2020年上海市市西高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析

2020年上海市市西高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
What to Eat—and What to Skip—When It Comes to Takeout Food
If the burden on your wallet doesn't bother you much, the effect your takeout habit can have on your waistline just might arouse your attention. Here's the best and worst of the lot for your belly.
Steamed Vegetable Dumplings: Order This.
When she orders Chinese, registered dietitian nutritionist Elisa Zied gets an order of steamed vegetable dumplings. "I often pair them with either chicken and broccoli in brown sauce（I ask for a little saucemade without sugar）or steamed shrimp dumplings," she tells us.
Crab Wontons: Not That!
When you deconstruct crab wontons, it's easy to see why they're a "Not That!" The inside is filled with crabmeat and cream cheese（which is just a fancy, spreadable fat）.The wonton is made of refined flour, egg and salt and the crispy（脆的）coating is a result of a deep oil bath.
Peking Duck: Order This.
Most of the fat from the skin flows out of the duck over the course of cooking, making this a healthier choice than most of the stir-fry dishes available. Order a side of steamed vegetables and serve it with a small scoop of brown rice. Done and done!
Sweet and Sour Anything: Not That!
Anything with “sweet and sour” in its title is a powerful cue that something has been deep-fried and covered in a sickly-sweet pink sauce. If you pair your selection with a side of rice, you're looking at a 1,000-calorie meal.
Summer Roll: Order This.
Summer rolls are steamed instead of fried—and typically filled with lean proteins and vegetables, making them a winning appetizer in our book. Pair them with an order of edamame（毛豆）and a broth-based soup for a satisfying, filling meal.
Spring Roll: Not That!
Spring=deep-fried, which is why we say to skip them! They're filled with fat and calories your belly doesn't need.
1.What kind of cooking method should be skipped according to the text?
A.Steaming.
B.Stir-frying.
C.Deep-frying.
D.Boiling.
2.Which of the following suits as a good starter for a meal?
A.Chicken and broccoli.
B.Steamed vegetable dumplings.
C.Peking duck.
D.Summer rolls.
3.Where can the text be found?
A.In a recipe.
B.In a guidebook.
C.In a science fiction.
D.In a health magazine.
B
Thursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.
AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?
“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.
Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.
4. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?
A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.
B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.
C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.
D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.
5. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?
A. Making a comparison.
B. Serving as a connecting link.
C. Analyzing the cause and effect.
D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.
6. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.
B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.
C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.
D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. What makes theArcticattractive?
B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?
C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?
D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?
C
Hundreds of children are being treated for sleep problems in Wales every year. In some cases，babies，infants (婴儿)and teenagers have been admitted to hospital in north Wales alone.
The Children’s Sleep Charity said many children were suffering from lack of sleep mainly because of technology use. Public Health Wales said sleep was as important to a child’s health as healthy eating and exercise，and children with poor sleep patterns were more likely to be fat.
Statistics obtained (获得) under the Freedom of Information Act by BBC Wales found at least 408 children have been admitted to hospitals across Wales suffering from sleep disorders since March 2013.
Children aged between 0 and 4 made up the highest number of inpatients (住院病人)，with some newborns being treated for sleep-related problems from the day of birth.
Vicki Dawson，who set up the Children’s Sleep Charity (CSC)，said sleepless nights were putting both children and parents in anxiety. “Their weight and growth may also be affected as well as their mental health，”she said.
Teachers said children showing signs of sleep shortage and tiredness in class were a concern as they couldn’t concentrate for long periods.
Psychologist Amy McClelland，of Sleep Wales，saida common problem was that children were “over excited”before bed and that families should get back to basics. “Think 1950s family home. Dinner as a family，read，chat，a film maybe，lights off and then bed. ”She added.
8. What’s the mainreason why children are short of sleep？
A. Less exercise.
B. Eating habits.
C. Technology use.
D. Sleep patterns.
9. Who are the majority of the inpatients with sleep-related disorders？
A. Infants.
B. Teenagers.
C. Teachers.
D. Parents.
10. What can we infer from what Amy McClelland said？
A. Chatting and films make children sleep more.
B. It is difficult for children to read before bed.
C. Being too excitedis good for sleep habits.
D. Relaxation has a bad effect on children.
11. What is the best title forthe text？
A. Ways to Treat Sleep Problems
B. Sleep Problems of Welsh Children
C. Sleep Habits of Welsh Children
D. The Problems of Welsh Children
D
A wife’s level of education positively influences both her own and her husband’s chances of having a long life, according to a new Swedish study.
In the study, researchers from the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholmfound that a woman’s level of education had a stronger connection to the likelihood of her husband dying over education. What’s more, they discovered that a husband’s social class, based on his occupation, had a greater influence on his wife’s longevity(长寿) than her own class.
“Women traditionally take more responsibility for the home than men do, and, as a result, women’s levels of education might be more important for determining lifestyles－for example, in terms of food choices－than those of men,” say Srs. Robert Erikson and Jenny Torssander of the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholm.
The results show that a husband’s level of education does not influence his longevity, but that men with partners who had quit studying after school were 25 per cent more likely to die early than men living with women holding university degrees. In turn, those married to women with university degrees were 13 percent more likely
to die early than those whose wives had post-graduate qualifications.
According to the researchers, a woman with a good education may not marry a man who drinks and smokes too much or who drives carelessly, and men with such habits may not prefer highly educated woman. Drs. Erikson and Torssander also suggest that better-educated women may be more aware of what healthy eating and good health care consist of.
The findings suggest that education has a huge impact on how long and how well people live. It also reflects social factors, since educated individuals usually have better jobs, which allow them to afford healthier diets and lifestyles, as well as better health care.
12. In this passage the author intends to ________.
A. present the results of a study
B. encourage women to get higher education
C. analyze the relationship between education and life
D. discuss why women usually live longer than men
13. A woman with higher education is likely to ________.
A. teach her children well
B. earn more money than her husband
C. marry a man without many bad habits
D. choose a husband with a higher degree than hers
14. A wife’s education has more effect on a family than a husband’s because ________.
A. women make more sacrifices to their families than men do
B. most women have higher degrees than their husbands
C. most men marry women with higher degrees
D. women have a leading role in the home life of most families
15. We learn from the passage that ________.
A. a man with a lot of education lives longer than one with little
B. educated wives tend to choose healthy lifestyles for their families
C. highly-educated women don’t marry uneducated men
D. a man’s longevity depends on not only his wife’s level of education but also his own
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
One of the most excitingparts of moving to a new neighbourhood is the chance to find out what makes it so special. Here are some tips for getting started.
16. Walk around
If you want to know what your neighbourhood has to offer, go see it for yourself. Going for a walk is a great way to relax after moving to a new place.___17___
18. Meet your neighbours
The people who live around you are a big part of your community.___19___As for how to do it, follow the golden rule - a little friendliness goes a long way.
20. Shop locally
You can find a box store anywhere you move, but that little mom-and-pop(夫妻店) on the corner is something you’ll only find right where you live.___21___Local business bring local flavour(特色) to their environment, and the restaurants and shops that also call yourneighbourhood home can tell you a story about what’s important there and what brings people together.
22.___23___
Take a short cut to discovering the best of the best in your new neighbourhood by asking for suggestions from people who know. If your job is local, ask your co-workers where they recommend for, say, great live music or the best local dishes.
The day will come when your new neighbourhood no longer seems so new.___24___
A. Ask for suggestions
B. It is important to ask for advice from neighbours.
C. And it will allow you to see your neighbourhood better.
D. By then you will have got used to life in the community.
E. Shopping locally helps you find out what makes it special.
F. Shopping in a store avoid missing worthwhile information.
G. Meeting your neighbours is a good way to understand them.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
If winning is everything, British anthropologists（人类学家）have some advice: Wear red.Their survey of four sports at the 2020 Olympic Games shows competitors were more___21___to win their contests___22___they
worered uniforms or red body armor.
"Across a___23___of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning," report Russell A.Hill and Robert A.Barton of the University of Durham in England.Their findings are in Thursday's___24___of the journal Nature.
Red is___25___with emotions.When people get___26___, their faces turn red.It’s also a reason why stop signs are red.
___27___, the color1 ’s effect may also subconsciously threaten opponents___28___athletic contests, especially when the athletes are___29___in skill and strength, the researchers suggest.
In their____30____, the anthropologists analyzed the results of four combat sports at the summer games: boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.
In those____31____, the athletes were randomly（随机地）assigned____32____protective gear and other sportswear.Athletes____33____red gear won more often in 16 of 21 rounds of competition in all four events.
The effect was the same_____34_____weight classes, too: 19 of 29 classes had more red winners, and only four rounds had more blue winners.The red____35____might also come into play in team sports.
The anthropologists analyzed the Euro 2020 International Soccer Tournament,____36____which teams wore jerseys of different color1 s in different matches.They found that five teams _____37_____more goals and won more often when they wore shirts that were predominantly red, as____38____to blue or white jerseys.
Scientists don't exactly know how wearing red might give athletes a(n)____39____.But the color1 delivers hidden messages of vigor and_____40_____.
21. A. possible B. probable C. likely D. like
22. A. if B. as C. until D. unless
23. A. list B. range C. bunch D. reach
24. A. issue B. report C. magazine D. story
25. A. regarded B. treated C. come D. associated
26. A. angry B. pleased C. depressed D. sad
27. A. Naturally B. Fortunately C. Similarly D. Strangely
28. A. on B. in C. with D. to
29. A. match B. different C. equal D. special
30. A. finding B. explanation C. survey D. information
31. A. affairs B. events C. incidents D. matters
32. A. red B. blue C. white D. color1 ful
33. A. pulling on B. putting on C. dressing D. wearing
34. A. because of B. instead of C. regardless of D. as a result of
35. A. effect B. affect C. result D. side
36. A. on B. for C. in D. about
37. A. completed B. scored C. received D. kept
38. A. fought B. opposed C. competed D. beat
39. A. achievement B. chance C. comfort D. advantage
40. A. danger B. pleasure C. surprise D. disappointment
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In the field of sports, there___41.___(be) some famous living legends, such as Lang Ping, and Michael Jordan.
As a player, Lang Ping brought not___42.___honour but also glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China Women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships as well as the Olympic Games. As a person, she___43.___(love) by fans at home and abroad. Before the 2015 World Cup, she faced a great___44.___(challenge).Two important players had to leave because____45.____health problems. However , Lang Ping didn’t lose heart and she___46.___(lead)her volleyball team to win the championship.
____47.____(know) as “Air Jordan”, Michael Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.Jordan’s skills were____48.____(impress), but the mental strength made him unique. The secret____49.____his success is learning from his______50.______(fail). In life,Jordanhas learnt to share his success with others by starting a club to help young.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My name is Li Kang. Today is my the first day at Senior High school and I'm writing down my thoughts about them. There are sixty-five students in my class-more than my previous class in Junior High. Forty-nine of them are
girls. In other word, there are three times as much girls as boys. They said that girls are usual more hard-working than boys, so in this class, everyone are hard-working. For our homework tonight, we have to write a description of the street we live. I'm looking forward to do it!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，现任你们学校的学生会主席。

你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召全校同学行动起来，为保护野生动物做出自己的努力。

同时下周六学校将组织同学在全市进行保护野生动物宣传活动(publicity campaign)，征召志愿者到校学生会报名。

要点如下：
1.写作目的；
2.倡议原因：
3.提出倡议。

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. C 9. A 10. A 11. B
12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. D
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32.
A 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. C 37.
B 38. B 39. D 40. A
41. are
42. only 43. is loved
44. challenge
45. of 46. led
47. Known 48. impressive
49. to 50. failure
51.(1).去掉my或the
(2). them → it
(3). word → words
(4). much → many
(5). said → say
(6). usual → usually
(7). so → but
(8). are → is
(9). street 后加where
(10). do → doing
52.略。