主谓一致详解

Men of this kind/sort are dangerous.

10）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means, works, species(种类), Chinese, Japanese等。当它们的前面有a, such a, this, that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。

11）如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。

All of my students work hard.

All of the oil is gone.

12）在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：

Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.

2．由连接词连接的名词作主语。

1）用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。

Truth and honesty is the best policy.

To love and to be loved is the great happiness.

Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

A knife and fork is on the table.

2）当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词

组时，采取“就远原则”。

3）以or, either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。

3．代词作主语。

1）名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。

Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.

Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.

2）such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。

Such is our plan. Such are his last words.

3）关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

4）疑问词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。

5）不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：

（A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Now all has been changed. All are present.（B）其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has

(have) seen the film.

4．分数、量词作主语。

Exercises for consolidation

I. Multiple choice

1. The engineer and manager referred to ________ to design something.

A. be going

B. are going

C. be likely

D. is going

2. Apples of this kind _________.

A. tastes good

B. tastes well

C. taste good

D. taste well

3. The manager or his secretary _______ to give you an interview.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

4. Ten thousand dollars _______ a large sum of money.

A. seem

B. were

C. is

D. are

5. Between the two buildings ________ our library.

A. is standing

B. standing

C. stand

D. stands

6. The United Nations ______ in 1945.

A. was found

B. was founded

C. were founded

D. were found

7. _________ were also invited to the party.

A. Smiths

B. The Smiths

C. The Smith

D. Mr. Smith

8. The old _______ taken good care of in our country.

A. is

B. has

C. are

D. have

9. The number of teachers in our school ______ greatly increased this term. A number

of teachers in this school ________ from the countryside.

A. is, is

B. is, are

C. are, are

D. are, is

10. The students in our class each ________ an English dictionary.

A. are having

B. had

C. has

D. have

11. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. has

12. Either you or the headmaster_____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. (94年上海卷)

A. is handing out

B. are to hand out

C. are handing out

D. is to hand out

13. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.

A. smoke

B. smoking

C. to smoke

D. smoked

14. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________.

A. speaking

B. spoken

C. speak

D. being spoken

15. Why do you have the water __________ all the time?

A. ran

B. to be running

C. running

D. being running

16. I’ll go to Beijing next week. Do you have anything__________ to your father?

A. to take

B. taken

C. being taken

D. to be taken

17. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university. (98上海)

A. hope

B. hopes

C. hoping

D. hoped

18. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass. (2000上海)

A. Two fifth; is

B. Two fifth; are

C. Two fifths; is

D. Two fifths; are

19. Every possible means _____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not

clear. (2000上海春)

A. is used

B. are used

C. has been used

D. have been used