高中英语上外版选择性必修第三册Unit4DisasterSurvival选择性必修第三册课后练习、课

一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)
1. The Internet enables us to e_____________ ideas with many others conveniently. (根据首字母单词拼写)
2. All this had an extremely n_________ effect on the criminal justice system. (根据首字母单词拼写)
3. She is working hard every day in order to i_________ her English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)
4. Most problems don’t directly __________(威胁) peace and security and rarely contribute to conflict. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
5. I had asked everyone to ______(提交) questions in advance of the meeting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
6. We should try to __________ (循环) all our waster paper. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)
7. Last week Tom made a terrible mistake, but he a_________ it in the end.（承认）（根据中英文提示拼写单词）
8. Speaking on the phone requires c________(专心) and takes a driver’s attention from the road. （根据中英文提示填空）
四、完成句子
9. All the students are expected to ________.
所有的学生都要发表评论，表达他们对这部电影的看法。

10. 目前只有上年纪的人说这种语言, 因此它面临灭亡的威胁｡ (threaten)
The language is currently being spoken only by elderly people, so ____________________.
五、根据所给汉语提示填空
11. My dream ________________(成为一名科学家) in the future. （根据汉语提示填空）
12. It’s difficult to _______ _______ _______ (了解……的动态) all the new discoveries in biology. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
13. There is little air to ________ the wings and make them hot. (用sweep相关短语填空)
六、句型转换
14. I’m ready to register for advanced literature this term.(同义句改写)
I’m ready to ______ ______ ______ advanced literature this term.
15. Although he is old, he still leads an active life. (同义转换)
________ ________ ________ his old age, he still leads an active life.
七、汉译英（单词/短语）(翻译)
16. 汉译英
1. ____________________________________呼吁/邀请某人做...
2. ____________________________________在某方面与某人竞争某物
3. _______________________________________限制...
4. ______________________________________正确客观地看待
5. ______________________________________ 偶然来到，无意中处于
6. ______________________________________________给某人出难题
7. ____________________________________________认输，承认失败
8. __________________________________________改变条件或规则
9. ___________________________________________进乌龙球
10. ________________________________________打算做某事
八、汉译英（整句）(翻译)
17. 这是她第一次参加运动会。

（用It is the first time that...翻译句子）（汉译英）
18. 切莫苛求运动强度和频率，细水长流才能见效。

(difference)(汉译英)
19. 在过去的这十年里，我们采取了有效的措施来保护环境。

(汉译英)
九、完形填空
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了29岁的高中老师Jason Warnock从悬崖边救了一名司机的故事。

20. Jason Warnock, then 29, is a high school teacher. He was driving along the hillside road in Lewiston, Idaho, in April 2023 when he came upon a ________ tree in the middle of the road. Being _________, Warnock looked up at the side of a cliff (悬崖). At the very _________, where the tree should have been, was a ________ rocking on the edge, held back from falling to the road by a heavily damaged chain link fence. Looking inside the car, Warnock could see a ________ man beating on the passenger side window.
That’s when Warnock took ________ action. He crossed a nearby footbridge and climbed up the cliff to get to the vehicle. When Warnock got to the car, he tried
________ the window with a tool he had on him, only to ________ that it was shaking the car and might cause it to slip down the hill. He stopped to ________ the driver enough
to get him to open the window. “Give me your hand,” Warnock said. “If the car falls, I want to have a hold of you so I can ________ get you out of there.” Before reaching for Wa rnock’s hand, the driver made one _________, “Can I grab my iPod?” Soon enough, Warnock had ________ both the man and his machine.
The accident was caused when Sitko, the driver, who suffered only small injuries, lost ________ of his car. For his part, War nock ________ he came to Sitko’s aid for one simple _________: “I just did what I teach my students to do.”
1.
A．burnt B．fallen C．thrown D．hidden
2.
A．kind B．patient C．curious D．single
3.
A．top B．bottom C．side D．end
4.
A．bike B．car C．bus D．truck
5.
A．shamed B．relaxed C．moved D．frightened
6.
A．immediate B．special C．powerful D．safe
7.
A．cleaning B．fixing C．closing D．breaking
8.
A．argue B．guess C．realize D．mention
9.
A．train B．calm C．affect D．treat
10.
A．at least B．on time C．by accident D．once again
11.
A．decision B．choice C．suggestion D．request
12.
A．served B．freed C．left D．found
13.
A．touch B．sight C．control D．track
14.
A．explained B．pretended C．introduced D．reminded
15.
A．lesson B．answer C．goal D．reason
十、阅读选择(阅读理解)
文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国的天问一号在探测火星的进程中又迈进了一步。

21. After traveling more than seven months in space, Tianwen 1 is one step closer to Mars! Tianwen 1, China’s first Mars probe (探测器), successfully entered Mars orbit (轨道) in February, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). It will stay in orbit for about three months before landing on the red planet.
A small step on the red planet will be a big step for human beings. Humans have launched 46 Mars exploration missions since October 1960, but only 19 of them have been successful, according to China Daily. It’s China’s first spacecraft to Mars, and the mis sions are rather ambitious. Tianwen 1 aims to achieve “orbiting, landing, and roving (环绕，着陆，巡视)” all in one journey, which will make the country the world’s first to achieve all three goals with one probe, mission scientists said. Among the three tasks, touchdown on the red planet is the most difficult. The result mainly depends on the “breathtaking (惊险的) seven minutes” to make sure Tianwen 1 land safely, according to the Global Times.
February was Mars month. NASA’s Perseverance Rover (毅力号火星车) landed on Ma rs on Feb 19, and China’s Tianwen 1 and United Arab Emirates’ Hope Probe have arrived within orbit of the red planet. Although the three countries started their Mars journeys at almost the same time, their missions vary. Hope Probe successfully entered the orbit of Mars on Feb 9. Perseverance will collect samples (样品) of rock and soil for further research. Tianwen 1’s ultimate goal is to land a rover on Mars in May or June, and it will carry out scientific research on Mars’ soil, environment, water and so on.
“When we step into the far planets of the solar system, the magnitude (量) of the resources and timeline required will take global action,” a US official said, highlighting (强调) the importance of international cooperation (合作) in space. 1. Tianwen 1 aims to achieve ________ to set a record in Mars exploration.
A．landing a rover on the red planet
B．bringing back samples from Mars
C．staying in orbit around Mars for months
D．orbiting, landing and roving with one probe
2. What’s the biggest challenge that Tianwen 1 is facing in space?
A．Achieving a safe landing.
B．Lack (缺乏) of the resources and timeline.
C．Collecting samples of rock and soil.
D．Completing entering the orbit of Mars.
3. What can we learn about Tianwen 1?
A．It is expected to land on Mars in May or June.
B．It will spend 10 months preparing for its landing.
C．It’s one of the 46 successful Mars exploration missions.
D．It’s the world’s first probe to enter the orbit around Mars.
4. What can we infer (推测) from the US official’s words in the last paragraph?
A．Space exploration calls for global cooperation.
B．There are risks (危险) in exploring other planets.
C．Tianwen 1 will reach other planets besides Mars.
D．Exploring space takes considerable (相当大的) time and resources.
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。

讲述了富有同情心的Patricia女士在节日里陪伴养老院的老人，给他们阅读和送毛绒玩具的善人善举。

22. For many people, Christmas is a time to cozy up inside with yummy treats and pretty decorations while the snow falls outside. However, people living in nursing homes often have few family members to celebrate with.
In 2009, Patricia Gallagher in Philadelphia were aware of this so she decided to bring a Christmas book to different nursing homes and read for people. She said, “I just got this idea in my head to call two nursing homes at random and ask if my mother and I could come and read ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas.’” The nursing
homes were more than happy to welcome her in and the residents of those homes were equally thrilled. Thus, her holiday tradition started.
To go along with the book reading, Patricia brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals so the senior residents could hold them while she read the story.
But, when it was time to pack up and go to the next nursing home, Patricia found tha t no one wanted to give the stuffed animals back! She said, “It was just a nursing home with a lot of elderly people sitting in wheelchairs. And all of a sudden, the whole room became alive with jingling bells and they really didn’t want to give them back because they thought we had given them a gift.”
Seeing the joy that a simple present can bring, Patricia had the idea to gather stuffed animals and dolls as a gift for senior citizens living in nursing homes. Then, she put an ad up for gently used stuffed animals on a website. It wasn’t long before the local communities and schools started hosting stuffed animal collections on her behalf. In just two years, she collected more than 11,000 stuffed animals to gift people!
With so many stuffed animals, Patricia started offering gifts to people living in homes for veterans (退伍军人) as well. She said, “These stuffed animals not only bring people joy, but bring back the memories of their childhood and give them some comfort.”
1. What did Patricia do in 2009 according to the passage?
A．She found a good job in a nursing home.
B．She spent her holiday reading for the elderly.
C．She visited her best friends in a nursing home.
D．She sent some cute animals to lonely strangers.
2. Why did the seniors refuse to give stuffed animals back?
A．The stuffed animals were broken.
B．The stuffed animals were donated by others.
C．They wanted to purchase the stuffed animals.
D．They regarded the stuffed animals as their gifts.
3. Which of the following can best describe Patricia?
A．Sympathetic and generous. B．Influential and creative.
C．Enthusiastic and genuine. D．Ambitious and. humble.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A．A Nursing Home Is Many People’s Home
B．The Elderly Deserve More Care And Love
C．A Woman Gifts Stuffed Animals to Senior Citizens
D．A Family Tradition Helps Hundreds of Lonely People
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了Dianne拾金不昧的故事。

23. For the past year, Dianne has been walking 2. 7 miles to the marketplace down Highland Road where she works. She used to do it five times a week since her car broke down last year.
It was tiring and time consuming for her but she didn’t have a choice because of her financial situation. Everything changed when something unexpected happened. She was walking home from work and she decided to stop at the gas station to grab a snack. However, before she could set her foot inside, she noticed something out of the ordinary. She looked down on the ground and found a plastic bag with a large sum of money in it. She was shocked to see how much money was inside the plastic bag but she wouldn’t take it. As a grandmother of two, she knew exactly what to do. She did what she knew was right and called the police. It didn’t take long for the police officers to find the owners of the money since there were cards with their address. It turned out that the money was owned by a couple who got married earlier that day. The cash Dianne found was a total of $ 14,780 and the police returned it to the couple who owned it.
Dianne’s honesty made a great impact on the police officers as well as their families.
A police officer’s wife set up a GoFundMe to help Dianne, hoping that a lot of people would be touched by her kindness. The GoFundMe has raised over $ 60 ,000. Dianne received a brand-new Jeep as a reward for her good deed. Dianne said she would like to pay it forward so she was going to give her co-workers a ride when they needed one.She also has some advice for everyone: If you find something that
d oesn’t belong to you, don’t keep it.
1. How did Dianne go to work a year ago?
A．By bike. B．On foot. C．By train. D．By car.
2. Why did Dianne leave her car unrepaired?
A．She lacked time. B．She owned a new one.
C．She wanted to work out. D．She was short of money.
3. What was Dianne’s reaction when seeing the amount of the money? A．Unbelievable. B．Uncomfortable. C．Satisfied. D．Frightened.
4. What can we learn from the story?
A．Health is better than wealth. B．One good turn deserves another.
C．Care and working hard bring luck. D．People always help those who help themselves.
十一、七选五(阅读理解)
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了四种修复友谊的方法。

24. Life can be lonely without companionship. Acquaintances are easy to come by but true friends are different. Friends are gifts and treasures. When asked to point out one or two the most important things in one’s life, many people put friends ahead of homes, jobs, clothes and cars.
A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. 1 Unfortunately, the better friends you are, the more probably you’ll have disagreements. And the result can be what you don’t want—an end to the relationship. 2 Here are four effective ways to mend a troubled friendship.
3 Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open. Second, apologize when you’re wrong, even if you’ve been
wronged. 4 Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friend’s point of view. And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change.
5 However, the hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relationships. My suggestion: Consider friendship an honor and a gift, and worth the effort to treasure and nurture(培养). Remember, friendship is your psyche’s guard, so treasure it.
A．Making friends can sometimes seem easy.
B．In a friendship, even the best people make mistakes.
C．It is a treasure we should protect.
D．Friendship brings us power to overcome the difficulty in life.
E．The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended.
F．First, don’t let your pride get in your way.
G．It is important when we are in trouble.
十二、用单词的适当形式完成短文(语法填空)
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。

两个人来到“我”的办公室取东西，其中一人对“我”的一件装饰品很欣赏，于是“我”把它送给了他，因为它可以给他带来乐趣。

25. 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。

Two men came into 1 office yesterday to pick up an item. One was admiring a piece of metal ornament (装饰品) I had. It was a snake 2 (make) from a nail. He was admiring 3 so much.
They left and came back into the office. 4 they were waiting, I 5 (wrap) up the ornament. I wrote “don’t open 6 you leave”.
As they were 7 (leave), I told the young man, here, this is 8 you. He was happy and said thank you and God Bless You. I hope he liked it. I had it for about 20 years. I figure, ah, let it go onto to someone else 9 they can get 10 (enjoy) out of it.。