高中英语谓语动词之被动语态

▲Part1——被动语态
1）被动语态的概念语态是动词的一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。

当主语是谓语动作的执行者时，为主动语态: We ____________(plant) many trees on the hill yesterday.
当主语是谓语动作的承受者时，为被动语态: Many trees ___________________(plant) on the hill yesterday.
2）被动语态的构成→“助动词_______ + 及物动词的________” 即“be + done ”构成
含情态动词的被动语态→情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
You must hand in your homework now. →Your homework _____________________ in now.
▲3）“ get + done”表被动, 多指主语遭遇变化或不好的事件。

He got caught in the rain last night.
4）动词带有双宾语时，可把其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面，变为被动句主语的通常是间接宾语。

His mother gave him a present for his birthday. → He _____________ a present by his mother for his birthday.
（或→A present __________________ to him by his mother for his birthday.）5）当“动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构变为被动结构时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

The manager found a cook smoking in the canteen and fired him on the spot.
= A cook was found smoking in the canteen by the manager and _______________(fire)on the spot.
6）在使役动词have /make /let 以及感官动词see /watch /notice /hear /feel /observe 等后用不定式作宾语补足语时，to 通常省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. → A stranger was seen _____________ into the building.
7）有些由“动词+ 介词/副词”的动词词组，也可用于被动，看作一个整体，其中的介/副不能省略。

My sister was taken care by Grandma when my parents went out to work. (改错)
▲8）“It + be + done + that 从句/to do sth.”是固定句型。

Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses，volunteers are required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.
1, Diana couldn’t move into her new house as it （decorate）.
2, They said great changes （take）place in my village and some factories________________（set）up since2015. 3, The news （release）last Friday and drew a lot of attention.
4, He told me that a new stadium ( build) and it ________________( finish) the next year.
5，A new factory ________________________(build)in our city at that time.
6，Quite a few masterpieces painted by the famous painter __________________(display)in the gallery last week.
7，By the time he got to the school，the first period （finish）.
8，（24新II）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion,_____________________(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
9,（24浙1）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes________________(offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
10,（23甲）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still_________________(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.。