[整理]100%机电文本

目录
概要 (3)
1.1 中华人民共和国相关行业规范
1.2 国际设计标准
公用动力设施 (4)
1.3 公用动力设施连接
1.4 公用动力需求量
暖通和空调系统 (6)
1.5设计参数
1.6冷水机房
1.7供暖系统
1.8蒸汽供应
1.9空气调节系统
给排水 (26)
1.10生活用水供应
1.11 水平衡
1.12 热水供水
1.13 灰水再循环系统
1.14 废水和污水排放系统
1.15 雨水排放
1.16 燃气供应系统
消防服务系统 (30)
1.17 消防(管道)系统
1.18 消防系统供水
1.19 自动喷淋系统
1.20 室外消火栓
1.21 室内消火栓及消防卷盘.
1.22 气体灭火系统.
1.23 楼梯正压送风和排烟系统
1.24 自动消防探测报警系统CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION (3)
1.1 PRC Codes of Practice
1.2 International Design Standards UTILITIES (4)
1.3 Utilities Connections
1.4 Utilities Demands
HEATING VENTILATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM (6)
1.6 Design Parameters
1.6 Chilled Water Plant
1.7 Heating System
1.8 Steam Supply
1.9 Air Handling Systems
PLUMBING AND DRAINAGE (26)
1.10 DOMETIC WATER SUPPLY
1.11 Water Balance
1.12 Hot Water Supply
1.13 Grey Water Recycling System
1.14 Waste and Soil Discharge System
1.15 Rain Water Discharge
1.16 Gas Supply System
FIRE SERVICES (30)
1.17 Fire Services (Pipework) Systems﹒
1.18 Fire Water Supply
1.19 Automatic Sprinkler System
1.20 Street Hydrants
1.21 Building Fire Hydrants and Hosereel
1.22 Fixed Gaseous Extinguishing Systems
1.23 Stair Pressurisation and Smoke Extraction System
1.24 Automatic Fire Detection and Alarm System
电气系统 (37)
1.25供电策略
1.26变配电站的配置和配电系统
1.27应急供电
1.28电费计量系统
1.29备用发电机
1.30事故备用照明设备
1.31供电/配电系统接地
1.32防雷保护和接地系统
1.33谐波干扰
1.34来自配电和配电设备的电磁干扰（50赫兹）
弱电系统（ELV） (45)
1.35楼宇自动化系统
1.36 广播
附件A 基地水平衡
附件B 用电负荷
机电图纸ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS (37)
1.25 Power Supply Strategy
1.26 Substation Configuration and Power Distribution System
1.27 Emergency Power Supply
1.28 Stand by Generators
1.29 UPSs
1.30 Tariff Metering System
1.31 Equipment for Emergency Lighting
1.32 Lightning Protection and Earthing System
1.33 Harmonic Disturbance
1.34 Electro Magnetic Interference from electrical distribution and distribution
equipment (Power frequency 50 Hertz)
EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE SYSTEM (ELV) (45)
1.35 Building Automation System
1.36 Public Address
APPENDIX A WATER BALANCING CHART
APPENDIX B SCHEDULE
M & E DRAWINGS
概要
拟建的项目设计符合中国现行有关国家建筑标准、规范、和行业规定，并结合了相关国际标准和
最好的国际习惯做法，以求达到中国和国际设计技术的融合。

1.1 中华人民共和国相关行业规范
i)建筑给水排水设计规范 (GBJ15-88)（1997年版）
ii)饮用水卫生标准 (GB5749-85)
iii)室外给水设计规范 (GBJ13-86)（1997年版）
iv)室外排水设计规范 (GBJ14-87)（1997年版）
v)城市供气工程设计规范（GB50028－93）（2002年版）
vi)大气质量标准 (GB3095-1996)
vii)城市环境噪声标准 (GB3096-93)
viii)大气污染物排放标准 (GB16297-1996)
ix)采暖通风与空气调节设计规范 (GBJ19-87)
x)高层民用建筑设计防火规范 (GB50045-95)（2001年版）
xi)建筑设计防火规范 (GBJ16-87)（2001年版）
xii)火灾自动报警系统设计规范 (GB50116-98)
xiii)自动喷水灭火系统设计规范 (GB50084-2001)
xiv)汽车库、修车库、停车场防火设计规范 (GB50067-97)
xv)工业与民用建筑灭火器配置设计规范 (GBJ140-90)
xvi)二氧化碳消防系统设计规范 (GB50193-93)（1999年版）
xvii)民用建筑电气设计规范 (JGJ/T16-92)
xviii)民用建筑照明设计标准 (GBJ133-90)
xix)供配电系统规范 (GB50052-95)
xx)低压配电设计规范 (GB50054-95)
xxi)建筑照明保护设计规范 (GB50057-94)
xxii)10kV以下变电站设计规范 (GB50053-94)
xxiii)有线电视系统技术规范 (GB50200-94)
xxiv)民用闭路电视监控系统技术规范 (GB50198-94)
xxv)建筑楼宇电缆系统规范(GB/T50311-2000)
xxvi)智能化大楼标准 (GB/T50314-2000)
xxvii)消防控制联系和指挥系统的规定（GB50313－2000）
xxviii)35－110KV变电所设计规范（GB50059－92）
xxix)3－110KV高压配电装置设计规范（GB50060－92）
xxx)通用用电设备配电设计规范（GB50055－93）
xxxi)并列联接电容装置设计规范（GB50227－95）
xxxii)电力装置的继电保护和自动装置设计规范（GB50062－92）
xxxiii)电力工程电缆设计规范（GBH50217－94）
xxxiv)建筑物电气装置（GBT16895.17－2002）
第4部分：安全防护
第44章：过电压保护
第444节：建筑物电气装置电磁干扰（EMI）防护
xxxv)建筑物电气装置（GB/T16895.16－2002）
第五部分：电气设备的选择和安装，
第548节：信息技术装置的接地配置和等电位联结
xxxvi)广播和电视建筑防火设计规范（GYJ33－88）
xxxvii)水喷雾灭火系统设计规范（GB50219－95）
INTRODUCTION
The design of the proposed development will comply with the current relevant standards, codes of
practice and building regulations in China, in conjunction with incorporating relevant international
standards and best international practice so that the building services design is a fusion between
Chinese and international design technology.
1.1 PRC Codes of Practice
i)Code for Building Plumbing and Drainage Design (GBJ15-88) (1997 Edition)
ii)Hygiene Standard for Potable Water (GB5749-85)
iii)Code for External Plumbing Design (GBJ13-86) (1997 Ed.)
iv)Code for External Drainage Design (GBJ14-87) (1997 Ed.)
v)Code for the Design of City Gas Engineering (GB50028-93) (2002 Edition)
vi)Standard for Atmospheric Air Quality (GB3095-1996)
vii)Standard for Environmental Noise of City District (GB3096-93)
viii)Standard for Discharge of Pollutants Atmospheric (GB16297-1996)
ix)Code for Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning Design (GBJ19-87)
x)Code for Fire Protection Design of High Rise Buildings (GB50045-95) (2001 Ed.)
xi)Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GBJ16-87) (2001 Edition)
xii)Code for Automatic Fire Alarm System Design (GB50116-98)
xiii)Code for Automatic Sprinkler System Design (GB50084-2001)
xiv)C ode for Fire Protection Design of Garage, Motor-Repair-Shop and Parking Area (GB50067-97)
xv)Code for Fire Extinguisher of Buildings (GBJ140-90)
xvi)C ode for CO2 Fire Fighting System Design (GB50193-93) (1999 Edition)
xvii)Code for Electrical Design of Civil Buildings (JGJ/T167-92)
xviii)Standard for Lighting Design of Civil Buildings (GBJ133-90)
xix)C ode for Electrical Power Supply and Distribution System (GB50052-95)
xx)Code for LV Electrical Distribution (GB50054-95)
xxi)D esign Code for Lightning Protection of Structures (GB50057-94)
xxii)Code for Design of Electric Substation of 10 kV and below (GB50053-94)
xxiii)Technical Code for Cable Television System (GB50200-94)
xxiv)Technical Code for Regulation of Civil Closed Circuit Monitoring TV System (GB50198-94)
xxv)Code for Design of Cabling System for a Building and Group of Buildings (GB/T50311-2000)
xxvi)Standard for Intelligent Building (GB/T50314-2000)
xxvii)Design Specification for a Communication and Command System for Fire Control
(GB-50313-2000)
xxviii)35-110KV Substation Design Codes (GB50059-92)
xxix)3-110kV High V oltage Distribution Installation Design Codes(GB50060-92)
xxx)General Power Consumption Equipment Distribution Design Codes (GB50055-93)
xxxi)Parallel Connected Capacitors Design Codes (GB50227-95)
xxxii)Relay Protected Power Installation and Automated Design Code (GB50062-92)
xxxiii)C able Design Codes in Electrical Engineering (GBH50217-94)
xxxiv)E lectric Equipment in Building (GBT16895.17-2002)
Part 4: Protection for safety
Chapter 44: Protection against overvoltages
Section 444: Protection against electromagnetic interferences(EMI)in installations of buildings xxxv)Protection Against EMI for Electric Equipment in Buildings (GB/T16895.16-2002)
Part 5: The Selection and Installation of Electric Equipment
Section 548: Grounding Configuration and Equal-potential Connection of Information Technology
Devices
xxxvi)F ire Protection Code for Broadcasting and TV Building Design (GYJ33-88)
xxxvii)Code of Design for Water Spray Extinguishing Systems (GB50219-95)
1.2 国际设计标准
1)注册建筑设计事务所设计指南 (CIBSE)，UK
2)美国采暖制冷空调协会设计指南 (ASHRAE)
3)英国管道协会管道设计指南 (IOP)， UK
4)英国电气工程师协会(IEE) IEE电气接线规定，第16版
5)美国NEP 标准
公用动力设施
1.3公用动力设施连接
本方案所提议的开发项目将座落在新的中央商业区。

对公用设施管道的连接提议如下：
1）下水道
该场所的污水将通过污水处理箱后排放到位于朝阳路和光华路的城市污水总管道。

排水总管的直
径为400毫米。

2) 雨水
没有被排入重复利用系统（“灰水系统”）的雨水将流入朝阳路和光华路的公用设施雨水总管道，
排水总管的直径为800毫米。

3）供水
生活用水的供应取自于通过本场所的城市总水管。

两根DN300的供水管，与朝阳路和光华路
的DN600城市供水总管道相连，为本场所供水。

4) 天然气
本场所的天然气的供应来自于一个通向天然气网络的管道和一个位于本场所北边的减压站。

本场所有两（2）种天然气供应：
一种B级（中等压力）的天然气供应用于电视文化中心TVCC楼的热水器
一种低压的天然气供应用于中央电视台CCTV底层的厨房，电视文化中心TVCC的厨房和
警卫房。

1.2 International Design Standards
1)Design Guides Chartered Institution of Building Services (CIBSE), UK
2)Design Guides, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning (ASHRAE)
3)Plumbing Design Guide, Institution of Plumbing (IOP), UK
4)IEE Wiring Regulations Sixteenth Edition BS7671, The Institution of Electrical Engineers
(IEE), UK
5)NFP Standards, USA
UTILITIES
1.3 Utilities Connections
The proposed development is located in the new CBD development area. The proposed utilities
connections are as follows:
1)Drainage
The foul waste from the site will be discharge through septic tanks to the city foul mains on
Chao Yang Road and Guang Hua Road. The discharge main diameters are 400mm.
2)Rainwater
The rainwater, that is not discharged into the grey water system, will be delivered to the utility
stormwater mains in the Chao Yang Road and Guang Hua Road via 800mm diameter
connections.
3) Water Supply
The domestic water supply is derived from city mains passing the site. Two DN300 supply
pipes from the DN600 city water mains on the Chao Yang Road and Guang Hua Road serve the
site.
4.）Natural Gas
Natural gas will be supplied to the site via a connection from the network and a pressure
reduction station, located at the north of the site.
Low-pressure gas supply will serve the ground level kitchens of CCTV, kitchens in TVCC and
Guardhouse.
5)区域取暖
∙区域取暖（区域主要热水）将由朝阳路和光华路连接到位于下列地点的热交换站：
∙中央电视台CCTV的基座
∙电视文化中心TVCC的地下室
∙警卫房
6）蒸汽
从本场所南边通过的公用设施蒸汽总管道为本场所提供蒸汽，用于为新鲜空气加湿，和本场所内的洗衣间。

建议一根与蒸汽总管道相连的管道通向位于下列地点的蒸汽交换站：
∙中央电视台CCTV的基座
∙电视文化中心TVCC的地下室
在区域供热中断期间，蒸汽供应也将作为备用空间和热水来源。

在这个修理维护过程中，蒸汽通过板式热交换器，给TVCC的低压热水配水系统加热。

7）电力供应
判断供电的级别：本建筑群的性质－中央电视台CCTV是一座高层的广播电视台，电视文化中心TVCC是一个酒店和文化中心，这就意味着根据国家电力设计规则，本项目为一级负荷。

城市电力网将提供三（3）个独立的电源，它们可以是三个110千伏的电源，或者是两个110千伏的电源加上一个10 千伏特殊用途的电源。

两个主电源将同时运作，分担负荷，但是其中每一个在另一个出故障时都将有能力承担全部负荷。

第三个电源将作两个主电源的备用电源，在两个主电源都出故障的时候，它将进入运行，为一些特定的和必须的需求供电。

本场所需要一个110千伏/10千伏的降压变电站，建议将其建于中央电视台CCTV的基座内。

该降压变电站将包括一个位于地下室和一个位于地面层的110千伏高压配电交换装置，还有位于地面层的110千伏/10千伏的变压器（建议使用氯氟化硫气体绝缘变压器），和位于地下室的10千伏中压配电箱。

之所以建议采用本方案，是因为它可以减低变电站的高度，并方便10千伏配电电缆的布线。

将给110千伏的电源提供一个桥型连接开关。

5)District Heating
∙District heating (town main hot water) will be connected from Chao Yang Road and Guang Hua Road to heat exchanger stations in the:
∙Plinth of CCTV
∙Basement of TVCC
∙Guardhouse
6)Steam
The public utility steam main running to the south of the site will deliver steam that will be used for the humidification of fresh air and in the on-site laundry. It is proposed that a connection from the steam mains will feed into steam exchangers stations in:
∙Plinth of CCTV
∙Basement of TVCC.
The steam supply will also act as the stand-by space and water heating source, during the
periods when district heating is not available. During this maintenance period steam will, via a plate heat exchangers, heat the low pressure hot water distribution systems serving TVCC.
7)Electrical Supply
Determination of Power Supply Class: The nature of the buildings - CCTV is a high-rise
Broadcasting Station and TVCC is a Hotel and Cultural Centre- means that according to the National Electrical Design Code the project is a Class 1 Load.
The City Power Network will provide three (3) independent supplies, either three 110kV power supplies or two 110kV power plus one 10kV special-use power. The two main supplies will operate simultaneously sharing the load, however each will be capable of supplying the full load during failure of the other. The third supply serves as stand-by power for the two main power supplies and will switch in to supply specific essential loads in the event of failure of the two main supplies.
A 110kV/10kV step-down substation is required within the site; a location within the plinth of
CCTV is proposed. The step-down substation consists of one basement and one ground level 110kV high voltage distribution switchgear and 110kV/10kV transformers (chlorofluorosulpher gas isolation transformers are proposed), located at ground level and 10kV medium voltage distribution cabinet to be located in the basement. This scheme is proposed as it allows for the height of the substation to be reduced and facilitates the routing of the 10kV distribution cable.
A bridge type link switch will be provided for the 110kV high-voltage power supply.
8） 电话
对连接和设备供给的具体描述将在以后加入（ECADI ）。

建议公用服务设施（由公用设施供应单位所提供）应直接埋在本场所的路面下，并顺着本场所内的道路而布置。

具体的连接方法，层面，确切的位置和其他一些相关的规划性事宜，将与公用设施供应单位，在中央商业区公用设施规划所的协调下，共同商议解决。

本文附录内的草图显示了本方案所建议的连接地点和布线方式。

1.4 对公用设施的需求量
1) 用水量 (包括污水量)
2)
污水排放量
8) Telephone
Description of connections/supplies to be added (Ecadi).
Utility services (provided by the utility suppliers) are proposed to be directly buried and run beneath the site roads.
The connection methods, levels, exact locations and other associated planning issues will be progressed with the public utilities in co-ordination with the CBD Utilities Planning Bureau. The proposed connection locations and routing are indicated on the attached sketches in the Appendices of the document.
1.4 Utilities Demands
1) Water Consumption (including Greywater Consumption)
2) Foul Water Discharge
3)雨水排放量< 这个数字是以五年降雨5.06 l/s/100m²为根据而计算的。

（1）建筑屋面雨水暴雨强度是以五年降雨5.06l/s/100m2根据面积计算的。

（2）总体雨水排水的设计重现期为五年。

暴雨强度公式采用北京地区的数理统计法编制公式。

4)最大电力需求量
本报告附录里的负荷表内有关于我们对最大电力需求量的估算以及所用到的一些假设的具体细节。

总结: 中央电视台CCTV 及中央电视台停车场35,602kV A
电视文化中心TVCC & 及电视文化中心停车场6502 kV A
警卫房327 kV A
中央机房区域12851 kVA
总共
55282 kVA 媒体园（Media Park）和户外照明不包括在内。

3)Rain Water Discharge < This figure is calculated against 5 years storm of 5.06 l/s/100m²
(1) Roof rain water and storm are calculated on the basis of floor area, 5.06l/s/100m2 for
five year.
(2) The rain water discharge on the master plan reappear by five year.The storm formula is
prepared on the Beijing statistical method.
4)Electrical Maximum Demand
Details of and assumptions used in our estimate of Electrical Maximum Demand are contained in our Load Schedule included as an Appendix to this Report.
Summary : CCTV & CCTV Car Park 35,602 kV A
TVCC & TVCC Car Park 6502 kV A
Guardhouse 327 kV A
Central Plant Area 12851 kV A
Total 55282kV A
Media Park and External Lighting not included.
5) 加热负荷估算
6) 蒸汽负荷估算
5) Heating Load Estimate
6) Steam Load Estimate
7) Gas Consumption
暖通和空调系统
1.5
设计参数 1)
室外设计条件
夏季 空调 (***) 33.2°C 干球 26.4°C 湿球 冬季 空调 (***) -12°C, 45% RH 冬季室外通风设计温度：－5℃ 冬季室外采暖设计温度：－9℃ 夏季通风设计温度30°C 。

***正在考虑全球气候变化以及对室外设计条件的影响。

相关建议将在以后的设计阶段提出。

2)
室内
HEATING VENTILATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM 1.5 Design Parameters
1) Outdoor Design Conditions
Summer Air-Conditioning (***) 33.2°C Dry Bulb 26.4°C Wet Bulb Winter Air- Conditioning (***) -12°C, 45% RH Winter Ventilation Outdoor Design Temperature: -5°C Winter Space Heating Outdoor Design Temperature: -9°C Summer Ventilation Design Temperature 30°C
*** Global weather change and the impact on the external design conditions is being considered. Any associated proposals will be made during design development. 2) Indoor
3) 新风量标准
4） 风量
3) Fresh Air Rates
4) Ventilation Rates
5) Heating Load Estimate
6）空调负荷
7）冷却负荷指标
5）空间供暖负荷估算
6) Air Conditioning Load
7) Cooling Load Assumptions:
1.6 冷水机组
1.6.1 系统说明
建议中央冷水机组安放在工程地点的北部，靠近警卫楼。

由于离主楼很远，与冷水机组相关的噪声问题将是可以容忍的。

冷却塔将位于冷冻机房之上，从而确保冷却水管道输送距离短，并避免受到冷却塔相关的各种环境问题（烟缕和噪声）的影响。

冷水机组将满足于：
∙CCTV
∙警卫楼
∙TVCC
中央冷水机组将由下列各部分组成：
∙ 6 台（额定值）水冷式离心式冷水机；
∙2台水冷螺杆/离心式冷水机，每台的额定冷量为2,000千瓦。

由于该工程地点的最大需求量非常高，且CCTV的许多区使用模式是变化的，并不建议在多变的最高需求量外，另外提供备用能力。

离心式冷水机将是带有中压或高压电动机的高效机器。

由于离心冷水机的容量大且大型机器的负荷调节能力受到相关的限制，已建议安装较小的螺杆/离心式冷水机，以便提供能对变化的需求特性作出反应的灵活而有效的设备。

一级（恒流量）泵将与冷水机放在一起。

每台冷水机将配有一台一级泵，所有一级泵将用集管连在一起，以便灵活使用。

中央冷水机组将由下列各项组成：
∙水冷式冷水机
∙冷水一级泵
∙定压装置
∙化学加药系统
∙中央冷水机组控制面板1.6 Chilled Water Plant
1.6.1 System Description
It is proposed that the central chilled water plant will be located at the north of the site adjacent to
the Guardhouse.
Remote from the main buildings the noise problems associated with the chillers will be contained.
Cooling towers will be located above the chiller plantroom ensuring small runs of cooling water
pipework, and isolating environmental problems (plumes and noise) associated with the cooling
towers.
The chilled water plant will service the requirements of:
∙CCTV
∙Guardhouse
∙TVCC
The central chilled water plant will consist of:
∙ 6 No. (nominally) water cooled centrifugal chillers
∙ 2 No. Water-cooled screw/centrifugal chillers, rated for 2000kW each.
Due to the very high maximum demand of the site and the variable usage patterns associated with
many of the divisions in CCTV it is proposed not to provide additional standby-capacity, in excess
of the diversified maximum demand.
The centrifugal chillers will be efficient machines with medium or high voltage motors. Due to the
large capacities of the centrifugal chillers and the associated limits on the modulation capabilities of
large machines, smaller screw/centrifugal chillers have been proposed in order to provide flexible,
efficient plant, capable responding to the variable demand profile.
Primary (constant volume) pumps will be located with the chillers. Each chiller will be matched
with a primary pump, however the pumps will be manifolded together in order to provide flexible
usage.
The central chilled water plant will consist of:
∙Water cooled chillers
∙Primary chilled water pumps
∙Pressurisation unit
∙Chemical dosing system
∙Central Chilled Water Plant Control Panels.
冷水机将提供（额定值）6℃的冷水，回水为12℃。

冷水机和它们相关的一级泵将根据冷负荷的
需求量启动或停止。

冷水将通过一通往CCTV地下室设备间的地下供应管道输送到主要负荷区域。

为了符合系统中泵和水静压的组合压头不超过12巴的要求，通过热交换器的分隔，将CCTV的分
配管路有效地分成3个单独的系统。

位于地下室设备间中的一组变流量二级泵将冷水输送到位于大楼基座部分（E、D区和C区的一部
分）的设备间，并使冷水循环送至位于B3层到F9层的设备间。

冷水还将被循环通过位于基座顶
部设备间（塔楼2的9层以下和塔楼10层以下）的分隔压力用板式热交换器。

另一组变流量冷水次级泵从地下室顶部的设备间，为两个塔楼（C和B区）中的空调机组提供冷
水，并使冷水循环通过位于塔楼1顶部第36层设备机房中的另一组分隔压力用板式热交换器。

第三组变流量冷水次级泵为悬挑出的A区部分所用的空调设备提供冷水。

供A区使用的回路中，冷水的温度通过分隔压力的换热器升高1℃后，为8℃。

1.6.1.1冷水机组的运行
冷水机组运行的基本前提是要保证二次回路中的冷水流量总要小于一次回路中的冷水流量。

如果
旁路的流量下降，则表明在二次系统中的负荷增加，从而会造成冷水分离阀开启并启动相应的冷
水泵。

回水温度的升高会引起冷却装置的运行，从而保证冷水机是根据对冷水的实际需求而运行。

每个冷水机都能对自己的出水温度进行重新设置（6°C-4.5°C），从而保持6°C的冷水额定温
度。

允许冷水温度偏离预定值并不是一个好的做法。

有很多重要的设备间由精密的制冷机组。

如果冷
水温度不断变化，就会对这些装置的性能造成不良影响
1.6.2TVCC
TVCC将由中央冷水机组提供冷水。

TVCC的分配系统将包含两条回路，一条为播出区服务，另一条为酒店服务。

上述两条回路将会被分别计量。

为了符合系统中泵和水静压的总压头不超过12巴的要求，TVCC的水循环系统被分成了若干（额
定值为2）单独的系统。

The chillers will provide chilled water at (nominally) 6°C, 12°C return. The chillers and their associated primary pumps will be started/ stopped in accordance with the cooling load demand.
Chilled water will be delivered to the major load source through an underground service duct leading to a plantroom in the basement of CCTV.
In order to comply with the requirement not to exceed a combined pump and static pressure head in the system of 12 bar the distribution within CCTV will be effectively broken into 3 independent systems by means of heat exchanger pressure breaks.
A set of variable volume secondary pumps located in the basement plantroom (B3) will deliver chilled water to the plantrooms located in the basement and in the base (Divisions E, D and part of C) and circulate chilled water to equipment rooms located on levels B3 to F9. Chilled water will also be circulated across the pressure break plate heat exchangers located in the plantrooms at high level in the base (level 9 below tower 2 and level 10 in tower 1).
From the high level base plantroom a further set of variable volume secondary chilled water pumps will supply chilled water to the air-handling plant in the two towers (Divisions C and B) and circulate chilled water across another set of pressure break heat exchangers, located in plant space at the highest level of the tower 1, levels 36.
A third set of variable volume secondary chilled water pumps will supply chilled water to the
air-handling plant serving the overhang (Division A).
Chilled water temperatures will rise c. 1°C across the pressure-breaks giving rise to a supply of 8°C in the circuit serving the overhang-Division A.
1.6.1.1 Chilled Water Plant Operation
The chiller plant operation will be based on ensuring that the chilled water flowrate in the secondary circuit is always less that the chilled water flowrate in the primary one. As the flowrate in the
by-pass drops, indicating rising load in the secondary system, a chiller isolating valve will be opened and the matched chiller pump will be initiated.
Rising return water temperature will sequence the operation of the chillers, ensuring that chiller operation is driven by the actual chilled water demand.
Each chiller will be capable of resetting it's own leaving water temperature (6°C-4.5°C) so that the nominal 6°C chilled water set point will be maintained.
Allowing the chilled water temperature to deviate from the setpoint is not ideal. There are a large number of essential equipment rooms being served by sensible cooling units. A variable chilled water supply temperature would compromise the performance of these units.
1.6.2 TVCC
TVCC will be fed from the central chiller plant.
The distribution plant in TVCC will consist of two no. circuits, one serving the broadcasting areas and one serving the hotel. The supply to each area of the building will be metered.
1.6.3 不同级别的制冷负荷
根据辅助设计信息（2003年3月收到），冷水机组被分成3个应急等级：
∙重要区域－应不断有制冷提供的设备间（一般位于C区、D区和E区）。

与这些区域相关的制冷负荷为1,500kW。

∙关键运行区－需要稳定冷水供应的演播室和辅助性房间。

这些区域能承受空调系统的短暂中断（一般位于C区、D区和E区）。

与这些区域相关的制冷负荷为8MW-9MW。

∙所有其他区域－在这些区域中，空调系统运行中断不会对CCTV的运行造成重大影响。

为了向重要区域和关键运行区的冷水供应提供进一步的保障，建议采取下述方法：
重要的设备间将有专用独立的供水回路（由泵组提供支持及备用）。

服务于这些区域的冷却装置、
泵（一级泵组和专用二级泵组）以及室内设备将由备用发电机系统提供支持。

每一个基本设备间
都由一组运行和备用的室内设备提供支持。

在冷水系统发生泄漏的情况下，专用回路能提供额外
的保护级。

如果出现电力供应中断的情况，则冷水机组站房内均有叫大的热容量，可以通过冷水在系统中的
再循环来支持重要区域的制冷，而无需制冷设备的运行。

除此之外，计划中的蓄冰也是对冷水机组热质能的一个补充。

而现在我们也正在规划采用备用的
发电机来支持制冷装置，从而完全保障冷水的供应。

负责服务关键运行区的冷水机组及其相关空调机组将由下述的冷却装置、泵、冷却塔以及空气调
节机组提供支持，它们由两路相互独立的电源供电。

The circulation system serving TVCC will be organised into a number of hydraulically separate systems (nominally 2) so that a combined pump and system static pressure of 12 bar is not exceeded.
1.6.3 Operation Critical Chilled Water Load
According to supplementary Design Information (received March 2003) there are three levels of cooling plant criticality:
∙Critical Areas - equipment rooms that should be provided with continually available cooling (generally located of Division C, D and E). The chilled water load
associated with these areas in c. 1,500kW.
∙Operationally Essential Areas-studios and support rooms requiring a secure chilled water supply. These areas can sustain a short break in the air conditioning systems
(generally areas in Divisions C, D and E). The chilled water load associated with
these areas is. C.8MW-9MW.
∙All other areas –a break in operation of the air-conditioning systems is not considered critical to the operation of CCTV.
In order to provide enhanced protection of chilled water supply for the critical and operationally essential areas the following approach is proposed:
A dedicated hydraulically separate circuit (with run and stand-by pump sets) will service the critical equipment rooms. A chiller, pumps (primary and dedicated secondary pumps set) and the
room-mounted units serving these spaces will be supported by the stand-by generator system. Each essential equipment room will be provided with run and stand-by room units. The hydraulic separation provided by the dedicated circuit provides an additional a level of protection in the spaces in case of leakage within the chilled water system.
In the event of power outage the chilled water plant has a sizeable thermal mass, which can be used to support the critical areas by re-circulating chilled water around the system, without chillier operation. Additionally, the planned ice store will supplement the thermal mass of the chilled water system. The stand-by electricity generator, however, is currently planned to support a chiller so that chilled water availability can be fully assured.
The chilled water plant and associated air conditioning plant serving the operationally essential space will be served by chillers, pumps, cooling towers and air-handling units as described herein, supported by two independent power supplies.
1.6.4冷却塔
与水冷冷水机相关的冷却塔将由多个开式冷却塔组成，位于能源中心大楼（警卫楼）的屋顶上。

建议采用多台机组，这样就可选择最少的机组数，在接近最大效果的情况下工作，以满足部分负荷系统的工作状况。

冷却塔的风机将具有可变速驱动装置，有效地降低风量，在确保稳定工况的同时，与冷负荷相匹配。

系统由下列各项组成：
∙16个（额定值）冷却塔
∙冷却水泵
∙经处理的补充水源
∙冷却系统水处理包括过滤、吹气、定量加注生物杀灭剂和腐蚀保护。

冷却塔的尺寸应定得适当，以确保水冷冷水机在高室外温度下能进行工作。

为了使冬天的冷却装置的运行降到最低限度，我们正在考虑在冷水机组中添加热交换器。

热交换器
能使冷却水对回收的冷水加以冷却。

因为冷却水的唯一来源是凝水，所以采用低温热交换器只有在
环境温度较低的情况下才是可行的。

因为提供给冷却装置的凝水的最低温度是15°C，所以建议将提供给冷却装置的凝水和提供给热交
换器的冷却水分隔开来。

这一系统将在下一阶段的设计中加以开发。

闭式冷却塔选择方案
曾考虑过使用闭式冷却塔，因为它们具有冷却水容量小、大气尘埃污染的可能性小等优点。

但闭式冷却塔相对来说较重，且效果较差，因而体积较大。

因此决定采用开式冷却塔。

1.6.5 蓄冰和系统的热惰性
正在考虑在以后阶段采用蓄冰，因为：
∙蓄冰提供一个利用夜间低价电费的机会。

∙CCTV各个区域均有一个规则的工作时段（A区），使得在非用电高峰时段制冰成为实际可
行。

∙蓄冰可提供一定的冗余，并可减少冷负荷设备的装机容量。

∙蓄冰可以作为重要负荷的后备支持，从而降低了对为冷却装置提供后备支持的发电机的要求。

1.6.4 Cooling Towers
The cooling towers associated with the water-cooled chillers will consist of multiple direct cooling towers, located on the roof of the central plant building (Guardhouse).
Multiple units are proposed so that a selected minimum number will operate close to maximum efficiency to meet part load system conditions. The cooling tower fans will have variable speed drives providing efficient reduction in air volume to match the cooling load while ensuring stable conditions.
The system consists of:
∙16 No. (nominally) Cooling towers
∙Cooling water pumps
∙Treated water make-up supply
∙Cooling system water treatment, consisting of sand filtration, blowdown, biocide dosing and corrosion protection.
The cooling towers will be conservatively sized so that the operation of the water-cooled chillers is assured at high external temperatures.
In order to minimise chiller operation during the winter the incorporation of a heat exchanger into the chilled water plant is being considered. The heat exchanger would enable cooling water to cool the return chilled water. As the only cooling water source available is the condenser water the incorporation of a low temperature heat exchanger is only viable at low ambient temperatures.
As the minimum condenser water temperature to the chillers is c.15°C hydraulic separation between the condenser water serving the chillers and the cooling water serving the heat exchanger is advisable. This system will be developed during the next phase of the design.
Indirect Cooling Towers Option
Indirect cooling towers were considered as they offer the advantages of cooling water containment, reducing the possibility of contamination by atmospheric dust.
However, the indirect towers are relatively heavy and comparatively inefficient, and therefore physically larger.
The decision is therefore to proceed with direct cooling towers.
1.6.5 Ice Storage and System Thermal Inertia
Ice storage is being considered for the development as:
∙Ice storage offers an opportunity to use a reduced nighttime electricity tariff.。