学术英语视听说lesson 12
学术英语视听说1-13培训资料
4. Books have been written about the strange coincidences in the lives of the two men.
SCRIPT
1. whereas 2. in contrast 3. while
4. however 5. one difference between
Discourse Cues for Comparison and Contrast Listen for language cues
that show that a lecturer is making or is going to make a contrast such as the
Audio Track 1-13-3
NOTETAKING PREPARATION
b Listen to five sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you listen to each
sentence, write the language cue you hear the lecturer use to make a contrast.
BEFORE LISTENING
Audio Track 1-13-1-b
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
a Listen to the following sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you
研究生英语视听说答案
Unit 12P162 B.Part 1False complacency: Consumers may feel a false sense of complacency by only shopping differently.Part 2Shopping:One thing we can so to help the environment is turn our shopping cart into a vehicle for social change when we go shopping. Part 3Longer-term issue: Over-consumption by advanced industrial countries is a longer-term issue that we must focus on to save the earth.Part 4Green marketing: We have to be careful of the green marketing that is going on and the hucksters who profit from it.Part 5Revitalizing: We should think about revitalizing our transportation systems rather than which new car to buy.C.1. which of these book titles is not mentioned in the C2.what general purpose do these books have A3. what do Alan During and C4.what one thing does Alice Tepper Marlin A5. what shoud we do when we shop.C6. which comment does Alan Durning not make about C7. who is responsible for over consumption B8.which of the earth’s environmental B9.what specific solution does Durning propose C10.how does Durning see green B11. where do we see a lot of A12.which of the following areas is not mentioned A13. how does Tepper Marlin C14.what negative result could occur C15.what example does Toyota use for C16. what does Durning think we need to focus on A17.what happened in the 1980s, according to AD.1. B which of the following best2. C why does the interviewer3. A what does Durning think aboutUnit 11A Task Listening :which car companies are mentioned as examples of companies that may have to consolidate in the futureRenault, Peugeot and Mazda.B. Part 1 what is becoming more common ,as illustrated by APart 2 what significance does the Daimler Chrysler merger B Part 3 how easy is it to implement cross border APart 4 what impact will the Daimler merger have on CPart 5 what reaction will countries have to the Daimler APart 6 what role will governments play with international BC.Part 1 T Government and business F the scale of T national Part 2 Tthe Daimler merger F According to Jeffrey Garten F The Daimler merger marks the beginningPart 3 T this merger will T cultural differences FOperational Finterntional mergersPart 4 Tin the future Fthe smaller firms Tcompetition will F Renault PeugeotPart 5 T Anti-trust Tthe SEC Fmercedes T CHryslerPart 6 Tthere has been an eclipse Tgovernments have different F governments are able to join acrossD. 1. Fthe significance 2Tthis merger was 3Tthere are more international mergers 4Tsmaller car companies will 5. F In the end , 6T governments are more conservative.Unit 10A Task Listening:what are two examples of nontraditional families mentioned in the report? Gay couples, foster parents, stepfamilies, labor unions, historical societies and unrelated seniors.Part 1 what legal action has been taken in California? California now publicly registers nontraditional groups as families.Part 2 how does Shannom Gibson’s family situation illustrate the situation of many American family today? Shannon Gibson has both a biological father and a stepfather in her family.Part 3 what issue will the states be grappling with for many years? The courts will be grappling with the issue of what constitutes a family.Part 4 how does the family registration certificate help? It could help legitimize John Brown’s status as a single father with dependents.C.1. Awhat is disappearing in the united states?2. Awhich nontraditional groups are mentioned as3. Chow is shanon Gibson like?4. Cwhat concern does Shannon have?5. Chow can a group register?6. Bwhich group is not mentioned as one that?7. Bwhat did the family Diversity?8. Awhat kind of court case caused the state of?9. Bwhich group is not mentioned as s group in California?10. Cwhich two states have registion procedures similar?11. Bhow significant is the family registration? 12. Cwhat role does John play? 13. What does Browm say about his son?B 14. Awhat is likely to happen ti Brown as result?1. Tshannon feel2. Fshannon would rather be3. Tshannon is afraid4. Fthomas coleman thinks5. Fcoleman think it’s easy6. Tcoleman thinks it will take7. TJohn brown feels he has8. Fbrown is confident that the insurance9. T brown is expecting a fightUnit 9 P120A Task listening: Is Olen Kelley against all guns?No, only cheap handguns that are made to kill people.B.Part 1How are some people trying to change gun laws?Some people are trying to stop the sale of Saturday Night Specials.Part 2What happened to Kelley?Olen Kelly was held up and shot.Part 3Who is Kelley suing?He’s suing the manufacturer of Saturday Night Specials.C.1. BStatistics show that many people will2. Bwhat change in the GUN Control Act?3. CSenator Edward try to4. COlen Kelley5. Awhat happened when Kelley tried to open?6. Bwhat did therobbers do to Kelley?7. Cwhere is the maker of the gun located? 8. Bwhat does Kelley say about Knives? 9. C why does Kelley criticize junk guns? 10. C which of the following reasons does Kelley give? 11. Cwhat is Kelley’s most important goal in taking his case to court?D.6. Fkelley would sue the7. FKelley would sue the rifle manufacturer if. 1~5全是对的Unit 8 P106A.where did Lisa Grigg get the ideas for her clinic?From her auto mechanic.B.Part 1Clinic: Lisa Grigg opened a medical clinic in Vermont that accepts no insurance.Part 2Charge:She charges patients for her labor and for parts.Part 3Simple:By not dealing with insurance issues, she can keep her medical care very simple.Part 4Acute care:As an acute care provider, Lisa still encourages herpatients to see their primary care physicians.Part 5Off-the-clock:She will go off-the-clock and talk with her patients when their problems seem to be more serious.C.1. Lisa Grigg “had it”:companies forms2. she hung out a shingle as :acute care3. Patients are charged :fee4. Lisa Grigg charges:two dollars5. in addition to charging for her labor when :suture tray injection6.heritemized bill:minute part7. Lisa Grigg was feeling: fed up with8. the problems she had with: paperwork fighting9.Like her mechanic: price list10. Average co-pays are:ten fifteen11. Lisa Grigg encourages:primary care12. At her last job :eight three five13. Robert Siegel wonders if :billing14. Lisa Grigg is fairly :liberal15.If she thinks a : bruise16. Robert thinks Lisa’s:office managerD.1.Cwhat attitude does Lisa Grigg express in her answer?2. Awhatattitude does Robert Siegel expressin his comment? 3. Bwhat attitude does Lisa Grigg express ? 4. Cwhat attitude does Robert express in his question?Unit 7 P90A.how old was George Soros when he first started trading in currency? He was 14 years old.B.Part 1Multibillionaire :Multibillionaire and philanthropist George Soros became one of the world’s wealthiest men through his work as a financier.Part 2anxious:Managing people’s money and taking risks made him anxious.Part 3experiences in trading :His experiences in trading began when he was 14. as a Hungarian Jew hiding from the Nazis.Part 4feelings about money:Soros has uncomfortable feelings about his reputation to make money and would rather be known as a thinker. Part 5goal :His goal is to make a contribution to make the world a better place.C.1. Bwhat is special about Tuesdays on Morning Edition?2. Bhow is George soros described?3. Awhich of the following is not true4. Bwhat’s the problem with managing ?5. Bwhat negative effect might Scros’scyrrency trading6. Cwhich of the following is not true about Soros’s7. B which of the following is true about the 14 old years?8. Cwhat lesson did George learn？9. Bhow did young George feel about his experiences 10. Awhich of the following describes George background? 11. Cwhich of describes George’s plan? 12. B how would Soros have liked to be appreciated? 13. B what fascinates Soros? 14. Cwhat does heving money allow Soros to do?15. C how does soros react to the idea that he is ? 16. Bwhich of the following is not correct in 17. Ahow does Sorod feel about giving money？18. Chow would George Soros like to be remembered? Unit 6B.1.What has Benetton done that has caused controversy?Benettonhas produced a set of controversial ads.2.How do the Benetton ads help the company?The ads createcontroversy and generate publicity for the company.3.How do the views of the newborn-baby ad differ?Some say the adof the newborn is disgusting, while others say it is magnificent and natural.4.According to Bob Garfield, what two purposes do these adshave?The ads benefit publicity while they distract consumers from Benetton’s high prices.C.1.Awhich of the following is not true?2. C which of the followingdoes not describe one of the Benetton ads? 3. Awhy is Garfield being interviewed? 4. Bwhy does Garfield think Benetton has produced? 5. Chow does Garfield think people probably react when they see the ad? 6. Cwhich description does Garfield think Benetton would use to ? 7. Ain discussing the newborn baby,what does imagine? 8. Bwhich magazine published the ad with the newborn baby? 9. A how does the interviewer teaact to the magazines? 10. Cwhat did Benetton espect to happen with these ads? 11. Bwhy does Garfield think Benetton’sadvertising is cunning? 12. C what does Garfield say about Benetton’s prices?。
大学英语听力教程上册unit12原文及答案
Unit TwelvePart One StatementsComplete each of the statements with what you hear and choose A or B that explains th~word or phrase in bold.l. Y ears ago, Craig Breedlove set a speed record. He raced across flat land made of salt, ant he went as fast as 600 miles per hour in his special car. ( B )2. Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. ( A )3. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace. ( A )4. One day the French King overheard two women laughing at him as he played and heimmediately banned the sport. ( B )5. Rules restrict players under 23 years old with the exception of three over-age players. ( A I6. Today, basketball is mainly an indoor game, and the season extends from late fall, throughthe winter, to early spring. ( A )7. So it was what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to t ake theirplaces, in society as citizens when they grow up. ( A )8. She can't accept even mild criticism of her work. ( B )9. Tiffany says she's totally fed up----she's going to give up this awful job and move back toNew Y ork. ( B )10. And I often go swimming on vacation, but only recreational swimming. ( A )Part Two DialoguesDialogue OneLet's Play Chess(Mr. Wilson and Mr. Dawson are watching some men playing chess.)Mr. Wilson: Let's play chess Mr…Mr. Dawson: Dawson. I haven't played chess for a long time, How about you? Mr....Mr. Wilson: Wilson. That's all fight, Mr. Dawson. I'm a beginner, I've just learnt how to play.Mr. Dawson: Look, there's a chessboard. Those two men have already finished playing.Mr. Wilson: (after they have played for a few minutes) Y ou're a very good player.Mr. Dawson: Not really, but once I won a prize.Mr. Wilson: So did I. I won a prize last week but it was a prize for beginners.Mr. Dawson: My prize was for the best player in the country. Now let's start playing chese seriously.I. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What is the relationship between them? ( A )2. What do the two speakers do first? ( C )3. How do they get a chessboard? ( C )4. What prize did Mr. Wilson win? ( A )5. What can we learn from this dialogue? ( B )II. Listen to the dialogue again and answer the following questions with Y es or No.1. Does Mr. Dawson often play chess? ( No )2. Does Mr. Dawson refuse to play chess with Mr. Wilson? ( No )3. Has Mr. Wilson learnt to play chess for a long time? ( No )4. Did Mr. Dawson win any prize? ( Y es )5. Will they go on playing chess? ( Y es )Dialogue TwoFavorite Sports(Joseph and Fletcher just get a chance to know each other at a party. Now they are talking about sports.)Fletcher: What's your favorite sport, Joseph?Joseph: Comparatively speaking, I'm interested in team sports, like basketball and football.How about you?Fletcher: Contrary to yours, I'm fond of individual sports such as golf and swimming. Joseph: But I also like boxing very much. Some people like such outdoor activities as fishing and mountain-climbing.Fletcher: And there are also people who like to be spectators. They're enthusiastic about games. Joseph: Y es. Although they don't join in any games, yet they usually watch them on TV, or listen to them over radio.Fletcher: That's right.Joseph: Actually, it's quite necessary for people, men and women, old and young, to do some physical exercises from time to time.Fletcher: Y ou're fight. Only by doing like this can they be healthy enough.I, Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.l. Where does the conversation take place? ( B )2. What sport is Joseph interested in? ( B )3. What sport is Fletcher interested in? ( A )4. What sport does fishing belong to? ( C )5. What can we infer from the dialogue? ( A )II. Listen to the dialogue again and write T for True or F for False for each statement you hear.l. The game Fletcher is interested in is similar to that of Joseph. ( F )2. Joseph also likes outdoor activities such as fishing and mountain-climbing. ( F )3. Some people who are enthusiastic about games like to be spectators. ( T )4. They think watching games on TV and listening to them over radio also do good to one'shealth. ( F )5. They think it's necessary for people to do physical exercises from time to time. ( T ) Dialogue ThreeWhy Don't Y ou Join Me at the Gym Sometime?Peter: Hi, Laura, Where are you heading with that big bag?Laura: Hi, Peter, I'm off to the gym, I've got to stay in shape, you know. I try to go three timesa week, but I'm busy so I can't always make it.Peter: I know more women who work out than men. What's the main reason you work out?For your health, or to look good?Laura: To be honest, for both. With women, good looks are always a very important consideration.Peter: If they were honest, most men who work out would admit that they also do it to look better, and not merely for health reasons.Laura: How about you? Do you get any regular exercise?Peter: I do a lot of walking, for exercise and enjoyment sometimes ten to twenty kilometers at a time but I never go to the gym like you do.Laura: Well, walking is good exercise. How about sports?Peter: Not since my school days. I used to love playing baseball, but it's impossible to get enough people together for a game now. Mostly I just watch sports on TV.Laura: I play tennis fairly regularly with my friends, and sometimes go swimming and cycling by myself.Peter: Oh, I forgot about that. I go cycling sometimes too. And I often go swimming on vacation. but only recreational swimming.Laura: Why don't you join me at the gym sometime? I can get you a guest pass.Peter: Well, maybe someday, but I'm pretty lazy about things like that.I. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. Why is Laura so keen on sports? ( D )2. What do you know about Peter? ( D )3. What sports does Laura go in for? ( C )4. What can we learn from the conversation? ( D )5. Where might the two speakers have this conversation? ( B )II. Listen to the dialogue again and fill in the blanks with the information you hear.Laura meets Peter on her way to the gym in order to stay in shape, look good and enjoy good health. They talk about their favorite sports. Peter does a lot of walking for exercise and enjoyment. He used to love playing baseball. He also goes cycling sometimes and swimming on vacation. Laura likes playing tennis, go swimming and cycling by herself. At last Laura invites Peter to join her at the gym sometime because she can get him a guest pass.Part Three PassagesPassage OneSportsAll over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.Games and sports often grow out of people's work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred year old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.I, Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What do sports and games often develop from? ( C )2. In what way do the Arabs mostly use horses or camels ? ( A )3. Where is swimming popular? ( D )4. Which of the following have a very long history? ( C )5. What can we learn from the passage? ( B )II. Listen to the passage again and complete the following sentences with the informationyou hear.1. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.2. Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.3. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet.4. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.5. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair. to win withoutpride and to lose with grace.Passage T woT ennisOnce open only to the rich, tennis is becoming more and more popular. Tennis courts are springing up everywhere. There are indoor and outdoor courts and even on the roofs of the skyscrapers. Sporting goods stores are doing a good business in tennis equipment. Tennis clothing has become an important item in fashion world.Early in history tennis was the sport of kings and if one or two of those kings were still ruling today, perhaps no one would be playing the game now. The French king Charles V loved to play tennis, but he was very fat and must have been a funny sight on the tennis court. One day he overheard two women laughing at him as he played and he immediately banned the sport. In England, Henry 1V stopped people from playing tennis because the church leaders of his time were angry that women wore less clothing when they played. For a time tennis was also not allowed in Holland.I, Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. What is the topic of this passage? ( C )2. Who could play tennis in the past? ( C )3. Who would be playing tennis now if one or two kings were still ruling today? ( C )4. What do you know about the French king Charles V? ( A )5. Why did Henry IV stop people from playing tennis? ( B )I. Listen to the passage again and answer the following questions.1. Is tennis a popular sport now?Yes.2. How popular is tennis now?Tennis courts are springing up everywhere. Sporting goods stores are doing a good business in tennis equipment and tennis clothing has become an important item in fashion world.3. Why did the French king Charles V ban the sport?The king loved to play tennis. But he was very fat. He overheard two women laughing at him as he played so he banned the sport.4. Who was Henry IV?He was the king of England.5. In which country was tennis also not allowed for a time?In Holland.Passage ThreeThree Popular Sports in the United StatesIf you judge by the number of people who go to see the games and by the number of those who actually play it, basketball is probably the most popular sport in the United States today. It isan indoor game, and the season extends from late fall, through the winter, to early spring. There are many professional teams, but for the most part basketball is a school sport. There is hardly a high school or college in the country that does not have its team and its loyal fans.In spring and summer, the most popular sport is baseball. During the warm weather you can see young men and boys playing this game in any part of the country. Radio and television bring the details of the big games to every comer of the land, and the activities of the professional teams are a topic of conversation for Americans everywhere.In the fall, the most popular sport is football. As you know, this is not the same kind of game that is so popular in other parts of the word. Like basketball and baseball, it is typically American, and those who have never seen it before have difficulty seeing any sense in it. But for most of the spectators the game itself is not so important as the music, the cheering, and the festive spirit that go with it.I. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. How do you judge that basketball is probably the most popular sport in the United Statestoday? ( C )2. Where is a basketball game often played? ( A )3. Whom can you see during the warm weather playing baseball in any part of the county?( B )4. What is the most popular sport in the autumn? ( C )5. For most of the spectators what is more important? ( D )II. Listen to the passage again and write T for True or F for False for each statement you hear.1. The basketball season extends from early spring to late fall. ( F )2. Most of the high schools and colleges have no basketball teams of their own. ( F )3. In spring and summer, the most popular sport is baseball. ( T )4. Radio and television often broadcast big baseball games to the whole country. ( T )5. American football is also popular in other parts of the world. ( F )Part Four Idioms and ProverbsI. In this part, you will be presented with ten sentences. Listen carefully and write them down.1. A desperate person will go to any length.2. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.3. Blood is thicker than water.4. Time cures all things.5. Don't count your chickens before they' re hatched.6. There is more than one way to skin a cat.7. First come, first served.8. He who laughs last laughs best.9. It's no use crying over the spilt milk.10. Laziness in youth spells regret in old age.II. In this part, you will hear ten sentences. In each sentence there is one idiom that is given below. Listen and guess its meaning from the context.Script:1.Be careful talking to the police tomorrow; a slip of the tongue could get us into big trouble.2. Learning English may be a difficult process, but in the long run it will be worth it.3. This may save money in the short run, but it's going to be expensive in the long run.4. My little brother follows me everywhere and asks a million questions. He is so annoying. Ithink he's a pain in the neck.5. We're planning a picnic for tomorrow afternoon. I hope it doesn't rain. Let's keep ourfingers crossed.6. Joanne is one of our best employees. She does reports quickly and accurately she's reallyon the ball.7. He would rather discuss important things face to face than on the telephone.8. When the man went to jail for stealing, he lost face among his family and friends.9. Mary didn't want to go to the party, but she didn't want to hurt her friends' feelings. Shetold a white lie when she said, "I can't go to the party. I'm not feeling well."10. Everyone in the room sat quietly waiting for someone else to speak first. Daniel finallysuggested that we play a game to break the ice. Then everyone started talking.Keys:1. to say something by accident2. in the distant future3. in the near future4. a bothersome (an annoying) person or event5. to wish strongly for something6. intelligent, knowledgeable, hardworking7. in each other's presence8. lose the respect of others9. a harmless lie10. make people comfortable at the beginning of a meeting or in a gatheringFive Exercises for HomeworkPart Five Exercises for HomeworkI. Short ConversationsIn this part, you will hear ten short conversations. Each of them is followed by a question. After the question, you are supposed to choose a correct answer from the four choices.1. W: I don't see a gas station anywhere ahead.M: I hope we find one before we run out of gas.Q : What does the man mean? ( B )2. W: What a crowd!M: This is the worst time. The morning classes are just over. Everybody is hungry and rushes here to have lunch.Q: When does this conversation take place? ( B )3. W: Y ou didn't speak up at the meeting today.M: I couldn't think of anything to say.Q: What does the man mean? ( A )4. M: Are you going to replace the light switch yourself?W: Why should I call an electrician?Q: What does the woman imply? ( C )5. M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house byearly next week.W: Well, fight now I think I want white for the window frame and yellow for the wall. ButI'll let you know tomorrow for sure.Q: Whom is the woman talking to? ( A )6. M: I'd like to reserve this room on Monday and Wednesday from 9 to 11 a.m.W: I'm sorry, It's only available in the afternoon on those days, but you can use it on Tues- day and Thursday morning if you like.Q: Where does this conversation take place? ( B )7. M: Fasten your seat belts please, Madam.W: Of course, I didn't realize we were planning to land so soon.Q: What can we learn about the man? ( C )8. M: I saw Bill today. He invited us to dinner tomorrow night.W: That's nice. But I really don't know him, and besides I have so much work to do.Q : What does the woman mean? ( B )9. W: I would like to check out now. My name is Nacy Muns, Room 1112.M: Y es, here you are. The rate on that room is $30. Y ou made a long distance call, person- to-person, so the telephone bill is $12.Q : How much does the woman have to pay? ( C )10. W: What happens in the first part of the film?M: To tell you the truth, I don't remember because it almost put me to sleep.Q : What does the man think of the film? ( B )II PassagePassage OneBad Effect or Good EffectExercise is often said to be good for everyone. But a new study has shown that exercise could be unhealthy, especially for people past middle age. The study was done with mice. It showed that although mild (xo.适度的) exercise had a good effect on the muscles of young mice, it harmed the muscles of mice past middle age.The three groups of mice in the experiment aimed in age at young, middle-aged, and elderly humans. The mice were placed on a treadmill (~'~) 30 minutes a day for a five-week period. At the end of that time, the young mice's leg muscles had increased almost 30 percent in weight, but those of the old mice were reduced by 25 percent. No clear pattern showed for the middle-aged mice. David Gershon, an expert who carded out the experiment, explained that the older mice's muscles were probably already breaking down and that exercise worsened the condition. An earlier study by Gershon showed that middle-aged mice benefited from exercise if they started exercising young and continued it.It's clear that because the tests were done on mice, drawing conclusions about human is too early. But the studies do not totally support the theory that exercise is good under any condition. Let's use the tests on mice as a bridge for other studies.Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear.1. Why were the mice of different ages used in the study? ( C )2. Where were the mice placed? ( D )3. What effect did the exercise have on the older mice's muscles? ( B )4. Which of the following is the most proper title for the passage? ( A ) I5. What was the purpose of experimenting with mice? ( D )Passage T woFootballDo you like playing football? Football is the world's most popular game, played in more countries than any other sport. Football has been an Olympic game since 1900. And now it is getting more and more popular all over the world.In 1900, football became one of the first team sports included in the Olympic Games. During the 2000 Sydney Games, the sport celebrated 100 years of Olympic football. Women's football was introduced at the 1996 Olympic Games, where the final attracted a world record crowd for a women's sporting event of 76,000 people. Olympic women footballers must be at least 16 years old.The modem game of football started with the foundation of the Football Association of England in 1863. The ancient Chinese, Greeks and Romans played a similar game, long before English kings the 1300s and 1400s were trying to outlaw the violent sport. Professionals are allowed in the men's tournament. Rules restrict players under 23 years 01d with the exception of three over-age players. At the Athens 2004 Olympic Games there will be an increase in the number of women's teams from 8 to 10. The men's tournament will not change and be set at 16 teams.Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1. When did football find its way into Olympic Games?In 1900.2. When was women's football introduced at the Olympic games?In 1996.3. How old should Olympic women footballer be?At least 16 years old.4. When was the Football Association of England founded?In 1863.5. How many men's teams will be allowed in the men's tournament?16 teams.Passage ThreeBicycle Messengers OlympicsThere is a special kind of race in San Francisco. Since the streets are so crowded with cars, people ride bikes to deliver packages. Once a year these bike messengers have a race.It is the Bike Messenger World Championships. More than 600 riders from 25 countries compete. A lot of the riders like the competition. Some of the riders think that if they win, they will be able to get a job anywhere.Some riders just like being there. They have a lot of fun and meet other riders. They also like tiding the steep hills.Some riders have tattoos. Some have pierced body parts. Some have wild hairstyles. Others have a clean cut look. There were two messengers with only one leg.They started the event by having 5,000 people ride their bikes through town. They wanted other people to be aware of what they did.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences with the information you hear1. People ride bikes to deliver packages because the streets are so crowed with cars.2. It is the Bike Messenger World Championships. More than 600 riders from 25 countriescompete.3. Some riders just like being there. They have a lot of fun and meet other riders.4. Some riders have tattoos. Some have pierced body parts. Some have wild hairstyles.5. They started the event by having 5,000 people ride their bikes through town. They wantedother people to be aware of what they did.III. A story for RetellingHere is a story. Listen and retell it.She Deserves It!My friend and I were playing baseball last week, and we went to a baseball field. My girlfriend was with us, but she decided that she wanted to take a nap in the outfield. So she took a blanket and she was laying down. She was pretty much out of the way. She was in the safe place for the most part. A little bit later in the afternoon, my friend was batting and I was pitching, I threw the ball and he hit the ball relatively close to her. She was sleeping and she had no idea the ball was coming towards her, so I started yelling and the ball just missed her. I saw the ball just missed her, I started yelling at her to move. She wouldn't listen to me. She was just sleeping saying that everything was okay. I got fed up and thought, "If a ball hits her she deserves it .She deserves to be hit she's being too stubborn." So I said to my friend, "Nick, you know what, go ahead and hit her. She deserves it." On the very next pitch, he hit the ball really hard and it hit fight into my leg and dropped me. I fell down in a serious pain. My girlfriend came running over. It was very ironic. He'd hit me so hard that the stitching on the baseball left imprint on my leg that lasted for about two days.。
通用学术英语视听说
通用学术英语视听说Academic English is the cornerstone for effective communication in scholarly pursuits. It is the language of textbooks, lectures, and research papers, bridging the gap between diverse academic disciplines.Listening to academic lectures requires a keen ear for specialized vocabulary and the ability to follow complex arguments. It's about more than just hearing the words; it's about understanding the underlying concepts and the nuances of academic discourse.Speaking in an academic setting demands clarity and precision. It's about articulating thoughts in a structured manner, supporting arguments with evidence, and engaging in meaningful dialogue with peers and professors.Reading academic texts is a skill that involves critical analysis and the ability to synthesize information from various sources. It's not just about comprehension, but also about evaluating the credibility and relevance of the material.Writing in an academic context is a craft that requires a mastery of formal language, logical structuring of ideas, and adherence to citation protocols. It's about presenting information in a way that is both persuasive and informative.Mastering the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing in academic English is essential for success in higher education and professional development. It empowers students to engage with a global community of scholars and to contribute meaningfully to their fields of study.To excel in academic English, one must immerse themselves in the language, practice regularly, and seek feedback from proficient speakers. It's a journey of continuous learning and improvement, where each step forward enhances the ability to communicate complex ideas with clarity and confidence.。
外研社《英语初级听力》第12课课文翻译
Lesson TwelveSection one:A）DialoguesDialogue 1:--Do you think you could stop whistling? 你觉得你能停止吹口哨吗？I’m trying to write an essay.我正想写一篇文章。
--Oh,I’m sorry. I thought you were in the other room.哦，我很抱歉，我以为你在另一个房间里。
Dialogue 2：--Is it alright if I leave my rucksack on the back seat? 我把背包放在后座上行吗?--Yes of course. Go ahead. 是的，当然可以。
放吧。
--And would you mind if I took off my shoes? 你介意我脱下我的鞋子吗?My feet are killing me.我的两只脚真要我的命。
--Well, I’d rather you didn’t. 额，我希望你不要做。
It’s rather a hot day. 这是相当热的一天。
Dialogue 3:--Hello,Charles, I haven’t seen you all day. 你好,查尔斯,我一整天都没见到你。
What have you been doing? 你在做什么?--Actually I’ve been working on my first novel. 其实，我一直在写我的第一部小说。
--Oh,yes. How far have you got with it?哦，好吧。
你小说进展如何?--Well, I thought of a good title, 嗯,我想到了一个好题目,and I made a list of characters,我做了一个角色列表，and I’ve designed the front cover.并且我已经设计好了封面。
专门用途英语课程系列：大学学术英语视听说教程上(2020年整理).pptx
学海无 涯
4、froze 5、a bow 6、unique and beautiful
a baby 7、pass it on to her children in the future 8、uncle 9 、 had a big disagreement with them Listening for stressed words： Expert 1 A C Expert 2 A C Expert 3 B
·First role models are often parents ·Peter likes to study because his mother studies with him. Main Idea 8
·do as I tell you
学海无涯 ·Studies: If you smoke, probably ineffective to tell a child not to smoke. Main Idea 9 ·family members, friends Main Idea 10 ·from TV: 80% of programs contain violent behavior Main Idea 11 ·grow up in environment with fair rules that are followed Chapter 2
The Power of the Group •Reading and thinking about the topic B. Answer the questions: 1、People can belong to different groups: families, friends, groups at work, at school, and in religious settings, and societies and nations. 2、Peer pressure is pressure put on others of the same age or in the same situation. 3、The groups we belong to may influence our opinions, interactions, and decisions.
视听说听力原文lesson1-13
Lesson 1 NapoleonToday, I ' m going to talk to you about one of the most important historical figures in European history: Napoleon Bonaparte. Let by talking about his early life. Napoleon was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. Napoleon was not a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old,he joined the French army. In that year 1785,he began the military career that would bring him fame ,power,riches and finally defeat. Napoleon became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Napoleon had many victories on the battlefield but he also became involved in French law and politics. And in 1804, at the age of 35,he became the first emperor of the France.Napoleon was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N.won many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but some countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat —“ his end ” came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone -deserted by his family and friends in 1821. Napole on was only 51 years old whe n he died.Less on 2 PompeiiThe lecture for this class is about the city of Pompeii. A n atural disaster occurred there almost 2000 years ago.Today many rich people who live in large metropolitan areas such asBeiji ng, Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city no ise and heat.2,000 years ago, wealthy Roma ns did the same thin g.They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Roma ns spe nt their summers in the city of Pompeii, a beautiful city, located on the Bay of Naples.In the summer of the year 79 C.E., a young Roma n boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy n ame was Pli ny the Youn ger. One day Pli ny was look ing up at the sky.He saw a frighte ning sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. What Pliny saw was the eruption of the volca no called Mount Vesuvius.Rock and ash flew through the air. The city of P . was at the foot of Mt. V.. When the volcano first erupted, manypeople were able to get out of the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortun ately, there was not eno ugh time for every one to escape. More tha n 2,000 people died. These uni ucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash.The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P . was buried under 20 feet of volca nic rock and ash. The city of P . was forgotte n for almost 1,700 years. In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digg ing, he un covered a part of a wall of the an cie nt city of P.. Soon archaeologists bega n to dig in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists come from all over the world to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.Lesson 4 Roller CoasterLet's talk about the physics involved in a ride on a roller coaster. I'm sure many of you have take n a ride on a roller coaster. A simple roller coaster con sists of a frame with a track on it. The track is very much like a train track, this track goes over a series of hills and around curves. It follows a path that ends at the same place it started. A train of carstravels around on this track, very fast. The cars have two sets of wheels. One set of wheels rolls on top of the track, and the others set of wheels rolls below the track. The wheels below the track keep the fast moving cars from coming off the track, roller coaster cars as you probably know don't have any motors or engines. Instead, a chain pulls the cars up the first, tallest and steepy staff hill, this is how the ride begins. Then, at the top of the hill the chain comes off the cars and gravity takes over. gravity pushes the cars down the other side of the hill. the taller and steeper the first hill is, the faster the ride will be. And the farther the cars will travel. as the cars rolled downhill they gained speed. the cars have enough speed and energy to send them up the next hill. as the cars near the top of the second hill they begin to slow down. but then, the cars reached the top of that hill, and start down the other side. gravity again pushes them toward the ground. this process repeats on each hale. Okay, so let's go over this process again. first, the cars are pulled by a chain up the first highest hill. then they go down a very steep slope, at this point, there is enough energy to pull the cars up and over the next hill. when they reached the bottom of that hill, there is enough energy to climb the next hill, the roller coaster cars lose energy as the ride continues. so, the hills have to be smaller toward the end of the track, finally we roll to a stop on ground level right where we began.Lesson 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I 'lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child Ian guage development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second Ianguage, but for a moment, let ' s think about a related topic, and that is:How childre n develop their first Ian guageWhat do we know about how babies develop their Ianguage and com muni cati on ability? Well, we know babies are able to com muni cate as soon as they are born,even before they learn to speak their firstIan guage. At first, they com muni cate by crying. This crying lets thei parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begi n the process of acquiri ng their Ian guage. The first state of Ianguage acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing no ises whe n they are happy. Then, around four mon ths of age they beg in to babble. Babies all over the world beg in to babble around the same age, and they all beg in to make the same kinds of babbli ng no ises. Now, by the time they are ten mon ths old, however, the babbling of babies from different Ianguage backgro unds sounds differe nt. For example, the babbli ng of a baby in a Chin ese-speak ing home sounds differe nt from the babbli ng of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babies begin a new stage of Ianguage developme nt when they beg in to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say —baba II for the word —bottle II or —kiki II for —cat. I In the n ext few mon ths, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby's en vir onment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begi n to use these words to com muni cate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says —juice, I to his father the baby seems to be saying, —I want more juice, Daddy II or —May I have more juice, Daddy? I This word — juice II is really a one-word senten ce.Now, the n ext stage of Ian guage acquisiti on begi ns around the age of 18 mon ths, whe n the babies begi n to say two-word senten ces. They begi n to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called —telegraphic I speech because the babies omit al but themost essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like —Daddy, up II which actually could mean —Daddy, pick me up, please.I Then, betwee n two and three years of age, young childre n beg in to lear n more and more grammar. For example, they begi n to use the past tense of verbs. The childre n beg in to say things such as —I walked home II and —I kissed Mommy. II They also beg in to overgeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often say such thins as —I goed to bed II in stead of — I went to bed, I or — I eated ice cream II in stead of —I ate ice cream. I In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as —walk II and —kiss, I but they haven' t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like —eat II are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be lear ned in dividually. Any way, these mistakes are no rmal, and the childre n will soon lear n to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it ' s quite amazing how quickly ba and childre n all over the world lear n their Ian guage and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember any thi ng about how you lear ned your first Ian guageWhat was your first word? Was it ——mama II or maybe ——papa I ?Now think also about the process of learning English as a second Ianguage. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was ——mama. II Now, think about some of the similarities and differences invoIved in the processes of child and adult Ianguage learning. We' ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and sec ond Ianguage lear ning processes tomorrow. See you the n.Lesson 7 RobotsWhe n people thi nk about a robot, they ofte n picture a machi ne that look s something like a human being. However, tha' not always the case. Mo st robots do not look much like a human being at all, they look like machi nes becausethat 'what most of them are- in dustrial machi nes.Today, ' m oing to talk mostly about in dustrial robots used in in dustry. These are robots that do work that for huma ns would be physically dema nding, repetitive, dan gerous or very bori ng. Most in dustrial robots work on in an assembly line in a factory. For example, a robot might put liz on j ars of fruits or start boxesfor shaping. In a car factory, robotic arms on an assembly line join the parts of a car together; other robots tighten the bo atson the car 'w h eelsor paint the car. There are thousands of robots put ting cars together in ______ pla n. These robots are very precise whe n repeat ing a task. For example, they always tighten boats with the same exact a mount of force. They always move a heavy engine to exactly where it sho uld be and they always put ahold in the exact same place in every car do or hour after hour. These are examples of robots doing the work humans could do but the robots are doing the work more efficiently and preciselySo, just how do robots work? To do its job a robot first needs a control s ystem. This control system directs the robots mechanical parts. The contr ol system of a robot is sort of speak--a robot brain. So how does a robot l earn which action to do first and which of its moving part needs to do th at action?A robot learns its job with the help and guidance of a human b eing. To teach an industrial robot to do something, first a person must us e a hand-held computer. The computer is used to guide therobot 'a s rm a nd hand through the motions it needs to do. Then, the robot stores exact movement in its computer memory. The robot has sensors to gather info rmation, so now the robot will use its sensors to direct its actions. The ro bot tells its moving part what to do and then it performs the action. For e xample, to pick up and move a box, the robot first finds the box, next it d ecides the weight of the box. Then it decides how much force is needed t o lift and move thebox, and finally, it finds the correct place to put the b ox down. It repeats the process over and over until it's turned off. It does the same job until it is given the job and new program to follow. Some sc ientists think that robots of the future will be smarter than today's robot s. They may also look more human like or even animal like. In fact, they may work and think more like humans do. The industrial robots we've be en talking about so far today are automatic robots.They are known as automatic robots because they have program to follo w a specific series of movement. Usually, they have parts that move but t hey really don't travel around. On the other hand, an autonomous machi ne can change itsbehavior in relation to its surroundings. For example, an autonomous robot with wheelsor legs to move around can change direc tion when it senses that there are something in its way. A robot suchas …candetect the moveme nt of people n earby. It can move to avoid bump ing into sb. coming toward it. Asthma can even learn to dance by followi ng the movements of a dancer next to it. I don't know whether or when people would welcome autonomousmachines or human like robots. I gu ess that we will not only think about that in the future. We need to think about how we will interact with our global doctor: robal teacher, robal p et, or even our robal friend.Lesson 8 A Tidal WaveA tidal wave is a very large and very destructive wall of water that rushesin from the ocean towards the shore. Many scientists call these waves tsunami. InJapanesetsunami means “ stormwave. ”But do you know that tidal are not caused by storms and that they are not true tidal at all? A true tidal is the regular rise a waves and fall of ocean waters, at definite times each day, but a tidal wave comes rushing in suddenly and unexpectedly. A tidal wave is caused by an underwater earthquake. Theword “ seaquake ” is made up of two words, the word “seawhich me “ ocean a”nd the word “ quake ”“.Toquake ”means “ toshake ”or “totremble. ” When a seaquake takes place at the bottom of the ocean, the ocean floorshakes and trembles, and sometimes the ocean floor shifts. It is this shaking thatproduces the tidal wave. The tidal wave begins to move across the sea at great speed.Tidal waves have taken many human lives in the past. Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. They use a seismograph to do this. A seismograph is an instrument that records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of an earthquake or seaquake. It is not possible to hold back a tidal wave, but it is possible to warn people that a tidal wave is coming. This warning can save many lives.Lesson 9 Levels of LanguageToday I want to talk about levels of language usage. You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general, broad categories, or levels ofusage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. I ' m not talking about correct anincorrect English. What I ' m talking about are two levels of correct English. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books such as encyclopedias, and in business letters.For example, a letter to a university would be in formal style. You would also use formal English in compositions and essaysthat you write in school. People usually use formal English when they give classroom lectures or speeches and at ceremonies such as graduations. We also tend to use formal language in conversations with persons we don' t know well or with people we have a formal relationship with, such as professors, bosses, doctors, friends of our parents 'str,angers, etc. Informal language is used in conversations with colleagues, family and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends, as well as in diaries, etc.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways.However, today I ' m going to talk only about a couple of ways. First of all,formal language tends to be more polite. Interestingly, it usually takesmore words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or family member, "Close the door, please", but to a stranger or someone in authority I probably would say "Would you mind closing the door" or "Excuse me, could you please close the door" Using words like "could" and "would" makes my request sound more polite, but alsomore formal. Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let me give you a couple of examples of what I mean. Let ' s say "I ' m just crazy about soccer!" But if Iwere talking to my supervisor or a friend of my parents 'I w, ould probably say "I really enjoy soccer" or "I like soccer very much". LetI ' mtelling someone some news I heard about the police arresting a criminal. To my friend I might say "The cops bagged the crook". To my parents ' friend I might say "The police arrested thhi e f"t.Although the line between formal and informal language is not always clear and although people are probably less formal today than in the past, it is useful to be aware that these two levels, or categories, do exist. The best way for a non-native speaker of English to learn the difference is to observe the different ways English speakers speak or write in different situations. Television newscasters, your college professors in class, your doctors in their offices, etc, will usually speak rather formally. However, your classmates, teammates, family members, friends, etc. will generallyspeak in an in formal fashi on. The differe nee can be lear ned over time by observ ing and in teract ing with n ative speakers.Lesson 10 Power: The Kinds People Use and AbuseJoh n Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the n eed for a sense of pers onal power is one of the primary forces in huma n life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeli ng of powerless ness is one of the most disturb ing of huma n emotions —a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists defi ne power as the ability to determ ine or to cha nge the acti ons or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to ide ntify differe nt kinds of power so that they can better un dersta nd how people use these differe nt kinds of power to gain con trol over other people. They are tryi ng to un dersta nd how people mani pulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologi sts have identified five basic types of power, and I to talk about each of these briefly in the n ext few mi nutes.The first type of power is called in formatio n power. Some psychologist believed like that in formati on power is one of the most effective types of power and con trol. The pers on who has in formati on that other people want and n eed, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have in formatio n. Havi ng in formatio n in creases a pers on ' sown sense of power. People who provide in formatio n can man ipulate those who donot have in formati on. Often, whe n people receive information, they do not know that they are being mani pulated by those who provided the in formati on. The psychologist n amed Edwards says, for example, that n ewspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these n ewspaper readers gen erally believe the in formati on they read.Readers do not questio n the accuracy of the reports about world eve nts they read in the n ewspapers.A sec ond type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a pers on may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that pers on can in flue nee your acti onsand behavior. Many people imitate and are con trolled by the people they ide ntify with. Let me give you a sad example of the use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jon estow n, Guya na, more tha n 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More rece ntly a man n amed David Koresh con trolled the lives and dest inies of a small com mun ity of men, wome n, and childre n in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confron tati on with U.S. gover nment age nts.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the gover nment decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their gover nment officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experime nt that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. Whe n he was dressed as a civilia n, few people moved away from the bus stop. Whe n the researcher was dressed as a guard, mostpeople moved away from the bus stop. The guard ' s uniformseemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is apers on who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about somethi ng, such as computers. Most people are impressed by the skills or kno wledge of an expert. Some of these“ experts ” use their skills at playing sports or knowing about computers to gain power and in flue nee —and to gain money oradmirati on, accord ing to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Fin ally, reward or coercive power is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person ' s actions or behavior.Giving a reward will change people ' s behavior because it offerspeople a cha nee for gain. Giving a puni shme nt may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful pers on wants them to do, but the cha nges may not last for a long time. The pers on who uses coercive power may also have to carefully watch thatthe less powerful pers on does, in fact, cha nge his or her acti ons or behavior.To sum up, the n, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to ide ntify with or to imitate; it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skills or expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people.We all exercise one or more of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one or more of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.Lesson 11 Asian and African Elephants: Similarities and Diffe rencesThe African and the Asian elephants are the largest land animals in the w orld. They are really enormous animals. The African and the Asian elepha nts are alike, or similar, i n many ways, but there are differe nces betwee n the 2 types of elepha nts, too.What are some of the similarities between the African and the Asian elep hant? Well, for one thi ng, both ani mals have long no ses, called trun ks. A n elephant sometimes uses its trunk like a third hand. Both kinds of elep hants use their trunks to pick up verysmall objects and very large, heavy objects. They can even pick up trees with their trunks. For another thing, both the African and the Asian elephants have very large ears, although t he African elephant 'ea s rs are considerably larger.In addition, both animals are intelligent. They can be trained to do heavy work. They can also be trained to do tricks to entertain people. In other words, they both work for people, and they entertain people also.As I said before, the African and Asian elephants are alike in many ways, but they are also quite different, too. Let me explain what I mean. The Af rican elephant is larger and heavier than the Asian elephant. Asian eleph ants reach a height of about 10 feet, and African elephants reach about 13 feet tall.The African male elephant weighs between 12,000 and 14,000 pounds. I n contrast, the average Asian male elephant weighs between 7,000 and 1 2,000 pounds. So one is bigger than the other, but as you can see,both are still enormous animals.Another difference between the 2 kinds of elephants is the size of the ea rs. Asian elephants have smaller ears than African elephants . The Africa n elephant has 2 very large teeth. These teeth are called tusks. The Asian elephanthowever sometimes does not have any tusks at all. The elephants differ i n color, too. The African elephant is dark gray in color while the Asian ele phant is light gray. Occasionally an Asian elephant is even white ! The last big difference between the 2 typesof elephants is their temperament. The Asian elephant is tamer than the African elephant, orin another way, the African elephant is much wilder than the Asian eleph ant. As a result,it 'm s ore difficult to train the African elephant to perfor m tricks to entertain people. That 'w s hy the elephants you see in the circ us are probably Asian elephants and not African elephants.Yes, there certainly are differences between the African and the Asian ele phants, but as I mention at the start of mytall, there is one big similarity between the 2 animals: they are both fasci nating and enormous animals.Lesson 13 Lincoln and KennedyJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln lived in different times and had very different family and educational backgrounds. K ennedy lived in the 20th century; Lincoln lived in the 19th cen tury. Kennedy was born in 1917, whereas Lincoln was born m ore than a hundred years earlier, in 1809. As for their family b ackgrounds, Kennedy came from a rich family, but Lincoln 'f samily was not wealthy. Because Kennedy came from a wealthy family, he was able to attend expensive private schools. He graduated from Harvard University. Lincoln, on the other hand, had only one year of formal schooling. In spite of his lack of f ormal schooling, he became a well-known lawyer. He taught himself law by reading law books. Lincoln was, in other words, a self-educated man.In spite of these differences in Kennedy and Lincoln 'b s ackgr ounds, some interesting similarities between the 2 men are ev ident. In fact, books have been written about the strange coin cidences in the lives of these 2 men. Take for example ,their political careers. Lincoln began his political car eer in congress. Similarly, Kennedy also began his political car eer in congress. Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Repr esentatives in 1847, and Kennedy was elected to the House in 1947. So they were elected to congress exactly 100 years apart. Another interesting coincidence is that each man was e lected president of the United States in a year ending with the number 60. Lincoln was elected president in 1860, and Kenne dy was elected in 1960; furthermore, both men were presiden t during years of civil unrest in the country. Lincoln was presid ent during the American Civil War. At the time Kennedy became president,African-Americans were fighting for their21 /22civil rights , un rest took the form of civil rights dem on strati ons. Times change and it s just over 15 more years,the United States elected its first Africa n-America n preside nt Barack Obama . Preside nt Obama was elected in 2008 and get back to talk about Lincoln and Kenn edy. Another striking similarity between these 2 men was that, as y ou probably know, n either preside nt lived to complete his ter m in office. Li ncol n and Kenn edy were both assass in ated whil e in office. Kenn edy was assass in ated in 1963 inDallas, Texas, after only 1,000 days in office. Lincoln was assas sinated in 1865 a few days after the end of the American Civil War. It ' rather curious to note that both presidents were sh ot while they were sitting next to their wives.These are only a few examples of the unusual similarities in th e desti nies of these 2 America ns — men who had a treme ndou s impact on the social and political life in the United States an d the imagination of the American people.…,but let me。
大学听说教程Unit12课件答案
Unit12 HavinB How to Throw a Great Party
Part 1
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to watch a video clip and then complete the following tasks below.
Unit12 Having a Party
Part 1
Section A
Now read the following three short conversations and fill in the blanks with proper words: Conversation 1 A: Would you like to 1) ___ us in the party tonight? join B: It would be my 2) pleasure . _______ Can I bring anything? A: Just yourself. B: Ok, I’ll be there with bells on. I’m 3) _____________ to it. looking forward Conversation 2 A: Well, it is a great party, I had a 4) wonderful time./ I’m really ________ having a good time. B: It is very 5) kind of you to ___ come. A: We should get together for drinks soon. B: 6) Sure . Good night and drive ____ carefully.
新编实用英语(第四版)视听说初级教程(上)教学课件U12
stylish suit sweater tie T-shirt What's up with the. . . You're kidding.
Grammar Point:
Present Progressive Tense Examples: I am wearing a shirt today. She is not wearing high heels. They are wearing athletic shoes.
Visual Audio Oral
A. DESCRIBE. Fill in the chart with what each of the people usually wears.
Ann
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Barbara
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Ben
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Paul
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Hale Waihona Puke ••••
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B. WRITE ABOUT IT. Use your notes from the exercise above to answer the questions.
C A
UUnniitt |TOwneleve
Visual Audio Oral
C. MATCH. Who are they talking about? Watch the video again and write the name of the person being described next to each statement. Write P for Paul and B for Ben.
UUnniitt |TOwneleve
Before Watching
Visual Audio Oral
大学英语视听说教程第二册pptUnit12
Expressions Used by Patients
➢ I didn’t sleep a wink last night. ➢ I feel awful. ➢ I’m under a lot of pressure. ➢ Is it serious? ➢ You mean…?
Unit 12 Medicine
Shelley: Maybe I should resume my habit of jogging. Doctor: That’s a fine idea. Now I’m going to write you a prescription to relieve
you of symptoms just a bit, until you manage things better.
Listening Strategy
Drawing Inferences (1)
The ability to draw correct inferences from what we have heard is an important skill in listening comprehension, because a speaker doesn’t always state directly what he/she intends to say but implies it instead. As a result, a speaker’s opinion on what he/she discusses often has to be inferred from the hints he/she has dropped. In this case, we must synthesize all these so as to get a whole picture of what is being discussed.
学术英语视听说lesson 12
Pros
Cons
BEFORE VIEWING
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
Proper Names
Antarctica 南极洲
Words and Phrases
have no problem doing sth. 做某 事没难度 pretty much 基本上，差不多 caption n. 标题，说明文字 artistically adv. 在艺术方面
8. I think one of the most inspirational parts about photography is that you’re never droanllye.
VIEWING
THIRD VIEWING
v Complete these notes as you watch the video. Write only important words, not full sentences, and abbreviate common words.
2. When making friends in new communities, people don’t always have the same language in common.
3. Flexibility is an important quality for professional photographers on assignment because they might have to set up camp in some unusual places.
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大学英语专业初级听力listen to this1 Lesson 12答案
Lesson 12 答案Section 1DialoguesA.1. b2. a3. c4. b5. c6. cB.Dialogue 11. The glasses are dirty and one of them has even lipstick on it.2. Yes. He goes to fetch some clean ones immediately.Dialogue 21. Head Waiter.2. The man complains that he and his wife have been waiting for nearly an hour fortheir meal.3. He says that their staff has been kept unusually busy.Dialogue 31. Her coffee is practically cold.2. He goes immediately to fetch her a fresh pot.Section 2B.1. (1) lock the doors(2) shut the windows(3) cancel the milk and papers(4) don’t leave ladders about(5) tell the people next doorC.1. (1) Some sort of wine.(2) No, he doesn’t. He is a bit tired.(3) Because the other man has spilt the drink over his trousers when offering it tohim.(4) She is now the wife of the man who has dropped the drink.Section 3Dictations:1. A woman went into a bar and asked for a glass of water. The barman pointed a gun at her. She thanked him and went out.2. A man was found lying dead in the middle of a desert. He had a pack on his back.3. A woman dialed the number on the telephone. Someone answered and said, “Hello.” She put the phone down with a happy smile.4. A man is found dead in the room. There is no furniture, and all the doors and windows are locked from the inside. There is a pool of water on the floor.5. There is a man on the bed and a piece of wood on the floor. The second man comes into the room with sawdust on his hands, smiles and goes out again.。
中科大综合英语听力教程Unit 12
U n i t T w e l v e Present and FuturePart I Diversity in Culture☺Task 3Some people find cultural differences interesting and exciting. They are mentally and physically stimulated by encounters with people from other cultures, and they want more. Other people, though, do not have that reaction. In the presence of people from different cultures they feel discomfort, confusion and anxiety. They have a strong tendency to judge or evaluate other people and to reach negative conclusions about them. Surely people of the first type are more likely to have constructive experience with people from other cultures than are those of the second type. But we can do something to help people react more constructively than they might otherwise. This is called to cope with culture shock.Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation one experiences when confronted with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. Many things contribute to it --- smells, sounds, flavors, the very feeling of the air one is breathing. Of course, the natives’ unfamiliar language and behavior contribute to it too. People’s responses to culture shock vary greatly, from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal, depression, physical illness, and hostility. A particular individual might react to culture shock one way one day and another the next.The notion of culture shock calls two useful points to mind. First, most people experience some degree of culture shock when they go to a new country, whether they admit it to themselves and others or not. Culture shock is more a product of the situation of being in a new culture than it is of the traveler’s personal traits. Second, culture shock, like other kinds of “shock,” is normally transitory. It passes with time.Academic analysts of the culture shock idea point out that the experience of the culture shock need not be negative. While there may be some unhappiness and unpleasantness along with the confusion and disorientation, the confusion and disorientation are necessary steps in learning about the new culture. If everything in the new place is just like home, no learning will come from being there.Questions:1. Why do some people find cultural differences interesting and exciting?2. What is culture shock?3. Which of the following things was NOT mentioned to contribute to culture shock, according to the passage?4. How long does culture shock usually last?5. What does the speaker say about culture shock?6.Why does the speaker think that culture shock sometimes should be regarded as something positive?1. A. Because they can evaluate other cultures easily.B. Because they are mentally and physically stimulated by different cultures.C. Because they can reach negative conclusions about other cultures.D. Because they can adapt themselves to other cultures.2. A. It is a feeling of excitement in a different culture.B. It is an impact of a different culture on one’s own.C. It is a feeling of confusion in a different culture.D. It is a positive reaction to a different culture.3. A. Curiosity.B. Unfamiliar language.C. Strange behavior.D. Smells and sounds.4. A. It usually lasts for quite some time.B. It usually lasts only for a short time.C. It always stays with an individual when he is confronted with a new culture.D. It usually goes past when an individual recalls his own culture.5. A. It is the result of the traveler’s personal traits.B. It is a reaction of a foreign visitor to mental depression.C. It is a product of the situation of being in a new culture.D. It is a kind of hostility to a new culture.6. A. Because it urges us to learn about new cultures.B. Because it contributes to our experience.C. Because it helps to do away with our unhappiness and unpleasantness.D. Because it is not always negative for our academic research.Part II Globalization in Economy☺ Task 3World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization that promotes trade in goods and services between nations.A WTO member nation has both rights and responsibilities. The most important right guarantees that, except in special circumstances, a country's export goods and services get the same treatment as those of any other WTO member. This treatment includes the same tariffs and other trade restrictions. The main responsibility of a member nation is to follow WTO guidelines on international trade. For example, a member nation must treat the exports of all WTO members equally. Another important rule involves the resolution of trade disputes. In case of disagreement over a trade issue, a member nation agrees to submit the case to a WTO committee for review. If the committee finds that a country has violated its WTO commitments, the country must either change its practices or face increased taxes on its exports.The World Trade Organization was founded in 1995. It absorbed the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GA TT), which covers trade in manufactured and agricultural goods. The WTO also regulates trade in services and in intellectual property, which includes such creations as books, computer software, and recordings.The WTO is one of three major organizations that oversee international economic relations among governments. The other two are the International Monetary Fund, which works to improve payment arrangements and other financial dealings between countries, and the World Bank, which provides loans to poorer nations for economic development. WTO headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.Questions:1.What is the most important right that a WTO member nation has?2.What is the main responsibility of a WTO member nation?3.What should a member nation do if a trade dispute arises?4.What will happen if a member nation doesn’t change its practices against the WTO commitments?5.In what way does WTO expand the scope of the GA TT agreement, according to the passage?6.How many major organizations does this passage mention in overseeing international economic relations?1. A. No trade restrictions.B. No discrimination against its trade disputes.C. The equal treatment of its export goods and services.D. The timely payment for its export goods and services.2. A. To treat the export of WTO member nations in a favorable way.B. To observe WTO principles on international trade.C. To administer existing free trade agreements.D. To establish world trade practices.3. A. It should negotiate with the related country in a peaceful way.B. It should reduce its export of goods and services to the related country.C. It should review the cause of the dispute.D. It should agree to submit the dispute to a WTO committee4. A. It will face increased export taxes.B. Both its import and export will be restrictedC. Its international image will be spoiled.D. It will be excluded from WTO.5. A. It covers trade in manufactured goods.B. It covers trade in services and intellectual property.C. It covers trade in agricultural goods.D. It covers a framework for international trade law.6. A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.Part III The World in Perspective☺Task 3The internet, as a means for commerce, did not become reality until the 1990s. Before this time, it was mainly a tool for the army, and a research device for some American universities. Its popularity grew when it proved to become a fast and efficient means to conduct long distance transactions, as well as an effective way to distribute information.The number one advantage that e-commerce possesses is speed. With increased speeds of communication, the delivery time is expedited and that makes the whole transaction from start to finish more efficient. Also, you can find practically any products available for sale on the Internet. Even more significant is the fact that information appearing on the Internet can be changed extremely rapidly. This gives business owners the ability to inform customers of any changes to the service that you are offering.The second advantage of the electronic commerce is the opportunity it offers to save on costs. By using the Internet, marketing, distribution, personnel, phone, postage and printing costs, among other things, can be reduced.You can start doing business in cyberspace for as little as $100. The savings, therefore, are tremendous. These funds can then be diverted to marketing and advertising of your product or service.Cyberspace knows no national boundaries. That means you can do business all over the world as easily as you can in your neighborhood. Since the Internet connects everyone in cyberspace, information is transmitted at the speed of sound and the speed of light, depending on your connection. Either way, distance becomes meaningless, which makes you able to link to anyone on the globe and anyone on the globe can link to you. The ability to provide links makes doing business on the Internet attractive to customers in any part of the world.A potential source of trouble is customer concerns with privacy and security. Anything sent over the internet is sent through several different computers before it reaches its destination.Questions:1.What was the Internet mainly used for before the 1990s?2.Which of the following is not the factor that can make the transaction more efficient on the Internet?3.How much will you invest if you start doing business in cyberspace, according to the speaker?4.Why does distance become meaningless in e-commerce?5.What do customers worry about in e-commerce?6.What does the passage mainly discuss?1. A. For research devices.B. For public education.C. For military transportation.D. For business management.2. A. Speedy communication.B. Availability of products for sale.C. Timely updated information.D. The ability to contact customers.3. A. As little as $100.B. More than $100.C. Less than $100.D. No more than $10.4. A. Because there are no national boundaries in the world.B. Because the Internet has the ability to provide links.C. Because either businesses or customers need to travel long distances.D. Because transportation has been much faster than before.5. A. Prices of products.B. Speed of transaction.C. Quality of products.D. Privacy and security.6. A. The function of e-commerce.B. The disadvantages of e-commerce.C. The advantages of e-commerce.D. The history of e-commerce.。
新世纪研究生英语听说(下)原文LESSON12(B)
LESSON TWELVECulturePART A1. W: I want to play tennis tomorrow, but I didn't bringmy racket with me this weekend. Do you haveone I could borrow?M: I do. But it has a broken string.Q: What is the woman’problem?2. M: Sorry, but I can’t go and have a cup of coffeewith you now. I’ve done only half of thereadings for the philosophy class tomorrow.W: I thought I was a slow reader.Q: What does the woman mean?3. M: I broke my ankle last Tuesday, and now I have tobe on crutches for six weeks.W: I'm sorry to hear that. Is there anything I can dofor you?Q: What happened to the man?4. W: Why didn't you call me last night like you weresupposed to?M: I did. Your line was busy.Q: What did the man try to do last night?5. M: Sue, would you like a sandwich or something?W: Oh, please don't bother. I can get something later.Q: What does the woman mean?6.M: This looks like the way to Susan's house, but Idon't know. I wish I'd written down thedirections.W: At this rate, we'll be lucky to get there in time for dessert.Q: What does the woman imply?7. W: So, did you pick up that orange juice for me likeyou said you would?M: I meant to, but I was short on cash. I'll be goingback later, though, after I stop by the bank, ifyou can wait that long.Q: What does the man imply he will do?8. M: That's a great dress, Cindy. I don't think I've everseen you wear it before.W: Oh, I haven't. It's just been at the back of my closet. My sister gave it to me ages ago and Ihad totally forgotten about it.Q: Why hasn’t the woman worn the dress before?9. W: Just look at this apartment, Karen. What a mess!Your stuff is all over. How does your roommate putup with it.W: I know. I haven't been doing my share this week,but I have three reports due on Friday and Ihaven't even started one of them.Q: What can be inferred about Karen?10.W: I wish we had better stuff to read for ourliterature class. That novel she assigned us is soboring.M: Really? I started it yesterday afternoon and I couldn't put it down until I finished it.Q: How does the man like the novel?11.W: Wow. You seem to be in a really good moodtoday. What's the secret?M: Don't know. I guess some mornings you wake up feeling great, some mornings you don't.Q: What does the man mean?12.W: If you're planning to take the train when youleave next Friday, remember that I drive rightpast the station on my way home from campus.M: Say, I think I'll take you up on that.Q: What will the man probably do next Friday?13.M: I need to ask John about the Chemistryassignment for tomorrow, but his phone hasbeen busy for the last hour and a half. Whocould he be talking to for so long?W: It may not be him, you know. It could be one ofhis housemates. Why don't you just go overthere if it's important?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?14.W: Jim, I don't know if you know this, but I'vedecided to run for class president, and I waswondering if I ... , if I could count on your vote.M: Oh. Maybe if you'd asked me sooner but my roommate is running too, and I've alreadypromised him my support.Q: What will the man probably do?15.M: I might argue with some of the details, but Ibasically agree with this author's thesis aboutmanaging the economy.W: Sure, it sounds great in theory. My concern iswhether it applies in practice.Q: What is the woman’implication?PART BPassage I:Beijing’s HutongsA hutong is an ancient city alley typical of Beijing. Surrounding the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. In the prime of these dynasties the emperors, in order to establish supreme power for themselves, planned thecity and arranged the residential areas according to the etiquette systems of the Zhou Dynasty. The centerof the city of Beijing was the royal palace -- the Forbidden City. One kind of hutong, usually referred toas the regular hutong, was near the palace to the eastand west and arranged in orderly fashion along the streets. Most of the residents of these hutongs were imperial kinsmen and aristocrats. Another kind, the simple and crude hutong, was mostly located far to the north and south of the palace.The main buildings in the hutong were almost all quadrangles--a building complex formed by four houses around a quadrangular courtyard. The quadrangles varied in size and design according to thesocial status of the residents. The big quadrangles ofhigh-ranking officials and wealthy merchants were specially built with roof beams and pillars all beautifully carved and painted, each with a front yardand back yard. However, the ordinary people's quadrangles were simply built with small gates and low houses. Hutongs, in fact, are passageways formedby many closely arranged quadrangles of differentsizes. The specially built quadrangles all face south for better lighting; as a result, a lot of hutongs run from east to west. Between the big butongs many small ones go north and south for convenient passage.In recent years, the houses in many hutongs havebeen pulled down and replaced by modern buildings.Many hutong dwellers have moved to new housing. Inthe urban district of Beijing today, houses along hutongs still occupy one third of the total area. The hutong today is fading into the shade for both touristsand inhabitants.I1. How did the emperors plan the city and arrange theresidential areas?2. Who lived near the palace to the east and west?3.Where were simple and crude hutongs mostly located?4.What do you know about the ordinary people's quadrangles?5. What is the percentage of the houses along hutongsin the urban district of Beijing today?II1.(T) Many hutongs surrounding the Forbidden Citywere built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.2. (F) A Hutong is a building complex formed by fourhouses around a quadrangular courtyard.3. (T) The specially built quadrangles of high rankingofficials and wealthy merchants all faced southfor better lighting.4. (T) Small hutongs between big ones go north andsouth for convenient passage.5. (F) The hutong today is only reserved for tourists.Passage II:The White Wedding DressMost American brides choose to be married in white. The color has long been associated with wedding because of its supposed symbolic link to virginity. Viewed historically, the link between white and virginity is not as absolute as is often supposed.Brides in ancient Rome married in white, but becausethe color signified joy. They were veiled in a brightorange veil, which suggested the flames of passion. Inthe western Catholic tradition, too, white has always been the color of joy. In some other societies, white isused to denote the significance of various ceremonies,among them funerals as well as weddings. For example, among the Andaman Islanders, white indicates simply a change of status; and for the traditional Chinese it is a symbolic representation of hope in funerals. Chinese brides usually wear a red dress in the wedding ceremony.The "traditional" white wedding dress, moreover,is a recent innovation. It did not become popular untilabout the early 19th century. Its popularity may be due less to its association with virginity than to showing off one's privilege. Most Victorian brides wore traditional national costumes. The white dress, an impractical innovation, became popular among the upper classes precisely because of its defects: Victorian brides from privileged backgrounds wore white to indicate that they were rich enough to wear adress for one day only. Later, the white wedding dressalso became popular among brides from somewhatless privileged backgrounds, but till the first part of the20th century they would put on their white dress onspecial occasions throughout the first year of their marriage. The custom of locking it away after the wedding is less than a hundred years old.I1.What is "white" often supposed to be associated with?2. What does "white" indicate in the western Catholic tradition?3.When did the white wedding dress become popular?4. Why was the white wedding dress popular amongthe upper class people?5.When did the custom begin of locking the whitewedding dress away after the wedding?II1. (T) Most American brides choose to be married inwhite.2. (F) Brides in ancient Rome married in white becausethe color signified hope.3.(T) For the traditional Chinese "white" is a symbolicrepresentation of hope in funerals.4. (F) Most Victorian brides wore a white weddingdress during their wedding ceremonies.5.(T) The white wedding dress has now becomepopular among ordinary people.Passage III:Customary Behavior for GuestsPresents if you're invited to someone's home for a meal it is customary to take some flowers or a box of chocolates. It is not customary to take a bottleof wine unless you know your host well. Although chocolates and flowers are quite acceptable it would be very nice if you could take something from your country. It is different if you are invited to a party, andit also depends on what kind of party it is. Many parties these days are "bring a bottle" parties.Dress If you aren't sure what you should wear then ask your host or your friends. Usually dress is informal in Britain for parties and for invitations to dinner in people's homes. If you are going to an expensive restaurant the men may have to wear ajacket and tie, jeans wouldn't be allowed.Punctuality If you are invited to dinner at someone's home you shouldn't arrive earlier than thetime given and you shouldn't arrive more than 15 minutes late. If you are going to be late telephone andlet your host know so that the meal can be delayed. Dinner is usually served between 8 pm and 9 pm. Veryoften guests are invited to arrive earlier than this so that they can have a drink and be introduced to the other guests.PART D1) enter politics, 2) a vision, 3) attractive, 4) our sense of shame, 5) appalled, 6) violent crime, 7) reestablish, 8) a sense of family, 9)African-American soldier, 10) Are you afraid?", 11) with my family, 12) take care of, 13)touch me, 14)as a nation, 15)as a family, 16) sharing with each other, 17)the can-do attitude, 18) risk failing, 19)who has received so much, 20)our American journey。
全新版 大学英语 听说教程 第三册 听力原文Tapescripts of Unit 12
Unit 12Part BText 1The Launching of the EuroAs firework displays ushered in the euro from Paris to Athens, Rome to Madrid, curiosity drove Europeans to cash machines at midnight December 31, 2001 for the first look at the brightly colored new notes. More than 300 million Europeans began changing their old currencies for the euro in the most ambitious currency changeover in history. To prepare for the large demand, banks across the euro zone disabled 200,000 A TMs in the afternoon, changing software and loading them with euro notes. Altogether 15 billion banknotes and 52 billion coins -- worth 646 billion euros, or $568 billion -- have been produced for the switchover.Knowing how people can be attached to their national currencies, architects of the euro expressed hope that it will help realize dreams of a united Europe.Across the continent, officials welcomed the euro as a sign of economic stability -- a new symbol to bind 12 nations on a continent at the heart of two world wars."We will become a greater Europe with the euro," EU Commission President said in Vienna, shortly after he used the new currency to buy flowers for his wife. "We shall become stronger, wealthier."His view was shared by Helmut Kohl, the former German chancellor, who with the late French leader Francois Mitterrand had championed the single currency to bring peace and security to Europe. Kohl wrote in a newspaper, "A vision is becoming a reality. For me, the common currency in Europe fulfills a dream. It means there is no turning back from the path toward unification of our continent."The nations adopting the euro are: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Those staying out are Britain, Sweden and Denmark.Questions:1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can be said about the passage?3. What can be inferred from the passage?Text 2Britain's Reaction to the Single CurrencyBuckingham Palace and other royal residences open to the public do not accept euros at theirgift shops and entry turnstiles.The new currency was launched in 12 European Union countries on January lst, 2002, but Britain was not one of them.A Buckingham Palace spokeswoman said the decision not to accept the euro was purely a business one and not a political statement. The retail outlets at the official residences have never accepted any other currencies. It is simply because as very small retail outlets, they don't have the facilities for changing currencies.However, many retail outlets in Britain have prepared to accept the new currency since millions of tourists are expected to visit the country every year. In 2002 alone, visitors from the euro zone were estimated to spend more than 6.55 billion euros in Britain.Major department stores Debenhams and Marks & Spencer and a big electronics retailer accept euros, but only on a limited basis initially.Twenty-nine of Marks & Spencer stores, primarily those in tourist locations, have at least one cash register on each floor to process euro transactions. Its other stores have at least one designated area -- either a register or a customer service desk-where the currency is accepted. Products are not priced in euros, however, and change is given in British money.The British prime minister Tony Blair said Britain will only join the single currency if economic conditions are right. A series of recent opinion polls show many Britons oppose the euro and see it as against Britain's sovereignty.Questions:1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can we infer from the passage?3. What is the speaker's attitude toward Britain's decision not to join the single currency?Part CWithdrawing MoneyTeller: Hi. Can I help you?Peter: Hi. I've, uh, just opened a checking account and I want to withdraw 150 euros. What I want to know is, who do I make the check out to?Teller: Well, since the money is for you yourself, you make it out to cash.Peter: OK. W... how do I do that?Teller: Y ou just write the word 'cash' on this line.Peter: This line here?Teller: Y es, next to 'pay to the order of'.Peter: OK. C-A-S-H. Now, I want to make this 150 euros. There, how's this?Teller: Well, you've written the amount in numbers, but you have to write it out in words, too. That goes on the second line, there.Peter: Oh, yeah.Teller: By the way, it's a good idea to draw a line from the end of the amount to the word 'euros' sonobody can change the amount.Peter: Oh, thanks. Well, that should do it. Here you go.Teller: Y ou forgot to sign your name. There, in the bottom right corner.Peter: Woops, sorry. Here you go.Teller: The date.Peter: W... huh?Teller: The date -- you forgot it. It goes in the top right corner.Peter: Oh, right. OK, am I done?Teller: Y es. That's fifty-a hundred -- a hundred and fifty euros.Peter: Thanks a lot. Have a good day.Teller: Y ou too.Part DThe French FrancFor a century much attached to national symbols, France took the imminent death of the franc calmly. It was as if an ancient great-great uncle were about to pass away: a time for nostalgia and regret, rather than grief.Unlike the German mark, the franc had never been a symbol of national rebirth or glory. Its recent history was relatively stable but it had to be revalued as recently as 1960. In the 1950s, its value and reputation were so weak that French politicians considered abolishing it and replacing it with something else, based on the value of the pound.But money is money after all. It is with us every day. It was surprising that such a conservative people did not express greater sorrow for the loss of their familiar francs. It was also surprising they did not feel a greater sense of aesthetic loss for the franc had alw ays been one of the world's most beautiful currencies.The name franc was first used in 1360, to celebrate and help to pay for the release of King Jean II, who was captured by the still poundless English. He created the "franc" or "free" to celebrate the occasion. Over the next 400 years the name came and went but was finally restored by the Revolution in 1795. On February 17th, 2002, the French franc disappeared completely from the financial scene.Questions:1. How did the French feel for the loss of their franc?2. At what time did the French politicians think of replacing the franc with some other currency?3. Why was the French currency named "franc" when it was first used in the 14th century?4. What can be learned about the French people from the passage?重点单词及词组Part BLaunchingfirework display 焰火usher 引导,展示curiosity 好奇心ambitious 有雄心的changeover 完全改变switchover 替换,转换be attached to 附属architect 建筑师economic stability 经济稳定champion 拥护unification 统一,合一turnstile 十字转门electronics 电子学sovereignty 君主,主权transaction 办理,处理事务Part Cchecking account 经常账户in the bottom 在底部Part Dattached to 使依恋imminent 即将到来的pass away 去世nostalgia 乡愁rebirth 复活glory 荣誉,光荣conservative 保守的。
(完整word版)视听说听力原文lesson1-13
Lesson 1 NapoleonToday, I’m going to talk to you about one of the most important historical figures in European history: Napoleon Bonaparte. Let ’s start by talking about his early life. Napoleon was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. Napoleon was not a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old,he joined the French army. In that year 1785,he began the military career that would bring himfame ,power,riches and finally defeat. Napoleon became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Napoleon had many victories on the battlefield but he also became involved in French law and politics. And in 1804, at the age of 35,he became the first emperor of the France.Napoleon was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N.won many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but some countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat —“his end”came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone – deserted by his family and friends in 1821. Napoleon was only 51 years old when he died.=========================================================== Lesson 2 PompeiiThe lecture for this class is about the city of Pompeii. A natural disaster occurred there almost 2000 years ago.Today many rich people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Beijing, Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat.2,000 years ago, wealthy Romans did the same thing.They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii, a beautiful city, located on the Bay of Naples.In the summer of the year 79 C.E., a young Roman boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. What Pliny saw was the eruption of the volcano called Mount Vesuvius.Rock and ash flew through the air. The city of P . was at the foot of Mt. V.. When the volcano first erupted, manypeople were able to get out of the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash.The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P . was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P . was forgotten for almost 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered a part of a wall of the ancient city of P.. Soon archaeologists began to dig in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists come from all over the world to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.===========================================================Lesson 4 Roller CoasterLet's talk about the physics involved in a ride on a roller coaster. I'm sure many of you have taken a ride on a roller coaster. A simple roller coaster consists of a frame with a track on it. The track is very much like a train track, this track goes over a series of hills and around curves. It follows a path that ends at the same place it started. A trainof cars travels around on this track, very fast. The cars have two sets of wheels. One set of wheels rolls on top of the track, and the others set of wheels rolls below the track. The wheels below the track keep the fast moving cars from coming off the track, roller coaster cars as you probably know don't have any motors or engines. Instead, a chain pulls the cars up the first, tallest and steepy staff hill, this is how the ride begins. Then, at the top of the hill the chain comes off the cars and gravity takes over. gravity pushes the cars down the other side of the hill. the taller and steeper the first hill is, the faster the ride will be. And the farther the cars will travel. as the cars rolled downhill they gained speed. the cars have enough speed and energy to send them up the next hill. as the cars near the top of the second hill they begin to slow down. but then, the cars reached the top of that hill, and start down the other side. gravity again pushes them toward the ground. this process repeats on each hale. Okay, so let's go over this process again. first, the cars are pulled by a chain up the first highest hill. then they go down a very steep slope, at this point, there is enough energy to pull the cars up and over the next hill. when they reached the bottom of that hill, there is enough energy to climb the next hill, the roller coaster cars lose energy as the ride continues. so, the hills have to be smaller toward the end of the track, finally we roll to a stop on ground level right where we began.======================================================== Lesson 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, and that is: How children develop their first language.What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability? Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are born,even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of a baby in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babiesbegin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say ―baba‖for the word ―bottle‖or ―kiki‖for ―cat.‖In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begin to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says ―juice,‖to his father, the baby seems to be saying, ―I want more juice, Daddy‖or ―May I have more juice, Daddy?‖This word ―juice‖is really a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called ―telegraphic‖speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like ―Daddy, up‖which actually could mean ―Daddy, pick me up, please.‖Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as ―I walked home‖and ―I kissed Mommy.‖They also begin toovergeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often say such thins as ―I goed to bed‖instead of ―I went to bed,‖or ―I eated ice cream‖instead of ―I ate ice cream.‖In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as ―walk‖and ―kiss,‖but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like ―eat‖are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life? Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word? Was it ―mama‖or maybe ―papa‖? Now think also about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was ―mama.‖Now, think about some of the similarities anddifferences involved in the processes of child and adult language learning. We’ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.===========================================================Lesson 7 RobotsWhen people think about a robot,they often picture a machine that look s something like a human being.However,that’s not always the case.Mo st robots do not look much like a human being at all,they look like machi nes because that’s what most of them are-industrial machines.Today,I’m going to talk mostly about industrial robots used in industry. These are robots that do work that for humans would be physically dema nding,repetitive,dangerous or very boring.Most industrial robots work on in an assembly line in a factory.For example,a robot might put liz on j ars of fruits or start boxesfor shaping.In a car factory,robotic arms on an assembly line join the parts of a car together;other robots tighten the b oats on the car’s wheelsor paint the car.There are thousands of robots p utting cars together in___plan.These robots are very precise when repe ating a task.For example,they always tighten boats with the same exact amount of force.They always move a heavy engine to exactly where it should be and they always put ahold in the exact same place in every car d oor hour after hour.These are examples of robots doing the work human s could do but the robots are doing the work more efficiently and precise ly.So,just how do robots work?To do its job a robot first needs a control s ystem.This control system directs the robots mechanical parts.The contr ol system of a robot is sort of speak--a robot brain.So how does a robot learn which action to do first and whi ch of its moving part needs to do that action?A robot learns its job with the help and guidance of a human being.To teach an industrial robot to do something,first a person must use a hand-held computer.The computer is used to guide the robot’s arm and hand through the motions it needs to do.Then,the robot stores exact movem ent in its computer memory.The robot has sensors to gather information ,so now the robot will use its sensors to direct its actions.The robot tells its moving part what to do and then it performs the action.For example, to pick up and move a box,the robot first finds the box,next it decides t he weight of the box.Then it decides how much force is needed to lift an d move the box,and finally,it finds the correct place to put the box dow n.It repeats the process over and over until it's turned off.It does the sa me job until it is given the job and new program to follow.Some scientists think that robots of the future will be smarter than today's robots.They may also look more human like or even animal like.In fact,they may wo rk and think more like humans do.The industrial robots we've been talki ng about so far today are automatic robots.They are known as automatic robots because they have program to follo w a specific series of ually,they have parts that move but t hey really don't travel around.On the other hand,an autonomous machi ne can change itsbehavior in relation to its surroundings.For example,an autonomous robot with wheelsor legs to move around can change direc tion when it senses that there are something in its way.A robot such as …can detect the movement of people nearby.It can move to avoid bump ing into ing toward it.Asthma can even learn to dance by followi ng the movements of a dancer next to it.I don't know whether or when people would welcome autonomousmachines or human like robots.I gu ess that we will not only think about that in the future.We need to think about how we will interact with our global doctor:robal teacher,robal p et,or even our robal friend.===========================================================Lesson 8 A Tidal WaveA tidal wave is a very large and very destructive wall of water that rushesin from the ocean towards the shore. Many scientists call these waves tsunami. In Japanese tsunami means “storm wave.” But do you know that tidal are not caused by storms and that they are not true tidal at all? A true tidal is the regular rise a waves and fall of ocean waters, at definite times each day, but a tidal wave comes rushing in suddenly and unexpectedly. A tidal wave is caused by an underwater earthquake. The word “seaquake” is made up of two words, the word “sea” which means “ocean” and the word “quake”. “To quake” means “to shake” or “to tremble.” When a seaquake takes place at the bottom of the ocean, the ocean floor shakes and trembles, and sometimes the ocean floor shifts. It is this shaking that produces the tidal wave. The tidal wave begins to move across the sea at great speed.Tidal waves have taken many human lives in the past. Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. They use a seismograph to do this.A seismograph is an instrument that records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of an earthquake or seaquake. It is not possible to hold back a tidal wave, but it is possible to warn people that a tidal wave is coming. This warning can save many lives.===========================================================Lesson 9 Levels of LanguageToday I want to talk about levels of language usage. You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general, broad categories, or levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. I’m not talking about correct and incorrect English. What I’m talking about are two levels of correct English. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books such as encyclopedias, and in business letters. For example, a letter to a university would be in formal style. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. People usually use formal English when they give classroom lectures or speeches and at ceremonies such as graduations. We also tend to use formal language in conversations with persons we don’t know well or with people we have a formal relationship with, such as professors, bosses, doctors, friends of our parents’, strangers, etc. Informal language is used in conversations with colleagues, family and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends, as well as in diaries, etc. Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. However, today I’m going to talk only about a couple of ways. First of all, formal language tends to be more polite. Interestingly, it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or familymember, "Close the door, please", but to a stranger or someone in authority I probably would say "Would you mind closing the door" or "Excuse me, could you please close the door" Using words like "could" and "would" makes my request sound more polite, but also more formal. Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let me give you a couple of examples of what I mean. Let’s say "I’m just crazy about soccer!" But if I were talking to my supervisor or a friend of my parents’, I would probably say "I really enjoy soccer" or "I like soccer very much". Let’s say I’m telling someone some news I heard about the police arresting a criminal. To my friend I might say "The cops bagged the crook". To my parents’ friend I might say "The police arrested the thief".Although the line between formal and informal language is not always clear and although people are probably less formal today than in the past, it is useful to be aware that these two levels, or categories, do exist. The best way for a non-native speaker of English to learn the difference is to observe the different ways English speakers speak or write in different situations. Television newscasters, your college professors in class, your doctors in their offices, etc, will usually speak rather formally. However, your classmates, teammates, family members, friends, etc. will generally speak in an informal fashion. The difference can be learned over time byobserving and interacting with native speakers.===========================================================Lesson 10 Power: The Kinds People Use and Abuse John Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each of these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the mosteffective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have information. Having information increases a person’s own sense of power. People who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracy of the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example ofthe use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with U.S. government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved away from the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop.The guard’s uniform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about something, such as computers. Most people are impressed by the skills or knowledge of an expert. Some of these “experts” use their skills at playing sports or knowing about computers to gain power and influence ―and t o gain money or admiration, according to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Finally, reward or coercive power is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person’s actions or behavior. Giving a reward will change people’s behavior because it offers people a chance for gain. Giving a punishment may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful person wants them to do, but the changes may not last for a long time. The person who uses coercive power may also have to carefully watch thatthe less powerful person does, in fact, change his or her actions or behavior.To sum up, then, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to identify with or to imitate; it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skills or expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people. We all exercise one or more of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one or more of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.==================================================Lesson11 Asian and African Elephants:Similarities and Diff erencesThe African and the Asian elephants are the largest land animals in the w orld.They are really enormous animals.The African and the Asian elepha nts are alike,or similar,in many ways,but there are differences between the2types of elephants,too.What are some of the similarities between the African and the Asian ele phant?Well,for one thing,both animals have long noses,called trunks. An elephant sometimes uses its trunk like a third hand.Both kinds of ele phants use their trunks to pick up very small objects and very large,heavy objects.They can even pick up trees with their trunks.For another thin g,both the African and the Asian elephants have very large ears,althoug h the African elephant’s ears are considerably larger.In addition,both animals are intelligent.They can be trained to do heavy work.They can also be trained to do tricks to entertain people.In other words,they both work for people,and they entertain people also.As I said before,the African and Asian elephants are alike in many ways, but they are also quite different,too.Let me explain what I mean.The Af rican elephant is larger and heavier than the Asian n eleph ants reach a height of about 10 feet, and African elephants reach about 13 feet tall.The African male elephant weighs between12,000and14,000pounds.I n contrast,the average Asian male elephant weighs between7,000and1 2,000pounds.So one is bigger than the other, but as you can see,both are still enormous animals.Another difference between the2kinds of elephants is the size of the ea n elephants have smaller ears than African elephants.The Africa n elephant has2very large teeth.These teeth are called tusks.The Asian elephanthowever sometimes does not have any tusks at all.The elephants differ i n color,too.The African elephant is dark gray in color while the Asian ele phant is light gray.Occasionally an Asian elephant is even white!The lastbig difference between the2 typesof elephants is their temperament.The Asian elephant is tamer than the African elephant, orin another way,the African elephant is much wilder than the Asian eleph ant.As a result,it’s more difficult to train the African elephant to perfor m tricks to entertain people.That’s why the elephants you see in the circ us are probably Asian elephants and not African elephants.Yes,there certainly are differences between the African and the Asian el ephants,but as I mention at the start of mytall,there is one big similarity between the2animals:they are both fasci nating and enormous animals.===========================================================Lesson 13 Lincoln and KennedyJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln lived in different times and had very different family and educational backgrounds. K ennedy lived in the 20th century; Lincoln lived in the 19th cen tury. Kennedy was born in 1917, whereas Lincoln was born m ore than a hundred years earlier, in 1809. As for their family b ackgrounds, Kennedy came from a rich family, but Lincoln’s f amily was not wealthy. Because Kennedy came from a wealthy family, he was able to attend expensive private schools. He graduated from Harvard University. Lincoln, on the other hand, had only one year of formal schooling. In spite of his lack of f ormal schooling, he became a well-known lawyer. He taught himself law by reading law books. Li ncoln was, in other words, a self-educated man.In spite of these differences in Kennedy and Lincoln’s backgr ounds, some interesting similarities between the 2 men are ev ident. In fact, books have been written about the strange coin cidences in the lives of these 2 men. Take forexample ,their political careers. Lincoln began his political car eer in congress. Similarly, Kennedy also began his political car eer in congress. Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Repr esentatives in 1847, and Kennedy was elected to the House in 1947. So they were elected to congress exactly 100 years apart. Another interesting coincidence is that each man was e lected president of the United States in a year ending with the number 60. Lincoln was elected president in 1860, and Kenne dy was elected in 1960; furthermore, both men were presiden t during years of civil unrest in the country. Lincoln was presid ent during the American Civil War. At the time Kennedy became president,African-Americans were fighting for theircivil rights ,unrest took the form of civil rights demonstrations.Times change and it’s just over 15 more years,the United States elected its first African-American president Barack Obama. President Obama was elected in 2008 and…,but let me get back to talk about Lincoln and Kennedy.Another striking similarity between these 2 men was that, as y ou probably know, neither president lived to complete his ter m in office. Lincoln and Kennedy were both assassinated whil e in office. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 inDallas, Texas, after only 1,000 days in office. Lincoln was assas sinated in 1865 a few days after the end of the American Civil War. It’s rather curious to note that both presidents were sh ot while they were sitting next to their wives.These are only a few examples of the unusual similarities in th e destinies of these 2 Americans – men who had a tremendou s impact on the social and political life in the United States an d the imagination of the American people.。
初级英语听力lesson12
People think that all solicitors are rich and prosperous. In any town there are, of course, rich and prosperous solicitors, but there are also solicitors like me. I am neither rich nor prosperous. I have an office over a fish and chip shop, for which I pay an exorbitant rent, and two rather inefficient secretaries. I suppose it is because my premises are in the less fashionable part of the town, but my clients always seem to have enormous problems and miserable incomes. Mr. Pollard was exactly that sort of client. He was a small, untidy little man, with a large head and round, old-fashioned spectacles. "I have a problem," he began nervously, "I bought this house, you see. I got a mortgage from the building society, but then I lost my job, so I got behind with the payments." He gave me the details. It appeared that he owed eleven payments of fifty pounds, and had no job and no money. Not surprisingly the building society had written to say they intended to take possession of the house; sell it, and thus get back their money. "What would happen if they sold it for less than I paid?" he asked. "Would I get back any money?" "Probably not," I replied. "Would you mind telephoning the building society?" he pleaded, "and see if they could possibly give me a little more time?" "If you're not earning any money, how will more time help?" I asked. He looked at me hopelessly. In the end the house was sold. The building society debt was paid off and Mr. Pollard got sixty pounds. Everybody agrees I'm just ordinary. My face is ordinary, my voice is ordinary, my clothes are ordinary. Everything about me is ordinary. 'What's Frank like?' they say. 'Frank? Oh—you know, ordinary.' they say. Now look at that man two rows in front. He's not ordinary. In fact I can't see anybody apart from me who is. Even this fellow next to me. Quite ordinary on the whole, I suppose. But there's something a bit ... something a bit odd about his mouth. Mustn't catch his eye. Might start a conversation. Don't want that. Interesting that he was just in front of me in the queue. They looked in his bag, they looked in his pockets—made him take his shoes off even. Mm—they've nearly finished with the food—though she didn't take my glass when she collected my tray. Ah—she's pressed her button again. Probably wants another gin and tonic. Had four already. Or is it five? Not bad, though. At least not in this light. Good—some of them are getting their blankets down now. I reckon that in about half an hour it'll all be quiet. And then ... Of course they looked in my briefcase too. Didn't look here, though, did they? Oh, no. Hah! Though they think otherwise, I know very well who those two in the back row are. Noticed them when I went to the toilet. But they won't shoot. Not as long as I have this in my hand, they won't. And it's so small. Marvellous what they can do these days. Just about now, if I were sitting in funny mouth's seat and not by the aisle—just about now, I could probably look down and see the mountains gleaming in the moonlight. I like that. Mm. Well, now I must go over my speech again. Mustn't forget what my demands are, must I? Well, I think that this problem of teenagers getting into trouble with the law is mainly caused by unemployment. You see, because of the high level of unemployment, so many teenagers nowadays leave school and find that they have no chance of getting a job, and this obviously makes them feel bored and frustrated. And as a result of this, they're much more likely to get drunk and so on. Another thing of course is that you get groups of unemployed teenagers wandering around the streets with nothing to do, which can easily lead to trouble of one sort or another.1. At the third stroke, the time sponsored by Accurist will be twelve one and fifty seconds.2. The code for Didcot has been changed. Please dial 05938 and then the number.3. In the train crash in India, three hundred and twenty-five people are feared dead.4. The 3.45 at Ascot was won by Golden Dove, ridden by Willie Carson.5. Well, um, for a trip like that, we are speaking in the region of, er, two thousand eight hundred pounds a head.6. Er, Celtic three, Manchester City nil, Queen's Park Rangers two, Motherwell United one.7. In New York, the Dow Jones Index fell by point four to a low of two oh six four point eight. While in London, the FT Index rose eight points to one seven nine four point three.8. That'll be sixty-eight p, please.9. The, er, latest figures show an increased profit of seventy-eight thousand, nine hundred and fifty-six pounds. 10. And how can we continue like this with unemployment running at three million, two hundred and fifty thousand. It really is unaccept ... 11. Yes, we can give you a special rate of, er, five point six eight per cent. 12. We'll have to adjust all our figures by an eighth. 13. Well, that's your choice. Eleven pounds forty-five for this one, fourteen pounds, or fifteen pounds ninety-nine. 14. So, it's two thousand three hundred and ninety-eight plus two thousand four hundred and eighty-nine plus two thousand four hundred and sixty three. I'll just total that up for you. Woman: So, you'll take the cream at three pounds five, the pills are four pounds thirty and then, um, this if fifty-five p. That's seven pounds ninety-five. Man: Sorry. I think perhaps it's seven pounds ninety. Woman: Is ten pounds all right? Man: Yeah, that's fine. It comes to six pounds thirty-five. Your change. Woman: Thanks. Man: Can I help you, sir? Woman: Oh, just a minute, I think you've given ... Man: Oh, I am sorry. Of course. Here you are. Well, we met at a party in London. You see, I'd just moved to London because of my job and I didn't really know anybody, and one of the people at work had invited me to this party and so there I was. But it was one of those boring parties, you know everybody was just sitting in small groups talking to people they knew already, and I was feeling really bored with the whole thing. And then I noticed this rather attractive girl sitting at the edge of one of the groups, and she was looking bored too, just about as bored as I was. And so we started, um, we started looking at each other, and then I went across and we started talking. And as it turned out she'd only just arrived in London herself so we had quite a bit in common —and well that's how it all started really.—What's the matter with you, then? You look miserable. —It's us. —What do you mean "us"? —Well, we used to talk to each other before we were married. Remember? —What do you mean? We're talking now, aren't we? —Oh, yes, but we used to do so much together. —We still go to the cinema together, don't we? —Yes, but we used to go out for walks together. Remember? —Oh, I can remember. It's getting wet in the rain. —And we used to do silly things, like running bare foot through the park. —Yes. I remember. I used to catch terrible colds. Honestly, you are being totally ridiculous. —But we never used to argue. You used to think I was wonderful. Once ... (sound of the door opening) Where are you going? —Back to live with my parents. That's something else we used to do before we were married. Remember? Not long ago I was invited out to dinnerby a girl called Sally. I had only met Sally twice, and she was very, very beautiful. I was flattered. "She likes me," I thought. But I was in for a disappointment. "I'm so sorry we asked you at such short notice," she said when I arrived, "but we suddenly realised there were going to be thirteen people at the table, so we just had to find somebody else." A superstition. Thirteen. The unlucky number. Recently I came upon a little group of worried people, gathered round a man lying on the pavement beside a busy London road. They were waiting for an ambulance, because the man had been knocked down by a passing taxi. Apparently he had stepped off the pavement and into the street, to avoid walking under a ladder. They say this superstition goes back to the days when the gallows were built on a platform. To get up on to the platform you had to climb a ladder. To pass under the shadow of that ladder was very unlucky ... Other superstitions are not so easily explained. To see a black cat in England is lucky. But if you see a black cat in India, it is considered very unlucky. There too, if you are about to set out on a long journey, and someone sneezes, you shouldn't go. Break a mirror—you will have seven years' bad luck. Find a four-leafed clover, you will have good luck. Just crazy superstitions, of course. I have an African friend. One day he said to me: "If ever an African says to you that he is not superstitious, that man is a liar." Perhaps that is true of all of us. This is Lethbridge's d e s c r i p t i o n o f a g h o s t n e a r H o l e H o u s e . O n e o f t h e f i r s t i n c i d e n t s h a p p e n e d n e a r t o o u r h o m e i n D e v o n . O n e S u n d a y m o r n i n g m y w i f e a n d I w e r e s t a n d i n g o n t h e h i l l a n d l o o k i n g a t H o l e M i l l , w h i c h b e l o n g s t o M r s . N . I s a t d o w n a n d a d m i r e d t h e v i e w . A f t e r a t i m e I h e a r d a m o t o r b i c y c l e s t a r t u p a n d I s a w t h e p a p e r m a n r i d i n g o f f a n d , a s I w a t c h e d , I s a w M r s . N c o m e o u t f r o m b e h i n d t h e M i l l . S h e w a s d r e s s e d i n a b r i g h t b l u e s w e a t e r a n d h a d o n d a r k b l u e t a r t a n t r o u s e r s a n d a s c a r f o v e r h e r h e a d . S h e l o o k e d u p , s a w m e a n d w a v e d . I w a v e d b a c k . A t t h i s m o m e n t a s e c o n d f i g u r e a p p e a r e d b e h i n d M r s . N a n d p e r h a p s a m e t e r f r o m h e r . S h e s t o o d l o o k i n g u p a t m e . M r s . N w e n t b a c k b e h i n d t h e M i l l a n d t h e o t h e r w o m a n f o l l o w e d . I d i d n o t k n o w h e r . S h e l o o k e d a b o u t s i x t y - f i v e t o s e v e n t y y e a r s o l d , w a s t a l l e r t h a n M r s . N a n d r a t h e r t h i n . H e r f a c e a p p e a r e d t o b e t a n n e d a n d s h e h a d a p o i n t e d c h i n . S h e w a s d r e s s e d i n a d a r k t w e e d c o a t a n d s k i r t a n d h a d s o m e t h i n g w h i c h l o o k e d l i k e a l i g h t g r e y c a r d i g a n b e n e a t h h e r c o a t . H e r s k i r t w a s l o n g . S h e h a d a f l a t - c r o w n e d a n d w i d e - b r i m m e d r o u n d h a t o n h e r h e a d . T h e h a t w a s b l a c k a n d h a d w h i t e f l o w e r s a r o u n d i t . S h e w a s , i n f a c t , d r e s s e d a s m y a u n t s u s e d t o d r e s s b e f o r e t h e F i r s t W o r l d W a r . S h e d i d n ' t l o o k l i k e t h e s o r t o f p e r s o n w h o w a s l i k e l y t o b e s t a y i n g a t H o l e M i l l t o d a y . L a t e r w e w e r e l e a n i n g o v e r a g a t e , a d m i r i n g s o m e c a l v e s , w h e n w e s a w M r s . N a l o n e . ' O h , ' s a i d m y w i f e , d i s a p p o i n t e d . ' W e w e r e e x p e c t i n g t o s e e t w o o f y o u . ' ' H o w i s t h a t ? ' a s k e d M r s . N . ' I h a v e o n l y s e e n y o u a n d t h e p a p e r m a n a l l m o r n i n g . ' / p > p b d s f i d = " 8 2 " > / p >。
通用工程英语视听说教程下Unit 12 vocabulary
Unit 12 VocabularySection A1.working range 工作范围2.prerequisite n. 先决条件3.provision n. 条款4.leakage n. 泄露5.quotation n. 报价6.technical personnel 技术人员7.review v. 复审8.strive v. 努力9.unit price 单价10.total price 总价11.overtime n. 加班费用12.payment conditions 付款条件13.contract duration 工期14.price flexibility 价格弹性15.clause n. 条款16.devaluation n. 货币贬值17.currency n. 货币18.make judgments on 对……做出判断19.contract period 合同有效期modity n. 商品21.cement n. 水泥22.project time 项目时间23.specified a. 指定的；规定的24.default n. 违约pletion of schedule 完成进度26.terms of contract 合同条款27.construction drawing 施工图28.deliver v. 交付29.acceptance n. 验收30.subjectively ad. 主观地31.objectively ad. 客观地32.modify v. 修改33.design content 设计内容34.confirm v. 确认35.approval n. 认可36.time limit 期限37.exceed v. 超过38.extend v. 延长39.stipulate v. 规定40.valid a. 有效的41.terminate v. 终止；结束42.maintenance period 保修期43.inspection and acceptance 验收44.acceptance range 验收范围45.concealed project 隐蔽工程46.acceptance certificate of completion 竣工验收证明书Section BConversation 11.timed a. 有时限的2.problematic a. 有问题的3.civil works 土建工程4.breakdown n. 分类5.telecommunication n. 通讯6.oncost n. （原材料及人工费用以外的）间接成本7.offsite n. 装置外；厂区外8.mobilize v. 调动；集合9.idle v.闲置10.concrete n. 混凝土11.consumable a. 损耗的；消耗的12.reinforcement n. 钢筋13.formwork n. 模板14.technology transfer 技术转让15.implementation n. 实施；实现16.quality assurance 质量保证prehensive a. 综合的；全面的18.tax provision 税收条款19.business tax 营业税20.profit tax 所得税21.camp cost 营地建设费22.concerning prep. 关于23.extinguish v. 熄灭24.drainage n. 排水；排污25.accommodation n. 膳宿26.prestressing works 预应力工程27.cladding n. 电镀28.roofing n. 盖顶29.HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) 供热通风与空气调节30.lump a. 总共的31.rebar n. （螺纹）钢筋32.BQQ (Bill of Quantity) 工程量清单33.draft n. 草稿Conversation 21.joint venture 联合经营；短期合营2.in detail 详细地3.headquarters n. 总部4.as a general practice 作为惯例5.configure v.配置6.if any 如果有的话7.liability n. 债务；责任8.in proportion to 与……成比例Conversation 31.installation n. 安装2.generating unit 发电机组3.take over 接管；接手4.timetable n. 时间表5.diagram n. 图表6.maintenance manual 维护手册7.deem v. 认为8.substantially ad. 大体上；实质上be substantially completed 实质性竣工9.surface recovery 表面恢复10.phase n. 阶段Section C1.adhere v. 坚持；遵守2.feint n. (法语)假装promise n. 妥协4.stall v. 暂停5.consultation n. 咨询6.countermeasure n. 对策7.concession n. 让步make concessions on 对……让步8.take the initiative 采取主动9.bargain v. 议价10.reach an agreement 达成一致。
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Video Track 2-12-1
VIEWING
SECOND VIEWING
v Watch the video again. Listen for the missing words and write them in the blanks.
SCRIPT
Video Track 2-12-1
8. I think one of the most inspirational parts about photography is that you’re never droanllye.
VIEWING
THIRD VIEWING
v Complete these notes as you watch the video. Write only important words, not full sentences, and abbreviate common words.
Pros
Cons
BEFORE VIEWING
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
Proper Names
Antarctica 南极洲
Words and Phrases
have no problem doing sth. 做某 事没难度 pretty much 基本上，差不多 caption n. 标题，说明文字 artistically adv. 在艺术方面
4. Experienced travelers know that it is important to abide by the customs of the culture you are visiting.
5. You can immerse yourself in another culture, even if you can’t speak the language.
6. When photographs are compelling and inspirational, it makes people want to read the stories that accompany them.
VIEWING
FIRST VIEWING
v Watch the video, and then compare your first impressions with a partner. Talk about what you remember, what surprised you, and what interested you.
AFTER VIEWING
DISCUSSION
n Discuss the following questions with a classmate or in a small group.
1. In what ways is a photographer a type of anthropologist?
7. In fact, it’s kind of spoiled regular travel for me because the camera has always given me an opportunity to walk urpaltloy people and spend time with them and even go hroamlley with them.
LESБайду номын сангаасON
12
VIDEO I
The Gift of Traveling
VIDEO II
Palenque
LESSON
12
VIDEO I
The Gift of Traveling
BEFORE VIEWING
VIEWING
AFTER VIEWING
BEFORE VIEWING
TOPIC PREVIEW
SCRIPT
Video Track 2-12-1
5. And so the real challenge for a photographer is to bring her or his own unique virsailolyn to that subject matter.
6. And in the case of the work that I do on assignmraelnlyt, it’s primarily telling a story that is compelling enough—where you know the photograph is compelling enough to get people interested in reading the captrioalnlys or what’s going on. And hopefully that will lead them rinaltloya more in-depth written piece.
culture stories
kids travelers
photographers unusual
1. Annie’s children travel with her to foreign countries and spend a lot of time hanging out with kids from other cultures.
4. They pretty much can sert up caamllpy anywhere.
VIEWING
SECOND VIEWING
v Watch the video again. Listen for the missing words and write them in the blanks.
2. She’s 18 now and she has no problem hoprpingaollny a plane and going overseas.
3. If you go into each culture opellny and look people in the eye and obsrearlvley and listen, you’re going to make conrnectioanllsy that are well beyond what most travelers gert to selley.
n What do you think it would be like to be a professional photographer who travels around the world? Write some pros and cons of the job. Discuss your answers with a partner.
ent’mnt
• allow self to immers →8. another cult & anvail
• 9. not req gd lang skills
• be a guest, i.e., follow 10. tnheir way of doing thnings
AFTER VIEWING
ORAL SUMMARY
n Use your notes to create an oral summary of the video with your partner. As you work together, add details to your notes that your partner included but you had missed.
2. When making friends in new communities, people don’t always have the same language in common.
3. Flexibility is an important quality for professional photographers on assignment because they might have to set up camp in some unusual places.
BEFORE VIEWING
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
b Work with a partner and write in the blank the word from the box that best completes the sentence.
communities spend
1. More importantly, when we travel they have lived in communities. We never stayed in hortaellys. And so they were always in little communities where they were hanging out with rkaildlys. And sometimes they had language in comrmaollny, and many times they did not. And they’ve learned how to have fun ther waallyythose kids had fun.
2. What is Annie Griffiths’ advice for communicating with people from different cultures? Do you agree with her? Why or why not?
3. Why does Annie Griffiths say regular travel is spoiled for her?
• not always lang in comm but • compel ppl to 7. Nread captn /