表示范围或程度的极点, widely通常表示范围或程度的广大，常常不可丈量。

He has travelled widely. 他曾遍游各地。

例：
①他把门开得大大的。

He opened the door wide.
②英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

English is widely used in the world.
4.The bridge is made of steel,isn’t it?
例：用介词填空
①My sweater is made _________ wool.
②Our teacher told us that water was made ________oxygen and hydrogen.
③The bridge is made ____ China.
④This thing is made ____Edison.
知识点：
1）be made of 意为“由…制成”，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。

2）be made from 也是“由…制成”的意思,强调从成品中看不出原材料
3）be made in “由…制造”，强调产地
4）be made by “被…（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁
例：
①Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,________
A. don’t they
B. didn’t they
C. did they
D. do they
②His sister had a bad cough, ______she?
A. wasn’t
B. doesn’t
C. hadn’t
D. didn’t
知识点：
反义疑问句：做题技巧：前肯后否，前否后肯
定义：表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方赞同
构成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是间断疑问句
要求：两部分的人称时态需要一致
如：You call this a day's work，don't you?
You didn't go, did you?
注意：Let's go to the supermarket ,shall we?
祈使句Let开头的反义疑问句，疑问部分用shall we
其他祈使句中，如do/be类型的，是will/won’ you?
Don’t be/ don’t类型的，用will you ?
练习：
①He can’t be your father, _____he?
②These tools are useless now,______ _____?
③Let us go there by bus, ____ _____?
④Pass me the dictionary, ___ _____?
Yes, with pleasure.
5.Yesterday Kitty’s teacher Mr.Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park.
1）invite v.邀请---invitation n.
invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”
invite sb. to sp. 意为“邀请某人去某地”
2)join,join,take part in,attend区别：
join指参加某团体或组织成为其中一员或参加活动，常加club,Party等。

attend主要指“到场”或“出席”会议、宴会、典礼、仪式等，如：class,meeting等。

take part in指参加一项工作,在其中分担一部分,也指参加活动并积极工作，如activity等。

练习：
用join/join in/take part in/attend 的适当形式填空。

①We're going to visit the flower show tomorrow. Will you __________us?
②How many countries_________ the last Olympic Games?
③He didn't _______-school yesterday because of his illness.
④All the league members_______the meeting,at which ten students _______ the league.
⑤Will you_______us_______playing basketball?
3）take a boat trip
Tour 指的是在各处做短暂停留的长距离旅行
Trip 休闲或公事等的短途旅行
Travel 到远方去火长期旅行
Journey 正式用语，通常指有预定地点的长途旅行
6.We finally arrived at the park.
例：
①---When will the plane ___________? --- In an hour.
A. reach
B. arrive in
C. get to
D. arrive
②They arrived Shanghai a cold morning.
A. in: in
B. in: on
C. at: on
D. at: in
知识点：
arrive,get, reach区分
都有“到达”的意思，arrive和get都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。

两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here, there, home之类表地点的副词作状语。

We got/ arrived here last night.
要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in或者at；而get其后需接介词to，
When we got to the park, it began to rain.
reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reach Nanjing 到南京。

Reach之后也可接here,there,home等词。

7.There are models of more than a hundred places of interest from all over the world.
1）more than=over超过
2）数词用法
①当前面有数词以及many，several等词修饰时，这三个词用单数形式，后面直接跟复数名词。

Two hundred old people died of cold last winter. 去年冬天200名老人被冻死。

②当这几个词前面没有数词而后面有of时，则一定要用复数形式，表示数百、数千等笼统的数目概念。

hundreds of dollars 数百美元
3）interest(使...感兴趣)是完全及物动词。

English interests him a lot. 英文使他很感兴趣。

4）interested adj.人作主语 interesting 物作主语 sb be interested in sth.对....感兴趣
5）interest是名词，有复数形式，show/develop interest in sth.对....产生兴趣
同样用法的词：amazing, amazed; exciting, excited; boring, bored
练习：
① Several _______ new books were sold out last week。

A.of thousand
B.thousands
C.thousand of
D.thousand
②The story is_______and all of us are_______in it.
A.interest;interesting
B.interesting ;interest
C.interested;interesting
D.interesting；interested
8.Luckily,some climbers helped Simon.
1）luck n.运气，幸运 Good luck(with you)!祝你好运
lucky adj.幸运的 luckily-----反义：unluckily
He is really a lucky dog. 他真是个幸运的家伙。

名词变形容词名词+ful/less
Careful careless helpful helpless useful useless
Cheerful cheerless endless hopeful hopeless meaningful meaningless
Sleepless tasteful tasteless
Taste n/v---tasty adj.
2）help sb.with sb./help sb.do sth.
9.The match takes place on,___,17 October.
1）take place,happen区别
happen指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。

happen to sb．／sth．指不好的事情发生在某人（物）身上。

take place指必然会发生的事情时，多用take place；此外take place 还可表示“举行某种活动”。

The meeting will take place soon. 会议即将举行。

The accident happened at six o'clock. 事故发生在六点钟
11. Don’t forget to bring your friends.
1）祈使句否定句型常用don’t开头。

2）forget to do表示忘记去做某事，forget doing忘记做过某事。

I shall never forget meeting you for the first time. 我将永不会忘记第一次见到你的情景。

常见的搭配还有：remember doing/to do sth.
3）bring,take,carry的区别
bring 表示“拿来”,指从别处拿过来,方向一般是说话者,多指比较近的东西,也可以指带到一个说话人将要到达的地方,有时还可指由说话者随身带着(去某处),可以包括“带走”; take 表示“拿走”“带走”,指从此处拿出去,例如:When you go home take the letter with you.你回家去的时候,把信带去。

fetch表示“去拿来”; carry则指“随身带着”,没有明确的方向性,同时强调体力方面的负担,可代替bring和take,例如:The mother carries her baby in her arms.母亲把小宝宝抱在怀里。

例题：--- The light in the office is still on.
--- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
注意：固定搭配get off the bus / get on the bus 代词不放中间
12. We will go there by underground.
1）go there中there是副词，因此go to的to可以省略。

类似结构还有get home,get there。

2）by underground表示乘地铁。

A．用“by+交通工具”表示交通方式。

如：by bike, by bus, by car , by plane , by train , by subway 等。

但是，“步行”用on foot , 而不是by foot. by + 表示交通工具的名词表示交通工具的名词表示交通工具的名词表示交通工具的名词，泛指“乘/坐某种交通工具”，其中名词前无任何修饰语名词前无任何修饰语名词前无任何修饰语名词前无任何修饰语，，，，且只能用单数且只能用单数且只能用单数且只能用单数。

B．用"take a +交通工具”表示交通方式。

如：take a bus , take a train , take a ship , 但“骑自行车”要用ride a bike 来表达
13.The trip ____about 4 hours from the school to the south hill.
A.Cost
B. used
C. spent
D. took
How much did the new skirt ______ you?
A. cost
B.take
C.spend
D.pay
---What about going to the concert this weekend?
---Sounds great,but the ticket is too expensive,I can't ________it.
A.spend
B.cost
C.pay D afford
改错：The price of this computer is expensive.
The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.
知识点：
1）spend,pay,cost,take用法
spend(spent,spent) pay(paid,paid) cost(cost,cost) take(took,taken)
A．spend( 主语是人)
spend+ 时间/钱+ on sth. I spent 100 yuan on the dictionary.
spend+时间/钱+ (in) doing sth. He spends an hour doing his homework every day. B．pay(主语是人) pay + (钱)+for sth. Sandy paid 10 yuan for the pen.
C．cost(主语是物) The pen cost Sandy 10yuan.
D．take(常跟在形式主语It 后, 或一件事做主语,只能表示花时间，不能表示花钱)
It took them two hours to get to the city centre by underground.
The trip from their school to the museum took them two hours by bus.
E．afford 支付得起主语是人，afford sth. afford to do sth.
2）商品用cheap,expensive；价格用high,low；cost用little,much。

14.重点短语
Take care保重，通常用于信件或告别语。

take(good)care of=look after sb.(well)
At the beginning of
At the beginning= at first
At the end of 不仅可以对时间也可以对其他事物
In the end of 对时间的修饰
in the end=finally
As soon as possible
As soon as you can
As...adj...as... 注意：比较级中除了固定搭配，还可以用a/much来修饰
Thank you for doing
Tell sb not do sth
Had better not do sth
Can’t wait to
Sick man/ ill man
Sick VS ill sick可以用于表语来形容人的状态，也可以做定语修饰一个人，表示“生病的”Ill用于表语表示人生病，如果ill man这样用，则表示这个人是坏人
How great fun! 感叹句做题方式？
15.It Is important to learn English well.
句型：it is +adj+to do sth
It做形式主语。