主谓一致详解
语法中的主谓一致原则详解
语法中的主谓一致原则详解主谓一致是语法中的一个重要原则,在句子结构中起到保持语法逻辑性和句子准确性的作用。
它要求主语和谓语在人称、数和人称上保持一致。
本文将详细解释主谓一致原则,并通过多个实例进行说明。
在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个基本准则。
它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,如果主语是单数,那么谓语也必须是单数形式;如果主语是复数,那么谓语也必须是复数形式。
这样做可以使句子更加清晰、准确,避免产生歧义。
下面是一些例子来解释主谓一致原则。
例子一:正确:The dog barks.在这个例子中,主语 "The dog" 是单数形式,而谓语 "barks" 也是单数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子二:正确:The dogs bark.在这个例子中,主语 "The dogs" 是复数形式,而谓语 "bark" 也是复数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子三:正确:He runs every morning.在这个例子中,主语 "He" 是单数形式,而谓语 "runs" 也是单数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子四:正确:They run every morning.在这个例子中,主语 "They" 是复数形式,而谓语 "run" 也是复数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
通过这些例子,我们可以看到主谓一致的原则运用在不同类型的句子中。
无论是肯定句、疑问句还是否定句,主谓一致原则都需要被遵守。
除了人称和数,还有其他因素也会影响主谓一致的运用,比如连接词和修饰词。
例子五:正确:Either the cat or the dog is responsible for the mess.在这个例子中,主语 "Either the cat or the dog" 是单数形式,而谓语"is" 也是单数形式,两者在人称和数上保持一致。
中考英语总复习之主谓一致-详解与练习
定义:主谓一致是指1。
语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2。
意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致.3。
就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词用动词复数.主谓一致的用法:1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。
例如:The desk is Tom’s。
这张桌子是汤姆的.Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里.The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球.2。
many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。
例如: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
例如:More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。
例如:Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy。
2 0英镑并不太重。
Ten miles isn't a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。
Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。
5。
主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
主谓一致英语语法详细讲解
主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。
例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。
②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。
2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。
3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。
②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。
主谓一致详解
主谓一致详解在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both …and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意:①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如:The writer and artist has come.; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
高中英语主谓一致讲解
2. the rest of; half of; part of;
majority of; percent of; one
third of在句子中加名词作主语的
时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持
一致。
have Half of the students _____finished their
composition.
is
is to blame 4>.He, rather than you, _____________(即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)
分数 + of ; 百分数 + of + 名词 some of ; part of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ; ….
2.
1)
Every … and (every)… 2) each …and (each)… 3)no …and (no)…, 4) many a …and (many a)…连接两 个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
is 3. To get the most profits ______ the common aim of businessmen.
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解在高中英语语法中,主谓一致是一个重要且常考的知识点。
理解和掌握主谓一致的规则对于正确表达句子意思、提高英语语言运用能力至关重要。
接下来,让我们详细探讨一下高中英语主谓一致的相关内容。
主谓一致,简单来说,就是句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
这看似简单,但在实际运用中却有许多需要注意的地方。
首先,我们来看语法一致原则。
当主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也要用单数形式;当主语是复数形式时,谓语动词则要用复数形式。
例如,“The book is interesting”(这本书很有趣。
)这里主语“the book”是单数,所以谓语动词“is”也是单数。
再比如,“The books are on the shelf”(这些书在架子上。
)“books”是复数,谓语动词“are”也是复数。
但是,有些情况会稍微复杂一些。
比如,当主语是由“and”连接的两个或多个名词时,通常谓语动词用复数形式。
但如果这几个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如,“The singer and dancer is coming”(这位歌手兼舞者要来了。
)这里“singer and dancer”指的是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数“is”。
而“The singer and the dancer are good friends”(这位歌手和这位舞者是好朋友。
)这里“singer”和“dancer”指的是两个人,谓语动词就用复数“are”。
其次,意义一致原则也是主谓一致中的重要部分。
有时候,主语的形式是单数,但意义上却是复数;或者主语形式是复数,意义上却是单数。
这时候,谓语动词的形式就要根据主语的实际意义来决定。
例如,“The family is a big one”(这个家庭是个大家庭。
)这里“family”指的是整个家庭这个整体,是单数概念,所以谓语动词用“is”。
而“His family are all waiting for him”(他的家人都在等他。
主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案
1 .主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。
1.语法一致原则语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn ’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。
汤姆不喜欢游泳。
Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。
2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。
有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。
The news was exci ng. 这条消息令人振奋。
3.就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。
当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or either...or……, neither …nor nor……, not only …but also …, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。
Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。
主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题,1.主语为集体名词(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。
如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。
主谓一致的用法详解
主谓一致的用法详解主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
正确运用主谓一致规则不仅可以使句子表达准确,还可以提升整体语言的流畅性和规范性。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的用法及相关注意事项。
一、基本规则1. 单数主语对应单数谓语动词:例子:The cat sleeps on the sofa.(猫在沙发上睡觉。
)2. 复数主语对应复数谓语动词:例子:The dogs bark loudly.(狗在大声叫。
)3. 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式:例子:Time flies.(时间飞逝。
)二、特殊情况及注意事项1. 复合主语当主语由两个或更多名词组成,并由and连接时,谓语动词通常用复数形式:例子:Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。
)2. 不定代词的用法a) 当不定代词everyone,everyone,either,neither或many a以及由some,any,no等词构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式:例子:Everyone has their own dreams.(每个人都有自己的梦想。
)b) 当不定代词some,many或both作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式根据其后的名词决定:例子:Some of the students are going on a field trip.(一些学生将进行实地考察。
)3. 存在复数主语的情况a) 当两个或多个单数主语被连接词and连接时,谓语动词用复数形式:例子:Bread and butter are my breakfast.(面包和黄油是我的早餐。
)b) 当两个或多个单数主语由or或nor连接时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致:例子:Neither the cat nor the dog likes milk.(猫和狗都不喜欢牛奶。
)4. 存在特殊句型的情况a) 当主语是以“The only one of...”或“One of...”开头的句子时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其后的名词:例子:One of my friends is coming to visit me.(我的一个朋友要来看我。
主谓一致用法详解及练习题 附答案
主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要问题,它指的是主语和谓语动词在数上必须保持一致。
一般来说,主谓一致有三个原则,分别是语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
首先,语法一致原则要求谓语动词和主语在语法形式上必须保持一致。
如果主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
例如,“Tom doesn’t like swimming.”和“Jane and Mary look alike.”都符合语法一致原则。
其次,意义一致原则指的是谓语动词和主语的一致要根据主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。
有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式。
例如,“The football team are having breakfast now.”和“The news was exciting.”都符合意义一致原则。
最后,就近原则指的是谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。
当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。
or…。
neither…nor…。
not only…but also…。
or等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如,“Either your students or Mr Wang knows this.”和“Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film.”都符合就近原则。
在主谓一致的三个原则中,需要特别注意的是主语为集体名词的情况。
某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。
如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如,“Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject.”和“Our group is made up of four girls and five boys.”就分别符合这两种情况。
英语中的主谓一致 详解
主谓一致1.语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。
也就是说,如果名词词组中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词词组中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。
如果一个不可数名词、一个动名词、一个不定式或一个从句作主语,谓语就用单数;如果两个不可数名词、两个动名词、两个不定式或两个从句作主语(不是指同一个事物),谓语就用复数。
1)主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时,主谓一致仍看原中心词;A.表示增加的: as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等;The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.B.表示减去的: except, but(除去)等;All the students except Tom have been to America.C.表示补充说明的: including, rather than, like, such as等;The textbook, plus its reference books, is well designed.2)单个从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数;两个或两个以上从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
但指同一事时,谓语动词用单数。
How close parents are to their children is a strong influence on the character of the children.When we are to hold the sports meet hasn’t been decided.When we go to Beijing and how we go to Beijing is up to you.Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t matter.That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.Looking afer the children is my full time job.To die for the people is a worhy death.When and where to hold the meeting is unknown. Playing bakeball and swimming are his favorite sports.3) this kind of与名词+of this kind由a kind of,this kind of, many kinds of后跟名词作主语时,谓语要和kind保持一致。
高考英语 主谓一致用法详解
主谓一致主谓一致是指:1〕语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2〕意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3〕就近原如此,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。
此题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细区分,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样此题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原如此1〕当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
主谓一致规则详解主谓一致的基本原则与常见例子
主谓一致规则详解主谓一致的基本原则与常见例子主谓一致规则详解主谓一致是英语中的重要语法规则之一,它指的是句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
在构建英语句子时,主语和谓语之间需要协调,以确保句子的语法正确和语义清晰。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的基本原则,并列举一些常见的例子。
一、单数主语与单数谓语当句子的主语为单数形式时,谓语动词也要使用单数形式。
例如:1. The cat meows loudly.(这只猫发出大声的喵声。
)2. The teacher writes on the whiteboard.(老师在白板上写字。
)二、复数主语与复数谓语当句子的主语为复数形式时,谓语动词也要使用复数形式。
例如:1. The cats meow loudly.(这些猫发出大声的喵声。
)2. The teachers write on the whiteboard.(老师们在白板上写字。
)三、不可数名词的主谓一致不可数名词通常用于泛指或抽象概念,它们与谓语动词在句子中不具备数量上的一致性。
例如:1. Rice is a staple food in many Asian countries.(米饭是许多亚洲国家的主食。
)2. Happiness brings joy to people's lives.(幸福给人们的生活带来了喜悦。
)四、一些特殊情况1. 连系动词“be”后面的形容词要与主语一致。
例如:- She is happy.(她很开心。
)- They are tired.(他们很累。
)2. 以及主语是复数形式但意思是单数的词,谓语动词也需使用单数形式。
例如:- Mathematics is my favorite subject.(数学是我最喜欢的科目。
) - News travels fast.(新闻传播很快。
)五、单数或复数主语加不定代词当句子的主语是单数或复数形式并且后跟一个不定代词(如each, every, either, neither, none, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody)时,谓语动词通常使用单数形式。
英语主谓一致详解
1. 代词做主语A.主语是he, she, it, either, neither, each, one, the other, another, anything, anyone, something, someone, somebody, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等代词时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
如:(1) Somebody is asking for you. 有人在找你。
(2) Everyone is here. 大家都来了。
(3) There is something wrong with my bike. 没有的单车有点毛病。
B.主语是I(除be 动词用am外) , you, we, they代词时,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
如:(1) I like to stay here with you. 我喜欢跟你在这儿。
(2) They are all soldiers. 他们都是战士。
(3) We play football after school. 我们放学后踢足球。
C.主语是:who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any, none, the rest, the remainder时,谓语动词的形式须依具体情况而定。
如:(1)Who’s the girl over ther e? 那边的那个女孩是谁?(2) Who are the boys playing games there? 在那里做游戏的男孩子是哪些人?(3)What’s this?这是什么?(4) What are those? 哪些是什么?(5) Which is yours? 哪一个是你的?(6)Which are children’s? 哪一些是孩子们的?2. 名词做主语A.一般说来,不可数名词及可数名词的单数做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
英语语法详解主谓一致语法
(三)谓语动词的单、复数要视情形而定的情况 1 由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。例如: • Your problem and mine are similar.
• 但当and连接的词语作整体考虑,指同一人、同一事物 或概念时,谓语动词用单数。例如: • The worker and poet has published a collection of poems recently. • Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
•
但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义,可作复 数用。 • 例如: • Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college. • The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.
7以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题 • 以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如: arthritis(关节炎),bronchitis(支气管 炎),diabetes(糖尿病),mumps(腮腺 炎),phlebitis(静脉炎),rickets(软骨病), Measles(麻疹)这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主 语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。 • 例如: • Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient. • The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease. • Measles(麻疹) usually occurs in children. • Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.
主谓一致语法详解
英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。
主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。
主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。
谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。
We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。
使用语法一致的情况(1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。
My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。
注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。
No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。
(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:with,along with,together with,as well as,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。
The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
主谓一致知识点
主谓一致1.原则:语法一致,就近一致,概念/意义一致。
2.详解:语法一致原则:⑴主语单复数与谓语动词的一致A.主语的单数名词/代词与谓语动词的一致:①单数名词/代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
有些单数集体名词为不可数名词:如furniture,equipment,merchandise,baggage,machinery,clothing等做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
主语是复数名词/只有复数形式的名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
常见的这类名词有:clothes,belongings(财物),earnings(薪水),savings (积蓄,存款);surroundings(环境),odds(可能性,概率),remains(剩余物,残留物),goods商品,fireworks烟火表演,thanks 感谢。
The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。
Water is useful. 水很有用。
The students are having an English lesson. 那些学生在上英语课。
一些不可数名词前有量词修饰时,语法上规定,谓语动词的数要和数量词保持一致Quantities of food in the shop have gone bad.=A quantity of food in theshop has gone bad. 那家商店大量的食物都变质了②many a+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
Many+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
Many a worker was killed in the accident. 在这次事故中死了许多工人。
③more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数,more +复数名词+than one做主语,谓语动词用复数。
More than one person has known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
主谓一致详解
主谓一致详解基础知识主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系..对大多数人来说;往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难..一般情况下;主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则grammatical concord意义一致原则notional concord就近原则principle of proximity一语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致;就是语法一致..也就是说;如果名词中心词是单数;动词用单数形式;如果名词中心词是复数;动词用复数形式..例如:This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.二意义一致原则有时;主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义;而不是语法上的单、复数形式;这样的一致关系就是意义一致..例如:Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.三就近原则有时;谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语..例如:Either my grandsons or their father is coming.No one except his daughters agree with him.Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.Neither Richard nor I am going.二、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题有些集合名词;ommittee;council;crew;crowd;family;gang;government;group;mob;staff;team; union等;在意义上是复数;但在语法形式上是单数;这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则..例如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.一通常作复数的集体名词包括police;people; cattle; militia; vermin等;这些集体名词通常用作复数..例如:The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.二通常作不可数名词的集体名词通常作不可数名词的集体名词;包括poultry;foliage;machinery; equipment;furniture; merchandise等;这类名词后的动词用单数形式..例如:Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.三可作单数也可作复数的集体名词可作单数也可作复数的集体名词;包括audience; committee; crew; family; government;jury 等..例如:The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.三、a committee; etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a the board of +复数名词构成;随后的动词通常用单数..例如:A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.A panel of experts has considered the situation.The board of managers is responsible for the firm.四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es;但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词..它们用法多样;造成了实际使用上的困难;以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题..一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如:arthritis;bronchitis;diabetes;mumps;phlebitis;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.Measles usually occurs in children.Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Darts is basically a easy game.Marbles is not confined to children.Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.Draughts is not very difficult to learn.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如:Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如:The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如:The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics;mathematics;mechanics; optics; acoustics; politics statistics; economics; linguistics; athletics等; 谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Physics is a fundamental subject in science.The third world economics is promising.Acoustics studies the science of sound.Mathematics is an interesting subject.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如:Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.The economics of the project are still at issue.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses; pincers;pliers;scissors; shorts;suspenders;trousers等;这类名词做主语;如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词;谓语动词通常用复数..例如:Mary's glasses are new.John's trousers are black.如果带有单位词; 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式..例如:One pair of pincers isn't enough.Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.B.其他以-s结尾的名词英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词;如archives;arms;clothes; contents; eaves; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains stairs; suburbs; thanks;wages这类名词作主语时;谓语动词通常用复数..例如:The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.The contents of the book are most amusing.High wages often result in high prices.My thanks are sincere.五、如果句子的主语是并列结构;其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则:一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语;可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式.. 例如:Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.Fish and chips are getting very expensive.A truck and a car were in the ditch.Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each;every;或者many a 等限定词时;谓语动词通常用单数..例如:Each man and each woman there is asked to help.Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.Every change of season; every change of weather; indeed every hour of the day; produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由or;nor;either...or; neither...nor;not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语;随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理..例如:Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.Not only one; but all of us are hoping to be there.Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题当主语后面跟有由as much as; rather than ; more than; no less than 等引导的从属结构;或跟有由as well as; in addition to ;with; along with; together with; except等引导的词组时; 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式..例如:The vessel; with its entire crew and cargo was lost.The ocean; as well as the gulf and the bay; provides good fishing.John; rather than his roommates; is to blame.Hugh;as well as his two sisters; is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband;more than anyone else in the family; is longing to go there again.Billy; together with his sisters; was wounded in the accident.No one except two girls was late for school.六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题数量概念分两类:一类是确定数量;如two years; five seconds;three kilos;等;另一类是非确定数量;如all of...; some of...; none of.....如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语;会产生主谓一致问题..一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时;如果数量概念被看做一个整体;动词用单数;如果被看做组成该数量的个体;动词用复数..例如:The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask."Two months is too short a time;" General manager warned; "we must hurry up."Three weeks is needed to complete the task.There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.A total of 50;000 new bicycles was registered in the year.如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成;其动词形式取决于of词组中名词的类别..例如:Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.两数相减或相除;谓语动词用单数;两数相加或相乘;谓语动词可用单数;也可用复数..例如:Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.Forty-two divided by six is seven.Six and eight makes/make fourteen.Six times eight is/are forty-eight.如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成;在正式语体中;动词用单数..例如:One in ten students has passed the examination.One out of twelve bottles was left intact.二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题如果主语由"a portion of; a series of; a pile of; a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of; this kind/sort/type of+名词”构成;谓语动词通常用单数..例如:A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.A portion of reports is deceiving.This kind of cars is rather expensive.This type of women is dangerous.That type of machines is up-to-date.如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成;随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则;用单数..例如:Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.Many a man has his own responsibility.More than one student has failed the exam.More than one ship was lost this year.如果主语是all of; some of;none of; half of; most of;lots of;loads of ;plenty of;等表示非确定数量的名词词组;谓语动词的单、复数形式根据of词组中名词类别而定..例如:Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.All of the cargo was lost.Some of the books were badly torn.None of my friends ever come to see me.Half of the building was destroied during the war.Half of the students are eager to leave now.Lots of people are waiting outside.Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.。
高中语法详解复合句的主谓一致与语态
高中语法详解复合句的主谓一致与语态复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子结构。
在复合句中,主句和从句之间的主谓一致和语态的使用是非常重要的语法规则。
本文将详细解释复合句中主谓一致和语态的正确应用。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主句和从句中的主语和谓语之间在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,当主句的主语是第三人称单数时,从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式;当主句的主语是第一人称或第二人称时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的形式。
例如:1. My sister, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(我的姐姐是医生,她在一家医院工作。
)2. The students, who are studying for the exam, need to review their notes.(学生们正在为考试而学习,他们需要复习笔记。
)另外,当主句和从句之间含有连接词such as、like、including等引导的列举性从句时,从句的谓语动词一般用复数形式,以适应列举的内容。
例如:1. I have many hobbies, such as playing soccer, swimming, and hiking.(我有很多爱好,比如踢足球、游泳和徒步旅行。
)2. She has a lot of pets, including cats, dogs, and birds.(她有很多宠物,包括猫、狗和鸟。
)二、语态的正确应用语态是指动词的主动形式和被动形式。
在复合句中,根据句子的语境和需要,选择适当的语态是很重要的。
1. 主动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
在复合句中,主动语态常用于描述一般事实、客观真理或表达作者的观点。
例如:1. The teacher explained the grammar rule in a simple way, so that everyone could understand.(老师以简单的方式解释了语法规则,以便每个人都能理解。
高中英语语法-主谓一致详解及练习
高一语法---主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。
一.谓语动词用单数的情况1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语,谓语用单数。
如:Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.To understand the situation completely requires more thought.2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。
Two weeks was too long. Ten yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。
3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念,谓语用单数:law and order 法制soap and water 肥皂水a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 针线trial and error 反复尝试,不断摸索horse and carriage 马车time and tide 岁月bread and butter 奶油面包the ebb and flow 盛衰,潮涨潮落Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man4. 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。
5. 两个用and连接的单数可数名词作主语,且第二个名词前无冠词,表示“一体”或“一双”,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致 详解 超详细
1、形式一致之吉白夕凡创作主语是复数,谓语动词用复数形式主语是单数,谓语动词用单数形式2、语意一致谓语动词用单数的清况1)当名词词组中心词为暗示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时,把这些复数名词看作一个整体。
谓语动词采取单数形式。
Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt.Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名,谓语动词用单数以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时,经常使用单数谓语动词形式。
当这些名词暗示实际内容时,谓语动词则用复数形式。
这类单词有: economics经济学 electronics电子学physics物理学 politics政治学mathematics数学 statistics统计学Rootswas a novel about a slave family.His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend.Politics is his favorite subject.Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce.Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn.3)有些暗示某类此外总称的集合名词,如:machinery(机械),clothing(衣服),luggage(行李),furniture(家具),equipment(设备),jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时,谓语动词经常使用单数。
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Men of this kind/sort are dangerous.10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致的原则,用作单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。
这类名词有means, works, species(种类), Chinese, Japanese等。
当它们的前面有a, such a, this, that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all、such、these、those修饰时,谓语用复数。
11)如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语,所指是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,反之用单数。
All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
如:Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.2.由连接词连接的名词作主语。
1)用and或both … and 连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。
但如果并列主语指的是同一个人,同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
Truth and honesty is the best policy.To love and to be loved is the great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.2)当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,采取“就远原则”。
3)以or, either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also等连接的词作主语时,采取“就近原则”。
3.代词作主语。
1)名词型物主代词连接的动词,既可以用单数,也可以用复数,这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.2)such、the same起指示代词作用时,应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such is our plan. Such are his last words.3)关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
4)疑问词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
5)不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时,要注意下列情况:(A)单独作主语时,视其在文中的意义,动词可用单数或复数形式。
Now all has been changed. All are present.(B)其后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,动词用单数形式;若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词可以是单数,也可以是复数;在正式文体中,单数形式的动词更常用。
Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has(have) seen the film.4.分数、量词作主语。
Exercises for consolidationI. Multiple choice1. The engineer and manager referred to ________ to design something.A. be goingB. are goingC. be likelyD. is going2. Apples of this kind _________.A. tastes goodB. tastes wellC. taste goodD. taste well3. The manager or his secretary _______ to give you an interview.A. isB. areC. wasD. were4. Ten thousand dollars _______ a large sum of money.A. seemB. wereC. isD. are5. Between the two buildings ________ our library.A. is standingB. standingC. standD. stands6. The United Nations ______ in 1945.A. was foundB. was foundedC. were foundedD. were found7. _________ were also invited to the party.A. SmithsB. The SmithsC. The SmithD. Mr. Smith8. The old _______ taken good care of in our country.A. isB. hasC. areD. have9. The number of teachers in our school ______ greatly increased this term. A numberof teachers in this school ________ from the countryside.A. is, isB. is, areC. are, areD. are, is10. The students in our class each ________ an English dictionary.A. are havingB. hadC. hasD. have11. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.A. isB. areC. wasD. has12. Either you or the headmaster_____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. (94年上海卷)A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out13. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked14. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken15. Why do you have the water __________ all the time?A. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running16. I’ll go to Beijing next week. Do you have anything__________ to your father?A. to takeB. takenC. being takenD. to be taken17. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university. (98上海)A. hopeB. hopesC. hopingD. hoped18. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass. (2000上海)A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; isD. Two fifths; are19. Every possible means _____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still notclear. (2000上海春)A. is usedB. are usedC. has been usedD. have been used20. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ____ each year.(05高考山东卷25)A. is washing awayB. is being washed away。