六年级科学小实验英语阅读理解30题

六年级科学小实验英语阅读理解30题
1
<背景文章>
An Interesting Simple Electric Circuit Connection Experiment
In science class, we often do some interesting experiments. Today, I'm going to introduce a simple electric circuit connection experiment.
The purpose of this experiment is to understand how an electric circuit works and how electricity can make a bulb light up.
The materials we need for this experiment are very simple. We need a battery, a battery holder, a light bulb, a bulb holder, some wires and a switch.
Now let's start the experiment steps. First, we put the battery into the battery holder carefully. Then, we connect one end of a wire to the positive pole of the battery in the battery holder. Next, we connect the other end of this wire to one side of the switch. After that, we take another wire and connect one end of it to the other side of the switch. Then, we connect the other end of this wire to one terminal of the bulb holder. Subsequently, we put the light bulb into the bulb holder. Finally, we connect the last wire from the other terminal of the bulb holder to the negative pole of the battery in the battery holder.
When we close the switch, we can see that the light bulb lights up
immediately. This shows that the electric circuit is connected successfully and the electricity can flow through the circuit to make the bulb work.
1. <问题1>
What is the purpose of this experiment?
A. To make the battery work better.
B. To understand how an electric circuit works and make a bulb light up.
C. To test the quality of the wires.
D. To see how the battery holder is made.
答案：B。

<详细的中文解析>文章明确提到“The purpose of this experiment is to understand how an electric circuit works and how electricity can make a bulb light up.”，所以答案是B，A选项提到让电池更好地工作，文章未提及；C选项测试电线质量也未在文中体现；D选项关于电池座的制作也不是实验目的。

2. <问题2>
Which of the following is not a material needed for this experiment?
A. A battery.
B. A ruler.
C. A light bulb.
D. A switch.
答案：B。

<详细的中文解析>文章提到实验需要的材料有“a battery, a battery holder, a light bulb, a bulb holder, some wires and a switch”，其
中并不包括尺子（ruler），所以答案是B，A、C、D选项都是实验所需材料。

3. <问题3>
What should we do first in this experiment?
A. Connect the wire to the bulb holder.
B. Put the battery into the battery holder.
C. Close the switch.
D. Put the light bulb into the bulb holder.
答案：B。

<详细的中文解析>根据实验步骤“First, we put the battery into the battery holder carefully.”可知首先要做的是把电池放入电池座，所以答案是B，A选项连接电线到灯泡座不是第一步；C选项关闭开关是后面的步骤；D选项把灯泡放入灯泡座也不是第一步。

4. <问题4>
When we close the switch, what will happen?
A. The battery will be broken.
B. The wire will get hot.
C. The light bulb will light up.
D. The battery holder will change color.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>文章提到“When we close the switch, we can see that the light bulb lights up immediately.”，所以答案是C，A 选项电池会损坏、B选项电线会变热、D选项电池座会变色在文中均未提及。

5. <问题5>
How many wires do we need at least in this experiment?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>从实验步骤中可以看出，连接电池正极到开关一端、开关另一端到灯泡座一端、灯泡座另一端到电池负极，至少需要三根电线，所以答案是C，A选项一根明显不够；B选项两根无法完成电路连接；D选项虽然可能用到更多电线但至少需要三根。

2
<Background Article>
In a sixth - grade science class, students carried out an interesting experiment to explore the relationship between plant growth and sunlight. The experiment was designed as follows:
First, they prepared three identical flowerpots. In each flowerpot, they planted a small seedling of the same kind of plant. They named these flowerpots as Pot A, Pot B, and Pot C.
For Pot A, they placed it on the windowsill where it could receive direct sunlight for most of the day. Pot B was placed in a corner of the classroom where it could only get a little bit of indirect sunlight. And Pot
C was put in a completely dark closet.
Over the next few weeks, the students carefully observed the growth of the seedlings in each pot. In Pot A, the seedling grew taller and stronger day by day. Its leaves were green and healthy, and it started to develop more branches. In Pot B, the growth of the seedling was much slower. The leaves were a bit yellowish, and it didn't grow as many branches as the one in Pot A. As for Pot C, the seedling hardly grew at all. It became weak and some of its leaves even started to wither.
From this experiment, the students could draw the conclusion that sunlight is very important for plant growth. Plants need sufficient sunlight to carry out photosynthesis, which helps them produce food and grow healthily.
6. Where was Pot A placed?
A. In a dark closet.
B. In a corner with a little indirect sunlight.
C. On the windowsill with direct sunlight.
D. Under a table.
Answer: C. 解析：文章中明确提到“For Pot A, they placed it on the windowsill where it could receive direct sunlight for most of the day.”，所以Pot A是放在能接受直射阳光的窗台的，答案为C。

7. How did the seedling in Pot B grow?
A. It grew taller and stronger like Pot A.
B. It grew much faster than Pot A.
C. It grew much slower and the leaves were yellowish.
D. It didn't grow at all.
Answer: C. 解析：根据文中“In Pot B, the growth of the seedling was much slower. The leaves were a bit yellowish”可知，Pot B中的幼苗生长缓慢且叶子有点发黄，所以答案是C。

8. What happened to the seedling in Pot C?
A. It grew healthily.
B. It grew a little bit.
C. It hardly grew and some leaves withered.
D. It grew as well as Pot A.
Answer: C. 解析：文中提到“As for Pot C, the seedling hardly grew at all. It became weak and some of its leaves even started to wither.”，说明Pot C中的幼苗几乎没生长并且有些叶子枯萎了，答案为C。

9. What can plants do with sunlight according to the experiment?
A. Just make the leaves green.
B. Carry out photosynthesis to produce food and grow healthily.
C. Only make the branches grow.
D. Make the plants look beautiful.
Answer: B. 解析：文章最后提到“Plants need sufficient sunlight to carry out photosynthesis, which helps them produce food and grow healthily.”，表明植物利用阳光进行光合作用来生产食物并健康生长，
答案为B。

10. Which pot's seedling had the best growth?
A. Pot A.
B. Pot B.
C. Pot C.
D. All of them grew equally well.
Answer: A. 解析：从文章对三个花盆中幼苗生长情况的描述来看，Pot A中的幼苗长得又高又壮，Pot B生长缓慢且叶子发黄，Pot C几乎没生长还有叶子枯萎，所以生长最好的是Pot A，答案为A。

3
<Article>
In a sixth - grade science class, we carried out an interesting experiment to explore the principle of whether objects float or sink.
The idea behind this experiment was to understand how different objects with various characteristics behave in water. We prepared a large glass tank filled with water, which was the main medium for our experiment.
First, we selected several objects. There were a wooden block, a metal coin, a plastic ball, and a small piece of stone. We carefully observed these objects before the experiment. The wooden block seemed light and porous, the metal coin was shiny and heavy, the plastic ball was smooth and hollow, and the small piece of stone was rough and dense.
Then, we slowly put the wooden block into the water. To our surprise, it floated on the water surface easily. Next, when we put the metal coin into the water, it sank to the bottom of the tank immediately. After that, we placed the plastic ball into the water, and it also floated. Finally, we dropped the small piece of stone into the water, and it sank just like the metal coin.
During the experiment, we found that the objects which were less dense than water, like the wooden block and the plastic ball, tended to float. On the other hand, the objects which were more dense than water, such as the metal coin and the small piece of stone, sank. This experiment made us understand the basic principle of object floating and sinking better.
11. What was the main medium for this experiment?
A. Air
B. Water
C. Sand
D. Oil
Answer: B。

解析：文章明确提到“We prepared a large glass tank filled with water, which was the main medium for our experiment.”，即水是这个实验的主要介质，所以答案是B。

12. Which object sank immediately when put into the water?
A. The wooden block
B. The plastic ball
C. The metal coin
D. The small piece of stone
Answer: C。

解析：根据文中“Next, when we put the metal coin into the water, it sank to the bottom of the tank immediately.”可知，金属硬币放入水中时立刻下沉，所以答案是C。

13. What was the characteristic of the plastic ball?
A. Heavy and shiny
B. Light and porous
C. Rough and dense
D. Smooth and hollow
Answer: D。

解析：文中提到“the plastic ball was smooth and hollow”，所以塑料球的特征是光滑且中空的，答案是D。

14. Which of the following statements is true according to the experiment?
A. All objects float in water.
B. Objects less dense than water tend to float.
C. The shape of the object decides whether it floats or sinks.
D. Only light objects can float.
Answer: B。

解析：文章最后提到“During the experiment, we found that the objects which were less dense than water, like the wooden block and the plastic ball, tended to float.”，这表明比水密度小的物体往往会漂浮，所以答案是B。

15. What was the purpose of this experiment?
A. To play with different objects
B. To make the water dirty
C. To explore the principle of object floating and sinking
D. To see which object is the most beautiful
Answer: C。

解析：文章开头就说“In a sixth - grade science class, we carried out an interesting experiment to explore the principle of whether objects float or sink.”，所以这个实验的目的是探究物体沉浮的原理，答案是C。

4
<背景文章>
Sound is an interesting and mysterious thing. Today, we are going to do an experiment about how sound travels.
The aim of this experiment is to show that sound needs a medium to travel. For this experiment, we need some simple instruments. We need a glass jar, a small bell, and a cork.
First, we tie the small bell to the cork. Then we put the cork with the bell into the glass jar. At this time, we can hear the bell ringing clearly when we shake the glass jar a little. Next, we use a vacuum pump to pump out the air in the glass jar slowly. As the air in the jar is being pumped out, we will notice that the sound of the bell becomes fainter and fainter. When most of the air is pumped out of the jar, we can hardly hear the bell ringing
at all.
This experiment shows that sound needs a medium (like air in this case) to travel. Without a medium, sound cannot be transmitted effectively.
16. What is the aim of this experiment?
A. To show that sound can travel in any situation.
B. To show that sound needs a medium to travel.
C. To show that the bell can ring without air.
D. To show that the glass jar can stop the sound.
答案：B。

<解析：文章明确提到这个实验的目的是展示声音需要介质来传播，而不是声音在任何情况下都能传播，也不是铃铛在没有空气的情况下能响或者玻璃罐子能阻止声音，所以选B。

>
17. Which of the following is NOT an instrument used in this experiment?
A. A glass jar.
B. A small bell.
C. A cork.
D. A ruler.
答案：D。

<解析：文章提到实验用到了玻璃罐子、小铃铛和软木塞，并没有提到尺子，所以选D。

>
18. What happens to the sound of the bell when the air in the jar is being pumped out?
A. It becomes louder.
B. It becomes fainter.
C. It doesn't change.
D. It stops immediately.
答案：B。

<解析：根据文章内容，当罐子里的空气被抽出时，铃铛的声音变得越来越微弱，而不是变大、不变或者立即停止，所以选B。

>
19. Where is the bell put at the beginning of the experiment?
A. On the table.
B. In the glass jar tied to the cork.
C. Outside the glass jar.
D. In the vacuum pump.
答案：B。

<解析：文章中说首先把系着铃铛的软木塞放到玻璃罐子里，所以选B，而不是放在桌子上、玻璃罐外面或者真空泵里。

>
20. What can we conclude from this experiment?
A. Sound can travel without a medium.
B. The glass jar is not important for the experiment.
C. Sound needs a medium to travel.
D. The bell can't ring in the jar.
答案：C。

<解析：整个实验表明声音需要介质来传播，这是实验的结论，A选项与实验结果相悖，B选项玻璃罐子是实验的重要部分，D选项铃铛在罐子里是可以响的，只是空气被抽出后声音变弱，所以选C。

>
5
<Background Article>
Friction is a very interesting concept in science. In a sixth - grade science class, we decided to do an experiment to explore friction.
The starting point of this experiment was our curiosity about why some things slide easily while others don't. To prepare for this experiment, we needed several materials. We got a wooden block, a piece of glass, a rough sandpaper, a smooth plastic sheet, and a spring scale.
The implementation process was as follows. First, we placed the wooden block on the flat table. Then, we attached the spring scale to the wooden block gently. We pulled the spring scale slowly and measured the force required to make the wooden block start moving on the table. This force was the frictional force between the wooden block and the table. Next, we repeated the same process, but this time we put the wooden block on different surfaces one by one, like the piece of glass, the rough sandpaper, and the smooth plastic sheet.
The results we got were quite amazing. When the wooden block was on the glass, it took the least amount of force to start moving. This is because the glass surface is very smooth, so there is less friction. When the wooden block was on the rough sandpaper, we had to use a much larger force to make it move. The rough surface of the sandpaper creates a large amount of friction. And when it was on the plastic sheet, the force required
was in between that of the glass and the sandpaper.
21. What was the starting point of this experiment?
A. To test the function of the spring scale.
B. To explore why some things slide easily and others don't.
C. To compare different materials.
D. To show off their scientific knowledge.
Answer: B. 解析：文章明确提到这个实验的出发点是对为什么有些东西容易滑动而有些不容易滑动感到好奇，选项A说测试弹簧秤的功能，文章未提及；选项C比较不同材料是实验的一部分而不是出发点；选项D炫耀科学知识不符合文意。

22. Which material was not used in the experiment?
A. A wooden block.
B. A metal plate.
C. A piece of glass.
D. A smooth plastic sheet.
Answer: B. 解析：文章提到使用了木块、玻璃、砂纸、塑料片，没有提到金属板，所以答案是B。

23. When was the least amount of force required?
A. When the wooden block was on the sandpaper.
B. When the wooden block was on the glass.
C. When the wooden block was on the plastic sheet.
D. When the wooden block was on the table.
Answer: B. 解析：根据文章结果部分，当木块在玻璃上时，使它开始移动所需的力最小，而在砂纸时需要很大的力，在塑料片上所需的力介于玻璃和砂纸之间，在桌子上没有提及比玻璃所需力更小，所以答案是B。

24. What was used to measure the frictional force?
A. A ruler.
B. A balance.
C. A spring scale.
D. A thermometer.
Answer: C. 解析：文章中明确说把弹簧秤连接到木块上，拉动弹簧秤来测量使木块开始移动所需的力，这个力就是摩擦力，所以用的是弹簧秤，而尺子、天平、温度计都不符合文章内容。

25. What can we learn from this experiment?
A. Different surfaces have the same amount of friction.
B. Friction has nothing to do with the surface.
C. Different surfaces have different amounts of friction.
D. Friction is only related to the weight of the object.
Answer: C. 解析：从实验结果可以看出，不同的表面（（玻璃、砂纸、塑料片）使木块移动所需的力不同，也就是摩擦力不同，选项A 说不同表面有相同的摩擦力是错误的；选项B说摩擦力和表面无关也是错误的；选项D说摩擦力只和物体重量有关，文章未提及重量，所以答案是C。

6
<背景文章>
Magnets are very interesting objects with unique properties. In this science experiment, we are going to explore some of these properties.
The purpose of this experiment is to find out how magnets attract and repel different materials. For this experiment, we need the following materials: a bar magnet, some iron nails, some copper coins, some pieces of paper, and a plastic ruler.
The first step is to take the bar magnet and bring it close to the iron nails. We can observe that the iron nails are attracted to the magnet. Next, we bring the magnet close to the copper coins. We find that the copper coins are not attracted to the magnet. Then we place a piece of paper between the magnet and the iron nails. Surprisingly, the iron nails are still attracted to the magnet through the paper. Finally, we take two bar magnets and try to bring their like poles (either both north poles or both south poles) close to each other. We notice that they repel each other, while when we bring the opposite poles close, they attract each other.
From this experiment, we can conclude that magnets have the property of attracting ferromagnetic materials like iron, but not non - ferromagnetic materials like copper. Also, magnets can attract through some non - magnetic materials like paper, and they either attract or repel each other depending on the poles.
26. What is the purpose of this experiment?
A. To see how magnets break different materials.
B. To find out how magnets attract and repel different materials.
C. To test the strength of magnets.
D. To find new materials for magnets.
答案：B。

解析：文章明确提到“The purpose of this experiment is to find out how magnets attract and repel different materials.”，所以答案是B，A选项中说的破坏材料、C选项中的测试磁铁强度以及D选项中的寻找新的磁铁材料都未在文中提及。

27. Which of the following materials are attracted to the magnet in this experiment?
A. Copper coins.
B. Iron nails.
C. Pieces of paper.
D. Plastic ruler.
答案：B。

解析：文中提到“The first step is to take the bar magnet and bring it close to the iron nails. We can observe that the iron nails are attracted to the magnet.”，而铜硬币、纸张和塑料尺子都不被磁铁吸引，所以答案是B。

28. What happens when we place a piece of paper between the magnet and the iron nails?
A. The iron nails are no longer attracted to the magnet.
B. The magnet loses its power.
C. The iron nails are still attracted to the magnet.
D. The paper is attracted to the magnet.
答案：C。

解析：根据文中“Then we place a piece of paper between the magnet and the iron nails. Surprisingly, the iron nails are still attracted to the magnet through the paper.”可知，铁钉子仍然被磁铁吸引，A选项说不再被吸引是错误的，B选项磁铁失去力量未提及，D选项纸张被吸引也不符合原文，所以答案是C。

29. When two bar magnets' like poles are brought close to each other, what will happen?
A. They attract each other.
B. They break each other.
C. They have no reaction.
D. They repel each other.
答案：D。

解析：文中明确指出“Finally, we take two bar magnets and try to bring their like poles (either both north poles or both south poles) close to each other. We notice that they repel each other”，所以答案是D，A选项是相反磁极的情况，B选项破坏彼此和C选项没有反应都不符合原文。

30. What can we conclude about magnets from this experiment?
A. Magnets can only attract iron.
B. Magnets can attract through any material.
C. Magnets have the property of attracting ferromagnetic materials and show attraction or repulsion depending on poles.
D. Magnets can't attract through non - magnetic materials.
答案：C。

解析：文章最后提到“From this experiment, we can conclude that magnets have the property of attracting ferromagnetic materials like iron, but not non - ferromagnetic materials like copper. Also, magnets can attract through some non - magnetic materials like paper, and they either attract or repel each other depending on the poles.”，A选项说只能吸引铁太绝对，B选项说能通过任何材料吸引错误，D选项说不能通过非磁性材料吸引也错误，所以答案是C。