汉英翻译学习笔记｜2021年总理答记者问

汉英翻译学习笔记｜2021年总理答记者问
美国消费者新闻与商业频道记者：李总理，新冠肺炎疫情对许多工作完成的方式和地点都产生了影响，疫情暴发一年了，请问中国就业质量和收入有什么明显的变化，中方将采取什么具体的措施改善这种状况？特别是在人口老龄化背景下，对消费需求特别是国外品牌消费有什么影响？
LKQ：就业对一个国家、对一个家庭可以说都是天大的事。

（1）去年在疫情肆虐的时候，很多街面上都见不到行人了，多数店铺都关了，当时我们最担心的就是出现大规模的失业。

（2）记得后来我到地方考察，看了不少店铺。

在一个小店，（3）店主跟我说，3个月没有营业了，因为政府减免税费，支持减免房租、水电费，稳岗补贴资金到位，我们没有裁员，挺过来了。

（4）我问员工的工资怎么办？他说当时只发生活费了。

（5）在场的20多位员工都说，店里管吃管住，不让我们下岗，还有什么说的。

（6）企业和员工都明白，只要保住了企业、稳住了岗位，一复工复市，生意就会旺起来。

官方译文
Premier Li: Employment is of paramount importance for a family and a country. In the raging times of COVID-19 last year when bustling streets were deserted and shops were closed, our biggest concern was massive job losses.I recall a visit to a small shop during a local inspection tour. The shop owner told me that he was practically out of business for almost three months, but because of the government support in tax and fee cuts, exemptions of utility bills and rents, and wage subsidies, he managed to pull through and didn’t let any employee go. I asked him if he could still afford to pay his employees wages. He said he gave them some living allowances. There were some 20 employees on the spot . They all said they had nothing to complain about when they could still have something to
cover their basic needs in such difficult times. Both the company and the employees were aware that as long as the company and jobs were there, once production was resumed, business would go up.
翻译解析
（1）译文将四个小分句合并处理成一个句子，前三个分句介绍背景信息，最后一个分句表明关切。

“很多街面上都见不到行人了”译为“bustling streets were deserted”，bustling（熙熙攘攘）与deserted（空无一人）将疫情前后的街面景象进行了反差对比。

（2）先看下（2）和（3）的逻辑关系：（2）先总体说明考察参观这件事，（3）再具体说起某个小店铺的事例，它们分别单独成句。

此外，（2）中删除了“看了不少店铺”这层意思，因为它与接下来所讲的“小店铺”内容关系不大。

（3）几个分句合并处理成两个含有转折关系的并列分句。

“因为政府减免税费，支持减免房租、水电费，稳岗补贴资金到位”，这句其实就是讲政府在某几方面都给予了支持，所以译文处理为“because of government support in… ”
（4）“我问员工的工资怎么办？”先做中文对等转换，即“我问他是否还能给员工付得起工资？”
（5）第一个分句独立成句。

后三个分句合并成一句，根据英文“先表态，后叙事”原则，先处理“还有什么说的”即“没什么可抱怨的”，然后再陈述原因，即译文中when引导的状从结构。

此外，译文对“店里管吃管住”进行“宏观”转换，即“店铺给员工发基本生活费”；译文删除了“不让我们下岗”，因为它和“发生活费”有语义重合（发生活费=不下岗）
（6）顺句驱动处理。

“只要保住了企业、稳住了岗位”译文做了简化处理，即“只要企业和岗位还在或者说稳得住”。

“复工复市”这个表达比较宏观，对于因疫情停业的小店铺来讲，这里更偏重于“恢复生产”这层意思。

重点短语归纳
1. 对…是天大的事be of paramount importance for…；
paramount = more important than anything else; supreme 最重要的；至高无上的；
supreme = superior to all others （权力、机构、掌权人）最高的
2.在…肆虐的时候in the raging times of …
3.我们最担心的是… our biggest concern is …
4.大规模失业massive job losses
5.我记得… I recall…
6.地方考察 a local inspection tour
7.…个月没有营业了 be out of business for…month(s)（…个月没生意）
8.在减免税费、房租、水电费和稳岗补贴资金方面的支持
support in tax and fee cuts, exemptions of utility bills and rents, and wage subsidies（具体哪项是“减”，哪项是“免”，要根据实情选词。

）
9.挺过来了 manage to pull through; pull through恢复健康；渡过难关
10.给员工付得起工资 afford to pay employees wages
11.在场员工 employees on the spot
12.企业和员工都明白，只要保住了企业、稳住了岗位，一复工复市，生意就会旺起来。

Both the company and the employees were aware that as long as the company and jobs were there, once production was resumed, business would go up.
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编辑：Dennis
解析：Dennis
校对：Dennis
声明
本材料摘选自2021年ZL记者会内容，翻译解析为本人原创，仅供学习交流使用。