高考英语语法总结教学提纲
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结在高考英语中,语法知识点占据了重要的位置。
正确的语法使用可以帮助学生更好地表达自己的意思,避免语法错误。
以下是一些常见的高考英语语法知识点的归纳总结:1. 主谓一致:主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
例如:She is a teacher.(她是一名教师。
)2. 时态:根据句子的语境和时间顺序使用正确的时态。
例如:He is playing football now.(他正在踢足球。
)3. 宾语从句:宾语从句通常在主句中作为宾语,需要使用连接词如that, if, whether等引导。
例如:I don't know if he is coming.(我不知道他是否会来。
)4. 倒装句:在强调句型、条件状语从句、否定副词和短语、某些介词短语等情况下,主语和谓语的位置可以颠倒。
例如:Not only does she speak English, but she also speaks French.(她不仅会说英语,而且会说法语。
)5. 直接引语和间接引语:直接引语是直接引用别人的话,需要使用引号,并保持人称和时态不变。
间接引语是将别人的话转述,需要根据情况进行相应的改动。
例如:He said, "I am going to the cinema."(他说:“我要去电影院。
”)→He said that he was going to the cinema.(他说他要去电影院。
)6. 并列句:使用连词如and, but, or, so等来连接两个平行结构相似的句子。
例如:I like swimming and playing basketball.(我喜欢游泳和打篮球。
)7. 原因状语从句:使用连词如because, since, as等来引导原因状语从句。
例如:She didn't come to the party because she was sick.(她没来参加聚会,因为她生病了。
高中英语语法总结教学提纲
高中英语语法总结高中英语语法简单总结:高中语法难在复杂,要记忆的知识点太多、太杂,我结合高中的语法要求大纲简单总结了我个人认为比较主要的知识点。
大体把握思路,知道都有哪些知识点,然后多看、多做题,总结经常错的知识点,其实知识点是有限的,只要多看几遍,多过滤几遍,就会发现漏网之鱼已经很少了。
下文总结了十二个要点:1、主谓一致2、时态3、语态4、非谓语动词5、情态动词6、虚拟语气7、句子种类8、名词性从句9、状语从句10、定语从句11、强调句12、倒装句当然以上并不是全部要点,还有一些比较基础的,比如:祈使句、省略句、名词等知识点比较简单,在平时做题中自然而然就积累下来了,不需要刻意背诵。
一、主谓一致主谓一致的关键在于,分条记清楚,不要混淆。
1、以动词不定式短语,动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;To study English well is not easy.(动词不定式短语作主语)Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. (动名词短语作主语)What he said is very important for us all. (从句作主语)2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语就用单数形式。
The writer and artist has come.由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。
Every student and every teach is in the classroom.Many a boy and many a girl likes it.No boy and no girl likes it.Each of us has a new book.Is everyone here today?Somebody is speaking in class.Everything around us is matter若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数。
高考常考英语语法知识点总结归纳
高考常考英语语法知识点总结归纳一、主谓一致主谓一致是英语语法中的基本知识点,常常考察于高考中。
在句子中,主语和谓语动词需要在人称和数上保持一致。
例句:1. My brother is a doctor.(我的兄弟是一名医生。
)2. The students are playing basketball.(学生们正在打篮球。
)二、时态时态是表示动作发生的时间的一种语法形式。
掌握时态的正确用法,能够使句子表达更加准确,避免时态错误。
1. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般现在时表示经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
例句:1. They usually go to school by bus.(他们通常乘公共汽车去上学。
)2. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度时沸腾。
)2. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
例句:1. I am studying for the exam.(我正在为考试学习。
)2. She is watching TV right now.(她正在看电视。
)3. 过去时态(Past Tense)过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例句:1. We visited the Great Wall last week.(我们上周参观了长城。
)2. He worked in that company for three years.(他在那家公司工作了三年。
)三、从句的引导词从句是一个可以独立存在的句子,它通常包含一个主语和谓语。
从句根据其功能可以分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
1. 名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
例句:1. What he said is true.(他所说的是真的。
)2. I don't know where he is.(我不知道他在哪里。
高考英语一轮复习语法总结讲义
一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点:1.表达将来时的形式:(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如:I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。
(宾语从句)比较:I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。
(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如:See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语:(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句,主句用过去完成时。
如:We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句,主句用将来完成时。
如:By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months,主句用现在完成时,如:The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中,主句更多的时候不用完成时。
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结高中英语语法归纳总结高中英语语法归纳总结1形容词和副词I. 要点A. 形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。
如:He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。
如:The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。
如:the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式(1) 规则形式一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; -est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:great-greater-greatestbusy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the) most important(2) 不规则形式good (well)-better-bestbad (ill)-worse-worstmany (much)-more-mostlittle-less-least(3) 形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.④越…越…例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
(完整版)高考英语语法知识点总结
(完整版)⾼考英语语法知识点总结专题⼀定语从句⼀、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指⼈在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指⼈在从句中作宾语whose 指⼈或物在从句中作定语as 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指⼈或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词2、as 的⽤法(1)常⽤于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表⽰同⼀类,不同⼀个the same…that 表⽰同⼀个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作⽤,表达说话⼈的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以⽤and this来代替,意为“这⼀点,这件事’”。
注意:as常⽤于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, ⼀般不能⽤which代替as。
C、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,⽽as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but⽤作关系代词,相当于who/that…not例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.⼆、只⽤that不⽤which的情况1、.先⾏词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先⾏词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先⾏词是最⾼级或被形容词最⾼级修饰时。
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结
高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结在高考英语考试中,语法是一个非常重要且必考的内容。
掌握语法知识点不仅可以帮助我们正确理解句子的含义,还可以帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思。
下面将对高考英语必考的语法知识点进行归纳总结。
一、动词及时态1.动词的基本用法:- 动词的基本形式用于表达一般情况;- 动词的过去式用于表示过去发生的动作或状态;- 动词的现在分词形式可用作形容词或进行时态的谓语;- 动词的过去分词形式可用作被动语态的谓语。
2.动词的时态:- 一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;- 现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作;- 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;- 过去进行时:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作;- 将来时:表示将来发生的动作或状态。
3.动词的语态:- 主动语态:表示主语进行或完成动作;- 被动语态:表示主语接受动作。
二、代词1.人称代词:- 主格代词用作主语;- 宾格代词用作宾语或介词的宾语;- 形容词性物主代词用于修饰名词;- 名词性物主代词在句中充当名词的作用;- 反身代词表示动作的主体同时也是动作的承受者。
2.指示代词:- 指示代词可用于指示距离的远近或在句中代替特定的事物。
3.不定代词:- 不定代词用于代替不确定或泛指的人或事物。
三、形容词和副词1.形容词:- 形容词修饰名词,用于描述或限定名词。
2.副词:- 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,用于描述或限定动作的方式、程度等。
四、句型和从句1.简单句:- 简单句由主语和谓语构成,能够独立表达一个完整的意思。
2.并列句:- 并列句由两个或多个独立的分句组成,各分句之间用连词连接。
3.复合句:- 复合句包括一个主句和一个或多个从句。
4.定语从句:- 定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,并且不能独立成句。
5.名词性从句:- 名词性从句可以在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。
五、形式和语气1.直接引语和间接引语:- 直接引语是原话的直接陈述或引述;- 间接引语是对原话的复述或改写。
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结
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高考英语语法总结材料
高考英语语法总结材料
一、时态
2、一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与yesterday, last week/month/year, ago等时间状语连用。
3、一般将来时:表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon等时间状语连用。
4、现在进行时:表示正在发生的动作,常与now, at present, at the moment等时间状语连用。
5、现在完成时:表示动作已经完成,常与just, already, yet等副
词连用。
6、现在完成进行时:表示从过去一些时间延续到现在的动作,常与for, since等时间状语连用。
7、将来进行时:表示将来正在进行的动作,常与tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon等时间状语连用。
8、将来完成时:表示将来的一种完成的动作,常与by the end of, by then等时间状语连用。
二、语态
1、被动语态:表示动作的承受者,常与by短语连用。
2、主动语态:表示动作的执行者,常与to短语连用。
三、定语从句
1、一般定语从句:表示合成一句话,常与that, which, who, whom, whose等关系代词连用。
四、名词
1、可数名词:表示可以分开计量的有形的物体或抽象的概念,常与a, an, the, two, three等冠词连用。
2、不可数名词:表示无法计量的无形的状态或抽象的概念,常与some, any, much, little等词连用。
高考英语必考语法知识点总结归纳
高考英语必考语法知识点总结归纳为了帮助考生更好地应对高考英语,本文将总结归纳高考英语中必考的语法知识点,希望能给考生提供一些有效的学习方法和备考技巧。
一、名词名词在英语语法中属于基础且必考的部分。
名词包括普通名词和专有名词两种。
普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,而专有名词则指特定的人、地点或事物的名称。
1. 可数名词和不可数名词的区别可数名词用于表示可以分为个体的名词,如book、school,可用于单数和复数形式;而不可数名词用于表示无法具体分为个体的名词,如water、information,只有单数形式。
2. 名词的所有格名词的所有格表示所属或归属关系,通常在名词后面加上“’s”来表示,如Tom’s book。
当名词以s结尾时,只需在名词末尾加上一个撇号“’”即可,如students’ books。
二、冠词和限定词冠词和限定词是指在名词前边起到修饰作用的词语,可以帮助我们确定名词的特定范围和数量。
1. 定冠词和不定冠词定冠词“the”用于特指已经确定的人或事物,而不定冠词“a/an”用于泛指或表示数量为“一”的情况。
2. 限定词限定词包括指示代词、形容词性物主代词和不定代词等。
它们可以修饰名词,起到限定其范围或指示特定对象的作用。
三、动词时态和语态动词时态和语态是英语语法中的重要部分,也是考生必须掌握的知识点。
1. 动词时态英语动词的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
时态的使用要根据具体语境来决定。
2. 动词语态英语动词的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。
被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”,它用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
四、形容词和副词形容词和副词在句子中用于修饰名词或者其他形容词、副词。
1. 形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级用于表示两个事物之间的比较,最高级则表示三个或三个以上事物之间的比较。
2. 副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级形式与形容词类似。
需要注意的是,部分副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的。
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇文章:高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结为了帮助广大考生复习高考英语语法,本文将根据常见的知识点总结五篇文章,分别对语态、时态、从句、虚拟语气和非谓语动词进行梳理和解析。
一、语态语态是英语中的一大难点,主要是因为中文中没有严格的语态区分,所以需要我们借助一些例子来记忆。
1. 被动语态被动语态用法较为简单,主要就是要记住要将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,同时使用不同的助动词和时态形式。
例如:Active: They build a new hospital here every year.Passive: A new hospital is built here every year.Active: She eats a banana every morning.Passive: A banana is eaten by her every morning.2. 主动语态主动语态用法就是正常的语态,也是比较简单的。
一般来说,我们常常使用主动语态,尤其是在描述我们自己或别人正在进行的动作。
Active: He writes a letter to his friend.Passive: A letter is written to his friend by him.Active: She plays the piano every afternoon.Passive: The piano is played every afternoon by her.3. 非定语动词非定语动词指的是在句子中作为谓语动词的动词,也就是我们最常见的动词形式。
在语态中,非定语动词主要是用来表示一些情感、感叹或存在状态等。
Active: She loves him deeply.Passive: He is loved deeply by her.Active: They usually send the report to the boss.Passive: The report is usually sent to the boss by them.二、时态时态也是英语语法中的一大难点,考生需要掌握现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时等几个常见时态。
2023届高考英语重点语法总结复习讲义
高三重点语法总结复习1.the same...that... 和...一样We don’t have the samework hours that office workers in the city office have.2.so+adj/adv+that; such+n+that;如此...以至于〔结果状从〕The newlybuilt stadium is so big that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.倒装变式;So big is the newlybuilt stadium that it can hold all the teachers and students.3.so that以便...,目的是...〔缘由状从〕I read more books so that I can catch up with my classmates.4.be doing ...when正在做某事...突然She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.5.with/make /leave+宾语+宾补With the current world conditions forcing us to stay longer indoors,you’ve likely tried to pick up a new skill.We should take effective measures to ptotect our planet,making it a more beautiful place.6.when/while/if/as+adj/非谓语〔状语从句的省略:当从句的主语和主句的主语全都或从句的主语为it时,且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时,可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省去〕While+doing; if possible/necessary; as planned/shecduled/arrangedTwo years later.the worker was caught in Italy when trying to selling the painting.7.祈使句+and+陈述句;表示承接8 祈使句+or+陈述句;表示转折Give me a challenge,and I’ll meet it with joy.Please e here,and you will interested in papercuting.8.It is said that=Sb/Sth is said to do 〔据说句型,从句和不定式的相互转化〕On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.On this day,it is said that the moon is biggest and brightest.9.be+adj+to dois easy to do;is hard to doAlthough the work was not easy to do,we felt happy and satisfied.10.表示方位的介词短语或表示时间,地点,方位的副词放于句首时,句子要半倒装常见的有:among;then ;inUnder the big tree was sitting an old farmer.11.常见的主语从句的四种类型:It is +adj+thatIt is +过去分词+thatIt is +名词短语+thatIt is +不及物动词〔happen,occur,appear,seem...〕+thatIt is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.12.I t+现在完成时+since+一般过去时;“自从...已经有多长时间了〞It has been two weeks since you went back home.13.n ot..until“知道...才〞Not until I received your last letter did I learn your keen interest in Chinese culture. 14.w hether...or“无论是...还是〞If he is out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.15.否认词+比拟级“表示最高级〞Nothing is more difficult than that.16.c an not/never/hardly be too +adjcan not/never/hardly be adj+enough “再...也不为过〞You can never be too careful when you cross the road.17.I t is/was...who/that...强调句.I know it is one of chinese traditional art formspapercutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.The more you know about papercutting,the better you will love it.18.t hat引导的同位语结构某些抽象名词后,如:fact,hope,idea,news,belief,sign等后,常跟that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.There are no signs that Tom was a rich man.19.b e of +adj+n=be of +adjbe of great value=be valuable; be of great help=be helpfulbe of great significance=be significant; be of great benefit=be beneficialI do hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you.20.a s long as“只要;引导条件状语从句〞This proves that as long as we have a strong will ,we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.21.h ave a difficult 〔in〕doing sth“有一段困难的时间〞I had a difficult time 〔in〕adjusting to the learning environment when I first entered the new school.22.t he last time“上次〞引导时间状语从句,不和when连用I still remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.23.t hat’s why“那就是为什么...〞that’s because“那是由于〞That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.Form the space,the earth looks blue. This is because about sevenone percent of its surface is covered by water.24.T he reason why...is that...“...的缘由是...〞The reason why I show respect for her is that she never loss temper instead always encourage me.25.t he +比拟级,the+比拟级“越...越〞The more you give,the more you will get.〔付出越多,收获越多〕26.t he moment“一...就〞引导时间状语从句Generally speaking,we are busy reviewing and preparing for the College EntranceExamination the moment we enter senior three.27.n ot...but...“不是...而是〞V oters sometimes feel annoyed,not because they hate voting,but because they don’t like being forced to do so.28.I t’s high time that sb +一般过去时/should +动词原形“到了该做某事的时间了〞It/This/That is/was the+序数词time that sb+现在完成时/过去完成时某人第几次做某事It’s high time that we devoted /should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.It’s the second time that I have been to Shanghai.29.s o所引导的倒装句:so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语Tom likes to keep pets and so does his wife.〔汤姆喜爱养宠物,他妻子也一样〕30.g et+过去分词31.N o sooner +过去完成时+thanhardly+过去完成时+when“一...就〞No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.32.m ake用法make sb do sth让某人做某事;sb be made to do sth被人被要求做某事make it +adjmake oneself doneThe boss made the worker do the work all day.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more convinent. She managed to make herself understood in English.。
高中英语语法学习提纲
高中英语语法学习提纲看到p50谓语时态一、词类、句子成分和构词法:1、词类:英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。
如:who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如:good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。
如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。
如:am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如:now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如:a, an, the.8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如:oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如:I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如:Jack cleansthe room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
2014高考英语语法学习提纲十一句子成分
十一、句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语1、主语:(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的,主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么,表示句子说的是“什么人”,或”什么事“,如“我写字”中的“我”,做出写字这个动作。
“写”则是谓语,“字”是宾语,是接受谓语“写”这个动作的对象,因此是宾语。
如:The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。
) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。
) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。
)(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。
如:It is very comfortable to have a ClassA seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。
) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。
)(比较好看,避免头重脚轻)(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略:(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。
)/ (It) doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。
) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。
)(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:The man looks worried, doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)(5)祈使句一般省略主语。
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高考英语语法总结一.非谓语动词一.不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能:表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)" 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.2) 使役动词have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI 'd like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to doforce sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do . start to doWe agreed _______ here,but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET 1995)A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key:C)五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; bededication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to. 三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
其中,want不太常用。
He needs (a lot of) encouraging.二. 动名词:具有动作性特征的名词1)是名词seeing is believing2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语starving troops is necessary.一)动名词的形式:一般形式:I don't like you smoking.完成形式:I regret not having taken your advice.被动形式:This question is far from being settled.二) 动名词常考的点1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C your calling 也对)I regret not having taken your advice.4)有些词后只能接动名词admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法:it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...5有些词后加不定式和动名词均可remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式,意义截然不容。
I remembered to post the letters. (指未来/过去未来的动作)I remembered posting/having posting the letters (我记得这个动作)forgot remember的用法类似。
I regret to inform you that… 我很遗憾地通知你…I regretted having left the firm after twenty years. 为了"二十年前的离开"而遗憾。
try to 努力You really must try to overcome your shyness.try -ing 试验Try practicing five hours a day.I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. [打算、想]我想去,但我父亲不让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. [意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
prefer的用法:我宁愿在这里等。
3 分词:现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态现在分词的形式:1)一般式: Do you see the man talking to the dean(主任)? (与谓语动词同步发生)2)完成形式:Not having made adequate preparations, they failed. (发生谓语动词之前)3)完成被动形式:Having been adapted, the script seems perfect.( 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动)过去分词1) 过去分词表示被动:Fight no battle unprepared.2)过去分词的进行形式:You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere. (强调正在被做)这三种非谓语动词,都可以构成复合结构,非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
他们之间的一致关系--主动还是被动,往往就是考点。
独立主格结构中,要注意的是分词与他前面的逻辑主语之间的主动被动的关系。
二:虚拟语气和情态动词情态动词的基本用法及其区别最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别,因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。
情态动词的用法复杂多变,在高考试题中,命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。
对于情态动词,除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外,还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。
下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。
一、用"情态动词+have +done"结构表示对过去动作的推测,高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。
情态动词的这一用法可以用"对立统一"来概括。
1.当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明,且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时,我们可用"统一"关系来解决这样的试题。
常见的结构有:must have done:表示对过去动作的肯定推测,常译作"一定做了……",只能用于肯定句中。
其否定形式为can't/couldn't have done疑问式为Can/Could...have done?。