八年级英语下册《8B Unit 1 Past and present》Period 8 Checkout教案牛津版

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八年级英语8B Unit 1 Past and present译林版知识精讲

八年级英语8B Unit1Past and present译林版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：8B Unit1Past and presentGrammar 现在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。

其构成：have (has) +过去分词。

规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样，在动词词尾加ed; 不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表，需要同学记忆。

现以see the film为例将现在完成时的肯定句，否定句和疑问句列表如下：肯定句：I/You/We/They have seen the film.He/She /It has seen the film.否定句：I/You/We/They have not/ haven’t seen the film.He/ She/It has not/hasn’t seen the film.疑问句：Have I/you/they seen the film? Yes, you/ we/I/they have. No, you/ we/I/they ha ven’t.Has he/she/it seen the film? Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ she/ it hasn’t.现在完成时中常用的一些表达：already: 已经，常用于肯定句中，放在句中或句末。

用于疑问句常表示惊讶疑惑。

yet 已经，还，常用于疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。

ever 曾经，常用于疑问句中，放在句中。

never 从不，表示否定，放在句中。

just刚刚，常用于肯定句中，放在句中。

since 自从…以来，后面接时间点或从句。

for 后面接一段时间。

例：I have finished my homework already.My cousin hasn’t returned the library book yet.They have just given the food to the poor boy.Have you ever spoken to a foreigner? No, never.I have known him since ten years ago/ for ten years.My sister has lived in Canada since she was born.现在完成时中应注意的几个问题1. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。

8B Unit 1 Past and present知识清单

8B Unit 1 Past and present 知识清单一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.1.past and present 过去和现在【区别】① (A)in the past在过去（past作名词，此短语用于过去时句型中）(B)in/over/during the past ten years在过去的10年中（past作形容词，此短语用于现在完成时句型中）(C) half past one 一点半（past作介词）②at present = now = at the moment 现在，目前2.I have just eaten it. 我刚把它吃掉了。

【现在完成时】★【区别】①just now刚才（用于过去时中）I bougt a new bike just now.②just 刚才（用于现在完成时中）I have just bought a new bike just now.3.in the bowl 在碗里ed to share food with me 过去常常和我一起分享食物【used to do sth. 过去曾经做某事】ed to be so kind to me 过去常常对我这么友好【be kind/friendly/nice to sb.对某人友好】★【重点】①used to do sth. （过去时）过去经常做某事，曾经做某事。

My father used to be a teacher. = He was a teacher in the past.There used to be a small bridge over the river.= There was a small river over the river in the past.②be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于做某事【此句型中to为介词】I am used to getting up early.③be used to do sth. = be used for doing sth.（被动语态）被用来做某事Wood is used to make paper. =Wood is used for making paper.6.transport at different times 不同时代的交通(工具)7. take turns to talk about it 轮流谈论它①take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事②It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事③wait for one’s turn to do sth. 等待轮到某人做某事8. I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常骑自行车去上学。

八年级英语下册《8B Unit 1 Past and present》Period 1 Comic strip

《8B Unit 1 Past and present》Period 1 Comic strip& welcometo the unit【学习目标】语言知识：1. 掌握不同时期的交通工具。

2. 通过观察时间表并排列信息, 介绍现在完成时这一语法概念。

3. 用have in use 造句。

课前延伸一、根据中文、英语解释及句意写出单词。

1.My food was in the bowl an ________ (小时) ago.2.I your food because I was ________.3.There many ________ （改变）in my .My mother is doing some the bowl.2. What was in the bowl an the bowl 4. want to do sth.5. not…any more. 6. play with sb. 7. transport at different times. 8.since 1978 9.be in use(service) 10.back to the past三．翻译句子。

1. 公共汽车自从1935年投入使用。

2. 长途汽车自从1958年投入使用。

3. 出租车自从1913年投入使用。

4. 地铁自从1971年投入使用。

5. 轻轨自从2002年投入使用。

Keys: 1 .The bus in use since 1935.2. The coach in use since 1958.3. The taxi in use since 1913.4. The underground in use since 1971.5. The light rail in use since 2002.课后提升1. Recite all the new words we’ve learnt today.2. Find more information about transport at different times on the Internet.3.用所给词的正确形式填空。

苏教版译林牛津英语8B单词表(含音标精编版)

17
tiny
'taɪnɪ
adj.极小的
18
fall over
摔倒
19
continue
kən'tɪnju:
vi.&vt.继续
20
either
ˈaɪðə(r)
adv.也
21
manage
'mænɪdʒ
vi.&vt.设法完成；管理
22
lift
lɪft
vt.举起，抬高；提高
23
army
'ɑ:mɪ
n.大批，大群
ˈgæðə(r)
*vi.&vt.聚集，集合
54
darkness
'dɑ:knəs
*n.黑暗
55
lawn
lɔ:n
*n.草坪
56
musical
ˈmju:zikəl
*n.音乐剧
57
sail
seɪl
*n.帆
8B Unit4A good read单词
序号
英文
音标
中文
1
read
ri:d
n.读物
2
cooking
ˈkʊkɪŋ
rɪ'məʊt kən'trəʊl
*n.遥控器
48
ah
ɑ:
*excl.(表示惊奇,高兴等)啊
49
channel
'tʃænl
*n.频道
50
word processing
wə:d prəʊˈsesɪŋ
*n.文字处理
51
icon
'aɪkɒn
*n.图标
52
click

八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present (8)

Unit 1 Past and persent
Period 1Comic strip & Welcome to the unit
重点单词
听，并跟读下列单词
1. past n. 过去
2. present n. 现在，目前
3. just adv. 刚才
重点短语
听，并跟读下列短语
1. used to do sth过去常常做某事
2. share food with me和我分享食物
3. take turns to do sth轮流做某事
重点句型
听，并跟读下列句子
1. —Eddie, have you seen my food?
埃迪，你看见我的食物了吗？
—Yes. I've just eaten it.
看见了，我刚刚吃了它。

2. You used to share food with me!
你过去常常和我分享食物！
公交小句
听，并跟读下列句子
You have too many books to read. Why don't you share them with your classmates? 你有太多的书籍来读。

你为什么不与你的同学们分享呢？。

牛津英语8BUnit1Pastandpresent单元分析及课时教案

八年级牛津英语8B Unit1 Past and present 单元分析及课时教案金坛市第五中学英语组张文学执笔【教材分析】主要内容包括：一、语篇内容，本单元探讨的是时代变迁带来的变化和发展，涉及北京交通系统的变化，以及通过阳光城过去和现在的改变。

二、语法内容，本单元的语法内容时现在完成时，这一语法是学生学习的一个难点。

三、词汇学习技能，主要是反义词的构成与运用；以及如何使用英语词典查单词。

四、写作技能，能通过语篇的学习，掌握如何描述某地过去到现在所发生的变化。

【单元目标】知识目标：1．学习动词过去分词的拼写及现在完成的基本构成2．学习并识别使用现在完成时的语境。

3．识别反义词并掌握其正确的用法。

4．学习并掌握有关发展变化的词汇。

能力目标：1．熟悉并灵活地使用现在完成时谈论因时间变迁而产生的变化。

2．能理解采访时用到的问题并能对开放性延伸性的问题予以回答。

3．能听取有关大屿山变化的具体信息并能通过两幅照片的对比描述某地从过去某一时间到现在的发展变化。

学习技巧目标：进一步熟悉字母表的字母顺序，指导学生掌握查阅字典的技能。

情感目标：通过中国各地的发展变化，激发学生的爱国热情，进行爱国主义教育。

文化目标：通过阳光镇的过去到现在的发展和变化，了解时代的变迁。

【教学重难点】1.有目的的进行语篇教学及从阅读教学中的问题讨论、语篇分析、语义重构及机械模仿四个教学过程着手，培养学生的写作能力，提高学生的写作水平。

2. 现在完成时的教学是本单元语法教学中重中之重，也是学生学习的难点，是学生两级分化的关键。

3. 本单元的一些重点词汇及重要句子、句型。

【学情分析和教学建议】本单元的话题-过去与现在的变化，这与现在社会热点-改革开放30周年活动很贴近，这对学生学习课文有一定帮助，也为学生的写作提供有效的素材。

因此教师在教学设计与课堂教学过程中要准备充分的材料，从而让学生意识到改革开放各地变化，激发学生的爱国热情。

在教学方法上，教师可以采用Role-playing; Cooperating; Pre-reading; While-reading; Post-reading; brainstorming; listening for special information等教学、学习策略，正确利用好教学图片以及多媒体课件展开课堂教学体现教学过程中学生的参与活动work alone, Pair work, Group work, Discussion.词汇教学可以通过图片或多媒体进行，以原有知识带动新知识，并在教学词汇是，进行必要的句子教学或小篇段教学，使词汇教学不孤立。

牛津译林版 8B八年级下册 Unit1 Past and present 知识点梳理

八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在，目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经，永远，这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的，北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的，结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染；污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料；废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进，改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势，情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前，过去，已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的，寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时，有时，偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管，即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访；会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还，仍recently ['riːsntli]近来，最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆，运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境，条件，状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近，上一次；最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到（在）国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的；初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流，交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流，交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] （答语）正是，没错be/get used to 习惯于，适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人，并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8Bunit1 past and present 单元语法全解

牛津英语8Bunit1 past and present课文要点全解Comic strip1.I've just eaten it我刚把它吃了。

(教材第6页)just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚,刚才”,通常与现在完成时连用。

Mr Wang has just left our classroom,王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。

I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。

[拓展]①just副词，还可意为“正好，恰好;仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。

This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。

He is just a child他仅仅是一个孩子。

I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。

②.just own意为“刚才”相当于a moment ago,.常用于句来，用于一般过去时态的句子中。

I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

③just then意为“就在那时”。

Just then, someone knocked at the door.就在那时，有人敲门。

中考●链接I'm not hungry because I have ______had lunch.A.everB. neverC. justD. still解析:我们可用“前后照应法”解答此题。

ever"曾经”;never“从不” ;just“刚才，刚刚”;sill还;仍”。

由主句句意“我不饿”可推知从句句意应为“因为我刚吃过午饭”。

故选C。

答案:C2.Why?为什么? (教材第6页)这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是"Why did you cat my food?。

why引导的特殊疑问句用来询问原因，通常用because (因为)引导的句子来回答。

2023年牛津译林版八年级英语下册《8B Unit 1 Past and present》教案：St

《8B Unit 1 Past and present》教案：Study skillsTeaching aims:1.To understand the difference between facts and opinions.2.To learn the ways to express opinions.3.To learn to state facts an d ex press opinions.Important points:1.To understand the difference between facts and opi nions.2.To learn the way s to express opinionsDifficult point:To learn to state facts and express opinions.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Lead-in1. Do you still remember Starlight Town? It has changed a lot. What has changed in the environment, the transport and the living conditions?2. Then what do you think of Starlight Town? And why? Write down some of the answers, e.g. I think Starlight Town is a modern town. It has tall buildings and a new railway station. Te ll S s that the first sentence is an opinion, and the s econd one is a fact. Do you know what fact and opinion mean?3. Facts are true s tatements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. When people say something beginning with I think, I believe or I feel, or using adjectives like good, bad, and terrible, that must be their opinion.Step 2 Presentation1. Ask Ss to open their books and turn to page 17. Then ask then to look at more examples.2. Tell Ss: When we write, we can use facts to support our opinions. We can also give facts first, and then state our opinions. For example: “My hometown is beautiful.” This is an opinion. “ There are green hills all around. A river runs through the centre of town.”This is a fact.Step 3 Practice。

8B Unit 1 Past and present

If I want to go to the USA, how can I get there?
3.看图片，学习下列词汇：
light rail double-decker coach
Coach: It is a comfortable bus for carrying people over a long way.
8B Unit 1 Past and present
(Comic strip &Welcome to the unit)
执教者：李梅
复备栏
Teaching aims:
1.识记北京不同时期的交通工具。
2.通过观察时间表并排列信息，介绍现在完成时这一语法观念。
3.掌握下列词汇及句子：
1）past, present, since
1）过去，往事2）现在，目前3）自…以来
4）时代，时期5）运输，交通工具
6）轻轨7）双层公共汽车
Step 2新课导学(一)Wຫໍສະໝຸດ lcome to the unit
1.复习以前学过的五种交通工具：
2.回答问题：How do you go to school every day?
How do your parents go to work every day?
4.小组讨论：含有现在完成时的句子有哪些？你懂得他们的意思吗？
教学反思：
学生首次接触现在完成时，在理解时难度较大，本课通过不同时代的交通工具导入，让学生对新的时态有了更直观的认识。通过这次课的铺垫，相信学生在本单元后来的学习中一定更加的轻松。
2) not…any more, play with
3) Eddie,have you seen my food? I’ve just eaten it.

英语：牛津译林版八年级下册unit1《Past and present

Here are some photos of Beijing ten years ago. I also have some photos taken in Beijing this year.
Here are some photos of Beijing ten years ago. I also have some photos taken in Beijing this year.
Read and fill in the following table: Part2 (line10—31)
In the past
At present
People living in the town.
What we had/have in the town.
Water pollution
In the past
in size, price, etc. 7. throw away sth. You do not
want ,especially in a place which is not suitable.
since married dump realized reduce open space
lonely
Homework
Here are some photos of Beijing ten years ago. I also have some photos taken in Beijing this year.
New words 1. having a husband or wife 2. a large area without buildings 3. from a time in the past until now 4.got to know and understand sth. 5. unhappy because of being alone 6. make sth. less or smaller

8B Unit1 Past and present短语和句型整理背诵

8B Unit1 Past and presentUnit1 重点短语1.一小时前an hour ago2.过去常常和我分享食物used to share food with me3.太多人too many people4.自从我出生以来since I was born5.搬家move house6.住在城镇北部live in the northern part of town7.多年前years ago8.在镇中心in the town center9.把…变成…turn …into…10.结婚get married11.自从那时开始since then12.改变许多change a lot13.一家钢厂 a steel factory14.把废料排入河中put the waste into the river15.意识到这个问题realize the problem16.采取行动改善这种情况take action to improve the situation17.在某种程度上in some ways18.拥有一个美丽的现代化城镇have a beautiful modern town19.打牌和下中国象棋play cards and Chinese chess20.偶尔感到有点寂寞feel a bit lonely from time to time21.尽可能经常as often as possible22.在过去in the past23.从父母那搬走move away from their parents24.某人的一生all one’s life25.搬到两个街区以外的另一套公寓里move to another flat two blocks away26.教给我们许多中国历史方面的知识teach us a lot about the history of China27.坐公车来往于小镇travel to and from the town by bus28.从美国回来return from the USA29.出国go abroad30.互相保持联系keep in touch with each other31.主要用电邮交流mainly communicate by email32.使交流容易得多make communication much easier33.到处都是青山green hills all around34.有更多功课要学have more subjects to learn35.很快适应生活的变化get used to the changes of life quickly36.独自乘公交车去上学go to school by bus on one’s own37.狭窄肮脏的道路narrow and dirty roads38.一些开阔的空地large open spaces39.乘出租车四处旋转go around by taxi40.这学期转入一所新学校move to a new school this term41.居住条件living conditions42.在过去几年里/一个世纪里over the years/ the past centuryUnit1 重点句子1.你看到我的食物了吗？是的，我刚把它吃了。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit 1 Past and present短语和句型

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit 1 Past and present一、词组1)过去常常做某事used to do sth2)习惯做某事be/get used to doing sth3)被用来做某事be used to do sth4)对某人友好be kind to sb5)和某人分享某物share sth with sb6)做一份历史课题do a history project7)这些年，历年over the years8)北京的变化the changes in Beijing9)不同时代的运输工具transport at different times10)不同形式的交通工具different forms of transport11)等候下一班公交车wait for the next bus12)搬家move house13)居住在城镇的北部live in the northern part of town14)和某人结婚get/be married to sb15)结婚marry sb16)从那以后since then17)把……变成……turn… into …18)一家钢铁厂 a steel factory19)往河里扔废物put the waste into the river20)采取措施改善在这种情况take action to improve the situation21)在某种程度上in some ways22)我的大部分老朋友most of my old friends23)像以前一样经常as often as before24)打牌和下中国象棋play cards and Chinese chess25)感觉有一点孤独feel a bit lonely26)有时，偶尔from time to time / sometimes27)发生take place28)阳光镇的历史the history of Sunshine Town29)采访某人interview sb/have an interview with sb30)某人的一生all one’s life31)在过去/在现在/在将来in the past/at present/ in the future32)教许多关于中国的历史teach a lot about the history of China33)学习更多关于北京的过去和现在learn more about Beijing’s past and present34)听说这部电影hear about the film35)计划做某事plan to do sth36)居住环境，居住条件living conditions37)干净又新鲜的空气clean and fresh air38)从……返回return from / come back from39)回到……return to40)出国/ 国内外go abroad /at home and abroad41)和……保持联系keep in touch with42)主要通过电子邮件交流mainly communicate by email43)让交流变得容易的多make communication much easier44)玩乐的好去处 a good place to have fun45)穿过城镇的中心run through the centre of the town46)很快适应生活的变化get used to the changes of life quickly47)独自、独立on one’s own48)大的空地large open space49)在两边on both sides/on each/either side50)享受舒适的生活enjoy a comfortable life51)搬到/搬进/搬出move to /move into / move out of52)水/噪音/空气污染water/noise/air pollution/noise53)乘汽车往返城镇travel to and from the town54)听收音机listen to the radio55)在他们的空余时间in their free time二、句型1. 后来政府意识到了这个问题并采取措施改善了情况。

8B Unit1 Past and present Speak up&Study skills

Millie is telling Sandy about an old friend. Listen and answer the questions.
1. When did Millie meet Becky? Last week. 2. How long has Becky leave China? About five years. 3. Was Becky alone in the USA? No, she went abroad with her parents. 4. How does Millie communicate with Becky? By email. adv. 在国外
It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly. When I was in primary school, I walked to school with my mum. Now I go to school by bus on my own. We have more subjects to learn. Some subjects are difficult. I spend more time on my homework than before.
Opinion
Facts
There are green hills My hometown is all around. A river runs beautiful. through the centre of town.
Millie is writing about the changes in her life. Hnions and which are facts. Reorganize them into a short passage.

Unit1 Past and Present课堂知识点重点笔记讲义牛津译林版八年级英语下册

Unit1 Past and Present课堂知识点重点笔记讲义牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B U1 Past and presentComic strip-Welcome to the unit Key points01.现在完成时的结构▲①现在完成时的结构：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词, 助动词要随着主语的变化而变化，当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词要用has。

▲②现在完成时通常表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且还可能继续下去，或者表示过去的行为对现在造成一定的影响，可能还会产生结果等。

◆in the past/last ten/few years 在过去的十/几年里◆over the past/last ten/few years 在过去的十/几年里02.ago adv.以前▲ago的时间参照点是现在或说话的当时，通常与一般过去时连用。

看到ago，通常用一般过去时▲before通常用来表示“过去"的某个时间点之前，一般与现在完成时或过去完成时连用。

速记小法：before和ago巧记口诀:before常在点之前，ago总在段之后，before时态不确定，过去时中用ago。

▲before adv.以前，过去prep.在......之前▲before doing sth.03.just adv.刚才just可用于现在完成时中，置于助动词与实义动词之间，意为“刚才”。

◆just now = a moment ago 刚才(常用于一般过去时)◆just/wait a moment/minute 等一会儿；等一下；就来了；请稍等◆just then = at that moment 就在那时(常用于一般过去时)[单选常考混淆辨析]A.ever 曾经B. never 从不C.just 刚才D.still 仍然；依旧[联想拓展]→just = only adv.(加强语气)正好；仅仅，只不过→just adj.公正的；合适的ed to do sth.▲used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,表示过去经常性、反复性或习惯性的动作或状态，暗含的意思为“过去经常这样做，但现在却不这样做了"。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit1 Past and present 知识归纳与拓展

8B Unit1Past and present知识归纳与拓展【重点单词】1. present n. 现在，目前；礼物→ adj.目前的，现在的→ vt.呈现；赠送2. pollution n. 污染；污染物→ pollute vt. 污染3. waste n. 废料；废品→ vt.浪费4. impossible adj. 不可能的→ possible adj. 可能的5. communicate vi. & vt. 交流；传达→ communication n. 交流；交际6. exactly adv. 正是，没错→ exact adj. 精确的7. married adj. 已婚的→ marry vt. &vi. 结婚8. recently adv. 近来，最近→ recent ad j. 最近的9. northern adj.北方的，北部的→ north n. 北方st adv. 最近，上一次；最后→ adj. 最后的；最近的；最新的→ vi. 持续，维持【重点短语】1. share food with me和我分享食物2. all one's life某人的一生3. used to go to school by bike过去常常骑自行车上学4. since then从那以后5. in the northern part of town在城镇的北部6. turn part of the town centre into a new park把镇中心的一部分变成一个新公园7. take action to improve the situation采取措施改善状况8. move away搬走9. feel a bit lonely感到有点儿孤单10. from time to time有时，不时11. get married结婚12. take place发生；举行13. enjoy a comfortable life享受一种舒适的生活14. move into new flats搬进新公寓15. return from the USA从美国回来16. go abroad出国17. keep in touch with each other彼此保持联系18. on one’s own靠某人自己；独自19. in some ways在某些方面20. communicate by email通过电子邮件交流【重点句型】1. ... and it took a long time to wait for the next one. ( P7 )原句意为：……等候下一班车要用很长时间。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B-Unit1-4知识点整理归纳

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit1-48B Unit1Past and present四会词组：ed to do sth.过去经常做某事2.share sth with sb与某人分享某物3.take a bus to sp/go to sp by bus乘车去某地4.ride a bike to sp/go to sp by bike骑车去某地5.in the northern part of town在镇北边6.get/be married to与某人结婚7.since then从此一直8.over the years多年以来9.turn…into…把……变成10.put the waste into the river把废物放进河里11.take action to improve the situation采取措施改善这种情况12.in some ways在某些方面13.feel a bit lonely感到有点儿寂寞14.sometimes/at times/from time to time有时15.all one’s life在某人的一生中16.over the past century在过去的一个世纪17.learn more about对…了解更多18.clean and fresh air新鲜空气19.living conditions生活条件20.railway station火车站21.return from the USA从美国归来22.at primary school在小学23.go abroad出国24.keep in touch with与某人保持联系25.much easier更加容易26.be/get used to(doing)sth习惯于(做)某事27.alone/by oneself/on one’s own单独28.on both sides of the road在路的两边rge open spaces大的开放空间30.in their free/spare time在他们的空闲时间四会句型：1.You used to share food with me!你过去经常与我分享食物！2.It took a long time to wait for the next one.要花很长时间等下一班车。