高二英语科学创新案例练习题40题

高二英语科学创新案例练习题40题
1.Stephen Hawking is known for his contributions to theoretical physics. He published many important works. His books are widely read around the world. He was unable to move and speak due to a disease. However, he continued his research. Which of the following is NOT true about Stephen Hawking?
A.He was a famous physicist.
B.He could move and speak freely.
C.His books are popular.
D.He made important contributions to science.
答案：B。

解析：Stephen Hawking 因疾病无法自由移动和说话，A 选项他是著名物理学家正确，C 选项他的书很受欢迎正确，D 选项他对科学做出重要贡献正确。

2.Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists in history. He developed the theory of relativity. His ideas changed the way people think about space and time. Which of the following is associated with Albert Einstein?
A.The law of gravity.
B.The theory of relativity.
C.The discovery of electricity.
D.The invention of the computer.
答案：B。

解析：Albert Einstein 提出相对论，A 选项万有引力定
律是牛顿提出的，C 选项电的发现不是爱因斯坦，D 选项计算机的发明也不是爱因斯坦。

3.Marie Curie was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity. She discovered two new elements. She won two Nobel Prizes. What did Marie Curie discover?
A.Two new elements.
B.The theory of relativity.
C.The law of gravity.
D.The structure of the atom.
答案：A。

解析：Marie Curie 发现了两种新元素，B 选项相对论是爱因斯坦提出的，C 选项万有引力定律是牛顿提出的，D 选项原子结构不是玛丽·居里发现的。

4.Isaac Newton is famous for his laws of motion and universal gravitation. He made significant contributions to the field of physics. Which of Newton's laws explains why objects fall to the ground?
A.The first law of motion.
B.The second law of motion.
C.The third law of motion.
D.The law of universal gravitation.
答案：D。

解析：牛顿的万有引力定律解释了物体为什么会落到地面上，A 选项第一运动定律是关于惯性的，B 选项第二运动定律是关于力和加速度的关系，C 选项第三运动定律是关于作用力和反作
用力的。

5.Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern genetics. He conducted experiments on pea plants. His work laid the foundation for the study of genetics. What did Gregor Mendel study?
A.Peas.
B.Atoms.
C.Gravity.
D.Electricity.
答案：A。

解析：Gregor Mendel 研究豌豆，B 选项原子不是孟德尔研究的，C 选项重力是牛顿研究的，D 选项电不是孟德尔研究的。

6.Thomas Edison is famous for his inventions. He invented the light bulb. He also made many other important inventions. What was Thomas Edison's most famous invention?
A.The telephone.
B.The airplane.
C.The light bulb.
D.The computer.
答案：C。

解析：Thomas Edison 最著名的发明是电灯泡，A 选项电话是贝尔发明的，B 选项飞机是莱特兄弟发明的，D 选项计算机不是爱迪生发明的。

7.Nikola Tesla was an inventor and engineer. He made important
contributions to the development of electricity. He is known for his work on alternating current. What is Nikola Tesla known for?
A.His work on alternating current.
B.His discovery of gravity.
C.His invention of the computer.
D.His study of genetics.
答案：A。

解析：Nikola Tesla 以在交流电方面的工作而闻名，B 选项重力的发现是牛顿，C 选项计算机不是特斯拉发明的，D 选项遗传学的研究不是特斯拉。

8.Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. His discovery saved countless lives. Which of the following did Alexander Fleming discover?
A.Penicillin.
B.The theory of relativity.
C.The law of gravity.
D.The structure of the atom.
答案：A。

解析：Alexander Fleming 发现了青霉素，B 选项相对论是爱因斯坦提出的，C 选项万有引力定律是牛顿提出的，D 选项原子结构不是亚历山大·弗莱明发现的。

9.Watson and Crick are known for their discovery of the structure of DNA. Their work was a major breakthrough in science. What did Watson and Crick discover?
A.The structure of DNA.
B.The theory of relativity.
C.The law of gravity.
D.The structure of the atom.
答案：A。

解析：Watson 和Crick 发现了DNA 的结构，B 选项相对论是爱因斯坦提出的，C
11.The experiment was conducted by the students yesterday. The results ______ very interesting.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

本题考查时态和主谓一致。

yesterday 表明是过去的时间，要用一般过去时，results 是复数，所以用were。

选项B 和C 不是过去时；选项D 是单数形式，不符合题意。

12.The chemicals ______ carefully measured before being added to the solution.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态和时态。

chemicals 是复数，且被测量是被动关系，yesterday 的动作要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以用
were。

选项B 和C 不是被动语态也不是过去时；选项D 是单数形式。

13.The data ______ collected and analyzed by the researchers.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态和主谓一致。

data 是复数，且是被收集和分析，要用被动语态，又是过去的动作，所以用were。

选项B 和C 不是被动语态也不是过去时；选项D 是单数形式。

14.The experimenter ______ the temperature of the liquid every five minutes.
A.measured
B.measures
C.will measure
D.is measuring
答案：A。

本题考查时态。

every five minutes 表示过去的习惯，要用一般过去时。

选项B 是一般现在时；选项C 是一般将来时；选项D 是现在进行时。

15.The reaction ______ very quickly when the catalyst was added.
A.happened
B.happens
C.will happen
D.is happening
答案：A。

本题考查时态。

when the catalyst was added 表明是过去的时间，要用一般过去时。

选项B 是一般现在时；选项C 是一般将来时；选项D 是现在进行时。

16.The apparatus ______ carefully cleaned after the experiment.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：D。

本题考查被动语态和时态。

apparatus 是单数，且被清洗是被动关系，过去的动作要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以用was。

选项B 和C 不是被动语态也不是过去时；选项 A 是复数形式。

17.The results of the experiment ______ not as expected.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

本题考查时态和主谓一致。

results 是复数，且根据语境不是现在的状态，要用一般过去时，所以用were。

选项B 和C 不是过去时；选项D 是单数形式。

18.The samples ______ labeled correctly before being stored.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态和时态。

samples 是复数，且被标记是被动关系，过去的动作要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以用were。

选项B 和C 不是被动语态也不是过去时；选项D 是单数形式。

19.The experiment ______ repeated several times to ensure accuracy.
A.was
B.is
C.will be
D.has been
答案：A。

本题考查时态和被动语态。

过去被重复多次用一般过去时的被动语态，experiment 是单数，所以用was。

选项B 是一般现在时；选项C 是一般将来时；选项D 是现在完成时。

20.The data ______ presented in a clear and organized way.
A.were
B.are
C.is
D.was
答案：D。

本题考查被动语态和时态。

data 是单数，且被呈现是被动关系，过去的动作要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以用was。

选
项B 和C 不是被动语态也不是过去时；选项A 是复数形式。

21.Science and technology have a great influence _____ our daily lives.
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.with
答案：A。

本题考查介词的用法。

“have an influence on”是固定搭配，表示“对……有影响”。

22.Technology innovation brings many conveniences _____ people.
A.to
B.for
C.with
D.at
答案：B。

“bring sth. for sb.”表示“给某人带来某物”，这里表示科技创新给人们带来很多便利。

23.The development of science and technology is closely related _____ our future.
A.with
B.to
C.in
D.at
答案：B。

“be related to”是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”。

24.New technologies have made it possible _____ us to communicate more easily.
A.for
B.to
C.with
D.at
答案：A。

“make it possible for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“使某人做某事成为可能”。

25.Science and technology play an important role _____ promoting economic development.
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.with
答案：A。

“play an important role in”是固定搭配，表示“在……中起重要作用”。

26.The application of new technologies has changed _____ our way of living.
A./
B.in
C.to
D.for
答案：A。

“change”在这里是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语“our way of living”，不需要介词。

27.Science and technology innovation not only benefits people's lives but also contributes _____ social progress.
A.to
B.for
C.with
D.at
答案：A。

“contribute to”是固定搭配，表示“有助于，促成”。

28.Technology has brought about great changes _____ transportation.
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.with
答案：A。

“changes in”表示“在……方面的变化”。

29.The impact of science and technology on society is becoming more and more significant _____ time goes by.
A.as
B.when
C.while
D.since
答案：A。

“as time goes by”是固定表达，表示“随着时间的推移”。

30.New scientific discoveries open up new possibilities _____ the future.
A.for
B.to
C.with
D.at
答案：A。

“possibilities for”表示“……的可能性”。

31. If we had more advanced technology, we _____ solve many of the world's problems.
A.could
B.should
C.would
D.must
答案：C。

本题考查虚拟语气。

if 引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”，根据句意“如果我们有更先进的技术，我们就能解决世界上的许多问题”，此处用would 最合适。

32. In the future, scientists _____ be able to find a cure for all diseases.
A.may
B.might
C.can
答案：B。

表示对未来的推测，might 语气比较委婉，符合语境。

may 也有推测的意思，但语气比might 稍强；can 表示能力或可能性，此处不太合适；must 表示肯定的推测，语气太强。

33. If everyone contributed to scientific innovation, the world _____
a better place.
A.will be
B.would be
C.is
D.was
答案：B。

同样是考查虚拟语气，if 引导的条件状语从句表示假设，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”，所以选would be。

34. We _____ have made such great progress in science without the efforts of countless scientists.
A.wouldn't
B.didn't
C.don't
D.won't
答案：A。

本题考查虚拟语气的否定形式。

without 表示虚拟条件，相当于if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用“wouldn't/couldn't/shouldn't/mightn't+动词原形”，所以选wouldn't。

35. Scientists _____ continue to explore new frontiers in science.
B.should
C.need
D.can
答案：A。

must 在这里表示“必须”，强调科学家有责任继续探索科学的新领域。

should 表示“应该”，语气没有must 强烈；need 表示“需要”，can 表示“能够”，都不太符合语境。

36. If there were no scientific innovation, our lives _____ very different.
A.would be
B.will be
C.are
D.were
答案：A。

考查虚拟语气，if 引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”，所以选would be。

37. We _____ take advantage of scientific innovation to improve our lives.
A.should
B.must
C.can
D.will
答案：A。

should 表示“应该”，我们应该利用科学创新来改善我们的生活。

must 语气太强；can 表示“能够”，不太符合语境；will 表示将来，也不太合适。

38. In the future, people _____ rely more on scientific innovation than ever before.
A.will
B.would
C.must
D.should
答案：A。

表示对未来的预测，用will。

would 用于虚拟语气；must 表示“必须”；should 表示“应该”，都不太符合语境。

39. If we don't support scientific innovation, we _____ regret it in the future.
A.will
B.would
C.must
D.should
答案：A。

if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，所以选will。

40. Scientists _____ always be curious and open-minded.
A.should
B.must
C.can
D.will
答案：A。

should 表示“应该”，科学家应该始终保持好奇和开放的心态。

must 语气太强；can 表示“能够”；will 表示将来，都不太符合语境。