破窗效应的启示作文800字

破窗效应的启示作文800字
英文回答：
The broken windows theory is a criminological theory that states that visible signs of crime and disorder create an environment that encourages further crime and disorder. This theory was first proposed in 1982 by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling, and it has since been widely used to explain crime patterns in cities and neighborhoods around the world.
Wilson and Kelling argued that even minor signs of disorder, such as broken windows or graffiti, can send a message that a community is tolerating crime and disorder. This message can then encourage further crime, as criminals may perceive the community as an easy target.
The broken windows theory has been used to justify a variety of crime prevention strategies, such as increased police patrols, stricter enforcement of building codes, and
neighborhood clean-ups. These strategies aim to reduce visible signs of disorder and create an environment that is less conducive to crime.
While the broken windows theory has been influential in crime prevention efforts, it has also been criticized for being too simplistic. Critics argue that the theory ignores the complex social and economic factors that contribute to crime, and that it may lead to over-policing and gentrification.
Despite these criticisms, the broken windows theory remains a valuable tool for understanding crime patterns and developing crime prevention strategies. By addressing visible signs of disorder, communities can create an environment that is less inviting to crime and more welcoming to residents.
中文回答：
破窗效应是一种犯罪学理论，认为犯罪和无序的明显迹象会创造一种鼓励进一步犯罪和无序的环境。

该理论最早由詹姆斯·Q·威
尔逊和乔治·L·凯林于 1982 年提出，此后被广泛用于解释世界各地城市和邻里的犯罪模式。

威尔逊和凯林认为，即使是轻微的混乱迹象，如破窗或涂鸦，也会传达出社区容忍犯罪和混乱的信息。

这条信息随后可能会鼓励进一步的犯罪，因为犯罪分子可能将社区视为一个容易的目标。

破碎窗户理论已被用来证明各种犯罪预防策略的合理性，例如增加警察巡逻、更严格地执行建筑规范以及清理社区。

这些策略旨在减少混乱的明显迹象，并创造一个不利于犯罪的环境。

虽然破窗理论在犯罪预防工作中颇具影响力，但它也因过于简单而受到批评。

批评者认为，该理论忽视了导致犯罪的复杂社会和经济因素，而且可能导致过度警力和绅士化。

尽管有这些批评，破碎窗户理论仍然是了解犯罪模式和制定犯罪预防策略的宝贵工具。

通过解决明显的混乱迹象，社区可以创造一个不太吸引犯罪、更受欢迎的环境。