上海市七宝中学2016届高三考前模拟英语试题(一) Word版含答案

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上海市七宝中学2016-2017学年高一英语周练卷1含答案

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GrammarPlease mind the silenceDespite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve,means that ________ ________ you’re packed into an enclosed space with hundreds of other people, the morning commute (上下班) can leave you feeling somewhat isolated.One London resident, however, is trying to change this。

“You get on the Tube here and ifs completely silent and ifs weird," says Jonathan Dunne, 42, an American living in London，who has, ironically, started _________ worldwide dialogue after giving out badges （徽章) with the slogan “Tube chat?” last month, encouraging commuters in London to get talking to one another。

“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting many refusals and most of them _________ （throw）away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed," he says。

上海市七宝中学学年第一学期新高三英语摸底考试

上海市七宝中学学年第一学期新高三英语摸底考试————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：上海市七宝中学09学年第一学期新高三英语摸底试卷第I卷(105分)I. Listening Comprehension 30%Section A1. A. He lent her his extra pen. B. He was afraid of losing his pen.C. He offered her a pencil.D. He said he didn’t have any extra ink.2. A. The teacher reviewed a previous lesson.B. The teacher taught a new lesson.C. The teacher postponed the class until Friday.D. The teacher made the students write in class.3. A. It’s going to attract a lot of students. B. It’s going to be a lot of fun.C. It’s going to require a lot of reading.D. I t’s going to work out quite well.4. A. She agrees to lend him the car. B. She offers him the car.C. She refuses to lend him the car.D. She is pleased to lend him the car.5. A. To the beach. B. To a movie theatre. C. To a play. D. To a restaurant.6. A. Policeman and driver. B. Policeman and thief.C. Teacher and pupil.D. Director and actress.7. A. He is often late for meals. B. He is expecting a letter from abroad.C. He wrote to his family last month.D. He is anxious to go back home.8. A. He is modest. B. He is satisfied. C. He is proud. D. He is upset.9. A. Europe. B. Here. C. Canada. D. California.10. A. The train is crowded. B. The train is late.C. The train is on time.D. The train is out of order.Part B PassagesQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He was struck by lightning. B. He had a car accident.C. He was very old.D. He fell down in his yard.12. A. His wife. B. A clock. C. A tree. D. Lightning.13. A. A fall from the tree. B. The unexpected return of his wife.C. Another flash of lightning.D. Another heavy blow.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. at 1:06 am B. at 0:16 am C. at 6 am D. at 6 pm15. A. 21 B. 6 C. 20 D. 1216. A. U.S still has much trouble in it’s economic field.B. U.S has gone out of the woods of economic crisis.C. U.S has seen the light of recovery in its economic field.D. U.S will completely overcome the economic crisis soonPart C Longer ConversationsBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversationWhy did the man want to go to the Great wall? Because he wanted to be a ___17___man. What’s the second way to go to visit the GreatWall?A_____18____ tourWhat’s the advantage of going off on one’sown?It has more free time and it’s also___19___.How much will it cost the man if he went thereby using the second way?￥_____20____Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORDS for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversationWhat kind of gift will Jerry buy for her niece ? A ____21____What kind of gift has Peter suggested Jerry’sbuying for her parents?Some _____22_____What, finally has Jerry decided to buy for her sister? A qipao _____23_______What kind of gift will be the best for herbrother?A ______24 ______about China.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary: 16%Section A25. He would not tell a lie, because dishonesty was _______ his principles.A. againstB. overC. beyondD. below26. Regardless of the difficulty, the project ______be finished by next Monday.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need27. The characters in the novel had many troubles at first, but _______ came out all right in the end.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything28. The customers were free to take ____________ they wanted.A. as many samples of the products asB. as many as samples of the productsC. as many samples as of the productsD. as many samples of the products than29. In the past decade, computer technology _______ explosive growth.A. seesB. has seenC. sawD. is seen30. It all depends on the weather ______ we will go to the park tomorrow or not.A. thatB. whenC. ifD. whether31. He had given up smoking, _______ made his colleagues quite happy.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it32. After surviving the terrible accident, the man gained a new perspective towards life, finally_______ its value.A. had understoodB. to understandC. understoodD. understanding33. Receiving a horrendous haircut, the woman decided ______ the hair salon.A. suingB. to sueC. to be suedD. not suing34. There is little point in ______ grammatical rules without understanding them.A. recitationB. how to reciteC. recitedD. reciting35. _______ they have different personalities, they get along well with each other.A. As long asB. Unless C . Although D. Even36. Never ________ that his guesswork would be so totally contrary to fact.A. did he expectB. he expectedC. expected heD. had he expected37. The family kept all of their family photos in a shoebox _____ of cardboard.A. makingB. being madeC. to makeD. made38. It was since the customer did not return the loan______ the bank was forced to react.A. whenB. howC. thatD. which39. _________ the truth is, it is always convenient to blame outsiders for creating trouble.A. WhateverB. WhatC. HowD. However40. The plain fact ______ you'll never get to university is obvious if you don’t study hard now.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whySection B (9%)A. enoughB. challengeC. activityD. concerned AB. hopingAC. hopefully AD. designed BC. lifelong BD. mysterious CD. generallyYou may be surprised to hear that children in Britain, home to the world’s most successful author, JK Rowling of Harry Potter fame, have a problem with reading. The problem, as far as the government, experts and many parents are ___41___, is that kids are just not doing ___42___ of it.It’s not just a question of children not reading the classics—difficult works by William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens. Reading ___43___ is in crisis in the UK. Many different reasons are given: lack of encouragement form parents, competition from TV and the Internet and computer games.But the government and schools have not given up on youngsters. There are many schemes to encourage kids to read more and thereby get into the habit of a(n) ___44___ that will bring real fulfillment.The National Literacy Trust (NLT), a body, set up by the government, ___45___ has a scheme called “Reading Champions”. This summer Reading Champions has a(n) ___46___ called “Quest Seekers”. It is___47___ to take children on a ride into ___48___ and wondrous land where they can discover the joy of reading and nurture a ___49___ love affair with reading and books. The idea is to turn a trip to their local library into a kind of magical adventure, of the kind that young readers love in the Harry Potter books.III. Reading Comprehension 15%Section AMore and more young women want to look beau tiful. Young women’s desire to achieve the figure of a fashion model has an 50 form of expression in the problem of anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is a(n) 51 disorder which occurs largely among young girls; 52 , it is also found among some of the young women, and in some cases, among boys.Anorexia nervosa is 53 starvation attitudes toward food, and distorted (扭曲的) body image. 54 they are often extremely thin, anorexic girls believe that they are fat and are 55 on dieting. Their perceptions of their own bodies are very much distorted. They do not see themselves as thin but 56 , as fat. Most 57 of anorexia lose 25 percent or more of their body fat. Anorexia also causes them to become weak. From five to six percent of anorexics __58 _die from starvation.Anorexia, which means “without food”, seems to be quite59 among young girls, although it was 60 a problem twenty years ago. The 61 of Anorexia is not known. Researchers are trying to find out its 62 but it is related to a psychological (心理的) need. One theory is that they want to avoid becoming an adult, since starvation can 63 down physical growth and the beginning of puberty(青春期). Another theory is that anorexia is related to refusal of the mother figure or to being the daughter of an overly protective and controlling mother. By being anorexic, the girl shows her ability to _64 _at least one aspect of her own life.In addition, researchers note that the problem may result in a wrong body image---the ideal of female beauty of being very thin.50．A．ordinary B．extreme C．interesting D．everlasting51．A．acting B．sleeping C．studying D．eating52．A．however B．furthermore C．anyhow D．therefore53．A．brought by B．found in C．regarded as D．characterized by 54．A．Because B．When C．Although D．If55．A．forced B．willing C．checked D．fixed56．A．rather B．nevertheless C．further D．even57．A．lovers B．victims C．women D．patients58．A．greatly B．strangely C．actually D．steadily59．A．strange B．common C．possible D．often60．A．hardly B．certainly C．hopefully D．exactly61．A．medicine B．truth C．result D．cause62．A．possibility B．opportunity C．necessity D. importance63．A．break B．cut C．slow D．turn64．A．control B．improve C．build D．instructSection B 30%AToday’s dad spends more hours on childcare than a dad a generation ago. But he still lags behind the modern-day mom, even when her wages are equal, a new study reports. Researchers found that the number of hours a mother spent at work had no effect on the amount of time a father devoted to childcare during the week. Similarly, a mother’s income had very little influence on fathers’ involvement in childcare. On weekends, however, fathers spent more time with their children. Despit e women’s increasing role in the labor market, most mothers remain the primary caregivers of young children on weekdays.Researchers found that fathers spent an average of 2.5 hours on a weekday and about 6 hours on a weekend day with their children. This included time spent playing together or doing schoolwork, personal care such as bathing and feeding. On weekdays, children spent one-third less time with their fathers than with their mothers, but on weekends the time gap closed and kids spent only 13% more time with their mothers than with their fathers. Children of women who made more money spent more time with their fathers on weekends, however. “The good news is that as women become equal contributing partners, the relative involvement of fathers does i ncrease,” one researcher said. “The bad news is that men still do less on traditional women’s jobs — (taking care of) babies, dishes, etc.”In other findings, fathers with some college education spent 17 more minutes per weekday with their children than dads without any college education. Fathers who made more money spent less time with children on weekdays, but the amount of time was fairly small. “Our findings suggest that although mothers still shoulder most parenting, fathers’ involvement relative to that of mothers appears to be on the increase,” the researchers conclude. “A ‘new father’ role is emerging on weekends in families.”65．The underlined word“This” in the second paragraph refers to _________.A．the study reported in the textB．the role a father plays in childcareC．time a father spends with his children on weekendsD．time a father spends with his children during the whole week66．Which of the following explains a fathers’ increasing involvement in childcare?A．Women’s liberation movement.B．The kind of job women do.C．The kind of job fathers do. D．A mother’s income.67．Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?A．Fathers are more involved but mothers are still main caregivers.B．Children need care from both parents in a family.C．Education is the key to the improvement of women’s good health and happiness.D．Women have become equal contributing partners of income in a family.68．Which of the words below best describes the researchers’ attitude towards a “new father” role?A．Surprised. B．Pleased.C．Disappointed. D．Dissatisfied.BYou can be proud of yourselves, even if you can only make one or two of these green changes. The goal here is to limit carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which are closely associated to the big problem of global-warming.Strategy 1: Bring your own cup to StarbucksYou'll get a 10-cent discount, and it's one less paper cup to end up in a dustbin The store won't create more waste when they throw away a cupStrategy 2: Turn off your computerWhen in standby mode, your PC is still using energy Turning off a monitor for 40 hours a week may only save $ 5 a month, but it reduces CO2 by 750 poundsStrategy 3: Reuse plastic bagsInstead of throwing away 100 billion plastic bags a year, try and get a second, third, or tenth use out of them. Better yet, next time you shop, try a reusable bag You're reducing pollution. The amount of oil it would take to make just 14 plastic bags would run your car for one mileStrategy 4: Use recycled paper in the bathroomMost of the toilet paper we use is made from trees found in forests previously untouched by humans If every household replaced one roll of toilet paper with a recycled one,424,000trees would still be standing. Look for eco paper towels tooStrategy 5: Buy energy-efficient appliances(电器) Replace the old fridge with an Energy Starappliance and you'll use 15 percent less energy. It might be a little expensive to buy, but you'll save money on your electricity bills and help the environment If we all used one Energy Star appliance at home, it would be like planting 1.7 million acres of new treesStrategy 6: Plant a treeAdding green to your garden is beautiful and earth-pleasing Just one tree will help make cleaner air and save the environment from 5, 000 pounds of hot carbon dioxide each year69. What is the best title for the passage?A. Tips to Save MoneyB. Approaches to being Earth-FriendlyC. Strategies to End Global-WarmingD. Ways to Limit Carbon Dioxide70. According to the writer, what will happen if our PC is switched off when not in use?A. It will help to save a large amount of money.B. It will help to reduce a great deal of CO2.C. It will save the amount of oil that runs your car for a mile.D. It will be like planting 1.7 million acres of new trees.71. Which strategies suggest recycling or reuse of things?A. Strategies 1 & 3.B. Strategies 2 & 5.C. Strategies 3 & 6.D. Strategies 4 & 5.72. What benefits do these strategies have in common?A. They all help reduce the use of energy like electricity.B. They all cut down the amount of the use of paper.C. They all result in producing less greenhouse gases.D. They all aid to preserve our trees and forest.CJust the mention of the TOEFL, GRE and GAMT exams brings a thought of long hours of dull paper work. But that idea is becoming increasingly out of date. As planned, computerized tests will begin next year which will bring a series of changes from test psychology to scoring techniques.From computer - equipped rooms, examinees will answer the questions on a computer. If they are sure about their choices, they can pass to the next question by pressing the entry(条目) “next”. Then another question will be randomly(任意地)selected from a vast test item bank and appear on the screen. After answering all the questions, examinees can choose the entry “quit” if they are not satisfied with their performance, or “score” if they want to see the result. Scores will be calculated immediately and appear on the screen. By that point, student's marks are official--there is no going back.Since they greatly shorten the painful waiting process-which used to be two or three months, computerized tests have won worldwide popularity. Besides, there will be no rushing to the registration offices( 登记处)for these exams. Computerized tests will be given every workday in an exam center with all three kinds of tests being held in the same room. All test takers need to do is to call the exam center and book their seats for a particular day.In addition it will become technically possible to apply new testing procedures. In the past，each examinee had the same set of test items despite differences in their ability. Under a computerized system, however, if the computer judges an answer is right, a question of a relatively difficult nature will follow. But if an examinee continues to give wrong answers and is judged as un-qualified by the computer system, he will be automatically denied the chance to go further in the test.73. Computerized tests allow the examinee to know their scores .A. immediately on a central computer for scoring test papersB. a few minutes after the exam with the help of a test center workerC. on the next day after they have taken the examD. immediately after the exam by means of the same computer74. If an examinee is not satisfied with his performance .A. he can admit defeat and give it upB. he can ask the computer to give some adviceC. he can ask another chance within a few daysD. he is allowed to do it once again75. Under a computerized system, all of the following would be possible except that .A. different exams can be taken in the same roomB. one doesn’t need to rush to the registration officer for taking an examC. it will be much easier to pass an examinationD. one can take an exam almost at any time of the yearDA team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco, reported that middle- aged men without wives were actually twice as likely to die during a 10 — year span as men with wives. It was the kind of news that swept through offices and watering holes — and it made people feel conceited or anxious, depending on their circumstances.Davis’s team had set out to examine the effect of various living arrangements on mortality (the number of death from a certain cause). Because of the buffering (缓冲作用) social support marriage is known to provide, Davis and her colleagues fully expected to find that men and women living alone did worst in survival rates. It came as some surprise, however, that in their study population, subjects who shared living quarters with people other than a spouse had the same lower survival rates as those who lived by themselves. 'The critical factor," Davis says, "seems to be the presence of a spouse."The lower survival rates for the spouseless were found primarily in men who were widowed(丧偶), separated or divorced, rather than in those who had never been married. Emotional and social factors probably played a role in higher mortality among the spouseless men. The researchers will analyze questionnaires that asked how frequently the men felt worried, nervous or poorly rested. But the team will also look at the causes of death; if the men without wives show higher rates of suicide or fatal accidents, it’s likely that emotional stress contributed to their higher mortality rate.Davis has already discovered that the married men reported a significantly higher level of well- being than those who weren’t married. So perhaps the explanation for their longer survival isn’t really so complicated. Because they are cared for by nurturing wives, they just plain feel happier than the other guys do. And what better reason than that for staying alive?76. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The mortality of middle- aged men is closely related to their well - being.B. The mortality of middle- aged men is directly proportional to their wives' survival rates.C. The mortality of middle- aged men is not in proportion to their divorce rates.D. The mortality of middle- aged men is closely related to their marriage condition.77. The news reported makes .A. the widowers happy and the widows worriedB. the married happy and the spouseless worriedC. the divorced happy and the separated worriedD. the widowed happy and the spouse worried78. It seems that in terms of survival rates .A. widowed men are easier to be hurt than widowed womenB. married men are easier to be hurt than married womenC. married women are easier to be hurt than married menD. widowed women are easier to be hurt than widowed men79. It can be predicted, while looking at the cause of death, researchers will .A. remove certain health factorsB. consider the circumstancesC. consider racial supportD. remove certain emotional factorsSection C 5%EA. Personalized home pages share some common features.B. The Net communities help to build a website.C. The planning before building a website.D. Some principles should be paid attention to.E. Astrological sign represents a person.F. A website comes to become a necessity of life.80. _______In the 1960s, people asked about your astrological sign. In the 1990s, they wanted to know your website. These days, having a Web address is almost as important as a street address. You website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially, millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The Web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.81. _______Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. Like the table of contents of a book or a magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it. While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout. At the top of the page is a banner GRAPHIC. Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, texts, and links to other websites follow.82. _______Before you start building your site, do some planning. Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say. Next, gather up the material that you want to put on the site. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.83. _______While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind: start simply. If you are too ambitious at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add to your site. Less is better. Most people don’t like to read a lot of text online. Break it into small pieces. Smaller is better. Most people connect to the Internet with a modem. Since it can take a long time to download large image files, keep the small. Don’t put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally. Learn the Net’s Copyright Article for more about this.84. _______Now it’s time to roll up your sleeves and start building. Learning the Net Communities provides tools to help you build your site.第Ⅱ卷（45分）I.Translation 20%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我不太喜欢吃甜的东西。

上海市七宝中学高一上学期入学摸底英语试题-含答案

七宝中学2016学年新高一英语入学摸底考Ⅱ.Grammar 15%17.During the vacation, many parents take on the roles of driver as they drive their children from one lesson to________.A.another others18. Life is like an ocean; only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.C./won’t give you any help________you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.ifI________ to go abroad for further study. I changed my mind and decided to stay with my family.wanted want want21. The man was so surprised at________ that he did not try to escape or defend himself.be discovered discovered22. Experiments ________that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age, as early as about two months.proving be proved proved proved23. Information has been put forward________more students will be admitted into universities.chairman thought________ necessary to invite Professor Johnson to speak at the meeting.bell rang________ he had time to dash into the classroom to take the exam.26. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just_______worries the public.27. Professor Smith, ________for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.be known knownhad quit her job when her son was born________she could stay home and raise her family.case if if that29. Hearing the dog breaking fiercely,_______.thief was running away did the thief runthief would run away ran the thief30. I ________ worry about about my weekend--I always have my plans ready before it comes.’t ’t ’t ’t’s house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute”is a museum now.Ⅲ.Vocabulary 20%32.________ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, earthquake.A.Accumulated33. If your car isn’t insured,you may ________ losing everything when it hits something solid.34. According to the research, it takes 21 days to ________a new good habit.A.cultivate35. The figures in that repor t are not ’d better do more detective work yourself.A.delicate36. ALDS control and prevention is a ________ to China as well as the whole world.A.surprise37. I am used to traveling by air and only on one have I ever felt frighted.38. With the petrol used up, the boat________ along the river and finally reached the shore 5 hours later.39. The aim of education is to teach people to think for themselves and not follow others________ .40. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to ________ the pain, believing that it would go away sooner or later.41. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can ________ when the unexpected will happen.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In giving advice, you must learn to understand the person’s level of judgment. There will be some people who come to you with unconnected knowledge, talking about, say, Vitamin B12 and other modern __42__. When they ask advice, begin at that level. Unless you start at their own level, they will not be able to understand. You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat, and how they need to __43__ it.You have to train yourself to be very __44__. Staying at one level is not being a free man. If we stay at a very high level all the time, that is not practical.A limitless person goes __45__ from one level of thinking to another, according to his circumstances. To do this we must get rid of our unwillingness to change ourway of thinking or behavior, become friends with everyone, and have the same loving feelings for everyone. Then we can give advice to all kinds of people. If there is someone or something you dislike, you are still __46__, and your ability to give advice is reduced. For anyone, the same. A free person acts like that.You cannot s tay with a sick person all the time. You must __47__ a person’s freedom as much as you can. If people really want to die, let them—it is their freedom. The point is never to become an authority __48__; remain a friend or advisor. People should not come back __49__ for consultation; if they do, your advice has been incomplete—you did not know how to give the __50__ advice about freedom. If they do not understand that, sick people become slaves; they are still afraid inside, and are__51__. That is no way to build a healthy world and help people become happy and free.Test 15%Food for freeTo look or ‘forage’ for food growing in nature is nothing new. Human have done it for many thousands of years. Even today cultures survive on only the wild food they find. Among others, foraging has become more of a __52__ activity, in France and Spain, __53__, many people look for mushrooms in the autumn. Foe the British, foraging was a very important way to keep healthy in the past, __54__ during the Second World War when there was less food in the shops. Ingredients __55__ rosehips, rich in vitamin C, nettles and seaweed were all used to improve their __56__.In recent decades foraging has often been something people do in developing countries, not developed ones. In developed countries, modern agricultural methods have led to __57__ in what people eat and where they get their food. With the growth of supermarkets, people can now buy seasonal foods any day of the year and they no longer need to forage. The pace of life these days is also faster. __58__, many people prefer to buy all their food from shops and supermarkets because it saves time and energy, both of which foraging requires.__59__, things are changing once again and in the last few years, foraging hasbecome __60__ in those countries with supermarkets. You might think this new interest in wild food is because of __61__ problems and people wanting to cut their spending but __62__, this new trend began in the top restaurant of the world. In some of these restaurants, they use fresh __63__ ingredients to create elegant dishes of the highest quality. Some of them even employ professional foragers to find the seasonal ingredients used each day.This fashion for wild food is now spreading and more people are interested in going on causes or organized wild food walks to learn how to forage safely. These activities show people what plants, berries, fungi and nuts they can find and when and where they might grow. They teach people what plants __64__ mushrooms to be careful of and also how to prepare different wild foods so they are safe to eat. __65__, these courses or walks make people more aware of the seasons, their natural surroundings and the free food on offer. They are social and encourage people to be __66__ with nature. This might be something that good for us all.. seasonal B. outdoor C. leisureD. cultural. Even though B. On the one hand C. For example D. In a word. simply B. purposefully C. generally D. especially. such as B. for instance C. as if D. in case. appearance B. diet C. health D. life.safety B. confusion C. changes D. conclusion. As a result B. Somehow C. Nevertheless D. Furthermore. Though B. However C. Anyhow D. Moreover.available B. unpopular C. useless D. fashionable. practical B. technical C. financialD. agricultural. in the end B. on the contrary C. in factD. by contrast. wild B. pure C. familiarD. sustainable. except B. and C. like D. or. So far B. Above all C. On the other handD. In reality. outside B. contact C. harmonious D. generousV. Reading comprehension 28%My l4-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat almost at the same time. It was hanging at a secondhand clothing store. While the other coats looked rather depressed, this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the chesterfield (长大衣) was soft and unworn. It was beautifully tailored and had an unbelievable price tag of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance from long ago.John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a grin.“How did the kids like your coat”I asked. “They loved it!” he said merrily, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced protest, quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He become more sensible, more polite, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom,” he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It must be his coat!” At the library, we ran into a friend who had not seen our children for a long time, “Could this be John” he asked, looking up to John’s new height, assessing the style of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another.Sometimes, watching John leave for school, I’m reminded of what it felt like to be at his age---a time when it was as easy to try on different approaches to life as it was to try on a coat.67.Why did John’s eyes shine when he saw the coat?A. It was the first time that he had been to a secondhand store.B. It was pleasant for him to share the same taste with mom.C. He fell in love with that coat and wanted to put it on.D. He managed to get his mom to buy him a new coat.68. What does the underlined word “grin” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. A big smile.B. A sad look.C. A jealous remark.D. An anxious thought.69.Which of the following might be the best title?A. A Special Shopping ExperienceB. A Caring MotherC. A Magical CoatD. John’s Taste for Clo thing(B)Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doingbusiness in some countries.In BrazilBrazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours—there’s no such th ing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.In SingaporeSingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.In the United Arab EmiratesIn the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.In SwitzerlandThe Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personaltopics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others’ time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be saf e. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.70. The passage is mainly about ________.A. communication typesB. the workplace atmosphereC. customs and social mannersD. living conditions and standards71. Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?A. They put efficiency in the first place.B. They dislike face-to-face communication.C. They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.D. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.72. In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?A. When greeting seniors.B. When meeting the host alone.C. When attending a presentation.dining with business partners.73. In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?A. In Brazil.B. In Singapore.C. In the United Arab Emirate.D. In Switzerland.(C)William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the windAt age 14, in poverty and famine, a Malawian boy built a windmill to power his family's home. Now at 22, William Kamkwamba, who speaks at TED, here, for the second time, shares in his own words the moving tale of invention that changed his life. Thomas Suarez :A 12-year-old App developerMost 12-year-olds love playing videogames - but Thomas Suarez taught himself how to create them. After developing iPhone apps like "Bustin Jeiber," a whack-a-mole game, he is now using his skills to help other kids become developers.Amy O’Toole, Beau LottoWhat do science and play have in common Neuroscientist Beau Lotto thinks all people (kids included) should participate in science and, through the process of discovery, change perceptions. He's seconded by 12-year-old Amy O'Toole, who, along with 25 of her classmates, published the first peer-reviewed article by schoolchildren, about the Blackawton bees project. It starts: "Once upon a time ... "Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose, Naomi ShahIn 2011 three young women swept the top prizes of the first Google Science Fair. Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose and Naomi Shah describe their extraordinary projects —and their route to a passion for science.74. According to the passage, Thomas Suarez ___________.A. made big money by developing gamesB. learned to develop apps by himselfC. spent all his time on computer gamesD. taught adults to develop video games75. Danny, a 16-year-old boy who is working on a science project and planning to participate inan online competition. Which of the following will he most probably watch?A. How I harnessed the windB. A 12-year-old App DeveloperC. Science for Everyone, Kids IncludedD. Award-winning Teenage Science in Action76. All these TED videos aim to ___________.A. analyze the different ways to successB. promote the latest scientific inventionsC. introduce the famous teenage speakersD. encourage passion for science and creativity(D)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be Your neighbour or a super star A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality(虚拟现实) device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality canbe effective in fighting racism-the bias(偏见) that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplantingcan infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexesthe Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike themcan be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlyKEY17-31 ABDAD DABBB BDDDA32-41 ADACB DDACD42-51 BC A AB CD D AD ABC B AC C52-66 ACDAB CABDC CADBA67-69 CAC70-73 CDBD74-75 BDD77-80 BADC。

上海市七宝中学高三上学期周测卷英语试题1 含答案

Test for 21st Teens, Issue 646 (sept 19)Schoolgirl picks names (7%)Many children dream of becoming astronauts (宇航员), scientists, teachers or pop stars, but it is unlikely that many would say, “When I grow up, I want to help people pick their baby’s name.”Yet one British teenager is a baby namer ____1____ is laughing all the way to the bank.Beau Jessup, 16, ____2_____(earn) more than ￡48,000 (422,155 yuan) by helping Chinese parents choose English names for their children, according to the BBC.A student at Cheltenham Ladies College in England, Jessup had the idea during a family visit to China. It came ____3_____, during a meal out, she was asked by her parents’ friends to suggest an English name for their newborn baby.And thus, her business was born: She ___4_____(found) the Specialname website.After choosing their child’s gender (性别), parents are asked by the site to select from a list of 12 personality traits (特点) – including sensitive, honest, creative and clever – to match the way they would like their kid to be.Three names are then suggested, along with their meanings and a famous person with the same name such as Grace Kelly or Catherine Middleton. For example, Rose means elegant, sensitive and reliable. Parents can share the choices with their family and friends using messaging app WeChat so they can help make the final choice.Users ____5____(charge) dozens of yuan to use the service. Jessup said she was happy to have played a part in the lives of many families and changed her own life.“I have a target (目标) to reach ___6____ will allow me to pay for my university fees, and writing the text for the site was really good practice for my Mandarin GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education),” she told The Independent.The practice of the Chinese ____7____(choose) Western names for themselves and their kids has been going on for decades. It is especially handy when it comes to cross-cultural communication.Jessup’s business isn’t the first of its kind. Last year, Lindsa y Jernigan from the US started a similar site called “Best English Names”.Chinese people aren’t the only ones who pay companies to choose names for their babies, either. In recent years, baby name experts have found success in the US and Europe by helpingparents name their babies.Climbing in pain(10%)Day one: Saturday, April 26, 9 am.Out in the desert, I leave my truck ____8_____ the path begins for Horseshoe Canyon. My plan is to cycle up Horshoe Canyon, leave the bike at the top and then come down Blue John Canyon on foot.The trip is a last-minute decision. Usually I would leave a detailed schedule with my roommates, but the only word I have given is “Utah”.____9_____ the Blue John path will be only a day trip, I’m carrying a 13kg pack, most of the weight ____10_____ (take) up by climbing gear (装备) for the canyon, food and four liters of water.By 2:30 pm, I’m about 7 miles into the canyon, where the canyon is no more than 1 meter wide. ____11____(get) down a steep (急剧下降的) drop I try to hang off the edge of a boulder (巨石) that is stuck between the walls of the canyon. Just before I let go of it, I feel it move. ___12_____ ________ ________ I land on the floor of the canyon, the boulder comes falling down. In the narrow space I cannot avoid the boulder. It hits one wall and then breaks my right arm against the other wall and stops there.The extreme pain throws me into a panic. I pull my arm quickly three times in an attempt to get it out from under the rock. But I’m stuck. There is no way I ____13_____ pull it out or move the boulder.There is no feeling in my right hand at all and it is already turning grey.My immediate worry is water. The average survival time in the desert ___14_____ water is between two and three days. My next thought is escape. Eliminating (消除) ideas that are just too stupid (like breaking open my AA batteries and hoping the acid eats into the stone but not my arm), I decide to try to chip away the rock around my hand with my knife. This is terribly slow.___15_____ _________ I wanted to sleep, I couldn’t. My hand is trapped too high up so I can’t lie down, and as soon as my knees bend, the pain is terrible. ____16____(use) a rope and some of my climbing gear, I manage to fix a kind of seat. That helps me take the weight off myfeet, although I soon realize that the straps (带子) restrict (限制) the blood supply and I can’t sit in it for more than 20 minutes.Pandas making their comeback(10%)When it comes to cuteness, few animals can compete with the giant panda, a national treasure. And there is good news for the lovable creature: It has just been brought back from the brink (边缘) of ____17_____.The International Union for Conservation (保护) of Nature (IUCN) downgraded the species from “____18_____” to “vulnerable” (易危) as the union published its new Red List on Sept 4.The downgrade came after IUCN data suggested that there were 1,864 giant pandas in the wild in China in 2014－their population grew by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.Chinese conservation efforts are considered to have played a big part in the animal’s comeback.ŒDecades of conservation efforts have included the _____19____ of giant panda poaching (偷猎) and the creation of a panda reserve (保护区) system, increasing the number of areas where the animal can live.“The Chinese have done a great job in investing in panda habi tats, expanding and setting up new ____20_____,” Ginette Hemley, senior vice-president for wildlife conservation at the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), told the BBC.The number of panda reserves in China has jumped to 67 from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live in these reserves, according to the WWF.“The ____21_____ of the panda shows that when science, politics and … local communities come together, we can save wildlife,” WWF Director General Marco Lambertini told CNN.The giant panda, however, is not completely safe yet. Climate change and ____22_____ amounts of bamboo could mean the gains that have been made in the past few decades don’t last. The BBC said that fast climate change might destroy a third of the giant pandas’ bamboo-filledhomes in the next 80 years. Due to the warmer weather, bamboo might not even____23____. Pandas must eat 12kg to 38kg worth of bamboo each day to ____24____ their energy needs. It makes up some 99 percent of their diet, without which they are likely to starve.“It is a real ____25_____, and this is the main problem that species are facing all over the world with regard to (关于) climate change,” Joe Walston, vice president of Conservation Field Programs for the Wildlife Conservation Society, told the Live Science website. “The most important thing we can do at the moment is to be able to grow … that habitat (栖息地) and … allow pandas to move across land.”Therefore, conservation efforts will continue and the giant panda will still be “a conservation-d ependent species for the _____26____ future,” the IUCN’s report concluded.Money motivates fitness(15%)Do you think you would work out more if you were offered money to do so? Science has shown that money can give people motivation to ____27_____, but perhaps not in the way that you think.According to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine journal, the best ___28_____ isn’t offering money; it’s giving someone money, then ____29_____ to take it away.Researchers gave 281 people the goal of walking 7,000 steps every day over 13 weeks.To motivate the people who took part to reach the goal, researchers divided them into ____30____ groups. People in the first group received $1.40 (9 yuan) each day as long as they ____31_____ 7,000 steps; the second group was only able to collect the $1.40 if they had reached 7,000 steps the day before; and the third group was given $42 at the beginning of each month, and $1.40 was taken away every time someone failed to meet the goal.The third group met their daily ____32____ goals 50 percent more often than the other two groups, showing that people were most ____33_____ to walk by the fear of losing money.“People are more motivated by losses than gains, and they like ____34____ gratification (满足),” study author Dr Mitesh Patel, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the US, told CNN. “They want to be ____35_____ today, not next year or far into the future.”Our brains tend to avoid wanting to lose things more than they try to get the ____36_____ from gaining them, Patel explained. “It makes people think like the money is theirs to lose fromday one.”___37____, in most programs, many participants (参与者) will drop out quickly and only the motivated will stay _____38_____, Patel said.“In ours, we were pleasantly surprised that 96 percent stayed,” he added.The study provides _____39_____ that what matters is not only the money incentives (奖励), but also how you think about them.Œ This is important to how effective they are. The evidence could have a big effect on health promotion programs in the future, according to the study.“____40_____ themselves are not all you need,” Stephanie Pronk, a health and wellness consultant (顾问) with the Aon plc corporation, told The W all Street Journal. “It’s really important to ____41_____ the incentive design and keep people on their toes.”27. A. turn up B. work out C. make up D. talk about28. A. test B. campaign C. design D. strategy29. A. attempting B. threatening C. failing D. managing30. A. one B. two C. three D. four31. A. finished B. challenged C. followed D. ran32. A. calorie B. business C. study D. fitness33. A. motivated B. worried C. disappointed D. blessed34. A. emotional B. immediate C. intellectual D. mutual35. A. praised B. compared C. forced D. rewarded36. A. budgets B. opportunities C. benefits D. gifts37. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. For example38. A. refreshed B. calm C. awake D. involved39. A. evidence B. funds C. suggestions D. aid40. A. expectations B. Outcomes C. Incentives D. Experiences41. A. adopt B. award C. change D. produce(8%)Yang Yang may very well be one of the most popular actors in China. His good looks, solider-like qualities and heartwarming smile have attracted audiences. _________42__________ Yang majored in the Department of Dance at People’s Liberation Army Arts College, a school in which students need to take part in military-style (军队风格的) practices. _____43__________ At the age of 16, he stood out with his manners and was personally handpicked to play the lead role of Jia Baoyu in TV drama A Dream of Red Mansions (红楼梦) by the director Li Shaohong.“He looks righteous (正气的) and innocent (纯真的), seemingly having no knowledge of the darkness in the world,” commented d irector Li Shaohong.Now this Chinese actor has taken his home country by storm after being cast as Xiao Nai in the hit TV drama A Smile Is Beautiful (微微一笑很倾城) an adaptation of the best-selling book written by Gu Man. In the show, he stars as a handsome college student doing a computer science major. Many people think Yang is the right person for the role.However, life is not always plain sailing. He has suffered many ups and downs as well. __________44___________ “At the beginning, I didn’t know how to be an actor,” he told .__________45___________ After he starred in the films The Left Ear (左耳) in 2014 and The Lost Tomb (盗墓笔记) in 2015, Yang started to gain more recognition.“So many times he felt his acting was not good enough and asked to try it again. He couldn’t be more serious,” said Alec Su, director of movie The Left Ear.Key for Issue 6461. who2. has earned3. when4. founded5. are charged6. that7. choosing8. where 9. Though 10. taken 11. To get 12. As soon as 13. can 14. without 15. Even if 16. using17—26 C ABC BC AB B AC CD D A27—30 BDBC 31—35 ADABD 36—40 CBDAC 41. C42—45 AB B D A。

上海市七宝中学2016-2017学年高一英语周练卷1+Word版含答案

I. GrammarPlease mind the silenceDespite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve, means that ________ ________ you’re packed into an enclosed space with hundreds of other people, the morning commute (上下班) can leave you feeling somewhat isolated.One London resident, however, is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube here and ifs completely silent and ifs weird," says Jonathan Dunne, 42, an American living in London, who has, ironically, started _________ worldwide dialogue after giving out badges (徽章) with the slogan “Tube chat?” last month, encouraging commuters in London to get talking to one another. “I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million, expecting many refusals and most of them _________ (throw) away, but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed,” he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign ________(feature) in media across the world ever since, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the UK, as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances.Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback, not everyone agrees with his sentiment. Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of ________ own, handing out 500 badges with the word s ‘‘Don’t even think about it” on them.“I ________ hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to work,” he told the BBC. Michael Robinson, 24, a student from London, agrees. “Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet s ome people get on their journeys to and ________work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you,” he says. While London has its seemingly antisocial set of regulations to follow, not everywhere lacks a sense of community.Does Dunne hope that some of this community spirit ______ ____(mirror) in the UK following his campaign? “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, ________ I don’t, but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to,” he says.“On Monday, Oct 10, the curator (馆长) of the London Transport Museum had me over for tea.”So if you ever end up ________ (use) public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you? Just make sure to check for a badge first.II. VocabularyThe rise in stories describing events that never happened, often involving fake people in fake places, has led to Facebook and Google’s _______ to deal with them. But are we really so easy to fool? According to several studies, the answer is yes: even the most obvious fake news starts to become believable if it’s _______ enough times.In the months running up to the US election there was a surge(大浪) in fake news. Accordingto an analysis by Craig Silverman, a journalist, during this time the top 20 fake stories in circulation________ the top 20 stories from 19 mainstream publishers.Paul Horner, a creative publisher of fake news, has said he believes Donald Trump was elected because of him. “My sites were picked up by Trump supporters all the time… His followers don’t fact-check anything –they’ll post everything, believe anything,” he told the Washington Post.Silverman previously ________ rumours circulating online in 2014 and found that shares and social interactions around fake news articles dwarfed(使...相形见绌) those of the articles that exposed them. According to Silverman, fake news stories are engineered to appeal to people’s hopes and fears, and aren’t ________ by reality, which gives them the edge in creating shareable content.You might think y ou’re immune to falling for these lies, but a wealth of research disagrees. Back in the 1940s, researchers found that “the more a rumour is told, the more ________ it sounds”. They suggested this means that a rumour born out of mild suspicion can, by gaining currency, shift public thinking and opinion.This false impression of truth was ________ practically in 1977 when researchers in the US quizzed college students on the actuality of statements that they were told may be true or false. The researchers found that simply repeating the statements at a later date was enough to increase the ________ of the students believing them.Last year, Lisa Fazio at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee and her team found that students become more likely to believe a statement that they know must be false if it is repeated.“Our research suggests that false news can and likely does affect people’s _______. Even ifpeople are conscious that a headline is false, reading it multiple times will make it seem more trustworthy,” Fazio says.Reassuringly, the team found that a person’s knowledge still has a large influence over their beliefs, but it’s still a worrying ________ given that falsehoods appear repeatedly in our newsfeeds every day.III.ClozeTwo key climate change indicators — global surface temperatures and Arctic sea ice extent —have broken numerous records through the first half of 2016, according to NASA analyses of ground-based observations and satellite data. Each of the first six months of 2016 set a record as the warmest ________ month globally in the modern temperature record, which ______1880, according to scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York. The six-month period from January to June was also the planet's warmest half-year on record, with a(n) ________ temperature 1.3 degrees Celsius (2.4 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the late nineteenth century.Five of the first six months of 2016 also _______ the smallest respective monthly Arctic sea ice _______ since regular satellite records began in 1979, according to analyses developed by scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, in Greenbelt, Maryland. The one _____, March, recorded the second smallest for that month.______ these two key climate indicators have broken records in 2016, NASA scientists said it is more significant that global temperature and Arctic sea ice are continuing their decades-long trends of change. Both trends are ultimately driven by rising _______ of heat-trapping carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The extent of Arctic sea ice at the peak of the summer melt season now typically ______ 40 percent less area than it did in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Arctic sea ice extent in September, the seasonal low point in the annual cycle, has been _______ at a rate of 13.4 percent per decade."While the El Niño event in the tropical Pacific this winter _______ the gaining global temperatures from October, it is the basic trend which is producing these record numbers," GISS Director Gavin Schmidt said.______ El Niño events have driven temperatures to what were then record levels, such as in 1998. But in 2016, even as the effects of the recent El Niño wear off, global temperatures have risenwell beyond those of 18 years ago _______ the overall warming that has taken place in that time.The global trend in rising temperatures falls behind the regional _____ in the Arctic, said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist at NASA Goddard."It has been a record year so far for global temperatures, but the record high temperatures in the Arctic over the past six months have been even more extreme," Meier said. "This warmth as well as unusual weather ______ have led to the record low sea ice extents so far this year."21. A. resistant B. respective C. resolved D. remote22. A. makes sense of B. keeps up with C. dates back to D. goes ahead of23. A. average B. ordinary C. common D. temporary24. A. confirmed B. witnessed C. involved D. conducted25. A. standard B. content C. amount D. extent26. A. datum B. example C. month D. exception27. A. While B. When C. After D. As28. A. combinations B. reductions C. concentrations D. applications29. A. includes B. covers C. approaches D. indicates30. A. increasing B. changing C. declining D. moving31. A. ended up with B. gave rise to C. broke away from D. resulted from32. A. Frequent B. Natural C. Disastrous D. Previous33. A. in return for B. in case of C. in spite of D. because of34. A. warming B. falling C. gathering D. changing35. A. forecasts B. varieties C. patterns D. illustrationsIV. Translation (If you have any doubt, refer to the passage.)1.大家都很开心除了昆虫。

2016年上海英语高考试题文档版(含答案)

绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

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第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Diary (June 13-19)□13SUN□14MON 17 for after-class activity application□15TUE□16WED Handing in three student 18□17THU Basketball Club meetingTime:12:45—1:30pm Place: The 19□18FRI Filling in a form with up-to-date personal dataTime: 20 break Place: The computer room□19SATBlank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Who is Sue Walter? She is 21 in court and a writer.What is Sue’s suggestion for people with difficulties? 22In Sue’s eyes, what is the best part about her job? 23 in decision-making.What does Sue think happiness is? 24II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly —we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was. 学.科网(B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountB. adjustableC. appliancesD. captureE. decorationsF. directG. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeezeGolden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honoured B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractivenessSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishedsattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.“Is it good?” I asked her.“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scattered①where they lay,…①散乱的The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重I’ll miss her harum-scarum③noise, ③莽撞的And look in vain④for scattered toys. ④徒劳地And I’ll be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.“It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.“What’s wrong?” my mother asked.“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A. It was a thick enough book.B. Something on its cover caught her eye.C. Her mother was reading it with interest.D. It has a meaningful title.67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.A. sadB. excitedC. horrifiedD. confused68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.A. it reflected her own childhoodB. it was written in simple languageC. it was composed by a famous poetD. it gave her a hint of what would happen69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.A. discover the power of poetryB. recognize her love for puzzlesC. find her eagerness to grow upD. experience great homesickness（B）Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere a nd set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.3.5℃This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Parispromises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water anddrive over half of all species to extinction.2℃To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets everyfive years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought(干旱) and drive a declineof up to a third in the number of species.1.5℃This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push bylow-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃could savethem from sinking.0.8℃This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of theway to the 2℃point.0℃The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?A. The human population would increase by one third.B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.A. 0.8℃B. 1.5℃C. 2℃D. 3.5℃(C)Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal informatio n have become valuable only recently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If pr operly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.73. What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark schemeB. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thinkC. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scaleD. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years oldB. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understandC. the information they collected could become more valuable in futureD. it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websitesB. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemarkC. take no further action if they can find a kitemarkD. avoid providing too much personal information77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed ti reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.A xix-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at anytime of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up”escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up”escalators will be used for_________________.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。

上海市各区2016届高三英语一模汇编：阅读理解A篇(带答案精准校对)(20200223154049)

One【2016届上海市虹口区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In job interviews, we’re often asked about our strengths and weaknesses. And, as a matter of fact, most of us know automatically how to respond.Common wisdom tells us to use faux weaknesses, which means things that are strengths described as negatives and turned into positives. You might even be able to change your weaknessinto a skill for a job you’re not fully qualified for.In America, in a championship game you are unlikely to see athletes showing weakness. Ifthe athletes become hurt in this game, they will hide their injuries —they don’t want their competitors to know their weak spots. But there is absolutely no need for us to act like this inbusiness affairs.At work and in business, you can have shortcomings because these can be overcome andturned into strengths. The only fatal thing is to not realize that all your weaknesses can be madestrong. Of course, to make up for shortcomings, you must first be aware of what your weaknessesreally are.Have you ever wondered what has happened when you interview for a job you’re fullyqualified for, but it goes to someone who doesn’tseem to be qualified at all? How would thatperson get the job when he had none of the qualifications listed in the job ad?That applicant figured out the business pain point that is seldom, if ever, mentioned in the jobad, and then how to address it. He didn’t talk about how he met each of the requirements on the job ad. He had none of the qualifications. He asked questions instead. He asked probing (探询的) questions to learn more about the business pain. By doing so, this less-qualified person soonlearned that the hiring managers needed something different from what was listed in the job ad.Not accepting the job ad as an unquestionable truth is the key. There is no reason to think thathiring managers actually know what they need when they write job ads. They may need someonecompletely different from what they describe. That is why you can get a job that you’re notqualified for.66. The underlined word “faux” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “__________”.A. incorrectB. illogicalC. falseD. imaginary67. What exactly does the author advise you to do when you are a weak candidate for a job?A. Don’t ask questions if you think you are a weak candidate.B. Ask questions about the job until you find you have something to offer.C. Don’t let your interviewer know your weaknesses but tell him your strengths.D. Ask questions according to the job description to see if you can be a qualified candidate.68. Why does the author think an applicant can get a job that he’s not qualified for?A. Because hiring managers may change their mind in the job interview.B. Because hiring managers may actually need someone who can ask questions.C. Because the applicant may not know that he actually has the required qualifications.D. Because hiring managers may not know what they actually need when writing the ad.69. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. You can change you weaknesses into strengths in job interviews.B. Don’t expose your weaknesses but show your strengths in job interviews.C. Find out the business pain point not mentioned in the job ad in job interviews.D. Hiring managers usually don’t know what qualifications they really need.Keys: 66-69: CBDATwo【2016届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Rosalind Franklin always liked facts. She was logical and precise,and impatient with things that were otherwise. She decided to become ascientist when she was 15. She passed the examination for admission toCambridge University in 1938, and it sparked a family crisis. Althoughher family was well-to-do and had a tradition of public service and charity,her father disapproved of university education for women. He refused to pay. An aunt stepped inand said Franklin should go to school, and she would pay for it. Franklin’s mother also took her side until her father finally gave in.She was invited to King’s College in London to join a team of scientists. The leader ofthe team assigned her to work on DNA with a graduate student. Franklin’s assumption was that it was her own project. The laboratory’s second-in-command, Maurice Wilkins, was on vacation at the time, and when he returned, their relationship was puzzling. He assumed she was to assist his work; she assumed she’d be the only one working on DNA. They had powerful personality differences as well: Franklin direct, quick, decisive, and Wilkins shy, hesitant, and passive.In 1953, Wilkins changed the course of DNA history by disclosing, without Franklin’s permission, her Photo 51 to competing scientist James Watson, who was working on his own DNA model with Francis Crick at Cambridge. Upon seeing the photograph, Watson said, “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race,” according to author Brenda Maddox who wrote the book Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA.The two scientists did in fact use what they saw in Photo 51 as the basis for their famous model of DNA, which they published on March 7, 1953, and for which they received a Nobel Prize in 1962. Crick and Watson were also able to take most of the credit for the finding: they included a footnote acknowledging that they were “stimulated by a general knowledge”of Franklin’s and Wilkin’s unpublished contribution, when much of their work was rooted in Franklin’s photo and findings. Franklin didn’t know that these men based their article on her research, and she didn’t complain either, likely as a result of her upbringing. Franklin “didn’t do anything that would invite criticism… (that was) bred into her,” Maddox said.66. Wilkins’ relationship with Franklin was characterized by __________.A. unity and harmonyB. confusion and competitionC. cooperation and miscommunicationD. misunderstanding and conflict67. What does Watson mean by saying “My jaw fell open and my pulse began to race”?A. He was confused that Crick had not made this discovery.B. He was surprised that Wilkins had discovered this information.C. He was satisfied with the importance of Photo 51.D. He was anxious about the progress Wilkins and Franklin had made.68. What is Brenda Maddox’s main intention according to the quote in the last paragraph?A. To re-evaluate the importance of the DNA model.B. To criticize King’s College and Cambridge.C. To emphasize Franklin’s importance in science.D. To deny Watson’s and Crick’s contribution to science.69. Franklin’s career as a scientist demonstrates _____________.A. that her work was pointing at the most difficult problemB. that she was the only female scientist during the periodC. the importance of DNA in modern scienceD. that perseverance leads to success and recognition of field scientistsKeys: 66—69 CBCDThree【2016届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In a class this past December, after I wrote some directions on the board for students abouttheir final examination, one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smartphone. When I looked in her direction, she apologized, “Sorry. Was it wrong to take a picture?“I can’t read my own handwriting,” the young woman explained. “It’s best if I take a pictu of your writing so I can understand the notes.”That remark started a class-wide conversation about taking a picture instead of taking notes.For those in the photo-taking camp, motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehendtheir own handwriting. Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safeplace to store material. They might lose pape r, they reasoned, but they wouldn’t lose their phones.Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had notedinformation on the board. Others told me that during class they liked to be able to listen to thediscussion attentively.Yet the use of cameras as note takers, though it may be convenient, does raise significantquestions for the classroom. Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?Instructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merelyrecording necessary information—it helps prepare the way for understanding. Encouragingstudents to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method, but just because a methodhas a long history doesn’t mean it’s out of date. Writing things down engages a student’listening, visual, and kinesthetic(触觉的) learning—a view supported by a longstanding research.The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory, and toprocess and combine it, establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.Taking a picture does indeed record the information, but it deletes some of the necessarymental engagement that taking notes employs. So can the two be equally effective?66. The woman apologized in the class because she_____________.A. had the bad handwritingB. missed the teachers’ directionsC. took a picture of the boardD. disturbed other students’ learning67. According to the passage, which of the following may NOT explain students’ reluctance totake notes?A. They lack proper techniques for taking notes.B. They want to listen more attentively in class.C. They believe smart phones are much safer for storing notes.D. They want to have the exact version of the notes on the board.68. According to the passage, taking notes by hand_____________.A. requires students to think independentlyB. helps students actively participate in learningC. proves to be an old and useless learning methodD. seems unsuitable for students to learn new ideas69. What is the main idea of this passage?A. The traditional way of note-taking should be replaced.B. A modern way of note-taking is catching on.C. Note-taking by hand is not out of date.D. A picture is worth a thousand words.Keys: 66—69 CABCFour【2016届上海市长宁区高三英语一模】Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)“When I Have Death is a serious theme worthy of great poets. For example, John Keats’sFea rs That I May Cease to Be” and John Donne’s “Death, Be Not Proud” both discuss death in reflective ways. However, the imagery (意象) in these poems shows that while Keats believes thatdeath can only destroy, Donne believes that death can be overcome.Keats is afraid of death, because to him death means the loss of those things that make hislife worth living: “On the shore/ of the wide world I stand alone, and think / Till Love and Fame tonothingness do sink.” Earlier in the poem, Keats says that he hopes this “Love” will be a romance” with a “fair creature.” He also says that he hopes the “Fame” he seeks will be the of the “high piled books” produced by his “crowded brain.” In other words, Keats’s fea death is a “nothingness” that will arrive before he can finish his life’s work or find his tru Donne has a different attitude toward death, and so the imagery in his poem is different, too.s,To Donne, death should “be not proud,” because it is not “mighty and dreadful.” Unlike K Donne sees death as weak and merely a “slave to Fate, chance, kings, and desperate men.”the sleep ofsays that death is like “rest and sleep”. Donne believes that we will all wake fromdeath to everlasting life, just as we wake from our normal sleep to our everyday lives. In fact,Donne believes that only death itself will die: “One short sleep past, we wake forever, / And Death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.”Keats and Donne both know that death is a part of life, and both poets use powerful imageryto talk about that difficult theme. The differences in this imagery show two very different attitudestoward the subject, one of which is much more positive than the other. Which poet to believe is upto the reader to decide.Not surprisingly, the readers’ own experiences may play a part in the way they respond tothese poets’ approaches. Like the two poets and their beliefs, contemporary readers also may beand Donne’s poetr y remains fascinatingdivided on the subject. This may explain why Keats’syears after their own deaths.66. According to the passage, _________ makes Keats’s life worth living.A.expressing his grand passion for poetryB. walking on the shore with a pretty ladyC. defeating nothingness with his true loveD. pursuing the fame of being a romantic poet67. In Donne’s poems he believes that death is ______.A. generally powerful and terribleB. only a ceaseless sleepC. merely the loss of work and loveD. hardly worth the fear_____.68. Contemporary readers may view the two poets’ serious subject differently because ___A. they are attracted to the two poets’ everlasting opposite beliefsB. they are divided naturally by their positive or negative personalitiesC. their own life experiences affect the understandings of the poemsD. their preferences for the poets’ strong imageries are various69. Which of the following best describes the main writing style of the passage?A. Analysis.B. Argument.C. Comparison.D. Reasoning.Keys:66—69 ADCCFive【2016届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dad,I’m writing to you as I feel it’s been quite a while since we last spoke (two years to be exact, you hung up on me). So how is Germany? How old are your other children now? What have youbeen up to this year? I finished my A-levels this summer. But enough small talk. On our Europeanroad trip in the summer, the journey took us close to your house and I asked Mum and my stepdadif we could pay a visit so that I could see you. Outside your house, I couldn’t bring myself out of the car and knock on the door.I’ve tried so many different forms of communication －email, the phone and I alsosuggested Skype. Yet I still can’t get through to you.My mum, stepdad and I sat around the table trying to work out why I had felt unable to knockon your door that day. At last it came to me. I think, perhaps subconsciously, I was saving myselfthe grief of your response.Why can’t your parental obligations stretch to all three of your children, not just your tworecent ones? In our previous conversations, which ended suddenly, as your older son needed to beput to bed, I’d ask you how he was doing at school, and you’d talk about the weather. No one listening would be able to tell there was any difference between our relationship and one youmight have with a neighbour.Forget your excuses – that the flight to visit me is expensive and that you need to look afteryour other children (I hope you can see the irony(讽刺) in that). While you watch their schoolve liked you to be there at mine?plays, don’t you consider that I would haPerhaps the reason I didn’t knock on your door was that I just don’t care anymore. I’mexhausted trying to make this work. Maybe a part of me wasn’t actually bothered whether I sawyou or not that day —you’ve already los t so much meaning in my life; you are someone who justsends me a birthday card.This isn’t me being bitter, although I was initially. It’s just a way of telling you how I really feel.Phoebe66. How did Phoebe feel when she was sitting in the car outsid e her father’s house?A. ExcitedB. PuzzledC. DisappointedD. Embarrassed67. Based on this letter, we can learn that Phoebe’s father _____________.A. lives in the same city with his daughterB. got divorced and left Phoebe and her motherC. has never had any communication with PhoebeD. takes good care of all his childrenirony” refer to in Paragraph 5?68. What does the “A. He ended his conversation with Phoebe just to put his son to bed.B. He lives in a big house but has no money to buy an air ticket.C. He talked with Phoebe, his daughter, as if with a neighbour.D. Phoebe is also his child but he excuses himself from caring about her.69. Phoebe didn’t knock on her father’s door that day because _____________.expected responses to her visitA. she was afraid of his dad’s unB. she didn’t want to bother her father’s happy life with his current familyC. she was tired of being the one who make efforts for their relationshipD. she suddenly realized that her father had no meaning in her lifeKeys: 66-69 CBDCSix【2016届上海市闵行区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.Using your NatWest Service CardAs a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a cheque guarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.Using your NatWest Cash CardYou can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash fromover 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have inyour account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.Using your cards abroadYou can also use your Service Card and Cash Card when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see theCirrus or Maestro logo displayed.We take a commission charge(手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to￡4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro topay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.Using your NatWest Credit CardWith your credit card you can do the following:-free credit.＊Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days’ interest＊Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.＊Collect one AIR MILE for every￡20 of spending that appears on your statement (结cheques bought, interest算单). (This does not include foreign currency or traveler’sand other charges.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ____________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ___________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.。

上海市七宝中学高三上学期周测卷英语试题3 含答案

Test for Issue 468Grammar 10%+10%The tale of Robinson Crusoe, a British sailor who gets trapped on a faraway island, _____1_____ (tell) for hundreds of years. Since British writer Daniel Defoe’s 1719 novel came out, the story has been made into numerous plays, films and TV series.But just when you think there is ____2____ more you can get from this classic adventure tale, here is yet another Robinson Crusoe film –The Wild Life by Belgium’s nWave animation studio. It’s been out in the Chinese mainland _____3____ Oct 4.The Wild Life tells the story in a quite different way. Yes, there is a guy named Robinson Crusoe who finds himself trapped on an island after a terrible storm on the sea. But that’s it. There are no cannibals, no murders and no slaves being traded.Instead, the narrator has changed from Crusoe himself to a chatty parrot named Mak. The whole story is also told from the animals’ point of view, including a chameleon, a hedgehog and a goat. They go from seeing their homeland invaded by a human to slowly ____4____ (become) friends with him.This is actually quite a smart move, _____5_____ (consider) this year’s animal fever in movies from Zootopia to The Secret Life of Pets. Even the villains in The Wild Life have been changed from dangerous local island people to a group of evil cats from a ship. Family-friendly _____6______ animals seem to make this film, this alone does not mean a story will be great. The Wild Life isn’t as in-depth as Zootopia. The animal characters _____7_____ make it hard for audiences to relate to them emotionally.“____8____ much humor, and with a very straightforward story, there isn’t a lot to hook you into the tale,” noted US film writer Katie Walsh in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. “There’s a message about accepting outsiders without judgment and _____9_____ (work) together as a team, and another message about an island life versus a civilized one, but all of it ____10____ (present) without much complication.”1 _____________ 2. _____________ 3. _____________ 4. _____________ 5. _______________ 6. ____________ 7. ______________ 8. ____________ 9. _____________ 10._______________They are the great modern designs that were built in the last century. But ___11____ a lack of proper protection, many of them have been destroyed. Luckily, some have stood the test of time.A national list of architectural masterpieces was released in Beijing on Sept 29 to remind people of _____12_____ (disappear) heritage, reported China Daily. A total of 98 unique structures have been included in the first edition of the 20th Century Chinese Architectural Heritage List.“Many of the ____13____ (include) structures have many stories to tell and have seen historical events, so they are alive,” Shan Jixiang, / head of the Chinese Society of Cultural Relics, told China Daily.Despite China’s recent efforts____14____ (protect)its traditional architecture, a lot of it has been destroyed, partly _____15_____ there is not enough public awareness.“To architects, the buildings we designed are ____16_____ daughters to us. We married off our beloved daughters only ____17_____ (find) them not being taken care of,” Ma Guoyong, an expert at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said in an interview with Chinanews website.The new list will make people realize the importance of keeping more recent architectural sites for future generations. “When they restore them, they _____18______ be treated as cultural heritage sites rather than general construction. Otherwise, historical information ___19___ (lose),” said Sha n.“Masterpieces of the 20th century prove that Chinese architects’ spirit and skills were passed down well,” he added. “And they deserve ____20_____ (pass) on to modern times.”11. _____________ 12. ______________ 13. _____________ 14. _____________15. _________16. ____________ 17. _______________ 18. _____________ 19. ____________ 20 __________Vocabulary 10%Van Gogh was a Dutch Post painter who is among the most famous and influential ____21_____ in the history of Western art. In just over a decade he created about 2100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two years of his life. They include landscapes, still lifes, portraits and self-portraits, and are _____22____ by bold, symbolic colors, and dramatic, impulsive and highly expressive brushwork that contributed to the foundations of modern art. He sold only one painting during his lifetime and became famous after his suicide at age 37, which ____23____ years of poverty and mental illness.On Sept 30, two Van Gogh paintings – Seascape at Scheveningen (1882) and Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church in Nuenen (1884–1885) – that were stolen in 2002 from the Van Gogh Museum in the Netherlands were ____24_____ in Italy after 14 years.Both of the paintings were found without their frames, but seemed to be in good condition despite their long journey, according to the Van Gogh Museum.The paintings, ____25____ to be worth a total of €100 million (749.74 million yuan), aren’t among Van Gogh’s most famous. But the importance of the works comes from the ___26____ he painted.Seascape at Scheveningen is one of the only two seascapes that the Dutch post-impressionist painted during his years in the city of The Hague. It shows a boat sailing into a stormy sea. The thick paint “is a beautiful example of Van Gogh’s early style of painting, already showing his special ______27______”, the museum _____28______.Congregation Leaving the Reformed Church in Nuenen is a small work of art that Van Gogh painted for his mother in early 1884. It shows the church of the Reformed Church community in Nuenen, where Van Gogh’s father was a priest. In 1885, after his father’s de ath, Van Gogh changed the painting and added the people in the foreground, among them a few women in black shawls that are worn when loved ones have died. This may be a ____29____ to his father’s death.“The strong connections to his own life make this a w ork of great _____30______ value,” the Van Gogh Museum commented.Cloze 12%Small talk –the likes of “What do you have there? Popcorn?” or “The weather today is beautiful, isn’t it?” – is meaningless and a waste of time, according to some people. But scientists believe that it is actually more useful than it _____31______ to be.One example comes when you are on a train or a plane. The thought of talking to the stranger sitting beside you ____32____ be scary, because you know the conversation is sure to be ____33______. But a study by the University of Chicago in the US found that people who chat to strangers enjoy a better ride than those who sit _____34_____ or bury themselves in their phones.In the study, researchers asked real-life people at Chicago train stations to start conversations with ______35______ travelers. Most of them refused to do so at first because they _____36_____ get a friendly answer. But the result turned out to be just the opposite –most strangers were not only willing to be talked to, but also pleasant to talk to.“Human beings are social animals,” Nicholas Epley, one of the lead researchers, told Live Science. “Other people are people, too. And it turns out that they’d like to get to know you.”______37______ making you happier, small talk with strangers can also help you feel connected to your surroundings. Previous studies found that when people are frequently smiled at, made eye contact with and spoken to at coffee shops, they ______38______ have a stronger sense of belonging instead of feeling like they are being ignored and left out.And if you are already _____39______ enough to make small talk with strangers, you should try to develop it into something “bigger”.A 2010 study proved that having a deep and meaningful conversation gives you even more ______40_____ than small talk. Participants in the study – 79 college students – reported after the four-day experiment that they were much happier when they had a third as much small talk and twice as many in-depth conversations.But deep conversations can start with small talk, can’t they? So the first step is to start talking, no matter how _____41_____ the topic is. And who knows, maybe an opening line as simple as “I like your hat” could lead to a serious conversation _____42______ you learn something new from a stranger.Reading 8%Do you know who Stefani Germanotta is? Perhaps not, but you almost certainly know the pop star Lady Gaga, who has become wildly popular in the US and all over the world.The 30-year-old is famous for her cutting-edge pop videos and strange fashion sense. _________43________ She is going to perform at the Super Bowl 51 halftime show, the yearly championship game of the National Football League, the highest level of professional American football in the world. Her performance will take place on Feb 5, 2017.The singer confirmed the reports on her Twitter account on Sept 29, writing that she’ll bethere for sure. “It’s not an illusion. The rumors are true. This year the SUPER BOWL goes GAGA!” she wrote.With an audience of about 100 mi llion viewers, the show will follow Lady Gaga’s return to pop. _________44_________ She released duets album Cheek to Cheek with Tony Bennett, an experienced US singer, and won a Golden Globe as an actress on American Horror Story: Hotel._________45________On Sept 9, she released a new high-energy song called Perfect Illusion. She has said that the lyrics of Perfect Illusion describe social media. “There are also a lot of things on the internet that are not reality. And I think people are pressured to keep that personal illusion going on in their real lives.” Gaga said.Perfect Illusion is the first single from her fourth solo album Joanne, which will be released on Oct 21. _______46________ “Returning to your family and where you came from, and your hist ory, this is what makes you strong,” she told People magazine.Keys:1 has been told 2. nothing 3. since 4. becoming 5. considering6. as/ though7. may/ might8. Without9. working 10. is presented11. through/ for 12. disappearing 13. included 14. to protect 15. because16. like 17. to find 18. should 19. will be lost 20. to be passed/ passing21. AB 22. ABC 23.A 24. B 25. AD 26. C 27. BC 28. D 29. AC 30. BD31-42 B, D, C, B, A, B, B, C, A, D, C, A43-46 D, A, B, AB。

上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三上学期摸底考试英语试题 Word版含答案

七宝中学2017-2018学年高三第一学期摸底考试（满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）I. Listening 30%Section A1. A. At home. B. At an airport.C. On a highway.D. At the bus stop.2. A. A salesman. B. A policemanC. A waiter.D. A hairdresser.3. A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied.C. Understanding.D. Appreciative.4. A. Mike is always punctual. B. Mike will be late for the meeting.C. Mike always breaks his word.D. Mike has lots of gold.5. A. He has a bad cough. B. He has a headache.C. He feels very tired.D. He has a toothache.6. A. He is lazy. B. He is proud.C. He is careless.D. He is selfish.7. A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter.C. Mother and son.D. Customer and saleswoman.8. A. An assistant. B. A teacher.C. A lawyer.D. An insurance agent.9. A. The man is a gardener. B. The man seems pale.C. The man is new to the job.D. The man is very careful.10. A. He failed an exam. B. He quarreled with his friend.C. He wasn’t elected monitor.D. He got a bad cold.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The Seventh Duchess (公爵夫人) wanted to start a custom.B. Wealthy people loved showing off their fine china cups.C. Wealthy people enjoyed eating something in the late afternoon.D. Duchess Anna liked the company of others in her sitting room.12. A. Cream tea. B. Full tea. C. Low tea. D. Regular tea.13. A. The routine of afternoon tea. B. The dress code for afternoon tea.C. The facilities for afternoon tea.D. The introduction to afternoon tea. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. To explain how to be a competitive swimmer.B. To find support from parents for scholarship contributions.C. To enroll swimmers with real enthusiasm for swimming.D. To raise funds for a swimming competition.15. A. Parents of swimmers. B. Tennis coaches.C. Candidates for the swim team.D. Competitive runners.16. A. It is a lifelong sportB. It may influence academic studies..C. It is less demanding than other sports.D. It does not offer many financial rewards.Section C (8%)Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation·Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar 16*1Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AIt’s s aid that today more than $400 billion a year is spent on advertising worldwide. Beyond that the economic impact of advertising touches justabout every consumer-product industry, from cars to chocolate. An advertisement reaches its consumers by means of TV and radio broadcasting, newspapers and magazines, direct mail billboards and posters, the Internet, and many other forms. As the case ___25____(stand), it is widely recognized that the global economy is being driven to a great extent by advertisements.A successful advertisement ____26_____(involve) at least three things. The advertisers will first of all identify the market. That is, they need to work out who will buy the product ___27____ question. Then, ____28____(identify) the market, they will work out the best way to meet the needs of this market. So they will take into account __29___ number of desires or worries the target consumers may have. Do they have the desire to be popular? Are they afraid of falling ill? Lots of questions like these might be raised. Finally, they will design the advertising programme. That is, they will study what words and images their advertisement should contain and what slogans they intend to make use of. Then celebrities are sometimes employed and invited to back up the product. Scientific data are often quoted as a means of adding truthful value to the ___30____(advertise) product.In everyday life consumers have seen lots of successful examples of advertisements. For example, Kodak, Nike, Coca-Cola, and McDonald’s are all very successful in attracting and selling to their customers.____31___, there are also many examples of advertisements that do not seem to reach the expected goal. One such example was related to McDonald’s first arrival in Brazil. Their advert isements suggested that people eat McDonald’s hot hamburgers “at a picnic at the beach.” By doing this, they failed to cater to the Brazilian customs of consuming cold things, such as beer, soft drinks, ice cream, and sandwiches, at a beach picnic. Brazilians do not consider a hot hamburger proper beach food.In advertising, ____32_____, the designers have to be highly culture-conscious when planning to carry out an international programme in a foreign country. Study the cultural background of the potential customers, or spoil the advertising programme!BThings that move obey certain laws. Three important laws of motion were established by Isaac Newton (1642～1727).NEWTON Ⅰ: INERTIANewton’s first law of motion seems simple: Objects at rest tend to remain at rest, ___33___ moving ones continue to move at a uniform speed in a straight line---____34____ acted upon by an outside force. This resistance to change is called inertia, and it explains a lot of everyday experiences no matter where you happen to live.One is that when the car or airplane you’re in begins to move, your body is pushed back___ 35_____ the seat. That is, it tends to remain at rest _36____ _____ _______ the forward-moving force of the vehicle transferred to you through the seat. ____37___ aspect of this law shows that the normal courses for freely moving objects is a straight line. That explains why, when you whirl something around your head---such as a ball on a string---and then let it go, the ball flies straight. It ___38___ keeps circling your head nor does it move off in a sweeping curve.NEWTON Ⅱ: F=MANewton’s second law relates the amount of force need ed to move an object to the object’s mass and its acceleration.Push a child in a swing, or ride a planet around the sun, and you’re using Newton’s second law of motion, which states that _____39_______ you want to change the speed or direction of something, you have to apply an appropriate force. The bigger the mass or the larger the intended a cceleration, the greater the necessary force. This law’s formula allows engineers tocalculate what’s required to launch a jet fighter from an aircraft carrier, or how strong a seat belt__ 40_____ be to restrain, say, a 160-pound person when his car stops suddenly while travelling at 60 mph.III. Vocabulary 20*1.5=30Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the boxes. Each word can only be used once. Note that in each box there is one word more than you need.AA.wayB. labelC. stereotypesD. situated AB. foreign AC. studies AD. references BC. address BD. politely CD. insulting ABC. respectivelyThe US is often called a “melting pot” full of people of different colors, races and religions. But there has long been a problem about how to properly ___41___ different races and ethnic minorities. On May 20, US President Barack Obama signed a bill that will remove some old racial language from US law.The bill, which Obama signed during Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, will get rid of all___42____ to “Orientals”, “Negroes”, “Indians” and “Eskimos”, and replace them with “Asian Americans”, “African Americans”, “Native Americans” and “Alaska Natives” ___43______.“The word ‘Oriental’ is an ___44___ and very old-fashioned term, and it’s __45___ past timefor the United States government to stop using it,” Grace Meng, the New York Democrat who proposed the changes, said in a statement.Mae M Ngai, a professor of Asian American ___46__ at Columbia University, explained why “Oriental” is often regarded as an offensive word. She told The New York Times that “Oriental” isa Eurocentric name: “You should call people by what they call themselves, not how they are__47___ in relation to yourself.”Jeff Yang, a reporter for the San Francisco Chronicle, also thinks that the image associated with the __48___ “Oriental” makes it insulting. “You can’t think of‘Oriental’ without having the smell of incense (香) and the sound of a gong (锣) kind in your head,” he said in an interview with NPR.The new bill sends the message that “oriental” is hardly an inoffensive word, according to Erika Lee, director of the Immigration History Research Center at the University of Minnesota.“In the US, the term ‘Oriental’ has been used to support the idea that Asians were or are forever ___49___ and could never become American. These ideas helped to justify racial discrimination and segregation ,” Le e told NBC News. Lee said that using the term only leads to more “inequality,disrespect, discrimination, and ___50___ towards Asian Americans, a group that is still not seen enough in American politics despite being the fastest-growing group in the US”.BMany of us have found ourselves trying to explain to friends and colleagues, “No, business travel isn’t as fun and fascinating as it seems.” Finally, there could be proof to___51___ this up.Researchers at the University of Surrey, in Britain, and Linnaeus University, in Sweden, have published a new study highlighting what they call “a ___52___ side of hypermobility(常飞行)”.The study, which combines existing research on the effects of frequent travel, finds three types of consequence: physiological, psychological and emotional, and social. The physiological ones are the most obvious. Jet ___53___ is the suffering travellers know best, although they may not foresee some of its more terrible potential effects, like speeding ageing or increasing the risk of heart attack and st roke. Then there’s the danger of deep-vein thrombosis(深静脉血栓), ___54___ to germs and radiation. And finall y, of course, business travellers tend to get less exercise and eat less healthily than people who stay ___55____The psychological and emotional damage of business travel is more abstract, but just as real. Frequent flyers experience “travel disorientation”from changing places and time zones so often. They also suffer___56___ stress, given that “time spent travelling will rarely be balanced through a reduced workload, and that there may be anxieties associated with work continuing to pile up while being away”. Due to the ___57___ from family and friends, “hypermobility is frequently a/an isolating experience,”the authors write. The accumulated impact can be astonishing and great.Finally, there are the social effects. Marriages suffer from the time apart, as does children’s behaviour. What is more, relationships tend to become more unequal, as the partner who stays at home is forced to take on more ___58___ duties. There’s a gender inequality here, since most business travellers are men. Friendships also suffer, as business travellers often “sacrifice local collective activities and instead ___59___ their immediate families when returning from trips”.Of course, these impacts are moderated by the fact that they fall disproportionately on a small part of the population that is already doing rather well. The “mobile elite(精英)”tend to have higher incomes and access to better health care than the population___60___ So these may be problems of the 1% (or the 3%, or the 5%). But they’re real enough regardless. By all means feel jealous of acquaintances' Instagram photos of exotic meals and faraway attractions. But harbour a small amount of concern as well.IV. Cloze: 16’Have you ever shouted, “The rent is too damn high”? Shaking wall and hidden disgusting bugs? You’re not ___61___. The ancient Romans experienced the same ___62___ with their apartments. From ___63___ landlords to sanitation problems, pests to smells, Roman urban living was no walk in the park.Even in the very early days of Rome, people were crowded together in uncomfortable ___64____. This collection of animals of every kind mixed together, made life miserable for common citizens. And the close contact spread diseases.Roman rented residence were called insulae, or islands, because they occupied whole blocks, with the roads flowing around them like water around an island. The insulae, often consisting of six to eight apartment blocks built around a staircase and central courtyard, __65___ poor workers who couldn’t afford a traditional domus, or private house.By the fourth century A.D., there were around 45,000 insulae in Rome, as ___66___ to fewer than 2,000 private homes. Many people were ___67___ into their quarters. Apartments on the lower floor would be the easiest for entry and exit –and therefore belong to thewealthy renters –while unfortunate individuals were___68___ on higher floors in tiny rooms.Though made of concrete brick, insulae were usually weakly built, ___69__ poor craftsmanship and little fund. They usually collapsed and killed passers-by. As a result, emperors restricted how high ___70___ could construct insulae. The maximum building height was 60 feet.According to law then, builders were supposed to make walls at least an inch and a half thick, so as to ___71____ the safetyof the building. However, it didn’t work so well, especially since building ___72___ were ignored by the landlords in order to save on the construction cost, and most renters were too poor to ____73___ landlords. Therefore, the life-threatening accidents usually happened. Even if insulae didn’t fall down, they could be so ___74___ as to be washed away in a flood. That's about the only time their inhabitants would have access to clean natural water, since there was rarely in-home plumbing(水管)in an apartment.What’s more, the insulae caught fire frequently leaving Rome with a vicious（恶意的）___75___ of houses burning down and collapsing, sales, then immediate reconstruction and fire once more time. Indeed, rather than being at the nature’s hands，some collapses were ___76___since the greedy landlords keep on tearing down the existing insulae and replacing them with higher and larger monsters in pursuit of more rents.61. A. lonely B. alone C. unique D. special62. A. annoyance B. complaint C. history D. consequence63. A. unfair B. gracious C. mean D. terrified64. A. basements B. mansions C. seasons D. quarters65. A. housed B. lived C. reserved D. organized66. A. exposed B. opposed C. switched D. related67. A. mixed B. filled C. invited D. squeezed68. A. arranged B. assigned C. thrown D. banned69. A.instead of B.thanks to C. regardless of D. except for70. A. builders B. architects C. landlords D. renters71. A. insure B. make sure C. assure D. ensure72. A. codes B. limitations C. reservations D. emphasis73. A. defeat B. alert C. charge D. object74. A. cheap B. vacant C. insignificant D. shaky75. A. cycle B. punishment C. treatment D. fate76. A. unexpected B. intentional C. restless D. thoroughV. Reading: (28+8)Part A 28’Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A) Dear XXX,From the momentI started rolling my dad’s tu be socksAnd shooting imaginaryGame-winning shotsIn the Great Western ForumI knew one thing was real:I fell in love with you.A love so deep I gave you my all —From my mind & bodyTo my spirit & soul.As a six-year-old boyDeeply in love with youI never saw the end of the tunnel.I only saw myselfRunning out of one.And so I ran.I ran up and down every courtAfter every loose ball for you.You asked for my hustleI gave you my heartBecause it came with so much more.I played through the sweat and hurtNot because challenge called meBut because YOU called me.I did everything for YOUBecause that’s what you doWhen someone makes you feel asAlive as you’ve made me feel.You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dreamAnd I’ll always love you for it.But I can’t love you obsessively for much longer.This season is all I have left to give.My heart can take the poundingMy mind can handle the grindBut my body knows it’s time to say goodbye.A nd that’s OK.I’m ready to let you go.I want you to know nowSo we both can savor every moment we have left together.The good and the bad.We have given each otherAll that we have.And we both know, no matter what I do nextI’ll always be that kidWith the rolled up socksGarbage can in the corner:05 seconds on the clockBall in my hands.5 ... 4 ... 3 ... 2 (1)Love you always,Kobe77. Who was this letter written to?A. Kobe’s father.B. Kobe’s wife.C. Basketball.D. Himself.78. When was the letter written?A. When Kobe found himself falling in love.B. When Kobe started rolling his dad’s tube socks.C. When someone made Kobe feel threatened.D. When Kobe decided to announce his retirement.79. Which of the following statements is FALSE?A. Kobe started his Laker dream at the age of six.B. The Great Western Forum is most probably a stadium.C. Kobe will give up the season because it is time to say goodbye.D. Kobe is suffering multiple physical injuries.BI love books that are great to read aloud, side-splittingly funny, hair-raisingly exciting and make me cry. Here are my top four children’s books.A book that made me cry:The Lorax by Dr. SeusThe Lorax’s doomed fight to save his beloved Truffula trees from extinction at the hands of the blue-armed capitalist called the Onceler, has that lovely mixture of humour, truth and pathos. “Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better, it’s not,” says the Onceler, throwing the Very Last Truffula Seed of Them All down to the child who is being told the story.At this point, if you are not in tears, you have a heart of stone.● A book that made me want to be the heroine:Pippi Longstocking by Astrid LindgrenPippi Longstocking was so strong that she could lift a horse above her head. She had independent means, no visible parents, the cheek of several Peter Pans and her very own monkey.I longed to be her.● A book with a fantasy world I am tempted to believe is true:The Sword in the Stone by T.H. White“The best thing for being sad, is to learn something,” says Merlin, the magician who lives life backwards. This is a book about learning to be a hero, and it is funny and wise. The fight between the two knights with armour so heavy that they can barely move still makes me laugh out loud.● A book for your inner and your actual teenager:Holes by Louis SacharStanley Yelnats is a young delinquent who is pointlessly digging holes at Camp Green Lake as punishment for a crime he did not commit. A thrilling story of crime, redemption and how the past haunts the present.80. Which book is hair-raisingly exciting?A.The LoraxB. Pippi LongstockingC. The Sword in the StoneD. Holes81. Which of the following is true according to the article?A.The Lorax tells a thrilling story that may scare many children.B.Pippi Longstocking is a hero with special personality traits.C.The Sword in the Stone tells a story about a magician looking for a sword all his life.D.In Holes, Stanley Yelnats is wronged and punished.82. The following adjectives can be used to describe the features of the above four books except __________.A. imaginativeB. exclusiveC. thrillingD. humorousCNo woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myselfhave fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better -- or worse -- part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity's seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted lo thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat -- or even only somewhat overweight -- is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem -- too much fat and a lack of fiber -- than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory.83. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that____________.A. the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtueB. looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC. being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD. religious people are not necessarily virtuous84. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author_____________.A. had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB. could still prevent herself from going off the crackC. had to seek help from rich distant relativesD. had to wear highly fashionable clothes85. In human history, people's views on body weight_____________.A. were closely related to their religious beliefsB. changed from time to timeC. varied between the poor and the richD. led to different moral standards86. What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A. They should be more concerned with their overall life style.B. They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C. They should gain weight to look healthy.D. They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.DStudies have long shown a difference in cognitive ability between high- and low-income children, but for the first time, scientists have found a difference between low-income children growing up in rural areas and those growing up in urban environments.Researchers at Dartmouth College have found that children growing up in rural poverty score significantly lower on visual working memory tests than their urban counterparts. However, children in urban poverty score slightly lower on tests of verbal working memory.Working memory is the ability to keep information in mind while using that information to complete a task. It is a better predictor of academic success than IQ and is crucial to skills as diverse as reading, math processing, and decision making.The results of the Dartmouth study appear online in the Journal of Cognition and Development and will be included in the journal's next print edition. A PDF is available now upon request.The study results were also groundbreaking because they demonstrated a gap between the verbal and visual working memories of children living in rural poverty. None of the other groups included in the study -- kids from high-income rural, high-income urban, and low-income urban backgrounds -- performed significantly better in one area than the other.Follow-up research is needed to conclusively determine the cause of the disparities found in the study, but author Michele Tine, assistant professor of education and principal investigator in the Poverty and Learning Lab at Dartmouth, suggests they may be connected to seemingly minor differences in the daily lives of country- versus city-dwellers.For example, rural areas tend to have less noise pollution than urban ones, and chronic noise pollution has been shown to hurt verbal working memory. On the other hand, rural areas lack visual stimuli common in cities -- such as traffic, crowds, and signs -- and this may give rural children less opportunity to develop their visual working memory, Tine surmises.Previous research has shown environmental factors do not impact the cognitive ability of high-income children as much as low-income children, which is consistent with Tine's finding that wealthy children had almost identical working memory abilities, regardless of whether they lived in urban or rural environments.87. Children in rural poverty score lower in visual working memory because of _____.A. the long-term noise pollutionB. the lack of visual stimuliC. the shortage of audio-visual equipmentD. less opportunity to meet wealthy people88. What’s the value of Dartmouth study?A. It shows a difference between high- and low-income children.B. It finds out the factors that influence the development of cognitive ability.C. It finds a difference between low-income children in rural and urban areas.D. It proves working memory test have an advantage over IQ test.89. The underlined word “disparities” is closest in meaning to _____.A. differencesB. disapprovalsC. destructionsD. directions90. What can we learn from the passage?A. Wealthy kids in urban background perform better than their rural counterparts.B. Tine’s brave assumption has been proved by his follow-up researches.C. Tine’s finding doesn’t agree with the results of the previous researches.D. The results of Dartmouth study are only available online at the present time.Section B （8分）Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there two sentences more than you need.EThe Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 91 _ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 92 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200, 000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. It all depends on your character.No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 93 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.94 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. Those are the risks you should jump to take.B. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.C. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.D.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.AB. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. AC. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.第II卷（共46分）I. Translation22 % (4+4+4+5+5)1. 这次英语辩论赛之后，我意识到是愚蠢的骄傲蒙蔽了自己。

2016年上海市七宝中学高一(上)开学考英语试题

七宝中学2016学年新高一英语入学摸底考Ⅱ.Grammar 15%17.During the vacation, many parents take on the roles of driver as they drive their children from one lesson to________.A.anotherB.otherC.the othersD.others18. Life is like an ocean; only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.A.aB.theC./D.that19.I won’t give you any help________you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.A.unlessB.sinceC.ifD.even if20.Though I________ to go abroad for further study. I changed my mind and decided to stay with my family.A.had wantedB.wantedC.would wantD.did want21. The man was so surprised at________ that he did not try to escape or defend himself.A.discoveredB.discoveringC.to be discoveredD.being discovered22. Experiments ________that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age, as early as about two months.A.are provingB.will be provedC.are provedD.have proved23. Information has been put forward________more students will be admitted into universities.A.thatB.whileC.whenD.as24.The chairman thought________ necessary to invite Professor Johnson to speak at the meeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him25.The bell rang________ he had time to dash into the classroom to take the exam.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.until26. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just_______worries the public.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.which27. Professor Smith, ________for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.A.knowingB.knownC.to be knownD.having known28.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born________she could stay home and raise her family.A.in caseB.as ifC.only ifD.so that29. Hearing the dog breaking fiercely,_______.A.the thief was running awayB.away did the thief runC.the thief would run awayD.away ran the thief30. I ________ worry about about my weekend--I always have my plans ready before it comes.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.daren’tD.needn’t31.Mozart’s house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute”is a museum now.A.whereB.whenC.thereD.whichⅢ.Vocabulary 20%32.________ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, earthquake.A.AccumulatedB.GatheredC.BurdenedD.Collected33. If your car isn’t insured,you may ________ losing everything when it hits something solid.A.delayB.denyC.avoidD.risk34. According to the research, it takes 21 days to ________a new good habit.A.cultivateB.exchangeC.handlerm35. The figures in that report are not ________.You’d be tter do more detective work yourself.A.delicateB.strictC.accurateD.fixed36. ALDS control and prevention is a ________ to China as well as the whole world.A.surpriseB.challengeC.reactionD.threat37. I am used to traveling by air and only on one have I ever felt frighted.A.airportB.situationC.experienceD.occasion38. With the petrol used up, the boat________ along the river and finally reached the shore 5 hours later.A.flewB.struckC.droveD.drifted39. The aim of education is to teach people to think for themselves and not follow others________ .A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully40. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to ________ the pain, believing that it would go away sooner or later.A.shareB.realizeC.ignoreD.cause41. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can ________ when the unexpected will happen.A.proveB.implyC.demandD.predictSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. changeB. repeatedlyC. dependentD. limited AB. flexible AC. proper AD. respect BC. concepts BD. explained CD. freely ABC. figureIn giving advice, you must learn to understand the person’s level of judgment. There will be somepeople who come to you with unconnected knowledge, talking about, say, Vitamin B12 and other modern__42__. When they ask advice, begin at that level. Unless you start at their own level, they will not be ableto understand. You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat, and how theyneed to __43__ it.You have to train yourself to be very __44__. Staying at one level is not being a free man. If we stay ata very high level all the time, that is not practical. A limitless person goes __45__ from one level of thinking to another, according to his circumstances. To do this we must get rid of our unwillingness to change our way of thinking or behavior, become friends with everyone, and have the same loving feelingsfor everyone. Then we can give advice to all kinds of people. If there is someone or something you dislike,you are still __46__, and your ability to give advice is reduced. For anyone, the same. A free person actslike that.You cannot stay with a sick person all the time. You must __47__ a person’s freedom as much as youcan. If people really want to die, let them—it is their freedom. The point is never to become an authority__48__; remain a friend or advisor. People should not come back __49__ for consultation; if they do, youradvice has been incomplete—you did not know how to give the __50__ advice about freedom. If they donot understand that, sick people become slaves; they are still afraid inside, and are__51__. That is no wayto build a healthy world and help people become happy and free.IV.Cloze Test 15%Food for freeTo look or ‘forage’ for food growing in nature is nothing new. Human have done it for many thousandsof years. Even today cultures survive on only the wild food they find. Among others, foraging has become more of a __52__ activity, in France and Spain, __53__, many people look for mushrooms in the autumn. Foe the British, foraging was a very important way to keep healthy in the past, __54__ during the Second World War when there was less food in the shops. Ingredients __55__ rosehips, rich in vitamin C, nettles and seaweed were all used to improve their __56__.In recent decades foraging has often been something people do in developing countries, not developed ones. In developed countries, modern agricultural methods have led to __57__ in what people eat and where they get their food. With the growth of supermarkets, people can now buy seasonal foods any day of the year and they no longer need to forage. The pace of life these days is also faster. __58__, many people prefer to buy all their food from shops and supermarkets because it saves time and energy, both of which foraging requires.__59__, things are changing once again and in the last few years, foraging has become __60__ in those countries with supermarkets. You might think this new interest in wild food is because of __61__ problems and people wanting to cut their spending but __62__, this new trend began in the top restaurant of the world. In some of these restaurants, they use fresh __63__ ingredients to create elegant dishes of the highest quality. Some of them even employ professional foragers to find the seasonal ingredients used each day.This fashion for wild food is now spreading and more people are interested in going on causes or organized wild food walks to learn how to forage safely. These activities show people what plants, berries, fungi and nuts they can find and when and where they might grow. They teach people what plants __64__ mushrooms to be careful of and also how to prepare different wild foods so they are safe to eat. __65__, these courses or walks make people more aware of the seasons, their natural surroundings and the free food on offer. They are social and encourage people to be __66__ with nature. This might be something that good for us all.52.A. seasonal B. outdoor C. leisure D. cultural53.A. Even though B. On the one hand C. For example D. In a word54.A. simply B. purposefully C. generally D. especially55.A. such as B. for instance C. as if D. in case56.A. appearance B. diet C. health D. life57.A .safety B. confusion C. changes D. conclusion58.A. As a result B. Somehow C. Nevertheless D. Furthermore59.A. Though B. However C. Anyhow D. Moreover60.A .available B. unpopular C. useless D. fashionable61.A. practical B. technical C. financial D. agricultural62.A. in the end B. on the contrary C. in fact D. by contrast63.A. wild B. pure C. familiar D. sustainable64.A. except B. and C. like D. or65.A. So far B. Above all C. On the other hand D. In reality66.A. outside B. contact C. harmonious D. generousV. Reading comprehension 28%My l4-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat almost at the same time. It was hanging at a secondhand clothing store. While the other coats looked rather depressed, this one looked as if it were holding itself up. The thick, black wool of the chesterfield (长大衣) was soft and unworn. It was beautifully tailored and had an unbelievable price tag of $28. We looked at each other, saying nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys, but could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better, bearing that touch of classic elegance from long ago.John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile. The fit was perfect.John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a grin.“How did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it!” he said merrily, carefully folding it over the back of a chair and smoothing it flat.Over the next few weeks, a change came over John. Agreement replaced protest, quiet, reasoned discussion replaced argument. He become more sensible, more polite, more thoughtful, eager to please. “Good dinner, Mom,” he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he mi ght start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said, “You’re right. I guess I will.”When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know what caused the changes, she said laughing. “It must be his coat!” At the library, we ran into a friend who had not seen our children for a long time, “Could this be John?” he asked, looking up to John’s new height, assessing thestyle of his coat and extending his hand, one gentleman to another.Sometimes, watc hing John leave for school, I’m reminded of what it felt like to be at his age---a time when it was as easy to try on different approaches to life as it was to try on a coat.67.Why did John’s eyes shine when he saw the coat?A. It was the first time that he had been to a secondhand store.B. It was pleasant for him to share the same taste with mom.C. He fell in love with that coat and wanted to put it on.D. He managed to get his mom to buy him a new coat.68. What does the underlined word “grin” in paragr aph 3 refer to?A. A big smile.B. A sad look.C. A jealous remark.D. An anxious thought.69.Which of the following might be the best title?A. A Special Shopping ExperienceB. A Caring MotherC. A Magical CoatD. John’s Taste for Clothing(B)Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.In BrazilBrazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours—there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.In SingaporeSingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct intheir discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.In the United Arab EmiratesIn the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.In SwitzerlandThe Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others’ time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.70. The passage is mainly about ________.A. communication typesB. the workplace atmosphereC. customs and social mannersD. living conditions and standards71. Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?A. They put efficiency in the first place.B. They dislike face-to-face communication.C. They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.D. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.72. In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?A. When greeting seniors.B. When meeting the host alone.C. When attending a presentation.D.When dining with business partners.73. In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?A. In Brazil.B. In Singapore.C. In the United Arab Emirate.D. In Switzerland.(C)William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the windAt age 14, in poverty and famine, a Malawian boy built a windmill to power his family's home. Now at 22, William Kamkwamba, who speaks at TED, here, for the second time, shares in his own words the moving tale of invention that changed his life.Thomas Suarez :A 12-year-old App developerMost 12-year-olds love playing videogames - but Thomas Suarez taught himself how to create them. After developing iPhone apps like "Bustin Jeiber," a whack-a-mole game, he is now using his skills to help other kids become developers.Amy O’Toole, Beau LottoWhat do science and play have in common? Neuroscientist Beau Lotto thinks all people (kids included) should participate in science and, through the process of discovery, change perceptions. He's seconded by 12-year-old Amy O'Toole, who, along with 25 of her classmates, published the first peer-reviewed article by schoolchildren, about the Blackawton bees project. It starts: "Once upon a time ... "Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose, Naomi ShahIn 2011 three young women swept the top prizes of the first Google Science Fair. Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose and Naomi Shah describe their extraordinary projects —and their route to a passion for science.74. According to the passage, Thomas Suarez ___________.A. made big money by developing gamesB. learned to develop apps by himselfC. spent all his time on computer gamesD. taught adults to develop video games75. Danny, a 16-year-old boy who is working on a science project and planning to participate inan online competition. Which of the following will he most probably watch?A. How I harnessed the windB. A 12-year-old App DeveloperC. Science for Everyone, Kids IncludedD. Award-winning Teenage Science in Action76. All these TED videos aim to ___________.A. analyze the different ways to successB. promote the latest scientific inventionsC. introduce the famous teenage speakersD. encourage passion for science and creativity(D)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality(虚拟现实) device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised(同步的) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias(偏见) that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking thetest again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."77.The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting78.We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes79.In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them80.t can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantly微信公众号：上海试卷KEY17-31 ABDAD DABBB BDDDA32-41 ADACB DDACD42-51 BC A AB CD D AD ABC B AC C52-66 ACDAB CABDC CADBA67-69 CAC70-73 CDBD74-75 BDD77-80 BADC第- 11 - 页/ 共11 页。

【中学生报】2016年上海高考英语模拟试卷(含答案)(图片版)

2016年上海高考英语模拟试卷（含答案）命题：建平中学徐锋载于5月27日《上海中学生报·高招周刊》参考答案第I卷1-24 略25. may/might/must 26. what 27. which 28. that29. concerning 30. more capable 31.has 32. Though/Although/While 33. Investigating 34. made 35. in 36. to minimize37. are used/are being used 38. a 39. that 40. before41—50 IBDFA GKJEC51—65 BABBA CDACA CCABC66—77 DBAD CAB ACADC78. the expansion of farmland79. Climate change80. (Because) urban areas provide various flowering plants and an extended flowering season81. pesticides, climate change and disease第II卷I.Translation1. Never has our school been so well-known to the public as it is now.2. His insisting on his own idea caused many people to be infected with the disease.3. Though there seems nothing special about it, the electronic watch helps the wearer to manage time and improve efficiency.4. Not having traveled alone before, he decided to conceal his plan from his parents in case they may feel worried.5. It is common for us Chinese to prepare a lot of delicious food to entertain foreign guests so as to show them our friendship and hospitality.II.略。

上海市七宝中学2017届高三上学期摸底考试英语试题(少书面表达)

七宝中学高三第一学期摸底考试2016.8 出卷：封杏玉审卷：熊乐清II. Grammar 16*1AIt‟s said that today more than $400 billion a year is spent on advertising worldwide. Beyond that the economic impact of advertising touches just about every consumer-product industry, from cars to chocolate. An advertisement reaches its consumers by means of TV and radio broadcasting, newspapers and magazines, direct mail billboards and posters, the Internet, and many other forms. As the case ___25____(stand), it is widely recognized that the global economy is being driven to a great extent by advertisements.A successful advertisement ____26_____(involve) at least three things. The advertisers will first of all identify the market. That is, they need to work out who will buy the product ___27____ question. Then, ____28____(identify) the market, they will work out the best way to meet the needs of this market. So they will take into account __29___ number of desires or worries the target consumers may have. Do they have the desire to be popular? Are they afraid of falling ill? Lots of questions like these might be raised. Finally, they will design the advertising programme. That is, they will study what words and images their advertisement should contain and what slogans they intend to make use of. Then celebrities are sometimes employed and invited to back up the product. Scientific data are often quoted as a means of adding truthful value to the ___30____(advertise) product.In everyday life consumers have seen lots of successful examples of advertisements. For example, Kodak, Nike, Coca-Cola, and McDonald‟s are all very successful in attracting and selling to their customers.____31___, there are also many examples of advertisements that do not seem to reach the expected goal. One such example was related to McDonald‟s first arrival in Brazil. Their advertisements suggested that people eat McDonald‟s hot hamburgers “at a picnic at the beach.” By doing this, they failed to cater to the Brazilian customs of consuming cold things, such as beer, soft drinks, ice cream, and sandwiches, at a beach picnic. Brazilians do not consider a hot hamburger proper beach food.In advertising, ____32_____, the designers have to be highly culture-conscious when planning to carry out an international programme in a foreign country. Study the cultural background of the potential customers, or spoil the advertising programme!BThings that move obey certain laws. Three important laws of motion were established by Isaac Newton (1642～1727).NEWTON Ⅰ: INERTIANewton‟s first law of motion seems simple: Objects at rest tend to remain at rest, ___33___ moving ones continue to move at a uniform speed in a straight line---____34____ acted upon by an outside force. This resistance to change is called inertia, and it explains a lot of everyday experiences no matter where you happen to live.One is that when the car or airplane you‟re in begins to move, your body is pushed back___ 35_____ the seat. That is, it tends to remain at rest _36____ _____ _______ the forward-moving force of the vehicle transferred to you through the seat. ____37___ aspect of this law shows that the normal courses for freely moving objects is a straight line. That explains why, when you whirl something around your head---such as a ball on a string---and then let it go, the ball flies straight. It ___38___ keeps circling your head nor does it move off in a sweeping curve.NEWTON Ⅱ: F=MANewton‟s second law relates the amount of force need ed to move an object to the object‟s mass and its acceleration.Push a child in a swing, or ride a planet around the sun, and you‟re using Newton‟s second law of motion, which states that _____39_______ you want to change the speed or direction of something, you have to apply an appropriate force. The bigger the mass or the larger the intended acceleration, the greater the necessary force. This law‟s formula allows engineers to calculate what‟s req uired to launch a jet fighter from an aircraft carrier, or how strong a seat belt__ 40_____ be to restrain, say, a 160-pound person when his car stops suddenly while travelling at 60 mph.III. Vocabulary 20*1.5=30Ahas long been a problem about how to properly ___41___ different races and ethnic minorities. On May 20, US President Barack Obama signed a bill that will remove some old racial language from US law.The bill, which Obama signed during Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, will get rid of all ___42____ to “Orientals”, “Negroes”, “Indians” and “Eskimos”, and replace them with “Asian Americans”, “African Americans”, “Native Americans” and “Alaska Natives” ___43______.“The word …Oriental‟ is an ___44___ and very old-fashioned term, and it‟s __45___ past time for the United States government to stop using it,” Grace Meng, the New York Democrat who proposed the changes, said in a statement.Mae M Ngai, a professor of Asian American ___46__ at Columbia University, explained why “Oriental” is often regarded as an offensive word. She told The New York Times that “Oriental” is a Eurocentric name: “You should call people by what they call themselves, not how they are __47___ in relation to yourself.”Jeff Yang, a reporter for the San Francisco Chronicle, also thinks that the image associated with the __48___ “Oriental” makes it insulting. “You can‟t think of …Oriental‟ without having the smell of incense (香) and the sound of a gong (锣) kind in your head,” he said in an interview with NPR.The new bill sends the message that “oriental” is hardly an inoffensive word, according to Erika Lee, director of the Immigration History Research Center at the University of Minnesota.“In the US, the term …Oriental‟ has been used to support the idea that Asians were or are forever ___49___ and could never become American. These ideas helped to justify racial discrimination and segregation ,” Lee told NBC News. Lee said that using the term only leads to more “inequality, disrespect, discrimination, and ___50___ towards Asian Americans, a group that is still not seen enough in American politics despite being the fastest-growing group in the US”.Band fascinating as it seems.” Finally, there could be proof to___51___ this up. Researchers at the University of Surrey, in Britain, and Linnaeus University, in Sweden, have published a new study highligh ting what they call “a ___52___ side of hypermobility(常飞行)”.The study, which combines existing research on the effects of frequent travel, finds three types of consequence: physiological, psychological and emotional, and social. The physiological ones are the most obvious. Jet ___53___ is the suffering travellers know best, although they may not foresee some of its more terrible potential e ffects, like speeding ageing or increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. Then there‟s the danger of deep-vein thrombosis(深静脉血栓), ___54___ to germs and radiation. And finall y, of course, business travellers tend to get less exercise and eat less healthily than people who stay ___55____The psychological and emotional damage of business travel is more abstract, but just as real. Frequent flyers experience “travel disorientation”from changing places and time zones so often. They also suffer___56___ stress, given that “time spent travelling will rarely be balanced through a reduced workload, and that there may be anxieties associated with work continuing to pile up while being away”. Due to the ___57___ from family and friends, “hypermobility is frequently a/an isolating experience,”the authors write. The accumulated impact can be astonishing and great.Finally, there are the social effects. Marriages suffer from the time apart, as does children’s behaviour. What is more, relationships tend to become more unequal, as the partner who stays at home is forced to take on more ___58___ duties. There‟s a gender inequality here, since most business travellers are men. Friendships also suffer, as business travellers often “sacrifice local collective activities and instead ___59___ their immediate families when returning from trips”.Of course, these impacts are moderated by the fact that they fall disproportionately on a small part of the population that is already doing rather well. The “mobile elite(精英)”tend to have higher incomes and access to better health care than the population___60___So these may be problems of the 1% (or the 3%, or the 5%). But they’re real enough regardless. By all means feel jealous of acquaintances' Instagram photos of exotic meals and faraway attractions. But harbour a small amount of concern as well.IV. Cloze: 16’Have you ever shouted, “The rent is too damn high”? Shaking wall and hidden disgusting bugs? You‟re not ___61___. The ancient Romans experienced the same ___62___ with their apartments. From ___63___ landlords to sanitation problems, pests to smells, Roman urban living was no walk in the park.Even in the very early days of Rome, people were crowded together in uncomfortable ___64____. This collection of animals of every kind mixed together, made life miserable for common citizens. And the close contact spread diseases.Roman rented residence were called insulae, or islands, because they occupied whole blocks, with the roads flowing around them like water around an island. The insulae, often consisting of six to eight apartment blocks built around a staircase and central courtyard, __65___ poor workers who couldn‟t afford a traditional domus, or private house.By the fourth century A.D., there were around 45,000 insulae in Rome, as ___66___ to fewer than 2,000 private homes. Many people were ___67___ into their quarters. Apartments on the lower floor would be the easiest for entry and exit –and therefore belong to the wealthy renters –while unfortunate individuals were___68___ on higher floors in tiny rooms.Though made of concrete brick, insulae were usually weakly built, ___69__ poor craftsmanship and little fund. They usually collapsed and killed passers-by. As a result, emperors restricted how high ___70___ could construct insulae. The maximum building height was 60 feet.According to law then, builders were supposed to make walls at least an inch and a half thick, so as to ___71____ the safetyof the building. However, it didn‟t work so well, especially since building ___72___ were ignored by the landlords in order to save on the construction cost, and most renters were too poor to ____73___ landlords. Therefore, the life-threatening accidents usually happened. Even if insulae didn‟t fall down, they could be so ___74___ as to be washed away in a flood. That's about the only time their inhabitants would have access to clean natural water, since there was rarely in-home plumbing(水管)in an apartment.What‟s more, the insulae caught fire frequently leaving Rome with a vicious（恶意的）___75___ of houses burning down and collapsing, sales, then immediate reconstruction and fire once more time. Indeed, rather than being at the nature‟s hands，some collapses were ___76___since the greedy landlords keep on tearing down the existing insulae and replacing them with higher and larger monsters in pursuit of more rents.61. A. lonely B. alone C. unique D. special62. A. annoyance B. complaint C. history D. consequence63. A. unfair B. gracious C. mean D. terrified64. A. basements B. mansions C. seasons D. quarters65. A. housed B. lived C. reserved D. organized66. A. exposed B. opposed C. switched D. related67. A. mixed B. filled C. invited D. squeezed68. A. arranged B. assigned C. thrown D. banned69. A.instead of B.thanks to C. regardless of D. except for70. A. builders B. architects C. landlords D. renters71. A. insure B. make sure C. assure D. ensure72. A. codes B. limitations C. reservations D. emphasis73. A. defeat B. alert C. charge D. object74. A. cheap B. vacant C. insignificant D. shaky75. A. cycle B. punishment C. treatment D. fate76. A. unexpected B. intentional C. restless D. thoroughV. Reading: (28+8)Part A 28’(A)Dear XXX,From the momentI started rolling my dad‟s tube socksAnd shooting imaginaryGame-winning shotsIn the Great Western ForumI knew one thing was real:I fell in love with you.A love so deep I gave you my all —From my mind & bodyTo my spirit & soul.As a six-year-old boyDeeply in love with youI never saw the end of the tunnel.I only saw myselfRunning out of one.And so I ran.I ran up and down every courtAfter every loose ball for you.You asked for my hustleI gave you my heartBecause it came with so much more.I played through the sweat and hurtNot because challenge called meBut because YOU called me.I did everything for YOUBecause that‟s what you doWhen someone makes you feel asAlive as you‟ve made me feel.You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dreamAnd I‟ll always love you for it.But I can‟t love you obsessively for much longer.This season is all I have left to give.My heart can take the poundingMy mind can handle the grindBut my body knows it‟s time to say goodbye.And that‟s OK.I‟m ready to let you go.I want you to know nowSo we both can savor every moment we have left together.The good and the bad.We have given each otherAll that we have.And we both know, no matter what I do nextI‟ll always be that kidWith the rolled up socksGarbage can in the corner:05 seconds on the clockBall in my hands.5 ... 4 ... 3 ... 2 (1)Love you always,Kobe77. Who was this letter written to?A. Kobe‟s father.B. Kobe‟s wife.C. Basketball.D. Himself.78. When was the letter written?A. When Kobe found himself falling in love.B. When Kobe started rolling his dad‟s tube socks.C. When someone made Kobe feel threatened.D. When Kobe decided to announce his retirement.79. Which of the following statements is FALSE?A. Kobe started his Laker dream at the age of six.B. The Great Western Forum is most probably a stadium.C. Kobe will give up the season because it is time to say goodbye.D. Kobe is suffering multiple physical injuries.BI love books that are great to read aloud, side-splittingly funny, hair-raisingly exciting and make me cry. Here are my top four children‟s books.● A book that made me cry:The Lorax by Dr. SeusThe Lorax‟s doomed fight to save his beloved Truffula trees from extinction at the hands of the blue-armed capitalist called the Onceler, has that lovely mixture of humour, truth and pathos. “Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better, it‟s not,” says the Onceler, throwing the Very Last Truffula Seed of Them All down to the child who is being told the story.At this point, if you are not in tears, you have a heart of stone.● A book that made me want to be the heroine:Pippi Longstocking by Astrid LindgrenPippi Longstocking was so strong that she could lift a horse above her head. She had independent means, no visible parents, the cheek of several Peter Pans and her very own monkey. I longed to be her.● A book with a fantasy world I am tempted to believe is true:The Sword in the Stone by T.H. White“The best thing for being sad, is to learn something,” says Merlin, the magician who lives life backwards. This is a book about learning to be a hero, and it is funny and wise. The fight between the two knights with armour so heavy that they can barely move still makes me laugh out loud.● A book for your inner and your actual teenager:Holes by Louis SacharStanley Yelnats is a young delinquent who is pointlessly digging holes at Camp Green Lake as punishment for a crime he did not commit. A thrilling story of crime, redemption and how the past haunts the present.80. Which book is hair-raisingly exciting?A.The LoraxB. Pippi LongstockingC. The Sword in the StoneD. Holes81. Which of the following is true according to the article?A.The Lorax tells a thrilling story that may scare many children.B.Pippi Longstocking is a hero with special personality traits.C.The Sword in the Stone tells a story about a magician looking for a sword all his life.D.In Holes, Stanley Yelnats is wronged and punished.82. The following adjectives can be used to describe the features of the above four books except ____.A. imaginativeB. exclusiveC. thrillingD. humorousCNo woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better -- or worse -- part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either, but that won‟t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity's seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted lo thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat -- or even only somewhat overweight -- is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem -- too much fat and a lack of fiber -- than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory.83. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that____________.A. the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtueB. looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC. being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD. religious people are not necessarily virtuous84. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author_____________.A. had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB. could still prevent herself from going off the crackC. had to seek help from rich distant relativesD. had to wear highly fashionable clothes85. In human history, people's views on body weight_____________.A. were closely related to their religious beliefsB. changed from time to timeC. varied between the poor and the richD. led to different moral standards86. What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A. They should be more concerned with their overall life style.B. They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C. They should gain weight to look healthy.D. They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.DStudies have long shown a difference in cognitive ability between high- and low-income children, but for the first time, scientists have found a difference between low-income children growing up in rural areas and those growing up in urban environments.Researchers at Dartmouth College have found that children growing up in rural poverty score significantly lower on visual working memory tests than their urban counterparts. However, children in urban poverty score slightly lower on tests of verbal working memory.Working memory is the ability to keep information in mind while using that information to complete a task. It is a better predictor of academic success than IQ and is crucial to skills as diverse as reading, math processing, and decision making.The results of the Dartmouth study appear online in the Journal of Cognition and Development and will be included in the journal's next print edition. A PDF is available now upon request.The study results were also groundbreaking because they demonstrated a gap between the verbal and visual working memories of children living in rural poverty. None of the other groups included in the study -- kids from high-income rural, high-income urban, and low-income urban backgrounds -- performed significantly better in one area than the other.Follow-up research is needed to conclusively determine the cause of the disparities found in the study, but author Michele Tine, assistant professor of education and principal investigator in the Poverty and Learning Lab at Dartmouth, suggests they may be connected to seemingly minor differences in the daily lives of country- versus city-dwellers.For example, rural areas tend to have less noise pollution than urban ones, and chronic noise pollution has been shown to hurt verbal working memory. On the other hand, rural areas lack visual stimuli common in cities -- such as traffic, crowds, and signs -- and this may give rural children less opportunity to develop their visual working memory, Tine surmises.Previous research has shown environmental factors do not impact the cognitive ability of high-income children as much as low-income children, which is consistent with Tine's finding that wealthy children had almost identical working memory abilities, regardless of whether they lived in urban or rural environments.87. Children in rural poverty score lower in visual working memory because of _____.A. the long-term noise pollutionB. the lack of visual stimuliC. the shortage of audio-visual equipmentD. less opportunity to meet wealthy people88. What’s the value of Dartmouth study?A. It shows a difference between high- and low-income children.B. It finds out the factors that influence the development of cognitive ability.C. It finds a difference between low-income children in rural and urban areas.D. It proves working memory test have an advantage over IQ test.89. The underlined word “disparities” is closest in meaning to _____.A. differencesB. disapprovalsC. destructionsD. directions90. What can we learn from the passage?A. Wealthy kids in urban background perform better than their rural counterparts.B. Tine‟s brave assumption has been proved by his follow-up researches.C. Tine‟s finding doesn‟t agree with the results of the previous researches.D. The results of Dartmouth study are only available online at the present time.Section B （8分）Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there two sentences more than you need.EThe Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 91 _ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 92 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why aren‟t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200, 000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. It all depends on your character.No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 93 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.94 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we‟ll continue to hit the moun tains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. Those are the risks you should jump to take.B. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.C. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.D.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.AB. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.AC. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.I. Translation22 % (4+4+4+5+5)1. 这次英语辩论赛之后，我意识到是愚蠢的骄傲蒙蔽了自己。

七宝中学2015-2016高一摸底考英语卷

Section A(15)Directions:beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.The author received tons of congratulations______his great success in writing.A.inB.onC.fromD.by26.–How is Mike now?--Don’t worry.He will call us as soon as he_____the USA.A.reaches B reached C.will reach D is reaching27.---I have a sore throat today!---You’d better take advantage of the tea break to go to______.A.chemist’sB.the chemistC.the chemist’sD.the chemists’28.Some fast developing countries around the world don’t care about protecting______againstenvironmental pollution.A.themselvesB.themC.itD.itself29.According to the new regulations,one______pass night driving test for the license.A.needB.canC.mustD.may30.All the residents in the area______that they move into new flats within three months.A.are advisedB.advisedC.have advisedD.have been advised31.She came up with several ideas about the house decoration______a fantastic one poppedinto her mind.A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.unless32.Mary’s success lies in the fact______she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.A.becauseB.whichC.whereD.that33.______any staircase,I followed a dark passage and it seemed to go on for ever.A.Not to have seenB.Seeing notC.Having not seenD.Not seeing34.Unless______to speak,most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class.A.invitedB.invitingC.being invitedD.having invited35.Doctors insist the growth of wisdom continues after the40s,50s and even60s,______?A.does itB.doesn’t itC.do theyD.don’t they36.If she accepts this position,she will have no choice but______an even greater challenge.A.to meetB.meetsC.meetingD.met37.Donald survived when the car______he was in crashed into a truck from the opposite side.A.asB.whereC.thatD.once38.A high definition digital camera on this cell phone can show you vividly______is around theperson you are talking to.A.howB.whichC.whatD.where39.Oetzi,the5,000year old“Iceman”,______on the alpine border between Italy and Austria in1991.A.was discoveringB.was discoveredC.had been discoveredD.discoveredSection B(20)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.beliefB.discourageC.choicesD.issue AB.try AC.characterizeAD.demonstrate BC.ensure BD.incomparable CD.opposing ABC.responsibleThe unique features of colleges and universities in the U.S.are hardly shared by their competitors in Europe or Asia. Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular U.S.college but also to the larger community,which affords the chance for them to absorb the surrounding culture.Clubs,sports teams,student publicationssocieties____40_____colorfulemphasis on this.“In people’s minds,the campus and the American university are both admirable,”says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian.“In America people have a strong_____41____that a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience.”Foreign students also come in search of____42_____.America’s menu of options—research universities,state institutions,private liberal-arts schools,community colleges,religious institutions—is____43______.No any single European country can offer such variety.“In Europe,”says history professor Jonathan Steinberg,who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge,“there is only one system,and that is it.”From the beginning,students overseas usually are required to____44____professional skills in a specific field,whether law or philosophy or chemistry.Most American universities insist that students have a(n)____45_____on natural and social sciences,languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration.Such____46_____philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures.In Europe and Japan, universities are____47_____only to a ministry of education,which sets academic standards and provides money.Centralization(集权化)is likely to____48____that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level.On the other hand,It may also_____49___the testing of different ideas.“When they make mistakes,they make big ones,”says Robert Rosenzweig, president of the Association of American Universities.“They set a system in wrong directions,and it’s like piloting a super ship.”A.attractionB.benefitC.enthusiasticallymand AB.satisfyAC.undoubtedly AD.approval BC.treasured BD.viewed CD.developedABC.considerablePublic image doesn’t make money directly,nor is it anything visible.However,excellent public image is such an important thing that it is50desired by every company,enterprise,institution,etc.Public image refers to how a company is51by its customers,suppliers,and stockholders(股东),by the financial community,by the communities where it operates,and by federal and local governments.Public image is controllable to52extent,just as the product,price,place,and promotional efforts are.A firm’s public image plays a vital role in the53of the firm and its products to employees,customers,and to such outsiders as stockholders,suppliers,creditors(贷款方),government officials,as well as different special groups. With some things it is impossible to___54_____all the different publics:for example,a new highly automated plant may meet the___55______of creditors and stockholders.However,it will56find resistance from employees who see their jobs threatened.On the other hand,high quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval,while low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon.A firm’s public image,if it is good,should be57.It is a valuable strength that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics.If a firm has58a quality image,this is not easily imitated by competitors.Such an image may enable a firm to charge higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers,to attract the best employees,to expect the most favorable creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs.It should also allow the firm’s stock to59higher price-earnings ratio(比例)than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.III.Reading ComprehensionSection A(15)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in eachAnother cause of aggression is the tendency for children and apes greatly to___66_____the invading of a stranger into their group.A new child in the class may be laughed at,isolated,and disliked.A new monkey may be bitten to death.It is interesting to note that anger occurs when a stranger comes from the67species.Monkeys do not mind being68 by a goat or a rat.Children do not object when animals are introduced to the group.As a matter of fact,such newcomers are often____69____.But when monkeys meet a new monkey or children a strange child,aggression often occurs.This strongly suggests that the reason for the aggression is fundamentally possessiveness.The70of the newcomers is feared.The present members of the group feel that there will be more competitors for the food or the attention of the adults.Finally,another common source of fighting among children is a frustration or failure in their own____71____.A child will be stopped either by72causes such as bad weather or illness from doing something he wishes to do,for example, sail his boat or ride the bicycle.Sometimes the activity may be73because of the opposition of some adult.The child may also frustrate itself by____74_____,through lack of skill or strength,to complete successfully some desired activity. Such a child will then in the ordinary sense become“naughty”.He will be in a bad or unfriendly temper.60. A.fulfillment B.excitement C.isolation D.aggressiveness61. age B.possession C.value D.collection62. A.turn to B.drive away e over D.make into63. A.moderate B.subtle plete D.temporary64. A.conflict B.negotiation C.agreement D.donation65. A.reluctantly B.violently C.unwillingly D.peacefully66. A.ignore B.accept C.prove D.hate67. A.similar B.modest C.strong D.reliable68. A.observed B.protected C.joined D.spoiled69. A.offensive B.considerate C.generous D.welcomed70. A.strength B.attitude petition D.emotion71. A.knowledge B.activity C.study D.personality72. A.natural B.physical C.financial D.academic73. A.enhanced B.operated C.extended D.prevented74. A.learning B.failing C.imitating D.refusingSection B(32)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My husband and I were once in Nepal(尼泊尔)to see sunrise over the Himalayas.One morning we awoke to total darkness at5o’clock.As we rushed through a town with cameras in hand,I noticed the calm,gentle way the Nepalese people greeted the morning.One man boiled a huge pot of milk tea,and other villagers gathered around his fire,cupping their hands around small glasses of the steaming sweet mixture.It was fascinating,but not to be left behind,we joined the stream of tourists moving quickly up to the lookout point.The top was crowded when we arrived,but after10minutes of cold waiting,the assembled group gave up.“The cloud cover is too heavy,”one said.Then one by one they rushed down the hill to the next item on their sightseeing list.I was disappointed as well,but suddenly I noticed a small Nepalese boy absently playing with a stick and shooting quick glances at the clouds.He must know something we don’t,I thought.I decided to wait with him.The boy and I didn’t have to wait long.Moments later,a tiny stream of golden light burned through one thick cloud, then another.Rose-colored fog warmed the backs of the clouds,and suddenly the morning sun stole a glance around the side of the mountain,miles above where I’d expected it to be.Nothing I’d seen before prepared me for the moment the clouds withdrew with bowed heads,and the magnificent Himalayas were revealed before,around,and above me.I sat in astonishment,not breathing,not daring to look away, certain that God had placed me here at the backdoor of Earth to show me what Heaven really looks like.I certainly got the message.Never again will I rush a sunrise.I now know Nature will supply her fruits to me only when I am truly ready to receive them.75.What does“It”in Paragraph2most probably imply?A.The darkness of the town in the morning.B.The huge pot of milk tea boiling on the fire.C.The way the local people welcomed the day.D.The stream of tourists rushing to the lookout point.76.The author decided to wait with the Nepalese boy because______.A.she felt kind of having faith in himB.the restless tourists disappointed herC.that boy was praying to the sun with a magic stickD.she had nothing more to see on her sightseeing list77.Which of the following words best describe the author’s feeling when she saw the sunrise?A.Totally shocked.B.Absolutely amazed.C.Truly frightened.D.Extremely interested.78.What can be concluded from the passage?A.Do in Rome as the Romans do.B.God helps those who help themselves.C.Time and tide wait for no man.D.Fortune rewards those having patience.(B)Kuringai Chase National Park Guided Walks and Nature ActivitiesSUNDAY MAY7EASY Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyMeet at7:30 a.m.at the end of Day RD, Cheltenham,while the bush is alive with birdsong.Round trip:4hoursSUNDAY JUNE4HARD Baime Basin Track FRIDAY JUNE6EASY Poetry around a campfireMeet7:00p.m.Kalkaari Visitor Center.Share your favourite poem or one of your own with a group around a gently cracking fire.Drinks and food to follow.Bring a cup and a blanket(or a chair).Cost:$4.00per person.Duration:2.5hours__________.A.Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyB.Baime Basin TrackC.Poetry around a campfireD.Morning Walk at Mitchell Park80.If you want to enjoy the peace of the bush at night,you are required to__________.A.meet at7:30p.m.June6B.bring slippers with youC.prepare a torchD.climb rocks for two hours81.How many guided walks and nature activities provide food or drink?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.82.In the activity“Morning Walk at Mitchell Park”,one may have no chance to___________.A.appreciate bird watchingB.enjoy mountain climbingC.take a relaxing walkD.have morning tea(C)Pride and Prejudice for the Modern WomanLet us imagine how Pride and Prejudice,Jane Austen’s most famous work,might be updated,200years on.Austen’s popularity is rooted in her intelligence.But today she would certainly have had a very different life,as would her characters.Here’s my own suggestion.It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men,however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.“My dear husband,”said his hopeful wife one day,“have you heard that the local store,standing empty for so long,is taken over by a bright young businesswoman?”Her dull and indifferent husband replied that he had not.“But it is,it is,”she replied excitedly.Mr.Dull-Husband made no reply.“Don’t you want to know her plans?”she cried with some impatience.“Well,clearly you think it matters to your silly little head...so I’d better listen.”“Well,my dear,the rumour is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England,though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me.She will move in herself next month.“What is her name?”“Bingley.”“Is she married or single?”“What a question!And none of your business.”But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys.“How so?How can it possibly affect them?”“My dear love;those lazy boys need something to wake them up.There are bound to be jobs going.”“Is that her point in settling here?Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place.”“Nonsense,my love,how little you’ve noticed the world has changed.She’s got a first-rate degree and some sort of business qualification,I’m told.She surely needs one of our boys!Perhaps you might give her a call.”“Me?No.Perhaps you can take an interest.You still have your looks,after all.She may even offer you a job.”“Oh,that’s not likely.These new chances belong to the younger generation.But now you mention it,I think I’ll go along all the same.”And Mrs.Bennet went along.That was10years ago.She is now managing director of a FTSE(英富时指数)-listed company.her salary would be lower than her male colleagues,her bonus of a more“female”dimension and her lifespan among the city’s business leaders shorter than theirs.Still,she’d no doubt have enjoyed Davos(达沃斯论坛)—and might even have hobnobbed(攀谈)with influential figures.83.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Austen was born200years ago.B.Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.C.Austen’s success lies in her wisdom.D.Austen’s updated work gains popularity.84.The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs.Bennet________.A.had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about BingleyB.felt kind of worried and doubtful about BingleyC.was extremely anxious to meet BingleyD.had a great curiosity about Bingley85.In the eyes of Mrs.Bennet,Bingley surely needed one of their boys to________.A.get married toB.work for herC.help her move inD.take over her store86.What does the writer intend to tell us?A.Women with brains can also be as successful as men.B.Women have to pay a high price for success.C.A judgment must be made free from prejudice.D.Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.(D)The term culture now is more used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team.In its original sense,however,culture includes all identifying aspects of a racial group,nation,or empire:its physical environment,history,and traditions,its social rules and economic structure,and its religious beliefs and arts.The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another.It is for this reason that most people regard culture as learned rather than innate.People acquire a culture because they are not born with one.The process by which a person develops a taste for regional foods,accented speech,or an outlook on the world over time, therefore,is known as enculturation(文化适 ).Cultures are often identified by their symbols—images that are familiar and coated with meaning.Totem poles( 腾柱)carved with animals and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more literally represent specific tribes(部落).In Asia and India,the color of yellow is connected with temples while in ancient China it was a color only the emperor’s family was allowed to wear.Thus,different cultures may respond to a symbol quite differently.For example,to some a flag may represent pride,historical accomplishments,or ideals;to others, however,it can mean danger or oppression.To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own,the beliefs,behaviors,and artistic expression of other groups can seem strange and even threatening.A society that ranks all other cultures against its own standards is considered to be ethnocentric(from the Greek ethnos,meaning“people,”and kentros,meaning“center”).A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be inferior and,possibly,wrong or evil.All people are ethnocentric to some degree,and some aspects of ethnocentrism,such as national pride,contribute to a well-functioning society.An appreciation for one’s own culture,however,does not prevent acceptance and respect for another culture.History documents the long-term vigour and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and various cultural backgrounds live and work together.Extreme ethnocentrism,in contrast,can lead to racism —the belief that it is race and racial origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others.87.What does the word“innate”in Paragraph2most probably mean?A.Instinctive.B.Developed.C.Believable.D.Cultivated.A.Different interpretations of a symbol help to distinguish one culture from another.B.An ethnocentric country opens welcoming arms to cultures different from its own.C.Culture consists of some positive features of a racial group,nation or empire.D.People from various cultural backgrounds often reach an agreement on some image.89.What can be inferred from the passage?A.All aspects of ethnocentrism can produce negative effects on a society.B.Racism is unlikely to bring about serious conflicts among different cultures.C.Respect and acceptance of different cultures are a proper cultural attitude.D.Countries with a strong sense of national pride play a superior role in the world.90.Which might be the best title of the passage?A.Culture,the origin of racial superiorityB.Culture,a faithful mirror of historyC.Culture,the vigour of world developmentD.Culture,a distinctive identity of a nationSection C(8)Directions:Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Some of the most popular programmes on British television,all with their regular millions of loyal viewers,are‘soaps’such as Coronation Street,Eastenders and Emmerdale.(A‘soap’is an informal word for a‘soap opera’,which is a television story,in daily or weekly episodes(连续剧集),about the daily lives of the characters in it.) In every soap there is the inevitable gossip,and there is the essential character who brings misfortune on himself—or herself,the spiteful woman who hates the success of her sister in marrying a man with money and whose childish behavior splits the family.To some degree,of course,the regular episodes provide many people with an adult kind of comic,rather like Dickens’serialized novels did.At times,the actions and characters in them seem quite realistic;at other times,they go to the other extreme and show actions that look as if they are straight from the pen of the best fiction writers.But perhaps the fall into clearly fictional comedy or tragedy is necessary to remind regular viewers that their daily amount of‘soap’is no more and no less than a shot of fiction,and that the characters are not real.Certainly life is never dull in a soap.If one of the adolescents buys a motorbike and a young child lives round the corner,you can bet the two will meet in an accident.If two people fall in love and get married,you can be sure that a friend will cast an insult on the character of one of them,enough to break up the marriage.After all,this is not life;this is a soap! Reality makes way for fiction.The viewers who think that they are watching even a reflection of reality only bring disappointment to themselves.But there are still viewers who follow the comings and goings of the characters on screen with unreasoning faith,believing that the events are real when characters are injured or ill,or even die,and send cards or flowers with best wishes,congratulations or sympathies.What many of us find difficult to understand is just why soaps have become so popular?(Note:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)91.Coronation Street,Eastenders and Emmerdale are popular British soaps which______.92.What are the two necessary elements of a soap opera?93.The regular viewers need to be reminded that the soap operas are______.94.What do some TV viewers do when they are mad about the soaps?高一摸考试答案I.Listening Comprehension1-5CDBBC6-10ABABC11-13BDA14-16CDBmunity18.process19.203020.website21.the most successful22.the number23.(their/the)body chemistry24.(a)new medicine/new medicine(s)II.Grammar and Vocabulary25-30BACACD31-35BDDAD36-39ACCB40—49AC A C BD AD AB CD ABC BC B50—59C BD ABC A AB AD AC BC CD DIII.Reading comprehension60—64DBACA65—69BDACD70—74CBADB75—78CABD79—82ACCB83—86CABD87—90AACDSection C91.have millions of regular loyal viewers92.The inevitable gossip and the essential character93.only(a shot of)fiction and not real94.They follow the characters on screen unreasoningly/with faith.。

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2016高三英语模拟考试II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Once just a science fiction idea, VR has now become more accessible than ever. (25) _________ (wear) a pair of VR goggles connected to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of the room. From climbing (26) _________ (high) mountain in the world to flying a spacecraft, the things you can experience with VR are limitless.This new 'reality ' is starting to takeover China. The Report on Chinese VR Users' Behavior was released on March 18 during the 12th TFC Global Mobile Game Conference & Intelligent Entertainment Expo held in Beijing. The report is based on a survey of 5,626 people, (27) _________ (age) between 15 and 39, from across the country. It shows that up to 68.5 percent of people have heard of or are interested in VR products.But surprisingly, it isn't new technology that has made VR so popular. 'VR has been (28) _________ for many years, but it will stick this time because there's enough computer power and the price will just keep going down,' Todd Richmond, a VR group member with the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers in the US, told USA Today.VR (29) _________ (expect) to change various different fields. For example, VR could be used to train pilots and miners before they had to actually risk their lives in highly dangerous working environments, or to treat patients with acrophobia(恐高症）by making them think they were standing on top of a high building.'If you have perfect virtual reality, (30) _________ you'll be able to simulate everything that a human can experience or imagine experiencing,it's hard to imagine where you go from there,' Palmer Luckey, 23 inventor of the Oculus VR goggles, told NPR.But the technology is still far from perfect. Users report experiencing motion sickness, headaches and other discomfort while wearing VR goggles. Also, (31) _________ more and more tools are flooding the market, the software that runs VR games and simulators has yet to catch up with all the new advancements. It could take (32) _________ while for VR to be widely accepted.When every new technology is first introduced, the technology (33) _________ is the driving force. But for it to really blend into people's lives, meeting basic and practical needs should be the main aim.(B)It has become the talk of the town: A stranger allegedly attacked a woman in a Beijing hotel at night on April 3. The man is said to have clutched her by the neck and attempted to drag her into the elevator. Lodgers passed by, but no one tried to intervene until one woman did. Her actions are believed to (34) _________ (save) the victim from whatever was going to happen to her.The incident has pushed the risks of solo traveling into the spotlight. Online forums like Sina Weibo (35) _________ (flood) with advice for how women (36) _________ protect themselveswhen they find themselves alone.This case reminded many of the murder of Sarai Sierra, a 33-year-old New York woman. A homeless man killed her while she was traveling alone in Turkey in 2013. After the tragedy ,some netizens blamed Sierra for her own murder. One comment (37) _________ (read), 'A single woman traveling alone is risky . In a foreign country, it is downright foolish', another commenter wrote,'A woman has no business traveling alone.'Though gender does play into the rates and kinds of attacks a traveler might be subject to women and men need to be equally wary of potential risks. Last summer, a 19 -year-old American man allegedly found himself (38) _________ (lock) inside his Airbnb rental in Madrid, Spain. That's when his host tried to sexually assault him, the teen said.(39) _________ gender you are, it's always important to stay alert and never take any chances. Luo Chenyu, 22, is a senior student at Y unnan University. She went to Thailand last year on a campus exchange program. One night, she said she and a friend were walking on the street in Bangkok when they had the feeling a man was tailing them. They picked up their pace and walked into a nearby grocery store. Just as they expected, the man followed them into the store and lingered for a few moments but eventually left without buying anything.Luo and her friend felt lucky that the situation did not escalate. She also said her self-defense training helped her feel more prepared. 'I do a little karate. (40) _________ I'm not skilled enough to defeat the attacker, I might still earn some time so I could get away,' she said.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Although Henry Ford's name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal (41) __________ for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today's (42) __________ . Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the ten-or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to (43) __________ the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three (44) __________ .In addition,sick (45) __________ as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to (46) __________ the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced - in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage , an employee had to establish a decent home and (47) __________ good personal habits , including sobriety , thriftiness, (48) __________ , and dependability.Although some (49) __________ was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees,there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to (50) __________ themselves in America.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.President Obama's second Inaugural Address used soaring language to stress America's commitment to the dream of equality of opportunity: ‘We are true to our belief that a little girl born into (51) __________ knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American.'The gap between ideal and reality could hardly be (52) __________. Today, the United States has less equality of opportunity than almost any other advanced industrial country. Study after study has (53) __________ the myth that America is a land of opportunity. A way of looking at equality of opportunity is to ask to what extent the life chances of a child are (54) __________ the education and income of his parents. Is it just as likely that a child of poor or poorly educated parents gets a good education and rises to the middle class as someone born to middle-class parents with college degrees? Even in a more democratic society, the answer would be no.How do we explain this? Some of it has to do with persistent discrimination. Latinos and African-Americans still get paid less than whites, and women still get paid less than men, (55) __________ they recently surpassed men in the number of advanced degrees they obtain. Discrimination, however, is only a small part of the (56) __________. Probably the most important reason for (57) __________ of equality of opportunity is education. After World War II, we made a major effort to (58) __________ higher education to Americans across the country. But then we changed, in several ways. While racial segregation decreased, economic segregation increased. After 1980, the poor grew poorer, the middle stagnated(停滞不前), and the top did better and better. A result was a widening gap in educational performance - the (59) __________ gap between rich and poor kids born in 2001 was 30 to 40 percent larger than it was for those born 25 years earlier, a Stanford sociologist found. Of course, there are other forces (60) __________. Children in rich families get more exposure to reading.Children in rich families get more exposure to reading. Their families can afford enriching experiences like music lessons and summer camp. They get better nutrition and health care, which enhance their learning, directly and indirectly.Now Americans are coming to realize that without substantial policy changes, their long cherished belief is only a myth. It is unreasonable that a rich country like the United States has made(61) __________ to higher education so difficult for those at the bottom and middle. There are many(62) __________ ways of providing chances for more to receive higher education, from Australia's income-contingent loan program to the near-free system of universities in Europe. A more educated population yields greater innovation, and a robust economy. Those benefits are why we've long been (63) __________ to fee public education through 12th grade. But while a 12th-grade education mighthave been enough a century ago, it isn't today. Yet we haven't (64) __________ our system to contemporary realities.The steps I've outlined are not just affordable but necessary. Even more important, though, isthat we cannot afford to let our country drift farther from (65) __________ that the vast majority of Americans share. We will never fully succeed in achieving Mr. Obama's vision of a poor girl'shaving exactly the same opportunities as a wealthy girl. But we could do much, much better, andmust not rest until we do.51. A. prejudice B. inferior C. poverty D. minority52. A. narrower B. wider C. severer D. closer53. A. conducted B. concluded C. excluded D. exposed54. A. distinct from B. feasible by C. superior to D. dependent on55. A. even though B. as though C. only if D. as if56. A. photograph B. picture C. atmosphere D. condition57. A. lack B. leak C. explosion D. extinction58. A. exhibit B. explore C. extend D. exploit59. A. scholarship B. satisfaction C. achievement D. ambition60. A. at play B. under control C. in use D. on show61. A. devotion B. familiarity C. application D. access62. A. imaginative B. alternative C. initiative D. productive63. A. admitted B. addicted C. committed D. restricted64. A. abandoned B. adjusted C. altered D. applied65. A. memories B. glory C. reality D. idealsSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)WOMEN have been driving yellow cabs in New York since the 1940s, but 99% of drivers aremale. Even among drivers of cars booked by phone or online, only 4% are women. That may changewith the launch of SheTaxis, an app that lets female passengers insist on female drivers, and viceversa.It will be available in New York City (where it will be called 'SheRides'), Westchester and Long Island, and the firm plans to expand to other cities. Stella Mateo, the founder, is betting that quite a few women are nervous and weary of getting into cars driven by men. The service may also appeal to those whose religious beliefs forbid them to travel with unrelated men. Each driver wears a pink pashmina. Men who ask for a ride will be directed to another car service.Similar services thrive in India, South Africa and several Middle Eastern cities. Some Brazilian and Mexican cities offer women-only public-transport programmes known as 'pink transport'. Japan has had women-only railway carriages on and off since 1912. Known as hana densha (flower trains), they offer a haven from the gropers who make rush hour in Tokyo so disagreeable. Women-only hotel floors are popular, too.But SheTaxis faces two speed bumps. One is practical. Demand has been so great that the firm has had to decelerate its launch until it can recruit 500 drivers. The other obstacle is legal. By employing only female drivers, SheTaxis is obviously discriminating against men. Since anti-discrimination law is not always applied with common sense, that may be illegal. And there is no shortage of potential litigants. Yellow cabbies are furious at the growth of online taxi firms such as Uber. 'It's not hard to imagine a guy...filing suit,' says Sylvia Law of New York University Law School. SheTaxi's defence would probably be that its drivers are all independent contractors.Because the firm caters only to women, it is discriminating against male customers, too. Is that legal? Angela Cornell of Cornell Law School thinks there could be a loophole. New York's Human Rights Commission could make an exemption on the ground that SheTaxi offers a service that is in the public interest: women feel safer not getting into cars with strange men. Women-only colleges are allowed, so why not women-only cabs? The snag is that some men may also feel safer getting into cabs with female drivers. A study in 2010 found that 80% of crashes in New York City that kill or seriously injure pedestrians involve male drivers. Women drivers are simply better.66. It can be inferred that the service of SheTaxis may appeal to__________.A.women who are nervous about taxi driversB.women with certain religious beliefsC.women who are tired of taking taxisD.men who ask for a ride67. The word 'gropers' (para.3) probably refers to__________.A. people who cause a traffic jamB. men who make sexual harassment to womenC. men who cause the rush hour in TokyoD. people who make taking trains disagreeable68. If She Taxis is accused of discriminating against men, it may __________.A. decelerate its launch as an online taxi firmB.employ both male and female driversC.make anti-discrimination law not applicableD.spring to the defence of its drivers69. SheTaxi may be exempt (被豁免的) from illegality by New York's Human Rights Commission because __________.A.its service provided is based on the public interestB.it discriminates against male passengersC.it provides service also for male passengersD.it decreases crashes cause scrashes caused by male drivers(B)It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on by way of the group's online service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: 'We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history.'The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the hurry of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death —probably by a deadly injection or pill —to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed (诊断) as Terminally Ill by two doctors. After a 'cooling off' period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. 'I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,' he says.70. From the second paragraph we learn that __________.A. the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countriesB. physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasiaC. changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hurry passage of the lawD. it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage71.When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means __________.A. observers are taking a wait-and see attitude towards the future of euthanasiaB. similar bills are likely to be passed in the US,Canad and other countriesC. observer are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoesD. the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop72. When Lloyd Nickson dies,he will __________.A. face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasiaB. experience the suffering of a lung cancer patientC. have an intense fear of terrible sufferingD. undergo a cooling off period of seven days73. The author's attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of __________.A.oppositionB.suspicionC.approvalD.indifference(C)Over the weekend, NASA’s newest Mars rover, the Curiosity, which landed early on Aug. 6 after an eight-month flight, started sending back a 360-degree high-resolution panorama of its surroundings.At a news conference on Wednesday, John P. Grotzinger, a professor of geology at the Califor- nia Institute of Technology who serves as the mission’s project scientist, compared the view with a place just a few hours’ drive from Pasadena, Calif, and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the rover’s birthplace. “You would really be forgiven for thinking that NASA was trying to pull a fast one on you,” he said, “and we actually put a rover out in the Mojave Desert and took a picture—a little L.A.(Los Angeles) smog coming in there.” He added, “To a certain extent, the first impression you get is how Earth-like it seems.”Where the Curiosity actually sits is a 96-mile-wide crater named Gale near the Martian equator. To the north, the images show part of the crater rim that is believed to have been eroded by flowing water. To the south is a 3.4-mile-high peak that the scientists call Mount Sharp, which Curiosity is meant to reach and to climb. By investigating the layers of sedimentary rock on Mount Sharp,mission scientists hope to reconstruct the climate and environment of early Mars and tell whether it could have been once been habitable for life.The photos also show marks that Curiosity has made at the landing site. As Curiosity was lowered to the surface of Mars, blasts from the descent-stage engines created indentations in the nearby soil, exposing the bedrock below. This exposed bedrock is likely to be one of the first areas of scientific exploration on the rover’s planned two-year journey.After the flawless landing, the first week of operations of the rover on the ground also proceeded almost perfectly, too, as engineers started checking out the rover’s system, deployed the high-gain antenna, and raised the mast that holds the cameras.So far, no significant trouble has arisen. The weather instrument experienced a problem that engineers figured out a day later. The rover’s internal temperatures are slightly warmer than expected, possibly because the crater is warmer than predicted or because NASA’s computer models of Curiosity were not quite right. Worries about overheating could put constraints on when certain instruments can be used. But the heat is also a boon, reducing the energy Curiosity needs to warm up its joints and wheels before moving.74. Where is the rover Curiosity’s real location?A. In the middle Mojave Desert near its birthplace in the US.B. To the south of crater Gale that is near the Martian equator.C. Near the Martian equator which is eroded by flowing water.D. On top of a 3.4-mile-high peak which used to be habitable.75. It can be inferred from the passage that the rover’s investigation *.A. is likely to start with the study of the rocks on MarsB. is determined on the reconstruction of the climate on MarsC. started immediately after the rover’s perfect landingD. can only begin a fter a week’s preparation on the ground76. What caused the rover’s unexpected warmer internal temperature?A. A minor problem of the weather instrument.B. Problems of NASA’s computer models of Curiosity.C. The impact on the rover during landing.D. Overheating of certain instrument in the rover.77. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How earthlike the surface of Mars is.B. The success landing of Curiosity.C. NASA’s achievement in investigating Mars.D. How far the mission of Curiosity has gone.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Outdoor air pollution leads to more than 3 million premature deaths each year, and more than two thirds of them occur in China and India, according to new research. The authors estimate that without government intervention, the total number of deaths could double by 2050.The study, published in the journal Nature, identifies particulate matter(悬浮粒) as the prime pollutant leading to premature mortality. Particulate matter, a substance formed as a combination of different materials released into the air, is thought to be harmful to human health once it exceeds 2.5 micrometers in diameter. Researchers also identified ozone as a contributor to dangerous air quality.The causes of air pollution vary dramatically from place to place. In India and China, the study says, emissions from residential heating and cooling drive air pollution by creating unhealthy quantities of smoke. Overall, residential heating emissions cause one third of air pollution-related deaths worldwide.In highly regulated areas, like the United States, Europe and Japan, emissions from agriculture tend to be primary contributors to air pollution. Fertilizer used in agriculture releases ammonia into atmosphere, a process that creates harmful particulate matter. Globally, air pollution from agriculture kills more than 600,000 people annually, the study finds.The findings are consistent with a 2014 report from the World Health Organization that suggested that 7 million deaths occur annually due to both indoor and outdoor air pollution.The study’s conclusions give a sense of urgency to efforts to reduce air pollution but present challenges because of difficulty regulating heating activity in people’s homes, according to study author Jos Lelieveld. People who live in the most affected areas should be provided with information about less toxic heating methods, he said.‘It’s important to reduce emissions from residential energy us,’ Lelieveld said on a conference call for journalists. ‘You can’t ask people to stop eating and cooking, but you can provide better technologies.’Air pollution contributes to a variety of ailments that eventually lead to premature mortality like lung cancer, stroke and heart failure, according to the study. Another study published this week in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives reached similar conclusions showing the devastating(毁灭性的) effects of pollution on individual health. Researchers found that chronic exposure to particulate matter increases the chance of early death by 13%. That risk is especially high for heart disease; the chance a person will die of heart disease increases by around 10% with chronic exposureto particulate matter.Researchers found that the number of deaths is expected to double by 2050 without new government policies. Nearly all of the increase will occur in Asia, according to the report.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. According to the study, __________________________ is the dominating cause of early death.79. How come agriculture gives rise to air pollution?80. What can be done about residential energy use to reduce air pollution?81.The author wrote the article to __________________________________ .第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.原来那位女商人从没出过国，也根本不是什么华侨。