动名词的用法及练习题
英语语法专项：动名词用法讲解及练习(附答案)
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？1. The girl is singing a song.2. The girl singing now is my sister.3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).三个句子中都有singing。
第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。
关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。
好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。
一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。
举例如下：1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the)2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。
动名词的用法
动名词的用法及练习你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗1. The girl is singing a song.2. The girl singing now is my sister.3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。
举例如下：1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.(singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the)2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint)从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。
不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。
它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。
二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)看看下面的句子：Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。
动名词短语练习题
动名词短语练习题动名词是一个多功能的语法结构，常用于句子中作主语、宾语、表语或者介词宾语。
掌握使用动名词的能力对于提高语言表达能力非常重要。
为了帮助大家更好地掌握动名词的用法，以下是一些动名词练习题。
练习题一：根据句子的情景，填入适当的动名词形式。
1. I love ____________ (sing) in the shower.2. The dog enjoys ____________ (run) in the park.3. She suggested ____________ (go) to the movies tonight.4. Mark admitted ____________ (eat) all the cookies.5. My parents encouraged ____________ (study) abroad.6. Tom apologized for ____________ (break) the vase.7. They avoid ____________ (eat) fast food.8. The teacher praised the students for ____________ (do) well on the test.9. We discussed ____________ (visit) Spain next summer.10. She can't stand ____________ (listen) to jazz music.练习题二：完成下列句子，每个句子中用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. ____________ (drink) enough water is important for your health.2. I can't imagine ____________ (live) without my phone.3. They are interested in ____________ (learn) Spanish.4. ____________ (watch) a movie at home is my favorite way to relax.5. It's not worth ____________ (argue) about such a small matter.6. He regrets ____________ (not go) to the party last night.7. She is considering ____________ (take) a gap year before going to college.8. We spent the whole day ____________ (explore) the city.9. He was excited about ____________ (win) the competition.10. I can't help ____________ (feel) nervous before a presentation.练习题三：将括号中的动词用动名词的形式改写句子。
动名词作主语的用法
动名词作主语的用法
1. 嘿，你知道吗？Swimming is very good for our health. 就像鱼儿在水中畅游那般快乐，游泳对我们身体可好了呀！
2. 哇塞，Walking in the park is such a pleasant thing. 这不就跟在大自然的怀抱里散步一样惬意嘛！
3. 讲真的啊，Reading books can enrich our knowledge. 就好像给大脑喂了好多精神食粮，读书真能丰富我们的知识呢！
4. 哎呀呀，Dreaming big is the first step to success. 这不就像给梦想安上翅膀，有大大的梦想就是走向成功的第一步啊！
5. 嘿哟，Listening to music makes us feel relaxed. 不就跟给自己的心灵来一场音乐按摩一样嘛，听音乐能让我们放松啊！
6. 哈哈，Thinking positively can change our lives. 就像给生活点亮一盏明灯，积极思考真的能改变我们的生活呢！
观点结论：动名词作主语真的太有意思啦，它让我们的表达更丰富生动呀！。
英语中的动名词用法测试题
英语中的动名词用法测试题英语中的动名词，作为语法中的一个重要部分，对于学习者来说既是重点也是难点。
为了帮助大家更好地掌握动名词的用法，下面为大家准备了一套相关的测试题。
一、单项选择题1、 I enjoy ＿_____ books in my spare timeA readB readingC to readD reads2、 She is good at ＿_____ the pianoA playB playingC to playD plays3、 Do you mind ＿_____ the window? It's a little hot in hereA openingB to openC openedD opens4、 He spent a lot of time ＿_____ EnglishA studyB studyingC to studyD studies5、 My father stopped ＿_____ a rest after working for three hoursA to haveB havingC haveD has二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1、 Thank you for ＿_____ （help) me2、 She likes ＿_____ （dance) very much3、 I'm tired Let's stop ＿_____ （walk) and have a rest4、 The boy is interested in ＿_____ （collect) stamps5、 We are looking forward to ＿_____ （see) you again三、句型转换1、 He likes swimming （改为否定句）He ＿_____ ＿_____ swimming2、 They enjoy playing football （对划线部分提问）What ＿_____ they ＿_____ ＿_____?3、 My sister spends two hours doing her homework every day （改为同义句）It ＿_____ my sister two hours ＿_____ ＿_____ her homework every day4、 I love reading books （用 like 改写句子）I ＿_____ ＿_____ books5、 The girl is afraid of going out alone at night （改为同义句）The girl is afraid ＿_____ ＿_____ out alone at night四、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
小学英语动名词语法含习题解析
【导语】成功根本没有秘诀可⾔，如果有的话，就有两个：第⼀个就是坚持到底，永不⾔弃；第⼆个就是当你想放弃的时候，回过头来看看第⼀个秘诀，坚持到底，永不⾔弃，破釜沉⾈超越⾃我拼搏⼊取勇创佳绩。
以下是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的《⼩学英语动名词语法含习题解析》供您查阅。
⼀、动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1）作主语 Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南⽅与北⽅开战了。
2）作宾语 a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth admit 承认 appreciate 感激,赞赏 avoid 避免 complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 prevent阻⽌ fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face ⾯对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 举例： (1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? (2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. b. 词组后接doing admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to busy look forward to(to为介词） no good, no use, It’s worth…, as well as, can’t help, It’s no use /good be tired of be fond of be capable of be afraid of be proud of think of / about hold off put off keep on insist on count on / upon set about be successful in good at take up give up burst out prevent … from… 3）作表语Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children.⼆、worth 的⽤法 worth，worthy，worth-while都为adj. 意为"值得"。
动名词的用法解析及四级真题及答案
动名词的用法解析及四级真题及答案动名词在句中起名词的作用，可以充当主语、表语、宾语动词宾语或介词宾语，动名词的用法解析及四级真题实例分析。
它可以有自己的定语、宾语或状语。
1动名词作主语Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes.Taking a cold shower every morning does him a lot good.____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for. CET-4 1999,1A The girl to be educatedB The girl educatedC The girl's being educatedD The girl was educated动名词和不定式都可以做主语。
不定式做主语表示具体的动作，动名词做主语则可以表示抽象或一般性的动作或情况。
根据句意，这个女孩在朴素的生活环境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具体的一次性动作，因此用动名词，答案为C。
当动名词做主语时，我们常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动名词放到句尾，特别要注意如下结构：It is useless no use, no good,no harm doing... It is a waste of time doing... It is worthwhile doing...（例如）It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him.It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow.2动名词作动词宾语动名词作动词宾语是大学英语四级考试的’重要内容，大学英语《动名词的用法解析及四级真题实例分析》。
动名词 附练习
动名词的用法动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。
它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
一、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
1、做主语Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山是真有趣。
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。
* 动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。
这种用法在习惯句型中常用。
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。
2、作宾语（1）作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。
常见的此类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practice, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to,get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。
动名词用法的归纳
动名词用法的归纳1. 哎呀呀，动名词可以作主语呢！就像“Singing makes me happy”（唱歌让我开心），这里的“singing”就是动名词作主语呀，多厉害！2. 嘿，动名词能作宾语哦！比如说“I enjoy reading”（我喜欢阅读），“reading”就是作“enjoy”的宾语，是不是很神奇？3. 哇塞，动名词还能作表语呀！像“She is dancing”（她正在跳舞），“dancing”就是作表语，表示她正在进行的动作呢。
4. 动名词作定语也很牛呢！像“swimming pool”（游泳池），“swimming”就是修饰“pool”的动名词呀，很形象吧！5. 你知道吗，动名词和动词不定式的区别也挺重要的呢！就好像“like doing”和“like to do”，想想看“like swimming”（喜欢游泳）和“like to swim”（想去游泳）的差别，是不是很有意思呀？6. 动名词的复合结构也别忽视呀！比如“His coming late made me angry”（他来晚了让我生气），“his coming”这就是动名词的复合结构呢。
7. 还有呀，动名词的逻辑主语要搞清楚哦！像“In his coming, I saw hope”（在他的到来中，我看到了希望），这里“his”就是“coming”的逻辑主语呢。
8. 动名词的时态和语态也得注意呢！“Having been done”这样的形式可别搞混啦，就好像“Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake”（已经被告诉很多次了，他还是犯同样的错误）。
9. 哎呀，说了这么多动名词的用法，大家可得好好记住呀！这样才能在英语学习中更加得心应手呀！我的观点就是动名词的用法丰富多彩，大家一定要认真掌握呀！。
高三英语动名词用法单选题50题(带答案)
高三英语动名词用法单选题50题(带答案)1._____ is good for our health.A.ExerciseB.ExercisesC.To exerciseD.Exercising答案：D。
动名词Exercising 在这里作主语，表示“锻炼”这个行为，是抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数。
选项A Exercise 是名词，“练习、锻炼”，通常用作不可数名词，但在这里直接用不恰当。
选项B Exercises 是名词复数，不符合题意。
选项C To exercise 是动词不定式，一般表示目的，在此处不如动名词作主语合适。
2._____ too much time on computer games is bad for students.A.SpendingB.SpendC.To spendD.Spends答案：A。
动名词Spending 作主语，“在电脑游戏上花费太多时间”这个行为对学生不好。
选项B Spend 是动词原形，不能直接作主语。
选项C To spend 动词不定式一般表目的，不太符合语境。
选项D Spends 是动词第三人称单数形式，不能作主语。
3._____ carefully helps us avoid mistakes.A.ReadingB.ReadC.To readD.Reads答案：A。
动名词Reading 作主语，表示“认真阅读”这个行为有助于我们避免错误。
选项B Read 是动词原形，不能作主语。
选项C To read 动词不定式一般表目的，此处不如动名词自然。
选项D Reads 是动词第三人称单数形式，不能作主语。
4._____ English every day improves our language skills.A.SpeakingB.SpeakC.To speakD.Speaks答案：A。
动名词Speaking 作主语，“每天说英语”这个行为能提高我们的语言技能。
动名词 练习题
动名词练习题动名词练习题动名词是英语中的一种特殊形式，它可以作为名词使用。
动名词的形式为动词的-ing形式，例如running、swimming等。
在句子中，动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、介词的宾语等，它的使用非常灵活。
下面是一些关于动名词的练习题，帮助大家更好地理解和掌握动名词的用法。
练习一：选择正确的动名词形式1. I enjoy (read/reading) books in my free time.2. He suggested (go/going) to the park for a picnic.3. She is good at (draw/drawing) portraits.4. We need to practice (speak/speaking) English every day.5. My favorite hobby is (play/playing) the guitar.练习二：填入适当的动名词形式1. I can't stand (listen) to loud music.2. The children are excited about (go) to the amusement park.3. She is interested in (learn) new languages.4. They spent the afternoon (watch) movies at home.5. He apologized for (arrive) late to the meeting.练习三：根据句意，选择适当的动名词形式1. (Swim/Swimming) is a great way to stay fit and healthy.2. I can't imagine (live/living) in a big city.3. (Cook/Cooking) is one of my favorite hobbies.4. She has always been interested in (write/writing) stories.5. They are planning on (travel/traveling) to Europe next summer.练习四：根据提示，完成句子1. (Dance) is a popular form of expression in many cultures.2. I'm really tired. I need a break from (study).3. (Play) tennis is a great way to improve your physical fitness.4. The children are excited about (visit) the zoo tomorrow.5. I enjoy (listen) to classical music in my free time.练习五：根据句子，选择适当的动名词形式1. She is afraid of (swim/swimming) in deep water.2. (Play/Playing) basketball is his favorite sport.3. They are considering (move/moving) to a different city.4. I'm looking forward to (spend/spending) the weekend with my family.5. He enjoys (watch/watching) movies at the cinema.通过以上练习题，我们可以更好地理解和掌握动名词的用法。
动名词的用法及练习题
动名词的用法及练习题动名词的用法1．动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。
例如：Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。
Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。
动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。
例如：It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。
It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。
It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。
It's no use arguing with him.跟他争论没用。
It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already.派他去没用，已经太晚了。
It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.要把一切按时准备好很困难。
It is no use waiting for him any longer.等他是没有用的。
It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。
动名词用法及例句
动名词用法及例句动名词是以-ing结尾的动词形式，在句子中可作为主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
下面是一些动名词的用法及相应的例句：1. 作为主语：- Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）- Singing in the shower is my morning routine.（在淋浴时唱歌是我早上的习惯。
）2. 作为宾语：- I enjoy playing soccer with my friends.（我喜欢和朋友们一起踢足球。
）- He hates studying for long hours.（他讨厌长时间学习。
）3. 作为表语：- Her hobby is cooking.（她的爱好是烹饪。
）- The best thing about traveling is experiencing different cultures.（旅行最美妙之处在于体验不同的文化。
）4. 作为定语：- I saw a running dog in the park.（我在公园里看到一只跑的狗。
）- She bought a cycling helmet for her son.（她为儿子买了一个骑车头盔。
）5. 作为动词不定式的替代形式：- I want to go to the movies.（我想去看电影。
）- I want going to the movies.（我喜欢看电影。
）需要注意的是，在某些情况下，动名词也可用来表示动作的结果或持续状态，这时常与be动词连用，例如：- The car needs washing.（这辆车需要洗。
）- He was seen dancing at the party.（他在派对上被看到正在跳舞。
）。
动名词作主语 (2)
动名词作主语动名词是指以-ing 结尾的动词形式，在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。
本文将重点讨论动名词作为主语的用法和相关注意事项。
一、动名词作主语的定义和用法动名词作主语是一种常见的用法，它可以用来表示一个动作、状态或者经历。
动名词作主语通常位于句首或句末，后面跟着动词不定式或从句来完成句子的谓语。
以下是几个动名词作主语的例子：1.Running is good for your health.2.Swimming is my favorite sport.3.Singing in the shower can make you feel better.二、动名词作主语的优点动名词作主语有以下几个优点：1.简洁明了：动名词作主语能够直接表达动作或状态，使句子更加简洁明了。
2.强调行为：动名词作主语能够突出动作本身，使句子更加生动有力。
3.增加变化：动名词作主语还能够增加句子的变化和灵活性，使表达更加多样化。
三、动名词作主语的注意事项在使用动名词作主语时，需要注意以下几个问题：1. 主谓一致动名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于动名词所表示的行为或状态。
通常情况下，使用单数谓语动词。
例如：•Eating apples is good for your health.（吃苹果对健康有好处。
）•Drinking water is important for hydration.（喝水对于补水很重要。
）2. 不定式或从句作谓语动名词作主语后面通常需要有一个动词不定式或从句来作谓语，完成句子的结构。
例如：•Singing in the shower can make you feel better.（在淋浴时唱歌可以让你感觉更好。
）•Running every morning is a great way to start the day.（每天早上跑步是一个很好的开始。
）3. 句型转换有时候，我们也可以将动名词作主语的句子进行句型转换，将动名词转换成名词以便更好地拓展句子。
动名词的用法讲解
解析: remember telling me意为 “记得曾经告诉过我”。
（2）在有些句子中，介词常可省去。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。 He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。 What can prevent us (from) going there? 有什么能阻止我们去那呢？
forget regret remember
to do 将要发生的动作
doing 已经发生的动作
go on doing
go on to do stop doing
stop to do mean doing
继续做同一件事情 继续做另一件事情 停止做某事 停下来做另一件事 意味着做某事 打算做某事
mean to do
（4） want（需要）, need（需要）,
deserve（值得）, require（需要）等词
后，我们用动名词的主动形式表达被动
意思。后跟动名词的主动式与不定式的 被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned．
e.g.
①She sat there without speaking. ②I look forward to seeing him again.
③Are you used to living there alone?
⑤He was busy（in) preparing his lessons.
动名词的用法
二、宾语从句
1. that 引导的宾语从句
2.由连接代（副）词引导的从句 1)动词加连接代词或连接副词引导的从句：
2). whether 和 if 也常用来引导宾语从句：
3. 由关系代词型what 引导的从句 Have you got what you wanted? She was shocked by what she had seen.
2.动名词作宾语
(一) 动词+动名词 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. He admitted taking the money I hate lying and cheating I couldn't help laughing.
(二)成语动词+动名词 He has given up playing football. His suggestion is worth considering.
三、 定语从句
1.限定性定语从句
大多数定语从句对所修饰词的意思加以限制，以表示...的人/东西称为限定性定语从句通常由 关系代词(a)或关系副词(b)引导：
a. Everyone who (taht) knew him liked him. The car which I hired broke down.
6.让步状语从句 1)主要由although,though,while,whereas等连词引导，表示虽然，尽管这类意 思
Some praised him, whereas others condemned him.
Though he had very little money, he always managed to dress smartly. 2)其他类型的状语从句
中考英语动名词高级用法练习题30题
中考英语动名词高级用法练习题30题1<背景文章>Tom is a person who is passionate about sports. He believes that staying fit and healthy is very important. He has developed some great exercise habits. Running every morning is one of his favorite activities. He enjoys the feeling of the fresh air on his face as he ___ along the park trails. Swimming regularly is also something he does. He finds it relaxing and a great way to build strength. After a long day at work or school, he often goes for a bike ride. He loves the freedom and adventure that comes with cycling. He also does yoga from time to time. The stretching and deep breathing help him relax and unwind. Tom knows that by being consistent with his exercise routine, he is not only taking care of his body but also improving his mental health.1. What is Tom doing as he runs along the park trails?A. walkingB. joggingC. runningD. skipping答案：C。
动名词连接句子时的用法
动名词连接句子时的用法1. 哎呀呀，动名词可以用来表示同时发生的动作哦！比如说，“She sat there reading a book.”（她坐在那读一本书），这里的“reading”就强调了她坐着的同时在进行阅读这个动作。
2. 嘿，动名词还能让句子更简洁明了呢！像“He enjoys playing basketball.”（他喜欢打篮球），用“playing”就简单清晰地表达了他喜爱的事情。
3. 哇哦，动名词能突出某个动作惯常的状态呀！好比“John is good at singing.”（约翰擅长唱歌），“singing”就体现了他在唱歌方面长期的表现呢。
4. 呐，动名词可以说明前面名词的用途呢！例如“The kitchen is for cooking.”（厨房是用来做饭的），“cooking”让我们清楚知道厨房的作用啦。
5. 呦呵，动名词还能表达一个人的职业或身份呢！就像“He is a piano teaching.”（他是一名钢琴教师），这里的“teaching”就显示了他的职业特征。
6. 哎呀，动名词在描述原因的时候也很在行呀！“She was criti cized for being late.”（她因为迟到被批评了），“being late”就是被批评的原因呢。
7. 嘿哟，动名词可以展现一种伴随的状态哦！比如“She left the room crying.”（她哭着离开了房间），“crying”就伴随了她离开的这个行为。
8. 嘛呀，动名词能在句子中起到补充说明的作用呢！像“I like the book, especially reading it at night.”（我喜欢这本书，尤其是在晚上读它），“reading it”就是一种补充。
9. 哇噻，动名词真是很有魔力呀！大家一定要好好掌握它的用法哦！。
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动名词（Gerund）动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing 构成，否定形式为not doing，兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。
二、动名词相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语1、作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。
例如：Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。
Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.乘火车到杭州要16 个小时。
Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。
注意：动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …" 和"There is …"两种句式来表示。
例如：It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。
It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。
It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。
It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。
It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no denying that she is very efficient. 她效率高是不容否认的。
2 、作定语动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。
例如：swimming pool 游泳池walking stick 手杖openingspeech 开幕词waiting room 候车室reading material 阅读材料floating needle 浮针listening aid 助听器working people 劳动人民3 、作表语动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。
动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。
例如：His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词）他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。
Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。
注意：动名词作表语，容易与现在分词作表语相混淆。
记住：动名词表语表达的是“某件事”（与不定式短语的意义相近），而现在分词表语表示“具有某个作用”。
例如：The situation is very much encouraging. （现在分词）形势非常令人鼓舞。
His present job is not that stimulating as he expected. （现在分词）他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性。
Their plan is to build another dormitory for their staff this year. （不定式）他们的计划是今年再为员工们建一栋宿舍楼。
His wish is to become a pilot. （不定式）他的愿望是当飞行员。
4、作宾语。
动名词既可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
例如：He is fond of playing football.I like swimming.①在下列动词或词组后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，deny, dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist，risk，suggest，can't help（情不自禁）等。
②下列动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try 。
例如：Let's go on studying Lesson 6.（让我们继续学第六课。
说明前面已学了一部分。
）Let's go on to study Lesson 6.（让我们接着学第六课。
说明前面已学了第五课。
）I remember doing the exercise. （我记得做过练习。
）I must remember to do it. （我必须记着做这事。
）I tried not to go there. （我设法不去那里。
）I tried doing it again. （我试着又干了一次。
）Stop speaking. （不要讲话。
）He stopped to talk. （他停下来讲话。
）I mean to come early today. （我打算今天早些来。
）Missing the train means waiting for another hour.（误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。
）③在allow，advise，forbid，permit 等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：We don't allow smoking here.We don't allow students to smoke.④动词need，require，want 作“需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做，这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。
be worth 后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。
如：The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned.Her method is worth trying.⑤在短语devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，there's no use/good/need，feel/seem like/get down to 等后的动词也必须用动名词形式，例如：I look forward to hearing from you soon.⑥在love，hate，prefer，like 等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。
有时用动名词作宾语时，指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。
⑦start，begin，continue 在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。
但start 和begin 在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语：当主语是物而不是人时；当start 或begin 以-ing 形式出现时，当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时。
如：It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant.⑧在should(would) like/love 等后须用不定式。
2，练习题Ⅰ、单项选择：1.No one enjoys _____ at.A. laughingB. to laughC. being laughedD. to be laughed2.You must do something to prevent your house ____ .A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in3.They insisted on _____ another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given4.--- Where is my passport? I remember _____ it here.--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember ______ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；takingC. putting；to takeD. to put；taking5.His room needs ____ , so he must have it ________ .A. painting；paintedB. painted；paintingC. painting；paintingD. painted；painted6.After finishing his homework he went on _____ a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write7.The young trees we planted last week require _____ with great care.C. to be looked afterD. taken good care of8.Only _____ English doesn't mean ______ the language.A. to learn；to learnB. learning；learningC. learning about；learnD. learning about；learning9.She returned home only to find the door open and something ____ .A. missedB. to be missingC. missingD. to be missed10.She decided to devote herself _____ the problem of old age.A. to studyB. studyingC. to studyingD. study11.Remember ____ the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. be put back12.As she is looking forward to ______ from me, please remember ______ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；postB. hearing；to postC. be heard；postingD. be hearing；to posting13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble ____ your handwriting.A. to readB. to seeC. readingD. in seeing14.Writing stories and articles _____ what I enjoy most.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15.We appreciate _____ us to the ball.A. them to inviteB. to inviteC. their invitingD. being invited16.Would you mind _____ quiet for a moment? I'm trying ______ a form.A. keeping；filling outB. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill outD. to keep；filling out17.He was afraid _____ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seenC. to be seenD. to have seen18.I'd like to suggest ____ the meeting till next week.A. to put offB. putting offC. put offD. to be put off19.I don't see how I could possibly manage _____ the work without _____.A. finish；helpingB. to finish；being helpedC. finishing；helpingD. finishing；being helped20.Anything worth _____ is worthy of ______ well.A. doing；being doneB. doing；doingC. to be done；to be doneD. to be done；being done21.We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted _____ the work.A. finishB. to finishC. in finishingD. on finishing22.I delayed ____ your letter because I had been away for a week.A. answerB. answeringC. writingD. to post23.The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _____ by the police.A. to be caughtB. be caughtC. being caughtD. catching24.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I _____ it at home. Then I remembered ______ it out to pay for the taxi.A. must have left；to takeB. may leave；takingC. might leave；to takeD. could have left；taking25.____ the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.A. After hearingB. On hearingC. While hearingD. Having heard26.____ his mother, the baby could not help _____ .A. To see；to laughB. Seeing；to laughC. Seeing；laughingD. To see；laughing27.It's no use ___ so much money on clothes.A. spendB. spentC. spendingD. being spent28.The sentence needs _____ .A. improveB. a improvementC. improvingD. improved29.If he succeeded _______ a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.A. to findB. to look forC. in findingD. in looking for30.I still remember ______ to my home town when I was young.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. to takeⅡ、填入动词的适当形式：1.Can you imagine yourself _____ in a lonely island? (stay)2.I can't understand your _____ at that poor child. (laugh)3.She didn't mind ____ overtime. (work)4.To make a living, he tried _____ , _____ , and various other things, but he had failed in all. (write; paint)5.We are looking forward to Mary's _____ . (come)6.She was praised for _____ the life of the child. (save)7.She ought to be praised instead of _____ . (criticize).8.Is there any possibility of our _____ the championship? (win)9.He came to the party without _____ . (invite)Ⅲ、将下列句子译成英语：1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。