新视野大学英语 教案

Unit 8
I PURPOSE
1.To grasp the important words and phrases and understand the text;
2.To grasp the writing skill--- writing a general viewpoint.
3. To grasp the reading skill--- perceive the author’s purpose.
II IMPORTANT AND DIFFICULT SPOTS
1.Words:
Section A
Implication, fiction, draft, prohibit, split, mount, category, resemble, breed, fonfusion, deliberate, classify, debate, work for, within reach, come to life, in the wake of , fll into, break apart, in theory, identical to, what if
Section B
Perceive as, carry out, in the name of, stock with, stand a chance of , seek out, take a chance on, make an enquiry into
2.Sentences:
L1. In the wake of Wilmut’s announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown a future filled with incredible possibilities.
L2. Leaders in Europe, where most nations already prohibit human cloning, began examining the moral implications of cloning others species.
L3, Twin separated at birth do sometimes share personality characteristics, but such characteristics in a cloned son or daughter would only be reminders of the child.
L4, But most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that detection of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.
L5, To get around that one company is trying to alter the pig’s genetic code to prevent pig’s organs from being attacked.
L6, One expert believes the situation could be comparable to what occurred in the 16th century, when Europeans puzzled over how to classify the unfamiliar in habitants of the Americas, and endlessly debated whether or not they were humans.
B
L1, cloning is a radical challenge to the most dundamental laws of biology, so it’s reasonable to be concerned that it might be preface to activities that will threaten human society and dignity.
L2, while human cloning might not offer great benefits to humanity, no one has yet made a convincing case that it would do any real harm, either.
L3, But why suppose that the laws that protect our rights and dignity would not be applicable to cloned persons.
L4, Many of the vivid warnings of science-fiction concerning the prospect of human cloning turn out upon reflection to be wildly improbable.
L5, This is one case where even people bothered by creating a child under the lens of a microscope might see cloning as not the worst option.
SECTION A Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning
PART ONE
(PRE-READING / WARM-UP / THINK ABOUT IT (LISTEN AND TALK))
Who gave reactions to the successful cloning immediately?
PART TWO
(A GENERAL PRACTICE ON THE PASSAGE)
1. What are the reactions?
2. What are the six puzzles?
PART THREE A Detailed Study of the Passage
Part I
1, plain a. plainly , obviously , simply
It was just plain stupid to give him your address.
What she said was just plain wrong.
Part II
2. (1) word : news or a message
Word came of his success abroad. 传来他在海外获得成功的消息。

Word has been spread fast of the incidents on the streets.
关于这些事件的消息在街上传得很快。

(2) words : angry talk 口角，争论
The girl often has words with her mother. 发生口角
(3) a word / words : remark , communication
Can I have a few words ( 或a word ) with you ?
(4) the word : order , command 口令，暗号，命令
He gave the word and they let him go.
He gave the word to begin.
3. come to life : be alive or vivid (变得)活跃，恢复生气；came round 苏醒过来When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came to life at once.
When the man came to life again, he found himself in a hospital bed.
Part III
4. in the wake of : coming after , following
Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterday’s bomb attacks.
He resigned in the wake of accusations that he had stolen from the company.
5. in the first place : at first , at the beginning
They very quickly forgot that I never wanted John involved in the first place. （一开始)
6. fall into : be divided into , belong to
These books fall into three classes.
This book falls into the class of modern fiction.
7. and so forth : and so on
They sell pens, pencils, paper and so on and so forth.
His father sells old pictures, furniture, old clocks and so forth.
8. in terms of : from … point of view , with regard to 就…事说，从…角度
In terms of customer satisfaction, the policy cannot be criticized.
The work is not very profitable in terms of cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.
9. What if … ? What would happen if … ?
What if you go instead of me ?
What if we go and see a film tomorrow night ?
10. with … in mind : with sth. as one’s aim or as the reason or basis for one’s action 以…为目的，考虑到
He was no longer a young man. With this in mind, he slowed down the car.
11. get around / round : overcome ; avoid or find a satisfactory way of dealing with The administration got around this problem by introducing a new law.
12. refer to 适用于，涉及；提到，指称relate , be relevant to
This rule refers to everyone.
The new law does not refer to land used for farming.
13. give birth to : bear
Jane’s sister gave birth to a girl last week.
14. under the name of : using a name different from one’s own
I reserved a double-room under the name of Smith.
15. regardless of
He bought everything he liked regardless of price.
16. be comparable to ( with ) : be compared with , be equal to
At that moment there seemed nothing in the world comparable to sleep.
His work is comparable to ( with ) the very best.
Part IV
17. puzzle over : think hard about
Henry puzzled over the figures for hours without making head or tail of it.
摸不着头脑
PART FOUR Text Analysis
Main idea
When a world with human clones was suddenly within reach, people’s reactions to it were strong and varied. They puzzled over a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that had arisen from cloning.
structure
Part I . Para.1
It deals with the background situation of the passage.
Part II. Para.2 ~ 3
This part is about the strong and immediate responses to the background
situation mentioned in the first paragraph.
Part III. Para.4 ~ 18
In this part the author lists as many as 6 puzzles or questions on the issue of cloning. Part IV.
The list of questions could go on and people are just beginning to wonder
about the future of the world after cloning.
Section B
Part I 1 He cloned sheep brings a question: can we clone human being.
Part II 2-5 There could be some advantages and disadvantages in cloned human being.
Part III 6 Having no suitable law, the research and application can be stopped for
a while, but can’t be prohibited.
SECTION B Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning ?
PURPOSE
1.To grasp the important words and phrases and understand the text;
2. To grasp the reading skills---perceiving the author’s purpose
PART ONE A General Discussion
Why were the public thrown into a panic at the news that scientists had cloned a sheep? (para.1)
PART TWO (A GENERAL PRACTICE ON THE PASSAGE)
What’s the author’s attitude towards human cloning by reading the last sentence of paragraph 1?
What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
PART Three Detailed study of passages
Part I
1. take advantage of : (1) make good use of , avail oneself of
(2) exploit esp. unfairly 占便宜
We take advantage of this opportunity to express our heartfelt gratitude to you.
2. ( in ) panic
In panic, he began to throw water on the burning saucepan of oil.
Part II
3. preface to : introduction to , prelude to
The incident was the preface to a great scenic discovery.
4. be applicable to : be suitable for
We try to find a solution that is applicable to the problem.
The rule is applicable to the case.
5. come up with : find or produce ( an answer , a solution , etc. )
David’s come up with an idea and he wants us to try it out.
6. make sense : be a wise course of action
It makes sense to take care of your health.
Part III
7. on ( upon ) reflection : as soon as … consider …
On reflection, I decided not to go.
At first I thought it was a bad idea, but on reflection I realized she was right.
8. for the sake of : in order to keep or get
He is going to live by the coast for the sake of his health.
9. stand a chance of : have a chance of ( achieving sth. )
She stands a good chance of becoming a world champion.
10. deny sb. sth. : withhold sb. from
The experiment result denied him the satisfaction.
11. resign oneself to : decide that one has to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation
只得接受，顺从
You must resign yourself to waiting a bit longer.
12. pass on … to : hand or give sth. to sb. else
Janet stayed at home fro a couple of days because she didn’t want to pass on her cold to anyone else.
13. take a chance on : take a risk on
We will take a chance on the weather and have the gathering outdoors.
The burglars took a chance on the owner of the house staying away all night –a chance that paid off handsomely. 结果代价惨重
14. dispose of : get rid of
Factories are using the river to dispose of their industrial wastes.
PART FOUR Text Analysis
1.Main idea：
The news that scientists had cloned a sheep brought academics and the public a panic. The next may be cloning human. So it’s thought to be a preface to activities that will threaten human society and dignity. However, much of the moral opposition seems to grow out of an automatic unthinking disgust. But cloning may benefit those people whose children are dying and infertile couples. So what we should do is to make a systematic enquiry into the grave questions it raises before we prohibit cloning.
2. Structure
Part I 1 He cloned sheep brings a question: can we clone human being.
Part II 2-5 There could be some advantages and disadvantages in cloned human being.
Part III 6 Having no suitable law, the research and application can be stopped for
a while, but can’t be prohibited.
III PROCEDURE AND TIME NEEDED
1. Section A 90’
1) Lead-in 5’
2) Preview inspection of words and the text 15’
3) Text study 50’
4) Topic discussion 10’
5) Answering questions about the text 8’
6) Assignments 2’
2. Exercises in Section A 45’
3. Section B 45’
1) Lead-in 5’
2) Preview inspection of words and the text 15’
3) Text study 22’
4) Assignments 3’。