writing_lecture 2

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Academic Writing Lecture 2

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Minor Connectors
• My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features. First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. On either side of this river, which is 175 feet wide, are many willow trees which have long branches that can move gracefully in the wind. In autumn the leaves of these trees fall and cover the riverbanks like golden snow. Second, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. Even though it is steep, climbing this hill is not dangerous, because there are some firm rocks along the sides that can be used as stairs. There are no trees around this hill, so it stands clearly against the sky and can be seen from many miles away. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place. • What about the other words in bold, such as those appearing in the phrases "these trees" and "this hill"? We can call these minor connectors. Minor connectors provide coherence to a paragraph by connecting sentences within each of the main parts of your paragraph. That is, when you write about your main points, you can use minor connectors to link your details to each main point.

托福听力tpo40 lecture1、2、3、4 原文+题目+答案+译文

托福听力tpo40lecture1、2、3、4原文+题目+答案+译文Lecture1 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (5)译文 (6)Lecture2 (7)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Lecture3 (13)原文 (13)题目 (16)答案 (18)译文 (18)Lecture4 (20)原文 (20)题目 (22)答案 (24)译文 (24)Lecture1原文NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.MALE PROFESSOR:Last class I passed out your assignment for your first paper,and today I want to spend some time going over it.Mm…most people never take any art history until they get to college,so many of you have probably never written an art history paper before.I gave you a list of appropriate works of art for you to write about.So your next step in this process needs to be to go look at the work you've selected as your topic.And bring a pencil and a notepad with you,because I don't mean you should just drop by at the museum and glance at it so you can say you've seen it in real life.You need to go and sit in front of the work and really look at it—carefully and slowly.And keep careful notes about what you see—you’ll need them for the kind of art history paper you're going to be writing…it's what we call a formal analysis.A formal analysis of a work of art,any kind of art,is based on its formal qualities, which means qualities related to the form—things like color…texture…line…shapes…proportion…and composition.Probably the closest thing to a formal analysis you might have written is for an English class.If you've…say…written an analysis of a poem,you've used the same skills—you've given an analysis of the poem by describing and analyzing its form and meter.A formal analysis paper in art history is very similar.Now,before you begin writing your formal analysis,you'll want to start with a summary of the overall appearance of the work—a brief description of what you see. Are there figures—people?What are they doing?Or is it a landscape…or an abstract representation of something?Tell what the subject is,and what aspects are emphasized in the painting.This will give your reader an overview of what the work looks like before you analyze it.The next part of your paper—the actual formal analysis—will be the longest and most important section of your paper,where you describe and analyze individual design elements.For this portion of the paper,you're going to rely on the notes you took at the museum,because you should be able to describe in detail the design elements the artist uses,and how they are used.For example,does the artist use harsh lines or soft lines—are the colors bright or muted?Focus on the design elements that you feel are most strongly represented in that particular work of art. And if you don't know where to begin,take note of where your eye goes first.Then describe things in the order in which your eye moves around the work.This will help you understand how one part relates to another—the interaction between the different parts of the work.OK,this kind of analysis should occur throughout the main portion of the paper.In the last section of your paper—and this goes beyond formal analysis—you comment on the significance of what you have seen.What details of the work convey meaning?Some significant details will not be apparent to you right away,but if you look long enough,you realize how important they are for your interpretation of the work.Many years ago,I was writing a formal analysis of a painting of a little boy.In the painting,a little boy was standing in his nursery,and he was holding a toy bird in his hand,and there were more toys around him in the background of the painting. Because of the bird he was holding,I assumed at first that the painting was about the innocence of children.But as I looked at the painting longer,I realized that the boy's eyes looked sad even though there was no discernable expression on his face.And then it dawned on me that,even though he was surrounded by toys,he was all alone in his nursery.The boy's eyes were a significant detail in the painting,that I didn't notice at first.题目1.What point does the professor make about the writing of a formal analysis in art history?A.Its objective is to identify common features of several works of art.B.Its most important part is the explanation of an artwork's significance.C.Several styles of writing a formal analysis are used by art historians.D.A particular approach is required to present Information about an artwork.2.According to the professor,what will students need to do before writing the art history paper?A.Look at examples of formal analysis in textbooksB.Take notes on the artwork they will write aboutC.Go to different museums before selecting a topic for the paperD.Study the historical context of the artwork they will write about3.Why does the professor mention an English class?A.To explain the difference between visual language and written languageB.To explain that students need good writing skills for their assignmentC.To point out similarities between a poetry paper and the students'assignmentD.To point out that many art historians become writers4.What does the professor recommend as a way to understand the relationship between different parts of an artwork?A.Looking for lines that connect different parts of the workB.Examining the artwork from several different anglesC.Looking for similar colors the artist used throughout the workD.Determining how the viewer's eyes move around the work5.Why does the professor talk about his own experience analyzing the painting of a little boy?A.To point out a common misconception about formal analysisB.To stress the importance of looking at an artwork thoroughlyC.To show why a formal analysis should not emphasize small detailsD.To provide an example of an artwork that is easy to analyze6.The professor describes three sections the art history paper should contain.Place them in the order in which they should appear in the paper.Click on a phrase.Then drag it to the space where it belongs.A.Analysis of the design elements the artist usesB.Discussion of the meaning of the artworkC.Summary of the appearance of the artwork答案D B C D B CAB译文旁白：下面听一段艺术史课程的片段。

lecture 2 西方翻译理论

2)连贯性法则(coherence rule)

诺德将连贯法则分为文内连贯(intratextual coherence)和文际连贯(intertextual coherence)。所谓文内连贯是指“目标语文本应该要可接受和有意义，即目标语文本与接收环境连贯一致。‘与... 连贯’与接收者的环境和文化‘的一部分’同义。”(Nord,2001:32)而文际连贯又称忠诚原则，是指“以目的论为指向的翻译框架下的原文文本与目标文本之间的关系。”
交际理论学派

奈达是交际翻译理论的代表。他的翻译理论可归纳为六个方面：（1）理论原则。所有语言都具有同等表达能力，而翻译的首要任务就是使读者看译文可一目了然。（2）翻译的性质。按照奈达的定义，“所谓翻译，是指从语义到文体（风格）在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息”。其中三点是关键：一是“顺乎自然”，译文不能有翻译腔；二是 “最切近”，在“自然”的基础上选择意义与原文最接近的译文；三是“对等”，这是核心。所以，翻译必须达到四个标准：（a）达意；（b）传神；（c）措词通顺自然；（d）读者反应相似。

但是正如人们正愈益深刻地认识到的那样，翻译活动决不仅仅是一种语言文字的转换操作，它在本质上是一种特殊的语际交流活动，涉及到一系列的超语言范畴，涉及到语言外其他的文化系统。语言学派的弱点就在于它只注重原文和译文在语言上的对等，而忽视了话语的交际功能以及翻译活动与社会文化之间的关系，有见树不见林之虞。（近二十年来语言学派开始注重研究话语层面上的等值问题，在一定程度上弥补了早期研究的缺陷。）
西方翻译理论
2013级英语笔译1 吴叔尉 2015/9
一、西方翻译史上的5个重大历史时期
1）古代时期（古希腊/罗马时期）拉丁文版《奥德赛》被视为西方翻译史上最早的译作 2）罗马帝国后期圣.哲罗姆翻译钦定拉丁文版《圣经》与此同时大批阿拉伯语作品被译为拉丁语 3）文艺复兴时期（renaissance 14世纪至17世纪初）英国钦定英文版《圣经》

刘洪波雅思写作真经班(1)

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5

刘洪波雅思写作真经班 Grammatical Range and Accuracy
7 • uses a variety of complex structures • produces frequent error-free sentences • uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms • makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication • uses only a limited range of structures • attempts complex sentences but these tend to be less accurate than simple sentences • errors can cause some difficulty for the reader
• uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task • attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy • uses a limited range of vocabulary, but this is minimally adequate for the task • may make noticeable errors in spelling and/or word formation that may cause some difficulty for the reader

Technical Writing

Tools for producing tech. doc.
Desktop publishing tools or word processors. Word processors such as Microsoft Word, Apple Pages, and Open Office are used by technical writers to author, edit, design, and print documents. Since technical writing is as much about the page’s layout as it is the written language, Desktop Publishing tools such as Adobe FrameMaker and LyX are also used. These programs function similarly to word processors but provide users with more options and features for the document’s design and automate much of the formatting. Help authoring tools are used to create the help systems that are packaged with software products, delivered through web browsers or provided as files users can view on their computers. When writing instructional procedures for complex programs or systems, technical writers will use these tools to assist them and simplify the process. Adobe RoboHelp, MadCap Flare, Author-it and HelpNDoc are a few examples of Help Authoring Tools. Image editing software. Image editing software like Adobe Photoshop and GIMP are used to create and edit the visual aspects of documents. Collaborative software programs. Because technical writing often involves communication between multiple individuals who work for different companies, it can be a collaborative affair.[41] Thus, technical writers use Wiki Systems like MediaWiki and Atlassian Confluence and shared document workspaces like Microsoft SharePoint and Google Docs to work with other writers and parties to construct technical documents.

Lecture Two

H.H. Stern says that a good language teaching theory will provide a conceptual frame work devised for identifying all factors relevant in the teaching of languages and relationship between than and for giving effective direction to the practice of language teaching. guiding teaching facilitating
c. Input d. Production words, phrases, structures in situations e. Output ① Deal with ex. ② Oral or written practice Nhomakorabea
Learning
gaining knowledge or skills fixing in memory processes of cognition and noncognition learning to learn and learning to think

(Ring, ring, ring, …) SM: Good morning, madam? SW: Good morning! SM: Would you like to have the cleaning house in town? SW: Yes. SM: Then, madam, you’d better have this kind of cleaner. SW: No, I don’t. SM: What? Why not? SW: Because my husband does the cleaning in our house? SM: Ohhh.

Lecture2business_writing

是写给同一请求的两封回信,内容相同例1-2是写给同一请求的两封回信内容相同是写给同一请求的两封回信 ,但写作风格截然不同前者采用的是以自我但写作风格截然不同.前者采用的是以自我但写作风格截然不同表现为中心的协作风格,后者采用的是以对表现为中心的协作风格后者采用的是以对方为中心的写作风格.后者简明亲切. 后者简明、方为中心的写作风格后者简明、亲切
How do you think of the following sentences? Positive or negative? 1) You cannot visit the plant except on Sunday. 2) Do not walk on the grass. 3)Your misunderstanding of our lettetr caused you to make such a mistake.
Focus on “You” instead of “I” and “we” “I”or “We” oriented 1)I am happy to tell you… 2) We are pleased to have your new account. 3) We have shipped the two dozen Crown desk sets you ordered. 4) We make Willet razor in three weightslight, medium and heavy. “You” viewpoint 1) You will be happy to know… 2) Your new charge account is now open for your convenience. 3) Your two dozen Crown desk sets should reach you with this letter. 4) Willet makes razors for you in three weight-light, medium and heavy.

学术英语(理工)详解答案-Unit-1

Genetic engineering
– If the topic is too general, how do you narrow it down to a more manageable topic?
Universe
– Can you suggest some
appropriate topics of each
In which aspect do the two essays share the same idea? Both focus on the vulnerability of a computer.
9
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic
In which aspect do the two essays differ?
U.S. Dollars. 16 __e_x_p_lo_i_t ___ (开拓) a new market in the city 17 be absorbed in the social _n_e_t_w_o_r_k_in_g_ (社交网络) 18 __i_n_v_o_lv_e___ (涉及) unnecessary extra charges 19 only one __in_s_t_a_n_ce___ (实例) out of many 20 get to know more about the _s_p_e_c_ifi_c_a_ti_o_n (具体的细节) of
Lecture 1 Questions Lecture 2 Questions Lecture 3 Questions
4
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic
1 Deciding on a topic

lecture2 限定词(二)

⑹专有名词前带有表示职业的词语或限制性修饰词时，要用the。 ⑺海洋、江河、海湾、山脉、群岛、沙漠、以复数形式出现的地理名称、带有of词组的岛名，一般要用the。
⑻组织、机关、机构、公共建筑、车船等名称前，大多用the。 ⑼许多报纸、杂志名称前带the。
⑽度量衡名称之前常用the。
4、何时不用冠词
⑺ 大多数地名、湖泊名称、道路、广场、车站、机场、公园、桥梁名称、节假日名称前不用冠词。 ⑻职位、职称、官阶、职业等名称，疾病名称，餐食名称之前不用冠词。 ⑼在一些固定介词搭配中不用冠词。例如：face to face, arm in arm, hand in hand, shoulder to shoulder, side by side, inch by inch, day after day
4）man：泛指整个人类时，不用冠词。例如： ①Man can conquer nature. ②From early times man has used garlic (大蒜). Through the years man has tried to cope with (处理) the smell of garlic. But no herb, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help much. ③That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for man. 5）history：泛指人类整个历史时，不用冠词。例如： ①History may repeat itself. ②Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die.

lecture 2

VII. Thesis statement
A thesis statement, also called the statement of the
problem, or the thesis sentence, usually states or suggests the research subject or the main topic. Making the thesis statement will help you to focus on the research topic and to avoid reading unrelated materials and writings that are of little or no relevance to your research topic.
One thing should be pointed out is that as your writing progresses, your thesis statement may change, it can change in one way or another when you try to narrow down or broaden your research topic.
Secondary research is often called documentary or library research. It is a kind of study that makes use of data in documents, books, and journals. These data have been collected by other people for their own purposes. Therefore, secondary research consists of summarizing previous studies, reviewing the literature in a given area, and synthesizing the research undertaken by others.

Lecture 2-新视野大学英语第四册Unit 2 第二讲

Text Study
Language Points
conformity:(formal) （对社会规则的）遵从，遵守 behaviour or actions that follow the accepted rules of society
f. By participating in this system of extreme conformity, women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women, the only ones qualifie 快看我！ to judge their effortsway, to get back to my original point: If you’re a man, and a woma asks you how she looks, you can’t say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage. (Para. 11)
I’m not saying that appearance is of no importance. I’m just saying tha
e.g. They plastered the city with posters condemning her election 他们在城里到处张贴谴责她当选的海报。她给自己从头到脚都抹上了强效防晒露。 She plastered herself from head to toe in high factor sun lotion.
Summary
The confusing pursuit of beauty When a woman asks a man how she looks, come it is very difficult for him to up ___________ the with right answer. Men do not think of their looks in the same way as women do. They stick to ________ an opinion and like to think of themselves as affixThey much value don’t to average-looking. __________________ to their looks. However, women tend to think their appearance is magnify “not good enough”. They would _______ the smallest imperfections in their bodies.

论文写作讲座(英语科技论文撰写与投稿)课件

Prepare a list of references: Ensure that all references are accurate and formatted according to the journal's guidelines.
Use of technical terms
03
English scientific papers are filled with technical terms and jargon specific to the field of study.
Thesis statement明确
English scientific papers begin with a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or research question to be addressed.
Objective language
02
English scientific papers are written in a factual and objective manner, avoiding the use of subjective language and emotional appeals.
Write a clear and concise title: The title should accurately reflect the content and main findings of your paper.
Prepare an abstract: The abstract should summarize the main points of your paper, including the research question, methods, results, and conclusions.

writing lecture -2 advantages and disadvantages

Lecture 2: A vs. B1.introduction + advantages + disadvantages+ my ideas2.para 1: introduction: 简述现象。

Para 2: advantages: 列举优点或积极因素。

Para 3: disadvantages: 以对比关联引出另一面，缺点或消极因素。

Para 4: my ideas: 权衡利弊，谈自己的体会。

3．1）However, different people hold/possess/cherish different opinions on …. Some people maintain/advocate/advise/hold/claim that …, while others say/maintain/advocate/argue/acknowledge that…2) My idea/view point may be expressed as follows:3) We may cite/quote/mention/take/point out/have/possess a single/common/another/additional/extra/further example of …4) The opinion/idea/view/theory may be supported/proved by facts/details/statistics/the fact that…5) It goes without saying that science and technology constitute the primary productive force/ knowledge is something/ creativity is everything/ cheating never pays.4. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private TutoringA recent investigation shows that private tutoring is “in”and that about 80% of pupils have private tutors. While private tutoring has both advantages and disadvantages, I feel that the disadvantages are greater.Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents, for various reasons, missed the chance of obtaining a good education. When their children meet with difficulties in study, they are helpless. Private tutoring is the only solution. As privatetutoring is usually one-to-one, the teacher knows the strength and the weakness of the pupil; and the teaching is, in most cases, directly to the point. Private tutoring benefits a lot of pupils, indeed.While on the other hand, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupil’s time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment, which are essential for their physical and mental health. For another, some teachers, busy “shuttling”from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What is more, some teachers are eager to help pupils do well on the test, offering the so-called tips for test-taking rather than help them acquire what is most needed.Generally speaking, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupil’spotentialities. Only in this way can a new generation be healthily brought up.5. resources:1) Nowadays anything of our world can not work without high technology, but different people have different opinons on high-tech. 2) Some people welcome any kind of high technology because they think high tech can make our life more wonderful. People can build new machines that help them to do many things. Those machines can save manpower, can save endless time and make our work easier.3) Other people hesitate to acknowledge the idea of high-tech because they think high tech brings us not only the perfect life, but also a great many problems.4) Hackers steal secret information from the government through Internet and even modify it.5) Computer and Internet make many people stay in front of computer screens all day andcut off the contact with others in the real world.6) My view is that we should welcome the high tech because without it, we cannot develop. But meanwhile, we have to confine its disadvantages to the lowest level and utilize its advantages in our daily life.7) Computer is undoubtedly a great invention, but one of its main faults is that it has been a big distraction to people.8) for one thing, it is a big time-waster; many people watch computer screens for several hours every day. Some people are addicted to it, turning it on at 7 am and leaving it until midnight.9) secondly, computer has killed people’s own creativity. Though a lot of programs are rather instructive and introduce people to things they may never have thought of before, computer owners do not actively participate in active activities.10) Finally, parents and teachers are concernedabout the effect of Internet violence on children. Even though they are watching children’s programs, they are still confronted with scenes of violence and terror. Whether this constant exposure to violence encourages children to act more violently is not certain, yet the situation is dangerous because it teaches children to accept violence as a natural part of life.11) Yet computer is certainly a great wonder of science and technology. The best solution, I think, is to be selective, not to indulge in it.。

writing

Test 7 A Letter of Application （申请助学贷款） 1. 个人情况介绍 2. 申请贷款的原因、数额及用途 3. 保证专款专用及还款打算
Test 8 A Campaign Speech (你已向一家外贸公司申请business manager一职，写一篇竞选演讲稿) 1.自己胜任营销经理这一工作所具备的条件 2.如果竞选成功，你将如何进一步开展工作
On Self-employment of College Graduates
1 现在政府鼓励大学生自主创业，对那些具有创新意识的开现在政府鼓励大学生自主创业，发项目还会给予一定的经济支持。发项目还会给予一定的经济支持。 2 产生这一现象的原因。产生这一现象的原因。 3 我的观点。我的观点。
Welcome to our lecture To make our college life more colorful and to enrich college students’ knowledge in culture, the Students’ Union has organized a lecture titled “ Across Cultures: Digital Media and Literary Activity”. The lecture will be given by Professor Robert Johnson from the department of English Literature of Pennsylvania University. Professor Johnson is known for his unique ween literate activity and new information technologies. He will present, in his humorous style, the relation he found between culture and technological development, which will surely enrich our college students’ knowledge in culture and modern media and be helpful to our future study. The lecture will be held in the meeting room of the English Department from 6:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. on Monday, December 3rd. You may also take your portable hard disk to copy courseware of the lecture for further reference. All the teachers and students are welcome to the lecture.

书信格式l2

Lecture 2 Letter Writing
Forms and Ingredients
• • • • • • • Heading Inside address Salutation/Greeting Body /Message Closure/Complimentary closing Signature Postscript and Enclosure
Two ways of writing heading: indented form and block form.
indented form: example 1, conventional. block form: increasingly used. Example 2: 311 Nestor Street West Lafasyette, IN 4790222 U.S.A. June 6, 2009
Note: 1. The abbreviation No. is used before the number in British English, while in American English it is left out. 2. It is strongly advised to write formally the date as August 21st, 2009, instead of informally as 8/21/1999, Aug. 21, 2009 or 21st Aug. 2009. 3. Abbreviations such as: Street— St., Avenue— Ave., English Department— English Depart. are better not to be used when writing formal letters.

Writing (2)

Polish the Composition ---the Belt and Road Initiative
Read a speech loudly
Tasks: • Questions 1 and 2 will help you understand the speech. • Discuss questions 3 and 4 in group.
friends
informal
Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4
the fact +writing purpose your opinions main activities hope
1. I’m greatly honored to extend to you an invitation to this activity. improper
• We can expose ourselves to different cultures of foreign countries.
技法二：增加结果
2. We can expose ourselves to different cultures of foreign countries, broadening our horizons and enriching our knowledge.
•
lectures
• ..... • help us have a better understanding of the Initiative
establish a worldwide insight broaden our horizons
enrich our knowledge
be exposed to diverse cultures and customs expose ourselves to

lecture2 on writing

With the advanced science and technology, boom economy rising from society industries that emerge numerously and scope expanded, thus bustling city and more work opportunities attract people pushing there, especially lived in remote village farmers. It reports about 230 million from the countryside to cities.As a result, one hand they devoted themselves to the city and brought economy developed to cities and life improvement to their own families. On the other hand, this migration leaves land in the countryside uncultivated and children of migrant workers poorly educated. One coin has two sides, it is no exception. How to deal the phenomenon well to promote our country developed in equilibrium. This issue has became a major concern for our society, government policy decisions most crucial to migration, if they offer a navigated positive policy such as agriculture guidance, business training, mechanized production, to develop their hometown by their advantages. If large mass immigration has left, large land was collected like American farm to mechanized operating, and government should offer a sound education system to solve the children poor education to eliminate parents' worry. Above motioned suggestions just depend on my views. We should to draw on collective wisdomand absorb all useful ideas. Nothing is perfect even we have found some untaken ways, "conservation-minded society" is our purpose, finally a good balance way we can find.。

英语写作课PPT_第二课_lecture_two_diction

搭配上的不同
Consist, compose, constitute, make up Sure, certain I am sure that I can benefit a lot from doing temporary jobs in my free time. It is certain that social knowledge is indispensable for a college student to adapt to the society.
General & specific
In my hometown in spring, the weather is very bad. In my hometown in spring, the wind may blow all day long and the air is filled with dust which sometimes shuts out the sun. It goes into your eyes, your ears, your nostrils(鼻孔）, and your hair, and penetrates through the closed windows.（with the help of details）
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高中英语写作讲座

高中英语写作辅导（1）NMET English Writing lecture主讲教师：沈伟刚前言：教育部最新颁布的“高中英语课程标准”对高中学生的英语写作能力提出了很高的要求，这不能不引起我们高度重视。

写作能力的培养需要有一个渐进的过程。

及早按照“课程标准”的要求，扎扎实实地从起始年级开始，注重训练的系统性和科学性，才是提高英语写作能力的唯一途径。

自从85年到现在，英语写作一直是高考必考的一个固定题型。

它是高考试题中对学生相对较难的部分，考查考生综合运用语言能力。

Part One:1.解读“课标”关于写作技能的评价标准。

2.解读“课标”关于英语写作体裁。

1．“课程标准”关于写作技能的评价标准:“课程标准”对学生写作能力的评价内容和等级划分做了非常详细的规定，这些规定恰好可以作为写作教学所追求的目标。

优秀等级评价内容内容有思想，有观点，有情感，有意义，有趣。

逻辑性表达清楚，逻辑性强。

拼写与标点完全正确。

语法运用反映当前学习水平，有个别错误。

创造性有创造性，表现力强，真实，整洁。

这个写作能力的评价含括了极其丰富的内容，其中包括单词拼写与标点符号的使用、语法运用的恰当程度、写作的内容、写作态度、表达的逻辑性和创造性。

2．“课程标准”关于英语写作体裁问题:根据“课程标准”6-9级的有关要求，高中阶段英语写作体裁可以大致分为四类：•应用文体：包括日常生活中经常使用的书信、便条、电子邮件、贺卡、通知、报告、表格填写、申请、个人简历等。

•记叙文体：包括叙述事情，描写景物、人物。

•论说文体：包括阐述自己的观点，评价周围的事物、所发生的事件以及他人的观点和意见。

•其他要求：包括改编短剧、写摘要以及翻译。

Part Two:1. 上海高考00-04年写作题目回顾。

2. 高考英语写作命题现状与发展趋势。

1．上海高考00-04年写作题目回顾：（00）Directions: Write an English composition in about 100 to 120 words, according to the points given in Chinese. 1. 我最难忘的一课。