2023年高一上册期中联考英语考题同步训练(天津市六校)

单项选择
e up with D.catch up with
【答案】A
【解析】
考查动词短语辨析。

句意：这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校，但我想我只能尽力而为了。

A. make the best of尽力而为；充分利用；B. get away from避免；逃离；C. come up with提出；想出；D. catch up with 赶上。

结合句意故选A。

单项选择
The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _____them.
A.to follow
B.be following
C.followed
D.following
【答案】D
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。

句意：那对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的
宠物狗跟在后面。

本句为with的复合结构，且follow与dog构成主动关系，故用现在分词。

故选D。

单项选择
After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide _____ for the homeless families.
A.accommodation
B.career
C.creativity
D.challenge
【答案】A
【解析】
考查名词辨析。

句意：地震后，当地政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。

A. accommodation住宿；B. career事业；C. creativity创造力；D. challenge挑战。

根据句意故选A。

单项选择
The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other.
A.it
B.them
C.her
D.that
【答案】A
【解析】
考查代词的用法。

句意：这两个女孩长得如此相像，以致于陌生人觉得很难把她们区分开。

本句中it用在find后作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to tell one from the other。

them，her，that 等词均不能作形式宾语或形式主语。

故选A。

单项选择
_____I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A.While
B.Since
C.As
D.Unless
【答案】A
【解析】
考查连接词辨析。

句意：虽然我承认他并不完美，但我确实喜欢他。

A. While虽然；当……时候；
B. Since因为；
C. As随着；
D. Unless除非。

本句为让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”。

故选A。

单项选择
How happy we are！The winter holiday we have been looking forward
____soon.
A. has come
B. to have come
C. to coming
D. to will come
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查句子结构。

本句中定语从句的先行词是the winter holiday，关系代词that/which指代先行词在句中作为动词短语look forward to的宾语，被省略掉了。

句中的come是谓语动词。

句意：我们真开心啊！我们一直期待的寒假很快就要来了。

故D正确。

单项选择
They then heard a woman's voice coming from the damaged ship. _____the ship, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.
A.Starting
B.Parking
C.Passing
D.Approaching
【答案】D
【解析】
考查动词辨析。

句意：然后他们听到一个女人的声音从受损的船上传来。

当他们走近船时，看到一个女人正试图从破窗户里爬出来。

A.
Starting开始；B. Parking停车；C. Passing通过；D. Approaching接近。

根据句意故选D。

单项选择
The audience was _____to turn their cell phones off in the theatre.
A.selected
B.recognized
C.respected
D.reminded
【答案】D
【解析】
考查动词辨析。

句意：在剧院里，有人提醒观众把手机关掉。

A. selected 选择；B. recognized辨认；C. respected尊重；D. reminded提醒。

结合句意故选D。

单项选择
People say, "Guilin's scenery is matchless in the world." It was not until I visited the place _____ I found it really worthy of the reputation.
A.where
B.when
C.that
D.then
【答案】C
【解析】
考查强调句。

句意：人们常说:“桂林山水甲天下。

”直到我参观了那个地方，我才发现它确实名副其实。

分析句子结构，除开it was和连接词部分剩下的句子结构完整，可知本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，此处强调的是“not until I visited the place”。

故选C。

完形填空
I can still remember when I met my best friend. She had just moved into the neighborhood and her grandmother brought her down to ___me. I hid behind my mother and she hid behind her grandmother,____to look at each other. Soon we lost the____and started playing with each other.
In the 7th grade, I first lost touch with her. She was___ family problems and I deserted her to be with the____people. None of my new friends liked her as much as I did because they knew she had____. However, every summer we____always sit at each other’s house, watch soap operas, and talk about all the boys we liked.
It was last year when I noticed the problem. I guess I was____devoted in high school to ___she needed someone there. Anyway, she made a new best friend and so did I. Then I didn’t know why, ___she started cutting
herself!
She then was diagnosed with clinical depression(抑郁症). At first, I was very ___, but we still stayed in_____I wanted to be there with her since her new best friend basically ___her and people were calling her_____ Yesterday she came to me and said, “I never knew what a best friend was ___you, the only person, would stop me cutting. I ___your help so much, and you didn’t even know you were ___me.”
We both cried. And I guess a kind of____from my life is never to give up on your friends. Even if they aren’t as cool as others, or people think they are crazy, they need____there. ___you desert them, you will only be guilty yourself.
【1】A.follow B.meet C.join D.support
【2】A.scared B.annoyed C.worried D.excited
【3】A.temper B.trait C.confidence D.shyness
【4】A.taking up B.getting through C.going through D.making up
【5】A.happier B.cooler C.individual D.cleverer
【6】A.problems B.shortcomings C.partners D.disabilities
【7】A.should B.could C.would D.might
【8】A.much B.too C.only D.just
【9】A.admit B.rebel C.consider D.realize
【10】A.but B.for C.or D.so
【11】A.calm B.considerate C.upset D.helpful
【12】A.place B.touch C.control D.mood
【13】A.confused B.bothered C.reminded D.deserted 【14】A.crazy B.bitter C.amazing D.sincere
【15】A.unless B.as C.until D.that
【16】A.grieve B.appreciate C.influence D.demand 【17】A.urging B.blaming C.helping D.hurting
【18】A.honor B.favor C.submission D.lesson
【19】A.someone B.something C.anyone D.everything 【20】A.As if B.Although C.If D.Unless
【答案】
【1】B
【2】A
【3】D
【4】C
【5】B
【6】A
【7】C
【8】B
【9】D
【10】A
【11】C
【12】B
【13】D
【14】A
【15】C
【16】B
【17】C
【18】D
【19】A
【20】C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

讲述了作者帮助自己遇到困难的好朋友的经过，并从中感悟到永远不要离开和放弃你的朋友，因为你离开了朋友，你会为自己的行为感到内疚。

【1】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：她刚搬到附近，她的奶奶带她来见我。

A. follow跟随；B. meet遇见；C. join加入；D. support支持。

根据上下文语境，她的祖母带着新来的她来跟作为邻居的作者见面，应该选meet，这是她俩相识的场景。

故选B。

【2】考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我躲在妈妈后面，她躲在奶奶后面，不敢看对方。

A. scared害怕的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. worried 担心的；D. excited激动的。

描述两人初次见面的情景和心理，彼此躲在家长背后，害怕、不好意思看对方。

scare表示害怕，畏惧。

故选A。

【3】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：很快我们就不再害羞，开始互相玩
耍。

A. temper脾气；B. trait 特征；C. confidence信心；D. shyness 害羞。

联系下文，见面短暂的羞涩过后，不再难为情，两个孩子开始一起玩了起来。

故选D。

【4】考查动词短语辨析。

句意：她正在经历家庭问题。

A. taking up 拿起，占据；B. getting through接通；C. going through经历；度过；D. making up 组成。

七年级的时候，作者和她失去了联系，当时她正在经历家庭问题。

go through表明她正在度过一段艰难而痛苦的时期。

故选C。

【5】考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：而我却抛弃了她，去和更酷的人在一起。

A. happier更幸福的；B. cooler更酷的；C. individual个人的；
D. cleverer更聪明的。

这个时候，作者离开她，交了一些更好的朋友，cooler与最后一段中的cool相对应。

故选B。

【6】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我的新朋友没有一个像我一样喜欢她，因为他们知道她有困难。

A. problems问题；困难；B. shortcomings 缺点；C. partners伙伴；D. disabilities残疾。

上文交代过她家里正在经历困难family problems可知作者的新朋友都没有像作者一样喜欢她，因为他们知道她有困难。

突出了她当时生活很不如意，为下文她的变化埋下伏笔。

故选A。

【7】考查情态动词辨析。

句意：然而，每年夏天我们总是会坐在对方家里，看肥皂剧，谈论我们喜欢的所有男孩。

A. should应该；B. could 能够；C. would将会；D. might可能。

尽管作者的新朋友都不喜欢她，她俩仍然在夏天时一起看肥皂剧，一起谈论喜欢的男孩子。

would表
示过去反复发生，习惯性的动作。

故选C。

【8】考查副词词义辨析。

句意：我想我在高中太投入了，没有意识到她需要帮助。

A. much很多；B. too太；C. only仅仅；D. just只是。

可能是作者太专注于高中的学业，以至于没发现她很需要她的帮助。

"too…to"意思是"太……而不能做某事"。

故选B。

【9】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我想我在高中太投入了，没有意识到她需要帮助。

A. admit承认；B. rebel反抗；C. consider考虑；D. realize 意识到。

在文中因为作者太专注于高中的学业，以至于没意识到她很需要作者的帮助。

作者去年才开始注意到这个问题。

故选D。

【10】考查连词辨析。

句意：然后我不知道为什么，她开始自残!A. but 但是；B. for为了；C. or或者；D. so因此。

作者和她都结交了新的好朋友，后来不知道为什么，她开始自残。

but表示语义的转折，也表现出作者的惊讶和不理解。

故选A。

【11】考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：一开始，我很沮丧。

A. calm平静的；B. considerate体贴的；C. upset沮丧；D. helpful有帮助的。

后来她被诊断患有抑郁症，开始，作者感到很失落。

作为朋友，知道她得病了，心里一定会很难过，所以选upset。

故选C。

【12】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：但我们仍然保持联系。

A. place地方；B. touch触碰；联系；C. control控制；D. mood情绪。

stay in touch 词组意为保持联系。

她生病了，作者开始很失落，但是仍与她保持联系。

因为下文"I wanted to be there for her…"，虽然其他人排斥她，但是作者希望能够多陪陪她，让她不那么孤独。

故选B。

【13】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我想和她在一起，因为她的新闺蜜基本上抛弃了她，人们都叫她疯子。

A. confused困惑；B. bothered 麻烦；C. reminded提醒；D. deserted遗弃；抛弃。

由上下文得知，她得了抑郁症，其他人都不喜欢她，她的新朋友也离开、抛弃了她，故用desert。

故选D。

【14】考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我想和她在一起，因为她的新闺蜜基本上抛弃了她，人们都叫她疯子。

A. crazy疯狂的；B. bitter苦的；
C. amazing令人惊异的；
D. sincere诚挚的。

因为她得了抑郁症，所以其他人不跟她来往，叫她疯子。

故选A。

【15】考查连接词辨析。

句意：昨天她来找我，对我说:“我一直不知道什么是最好的朋友，直到你，唯一的人，阻止我自残。

A. unless除非；B. as随着；C. until直到；D. that那。

固定搭配not/never…until 直到……才……。

可知直到作者第一个来阻止她自残，她才知道什么是最好的朋友。

故选C。

【16】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我非常感激你的帮助，你甚至不知道你在帮助我。

A. grieve悲痛；B. appreciate欣赏；感激；C. influence 影响；D. demand要求。

对于作者能够在自己生病时第一个来阻止她自残，在其他人都离开她的时候不离不弃，她心怀感激。

故选B。

【17】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我非常感激你的帮助，你甚至不知道你在帮助我。

A. urging催促；B. blaming责备；C. helping帮助；D. hurting伤害。

作者在她生病时的陪伴和关怀，对于她来说，就是在帮助她，她因此很是感谢，也把作者当作最真心的好朋友。

故选C。

【18】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我想从我的生活中学到的一课就是永远不要放弃你的朋友。

A. honor荣誉；B. favor帮助；C. submission 投降；屈服；D. lesson教训。

作者也从朋友的经历中得到一生的教训，就是永远不要放弃你的朋友。

lesson在此意为教训，经验。

故选D。

【19】考查不定代词辨析。

句意：即使他们不像其他人那么酷，或者人们认为他们疯了，他们需要某个人。

A. someone某人；B. something 某事；C. anyone任何人；D. everything一切。

与上文出现的"she needed someone there for her"相呼应。

文中意思是即使你原先的朋友没有别人那么好，或者别人认为他们是疯子，他们仍需要你，不要放弃和他们做朋友。

故选A。

【20】考查连词词义辨析。

句意：如果你抛弃他们，你只会让自己内疚。

A. As if好像；B. Although尽管；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。

本文主旨就是永远不要离开，永远不要放弃你的朋友，所以如果你离开了朋友，你会为自己的行为感到内疚。

为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。

故选C。

阅读理解
After a serious earthquake happened, a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to his son's school, only to find that the building where his son studied had collapsed and looked like a pancake．
He was shocked. He didn't know what he should do for a while, then he remembered the words he had said to his son，“No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！” And tears began to fill his eyes. He started digging through the ruins.
As he was digging, other helpless parents and the firemen arrived and tried to pull him off the ruins, saying，“It's too late! They're all dead! There's nothing you can do！”To them he replied with one line，“Are you going to help me now？”And then he kept on digging.
No one helped, however. He went on alone because he needed to know for himself，“Is my boy alive or is he dead？” He dug for eight hours (12)
hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in the 39th hour, he pulled back a rock and heard his son's words. He shouted his son's name，“ARMAND！”He heard back, “Dad It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you'd save me and when you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, ‘No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！’You did it, Dad！”
“What's going on there? How is it？”the father asked.
“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad. We're frightened, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building fell down, it made a triangle, and it saved us.”
“Come out, boy！”
“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No
matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me！”
【1】The underlined word “collapsed” probably means______.
A.fallen down
B.shaken violently
C.stood by
D.gone off
【2】Who came to help the father when he was digging?
A.His wife.
B.Other parents.
C.The firemen.
D.No one.
【3】Other parents and the firemen wanted to pull him off the ruins because they thought_______.
A.he was mad
B.all the children had died in the earthquake
C.he was too dangerous to others
D.it was not his job to dig
【4】How many students were still alive when the father found them in the ruins?
A.Fourteen.
B.Thirty three.
C.Forty seven.
D.Nineteen.
【5】We can learn from the passage that________.
A.it took the father one day to find his son and other students
B.his wife died in the earthquake
C.his son was the last one to come out of the ruins
D.the son didn't believe his father would come to save him
【答案】
【1】A
【2】D
【3】B
【4】A
【5】C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了地震后，面对变为废墟的学校，好多家长都放弃了，而且在没有人的帮助下，一位救子心切的爸爸还是徒手挖了39个小时，救出了自己的儿子和同学们。

【1】词义猜测题。

根据下文…looked like a pancake可知父亲赶往儿子的学校，结果发现儿子学习的那栋楼已经倒塌，看上去像个煎饼一样。

可知，划线单词意思为“倒塌”，结合选项，故选A。

【2】细节理解题。

根据文章第四段No one helped, however.（然而没有任何一个人来帮助他）可知当父亲在挖土时，没有一个人来帮助他。

故选D。

【3】细节理解题。

根据文章第三段As he was digging, other helpless parents and the firemen arrived and tried to pull him off the ruins, saying，“It's too late! They're all dead! There's nothing you can do！”（当他在挖掘时，其他无助的父母和消防队员赶到，试图把他从废墟上拉下来，说："太晚了！他们都死了！你无能为力！"）可知，其他的父母和消防队员想把他从废墟里拉出来，因为他们认为所有的孩子都在地震中
丧生了。

故选B。

【4】细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第三段There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad．（爸爸，我们33个人中还有14个人活着）可知当父亲在废墟中发现他们时，有14个学生还活着。

故选A。

【5】推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me！”（“不，爸爸！先让其他孩子先出去，因为我知道你会抓住我的！不管发生什么事，我知道你永远都会在我身边！"）可知，文中救人的这个爸爸的儿子是最后一个从废墟中出去的学生。

故选C。

阅读理解
The ringed planet Saturn has 53 known moons. And another one may be on the way. NASA’s Cassini-Huyens space probe has spotted（发现）a small shape in Saturn’s outermost ring. It suggests the existence of a new moon. The moon has not been directly spotted yet, but scientists have already given it a nickname---Peggy.
The probe’s findings were published in the journal Icarus. Casssini has been observing the ringed planet and its surroundings since 2004. Saturn is a big and powerful world. With a diameter of 74, 732 miles, it is 9½
times the size of Earth. It spins very quickly, and take only 11 hours to spin fully on its axis(轴). The planet is located about 885.9 million miles from the sun and has an average temperature of -285 degrees Fahrenheit.
Peggy will be joining a large community. Saturn has thousands of rings. The outermost ring, called the A Ring, is the largest and brightest. It measures 750 miles long and 6 miles wide. Saturn’s rings are made up of rock, dust and ice, and are constantly gathering space matter. As this material gathers and clumps together, moons are born.
If Peggy is a new moon, it is also a tiny one, measuring only 0.5 miles in diameter. But there is no telling how big this baby will grow over time. “We’ve never seen anything like this before,” said astronomer Carl Murray in a statement . He is the lead author of the Icarus report. “We may be looking at an act of birth, where this object is leaving the rings and heading off to be a moon in its own right.” Once that happens, it will be given a formal name.
However, this mini moon may be one of Saturn’s last. The formation of all its moons, new and old, big and small, has used up much of the rings’ raw material. After 4.5 billion years, Saturn may have finally revealed all its babies.
【1】Which of the following is TRUE about Saturn?
A.It has hundreds of rings.
B.It is much bigger than Earth.
C.It moves as quickly as Earth.
D.Its 53rd known moon is called Peggy.【2】What does the underlined word“It”in Paragraph3 refer to? A.Saturn’s biggest moon. B.Saturn’s innermost ring.
C.Saturn’s outermost ring.
D.Saturn’s new moon Peggy.
【3】We can infer from Paragraph 4 that .
A.Peggy may disappear soon
B.Peggy may grow bigger and bigger
C.Peggy will have its own moon soon
D.Peggy is the new moon’s formal name
【4】According to the last paragraph, .
A.Saturn will have more and more moons
B.Saturn’s rings will have more and more material
C.Saturn’s rings may disappear in 4.5 billion years
D.Saturn won’t have too many moons younger than Peggy
【5】Which can be the best title for the text?
A.Saturn’s baby moon
B.The future of Saturn
C.Saturn’s beautiful rings
D.Interesting facts about Saturn
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】B
【4】D
【5】A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了土星衍生出来的小的月球Peggy的一些情况，随着时间的推移，Peggy会变得越来越大，而Peggy也有可能是土星最后的卫星之一。

【1】细节理解题。

根据第二段中With a diameter of 74, 732 miles, it is 9½ times the size of Earth.（直径为74 732英里, 是地球的9.5倍）可知土星比地球大得多。

故选B。

【2】词义猜测题。

根据第三段The outermost ring, called the A Ring, is the largest and brightest. （最外层的环叫做A环，是最大最亮的）可知叫做A环的最外环是最大也是最耀眼的，后面介绍他们长宽各是多少，说明后面的it指代的是“土星最外层的光环”。

故选C。

【3】细节理解题。

根据第四段中But there is no telling how big this baby will grow over time.（但随着时间的推移，谁也不知道这个Peggy婴儿会长多大）可知Peggy可能会变得越来越大。

故选B。

【4】细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句However, this mini moon may be one of Saturn’s last.（然而，这颗小卫星可能是土星最后的卫星之一）可知土星不会有太多比Peggy新出现的卫星。

故选D。

【5】主旨大意题。

根据第一段中It suggests the existence of a new moon. The moon has not been directly spotted yet, but scientists have already given it a nickname---Peggy.（它表明新月的存在。

这颗月球还没有被直接发现，但科学家们已经给它起了个外号——Peggy）以及
文章主要内容围绕着土星这颗新衍生出来的小月球Peggy的情况而展开，故选A。

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。

命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。

文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。

（2）语言转述型。

（3）语意理解型。

（4）是非辨别型。

（5）事实排序型。

如第一小题，属于语言转述类型的细节理解题。

根据第二段中With a diameter of 74, 732 miles, it is 9½ times the size of Earth.（它的直径为74732英里, 是地球的9.5倍）可知土星比地球大得多。

故选B。

阅读理解
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili(辣椒)in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences, and cultural influences affect our taste
buds, too. But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake--we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits（特点）with intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty. It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality, for example, whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given cups of water with capsaicin, the plant chemical that makes chili burn, mixed into them.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaires and what participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who were most inclined to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six
times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason why some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. “It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly, it’s that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained.
【1】What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A.dislike
B.fear
C.put up with
D.adapt to
【2】What Professor John Hayes said means_________.
A.a love of chili is related to childhood experiences
B.cultural influences affect our taste buds
C.we eat what we like and we like what we eat
D.we ignore eating chili is related to our personalities
【3】What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A.What we eat actually helps to develop our personalities.
B.Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C.Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D.People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.【4】Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A.Because their taste buds have become less sensitive.
B.Because they love the burning sensation.
C.Because they want to challenge themselves.
D.Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns.
【5】What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.His or her parents’ diets decide on his or her personality.
B.The latest study shows whether a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on his or her personality.
C.His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality.
D.His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality.
【答案】
【1】A
【2】D
【3】C
【4】B
【5】B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

本文主要向我们介绍了一项关于人为什么喜欢辣味食物的研究，研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣跟一个人的个性有关，是因为喜欢刺激和舌头燃烧的感觉。

【1】词义猜测题。

根据上文Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili 可知科学家们对于为什么一些人很喜欢辣椒而
其他人很不喜欢感到很困惑，loathe与love为反义词，为不喜欢，故划线单词意为"dislike"，故选A。

【2】细节理解题。

根据第三段中“But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers, ” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.（“但实际上，没有人愿意直接将这些性格特征与辣椒的摄入联系起来。

”领导这项研究的宾夕法尼亚州立大学教授John Hayes 说）可知按照John Hayes教授的说法，我们忽视吃辣椒与我们的性格有关。

故选D。

【3】细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段Researchers found that those who most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.（研究人员发现，那些最喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喝麻辣水的可能性是其他人的六倍）可知研究人员发现那些喜欢冒险的人更喜欢辣椒，由此可知不喜欢冒险的人不喜欢辣椒，故选C。

【4】细节理解题。

根据第四段中It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue.（事实上，它是一种你在舌头表面感觉到的灼烧感）以及最后一段It's not that it doesn't burn as badly，it's that you actually learn to like the burn，"Hayes explained.（Hayes解释说:“并不是说它灼烧得厉害，而是你真的学会了喜欢那种烧起来的感觉。

”）可知人们喜欢吃辣是因为人们喜欢辣椒带来的灼烧的感觉，故选B。

【5】主旨大意题。

根据第二段But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.（但据加拿大广播公司报道，最新研究发现，一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他或她的性格有关）以及文章主要内容为研究发现人们喜欢吃热辣的东西和人的性格有关，接着作者对研究的过程展开说明。

故选B。

其他阅读题型
阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。

In the last week, terrible floods have hit Prague, the beautiful old capital city of the Czech Republic. These are the worst floods for over 100 years, leaving thousands of people without homes.
The floods rushed into Prague zoo as well, and hundreds of zoo animals had to swim for their lives. One of the monkeys drowned in two minutes, because the place where he lived was covered by water.
An elephant, called Kadir, also drowned, but his death helped to save other animals. Kadir was famous because he had appeared on TV. When they heard the news of his death, hundreds of people phoned the zoo offering help.
After the sad news of the elephant’s death, many volunteers came to the
zoo to help the animals. This was not easy. They had to use the huge machines to lift things onto ships. Without these, it would have been impossible to lift the very large animals like elephants.
Other animals swam out and were found in the rivers. One of the seals, Gaston, swam to Germany, 120 kilometers away. In the end, four hundred animals were salvaged.
【1】Why do you think the elephant death helped to save other animals?(no more than 15 words)
___________________________________________________________ ______________
【2】How did a seal survive the flood at last? (no more than 10 words) ___________________________________________________________ ______________
【3】What’s main idea of Paragraph 4? (no more than 8 words)
___________________________________________________________ ______________
【4】The underlined word “salvaged” can be best replaced with ______.(no more than 2 words)
___________________________________________________________ ______________
【5】Do you want to be a volunteer to help save the animals? And why?(no more than 25 words)
___________________________________________________________ ______________
【答案】
【1】Because Kadir had appeared on TV and was famous, many people offered help.
【2】It swam to Germany and was saved there.
【3】Volunteers helped to save the animals.
【4】Saved/ Rescued
【5】Yes, I want to be a volunteer because I love animals and we should look after them at any time.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

上周，可怕的洪水袭击了捷克共和国老首府布拉格，数以百计的动物园动物不得不游泳求生，一头名叫卡迪尔的大象也淹死了，但他的死帮助拯救了其他动物。

卡迪尔因为上过电视而出名，当他们听到他的死讯时，数百人给动物园打电话提供帮助。

【1】细节理解题。

根据第三段An elephant, called Kadir, also drowned, but his death helped to save other animals. Kadir was famous because he had appeared on TV. When they heard the news of his death, hundreds of people phoned the zoo offering help.（一头名叫卡迪尔的大象也淹死了，但他的死帮助拯救了其他动物。

卡迪尔因为上过电视而出名。

当他们听到他的死讯时，数百人给动物园打电话提供帮助）可知因为大象上过电视很出名，所以人们都来帮助。

故填“Because
Kadir had appeared on TV and was famous, many people offered help.”。

【2】细节理解题。

根据最后一段Other animals swam out and were found in the rivers. One of the seals, Gaston, swam to Germany, 120 kilometers away. In the end, four hundred animals were salvaged.（其他动物游了出来，在河里被发现，其中一只海豹加斯顿游到120公里外的德国，最后，400只动物被打捞上来）可知海豹游到了德国，然后被打捞上来了。

故填“It swam to Germany and was saved there.”。

【3】主旨大意题。

根据第四段第一句After the sad news of the elephant’s death, many volunteers came to the zoo to help the animals. This was not easy. They had to use the huge machines to lift things onto ships. Without these, it would have been impossible to lift the very large animals like elephants.（大象死亡的噩耗传来后，许多志愿者来到动物园帮助动物。

）以及本段主要内容可知本段主要讲述了志愿者帮助拯救动物。

故填“Volunteers helped to save the animals.”。

【4】词义猜测题。

根据最后一段第一句" Other animals swam out and were found in the rivers．其他动物游了出来，在河里被发现，"可以推测这些动物在河里被发现，然后被救了。

故划线单词可用Saved/ Rescued替换。

故填Saved/ Rescued。

【5】本题是个人观点题，只要合情合理，符合文意即可。

故可以填Yes, I want to be a volunteer because I love animals and we should look after them at any time.（是的，我想成为一名志愿者，因为我喜欢动物，我们应该随时照顾他们）。