直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]知识讲解

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）

一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。

直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。

He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语）

主句从句主句从句

二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化.

（一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。

★（二）．时态变化

宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。

1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。

2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。

Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth."

Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.

(三)．时间状语变化

★(四)．连接词

1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。

3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他

注意：

1. 语序不变的有：What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you?

但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变

1）从句中有or / or not 。例：she asks whether he stayed 。

2.只用 whether 2）与不定式to do 连用。例：I can’t decide whether to tell him the news

3) 在介词后。例：they are talking about whether they can afford the new house

用法是有区别的，但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whether

★3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。

或连接词（此时连接词充当主语）+谓语+其它。陈述语序中： be动词、助动词、情态动词不能提到主语前。例：1）can you tell me where is the hospital (错）

can you tell me where the hospital is.(对）

2）I don’t know whether does he speak Chinese (错）

I don’t know whether he speaks Chinese (对）

3）I am not sure what can he do (错）

I am not sure what he can do (对）

中考考点：时态、语序、连接词

练习题

一、填空，每空一词：

1.“I am having supper,” he said.

He said that ______ _______ having supper.

2.“I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.

Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.

3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.

She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.

4.The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”

The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.

5.“I met her yesterday,” he said to me.

He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.

6. “You must come here before five,” he said.

He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.

7.“I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.

She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.

8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.

He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.

9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”

He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there

10.He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”

He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.

11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.