读写教程第四册短对话(Unit 1-5)
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Vocabulary(1-7单元)
Unit 11.I’m just coming around to have a friendly chat with you. How are you doing?2.When you’re writing a paper, you must acknowledge the sources of the statements you havequoted to support your argument.3.As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” People who want to make thingsbetter can do so if only they are strongly motivated.4.The expression of intense feelings in a simple and yet profound way is recognized as acharacteristic of Emily Dickinson’s poetry.5.Thomas Jefferson devoted himself completely to the drafting of The Declaration ofIndependence despite his personal sorrow and trouble.6.As the most influential US president, Franklin Roosevelt left a legacy which still deeplyaffects the country today.7.Madame Curie is often cited as an example of a great scientist who would never yielded tohardships in her quest for knowledge.8.As I see it, laziness is the biggest obstacle to person’s success.9.Curiosity is the best teacher. If information of no intrinsic interest is crammed into students’heads, no effective learning can be achieved.10.What are your criteria for selecting the greatest literary works of the 20th century?11.It’s good to see a child develop different interests, but when any int erest turns into anobsession it can be worrisome to parents.12.Before they go to school, children manage to progress from newborns with onlyinnate abilities to children with an enormous amount of knowledge about the world they live in.13.Mother Teresa will long be remembered for her unique contribution(s)to the cause ofcaring for the sick and dying.14.Albert Einstein, Franklin Roosevelt’s contemporary, got involved in politics by suggesting thegovernment develop its own nuclear weapons program.15.For the inclusion of your record in the Guinness Book of World Records, an application mustbe submitted to the publication headquarters in London.16.History has proved that in time of crisis a capable and charismatic (有魅力的) person mustbe called to leadership so as to raise the nation’s moral.1.With today’s world making fantastic progress in science and technology, any nation contentto rely on past successes will soon be left behind.2.Though she was only a normal athlete in high school, in college her ability allowed her to riseabove the others and become a star.3.After replacing a wounded artillery general, Napoleon made history at the young age of 24by seizing rebellious Toulon (土伦).4.I wish I were endowed with both intelligence and good looks, but overall I think it’s mo reimportant to be smart than pretty.5.I enjoy my work, but my boss bothers me so much that I’m not sure how much longer I’ll beable to put up with him.6.This approach is going nowhere. We had better come up with a new way of dealing with thisproblem.7.As the name suggests, the book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why focuses on whatenables some people to go down in history.8.This psychology professor’s study of great figures is reportedly to be built on over ten yearsof research.9.I think your grades are low because you don’t study enough. You really need to put in moretime studying if you expect to do well.10.Advertising is a tough business because it is very difficult to come up with new ideas to sellthe same old products.11.I think it’s the teacher’s responsibility to take charge of the class, not to always ask thestudents what they want to do.12.The qualities that truly set Winston Churchill apart were his determination and his ability toinspire others.Unit 21.The author’s son wa s studying medicine at McGill University with the intention of becominga surgeon.2.I took her criticism as a sincere desire to see improvement in my work.3.They didn’t fight, but stood there glaring at one another.4.Don’t get sore at me because you got low marks in your exams.5.Though the poem is well-known, no one has yet been able to trace its author.6.The new club strives to educate its members to render service to the community.7.Mary likes to go dancing on weekends because she does not believe that the denial ofpleasure is a virtue.8.People place stamps on letters or packages as proof that they have paid for mailing theseitems.9.The mayor praised the Lei Feng Spirit that could be found everywhere in the city and paidparticular t ribute to youngsters who helped the elderly.10.These disks hold more than 400 times as much information as a conventional floppy disk (软磁盘).11.Though he didn’t have much to give, he was generous with his money.12.Father’s Day is a day on which the people of many countries express their gratitude andappreciation for their fathers by giving them gifts or greeting cards.13.She slammed on the brakes and the car came to a sudden stop.14.You might be more successful in your job if you would take the trouble to make yourselfmore agreeable to your colleagues (同事) as well as your employer.1.The only thing on sale that attracted me was a little French clock. caught/took my fancy2.It was John’s mistake to sign the agreement without reading it carefully.a mistake on John’s part3.We fail to appreciate sufficiently all sorts of things that are supplied to us easily by nature.take for granted 4.If a criminal fears that he’s going to get caught, he will hesitatebefore he robs or steals.think twice 5.She had put aside money for a long time for this holiday and she meant to enjoy everyminute of it. saved up6.We have to take into account the data mentioned in the annual report.referred to7.It is unpleasant to hear Tom talk too proudly of his abilities and achievements. boast about8.After her husband died at the age of 35, Mary made great efforts to ensure her five children’seducation. took pains with9.For better health you must avoid eating too much. refrain from10.Mr. Eden is one of the most prominent scientists in the country and to a certain extent amedia star. something of11.If you help a neglected child, he may not actually show you gratitude, but chances are thatyou will get thanks by some means or other. in one way or another12.She got a little bored with his habit of never allowing her to finish a sentence. fed upUnit 31.Generally speaking, tactics covers what you need to do at the moment while strategyprovides the broad guidelines that determine the overall direction.2.My family’s health and security are of the utmost importance to me.3.If one of those stays（支柱）gives way, the entire structure may collapse.4.Unlike a tightrope, a slack will sway up and down or from side to side.5.The president wanted to see him on a matter of great significance.6.Two foreign tourists died ad two soldiers were badly hurt yesterday when a coach and anArmy truck collided almost head-on along a straight stretch of road.7.We tried all sorts of solutions to that problem, and they all came to a dead end.8.The blow on his head erased the details of the accident from his memory.9.We usually judge others within the framework of our own experience.10.By the time the lifeboat arrived, the ship was almost vertical in the water. The woundedsoldier is sitting in the vertical position, upright in bed.11.The music ceased suddenly when she turned off the radio.12.By pointing out just one flaw, she destroyed his entire argument.13.The music implies suddenly when she turned off the radio.14.He affirmed his plan to make payments on time.1. We got lost and finally were two hours late. wound up being2.The schoolboy tried to drive the cow into the stable by tugging (拉) its tail, but failed.pulling on3.The roots of plants absorb water and make their food out of it. take in4.By constantly looking up at the clock he is really saying that he wants us to leave. in effect5. Although the glow of the sunset was the most intense colure in the scene, the darkeningblue of the rest of the sky began increasingly prevail.take over6. After graduation, John changed his job frequently but he eventually taught English in a localmiddle school. ended up teachingUnit 41.Even though animals within a breed may look similar to us humans, they probably lookunique to each other.2.Students have different individual abilities and potentials, and therefore should be taughtaccordingly.3.Many Americans would deny the existence of a single American culture partly because thereis such racial diversity in the county.4.Preadolescent (青春前期的) groups are homogeneous; that is, members are usually of thesame sex and come from the same neighborhood.5.The travel agency will make every arrangement for your trip and the expenses, all inclusiveare estimated at $300.6.All developed nations maintain a variety of social welfare programs to help unemployed orunderemployed people to function more fully in society.7.Lying is defined as deceiving someone about certain matters or facts.8.The irritation my boss showed was simply due to my failure to make a favorable comment onhis management.9.The variables that educational psychologists have found to be important in classroomteaching include the time teachers allocate to instruction, the amount of content they cover, the percent of time that students are engaged in learning, and so on.10.The Austrian physician and founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, used hispsychotherapy to uncover painful and forgotten memories in his patients.11.An instance of irony is the suggestion, put forward with apparent seriousness by the Englishsatirist Jonathan Swift in his A Modest Proposal (《一个温和的建议》), that the poor people of Ireland should rid themselves of poverty by selling their children to the rich to eat.12.Human learning and memory have been studied mostly with verbal materials (such as wordlists and stories) or with tasks requiring motor skills (such as learning to type or to play an instrument).13.Babies will readily learn to walk on their own when they are offered a reward.14.When depressed, these patients experience painful sadness, negative thinking, andindifference to things that used to bring them happiness.15.The probability of an outcome is represented by a number between 0 and 1, with probability0 indicating certainty that an event will not occur and probability 1 indicating certainty thatit will occur.16.IQ scores may vary according to testing conditions, and thus it is advisable to understandresults of the tests as falling within a certain range, such as average or superior.1.The major method of instruction for schools of the United States and many other countriesstresses the educational development of the child in terms of individual needs and interests.2.The explosion in use and popularity of the Internet in the 1990s is most likely due to theWorld Wide Web.3. A quality control inspector is responsible for making sure that every product measures/livesup to the specified standard before it goes into circulation.4.If you do what you are really interested in and try hard, you'll find, as often as not that youare living with contentment.5.The Greek philosopher Socrates was also a great teacher, whose method consisted of askingquestions that forced his students to think deeply about the meaning of life, truth, and justice.6.His plan is an ambitious one, and I doubt whether he will really go through with it.7.The secretary general, like the rest of the UN staff, is supposed to be independent, but inreality, he must rely on member countries, especially the five permanent Security Council members, to get anything done.8.It’s been argued that the problems with teaching have been brought about in part byinadequate facilities.Unit 51.The first artificial intelligence (人工智能) conference in 1956 inspired researchers toundertake projects that emulated human behavior in areas of reasoning, language comprehension, and communications.2.In 1979 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states may require the consent（同意，许可）ofone parent of a minor (未成年者) requesting an abortion.3.By 1951 industrial production had exceeded prewar peaks; it continued to rise in thesucceeding years.4.That park contains miniature reproductions of such famous sights in China as the Great Walland the Summer Palace.5.According to our professor, unemployment is an inevitable consequence of free marketeconomics.6.There are nearly 2,900 radio stations associated with ABC, as well as a sizable publishinggroup.7.Don’t worry. The danger from these snakes is practically nothing.8. A crowd of people gathered, outraged by the way the police officers were hitting the twomen.9.Psychological drug dependency is characterized by a craving for the drug and belief that onecannot function without taking it.10.The bomb was designed to cause the maximum amount of harm to the maximum number ofpeople.11.Although breast cancer primarily afflicts females, about 1,400 male breast cancers were alsoreported in the United States in 1997.12.Some people’s attitudes towards foreigners are based on sheer ignorance and prejudice.13.When he stood up from his seat, he suddenly felt an intense pain in the lower part of hisback.14.We see each other at regular intervals — usually once a week.15.I read a very interesting biography of Marx’s last week, which is based on his correspondencewith Engels over 40 years.1.Tom’s boss asked him to take control of the office for a couple of weeks while she was away.take charge of 2.As he fell down from the cliff (悬崖) the mountaineer was lucky enough to grab a branchwith his left hand.get hold of3.Such projects as road or dam building, mining, or large-scale farming can cause greathardships to people whose lives depend on the land. who live off on4.The government began to support small businesses when it realized that they were the keyto economic growth. smile (up)on5.Adrenaline(肾上腺素) helps the body to get used to sudden stress by increasing heart rateand raising blood pressure.adjust to6. A central purpose of drama has always been to provide a means for a society to thinkcarefully about itself and its beliefs. reflect upon7.I had seen the singer before on TV, but she looked very different when I met her personally.in person8.Chicago’s O’Hare Airport was closed as a result of the snowstorm. due to9.Cindy, Linda, and Niaomi went to the benefit fashion show, as did Claudia and Christy, allknown as the “supermodels” of the 1990’s. along with10.The rocket roared into space, increasing its speed to 38,000 mph shortly after. picking up11.I’m sorry, but someone else has borrowed the book you want. checked out12.On seeing General Powell, the soldier threw out his chest and saluted. stuck outUnit 61.Official U.S. statistics on employment and unemployment are derived from a monthly samplesurvey of households.2.For a solid or liquid fuel to ignite, some of the fuel must first be heated to the temperature atwhich it turns to gas.3.He keeps his savings under his pillow because he distrusts banks.4.The writer’s thesis is that all human problems can be solved by logic.5.Since the early 1900’s, pronunciation in the United States has becomes more standardizedbecause people throughout the country have become more and more exposed to each other’s speech patterns.6.I am not jealous of her good fortune, but I do feel she should share it with others.7.Zoologists observe the ways animals interact with one another and their environment.8.People spend a lot of their Hard-earned money on holidays and of course they want to getgood professional service.9.She felt frustrated when she didn’t get a promotion after all these years of hard wo rk.10.She grabbed for her gun when she heard the shots down the street.11.I suggest that you keep the flashlight handy in case the fuse (保险丝) blows again.12.The secretaries’ report provided the leaders with the necessary numerical information.13.Mary and her brothers were all very happy because their father approved their plans for thesummer.14.The issue of the death penalty is highly controversial in some western countries.15.He has abstract ideas about what to do, but no specific plans or proposals.1.There are many heroines who make headlines for showing courage when confronted withsome public emergency. in the face of2.For those who are disabled when they are born or during childhood, special education isnecessary.from birth3.Their request for better working conditions was equal to a criticism of the management.amounted to 4.There are still difficulties before us, but we will overcome them individually in order.one by one5.He didn’t sell hi s house right away; he waited to get the best offer. held out for6.In the face of enemy attacks, the president said that his countrymen would never yield tothreats. give in to7. A good visual artist (视觉艺术家) has to be a drawer first. Ramsay learnt at an early time thecrucial importance of drawing as the basis for his art.early on8.How can you ever achieve any success if you are afraid of everything that is unpleasant ordifficult.shy away from9.Tom took the place of George just after half-time when it appeared that the injury toGeorge’s knee was affecting his performance. substituted for10.He’s disorganized, he’s inefficient, he’s never there when you want him –in a word, theman’s hopeless. in short11.The detective put a chemical on the paper, and the fingerprints appeared. showed up12.Emily’s life resulted in tragedy after her husband was captured during the Civil War. ended in Unit 71.Johnny is only 15 but actually he has outgrown his mother by five inches.2.Cockroaches (蟑螂) have earned a bad reputation because they feed on garbage.3.Arab Americans have tended to identify more strongly with their Muslim heritage.4.I have moments of despair, but fundamentally I am an optimist.5.She hesitated for a fraction of a second before accepting his challenge to a game of tennis.6.Thanks to the Internet, data can now be transferred easily from one computer to another.7.Drums can be used to convey messages over distances beyond the human voice’s reach.8.Technological advances are the chief agents of change.9.In 1894 bottling machines were installed in a Mississippi factory and the first bottled Cokewas produced.10.There are laws to specify (指定) the person(s) who will obtain a dead person’s estate if nowill exists.ura filed a lawsuit against her company for ignoring her for promotion because she waspregnant. passing (her) over2.The President ought to seize the opportunity to stop quarrelling with the political parties andnegotiate a speedy return to democracy. make his peace with3.The Clayton Antitrust Act (克莱顿反托拉斯法) declared illegal such practices as price-cuttingto drive competitors out of business.freeze competitors out of business4.He was very intelligent, but he failed to meet the requirements for a manager.fell short of5.The earliest European description of the American continent appeared in published form in1505.in print6.Children from age 6 to age 14 in Germany attend full-time school without payment.for free7.Workers are tearing open roads to lay new cables. put in8.The Foreign Ministry holds weekly press conferences to let reporters know the latestdevelopments in diplomacy. fill reporters in on9.First offenders of traffic regulations are sometimes let go without any punishment.let off10.Mother was startled at the news and broke several plates. taken aback by11.Having broken with his girlfriend and standing alone in the street with his suitcase, Georgedid not know where to go or what to do. was at a loss12.It rook me nearly a month to get free of my cough. get rid of。
新视野大学英语第四册读写教程UNIT5 英语1,2段
制作人：12环设 王恺
Choose to be alone on purpose
Para 1
Here we are, all by ourselves, all 22 million of us by recent count, alone in our rooms, some of us liking it that way and some of us not.事实如此，我们孤*独无依 地生活着。据最近的统计，共有2,200万人 独自生活在自己的住所里。其中有些人喜 欢这样的生活，有些人却不喜欢。
对于孤独，我们……
THANK YOU!
梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋里，有意疏离 城市的生活。现在，这成了你的个性。
亨利· 戴维· 梭罗
美国作家、哲学家，著名散文集《瓦尔登湖》和论文 《 论公民的不服从权利》（又译为《消极抵抗》、《论公民的不服从》）的 作者。 1845年7月4日美国独立日这天，28岁的梭罗独自一人来到距康科德两英里 的瓦尔登湖畔，建了一个小木屋住了下来。并在此之后根据自己在瓦尔登湖 的生活观察与思考，整理并发表了两本著作，即《康考德和梅里马克河上的 一周》（A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers）和《瓦尔登湖》 （Walden）。 在瓦尔登湖生活期间，因为梭罗反对黑奴制（Negro Slavery）拒交“人头 税”而被捕入狱。虽然他只在狱中蹲了一宿就被友人在未经他本人同意的情 况下，替他代交了税款保其出狱，但这一夜却激发他思考了许多问题。出来 后曾有一些市民问他这样一个问题，为什么有许多人宁愿坐牢也不愿意交税。 为解释这一问题，他结合自己的亲身体验，写成了著名的政论《抵制国民政 府》（Resistance to Civil Government，后改名为Civil Disobedience）。他所宣 传的这种依靠个人的力量，“非暴力抵抗”的斗争形式对印度的甘地和美国 黑人领袖马丁· 路德· 金产生了很大的影响。
U校园新视野大学英语4读写教程 答案(Unit 1 Life and logic)
U校园新视野大学英语4 读写教程答案Unit 1 Life and logicSection A1-2 Text A: Love and logic: The story of a fallacy Pre-reading activitiesPre-reading activities-11) B2) A3) A4) B5) B6) A7) C8) CPre-reading activities-21) Reasoning skills deal with the process of getting from a problem to a solution or a conclusion. By improving your reasoning skills, you can improve your success in doing things. Specifically, strong reasoning skills can help you to:improve the quality and validity of your own arguments; improve your ability to assess the quality and validity of others' arguments;make more logical decisions;solve problems more efficiently and effectively.To give a specific example, every day you have to make various decisions, and yet even some simple decisions like deciding what to wear when you're getting dressed in the morning require some reasoning skills. When you decide what to wear, you take many factors into consideration the weather forecast, the current temperature, your plans for the day (where you are going, what you will do, and whom you will meet), your comfort level, and so on. In real life, you need to face decisions that are much more difficult than choosingwhat to wear. So, it is really important to have strong reasoning skills.2) The factors below are usually important for a logical conclusion:critical thinking skills;facts;evidence;sound reasoning process, etc.Reading comprehensionReading comprehension-11) The deal between them is that the narrator gives Rob his leather jacket, and Rob, in exchange, gives the narrator his girlfriend. They make the deal because they want to get something from each other: Rob is crazy about fashion, and he wants to own the narrator's fashionable leather jacket; the narrator longs to have a beautiful girlfriend, and Rob's girlfriend is beautiful.2) He thinks a beautiful and well-spoken girlfriend will assist him to land a job and achieve success in an elite law company.3) The narrator feels this way because he can't stop thinking that his purpose of dating Polly is not for romance but for improving her intelligence, and he can't let Polly know his plan.4) The narrator decides to teach Polly logic because he believes logic is essential to clear thinking. By teaching Polly logic, he can make her intelligent. 5) When the narrator teaches her logic, Polly responds either shortly with "Cool", "Great", "I like that idea", or simply with nodding or blinking without saying anything. These responses give us an impression that Polly is a nice but rather simple-minded girl.6) Yes. He is only too successful in teaching Polly logic because in the end when he asks Polly to be his girlfriend, Polly refuses his request by applying all the logical fallacies he has taught her.7) Because he wants to make one more attempt to win Polly as his girlfriend by asking her to forget what he has taught her.8) The end of the story is ironic because Polly turns out to be smarter than the narrator. First, she is able to refute all his arguments as logical fallacies. Then, she discloses that she and Rob have played a trick on him. The narrator has been too smart for his own good. Reading comprehension-21) In my opinion, all the three characters are complex. The following are my descriptions about them. Smart: He is an excellent law student and knows a lot about logic.Sophisticated: He believes a beautiful and intelligent girlfriend will benefit him in his future career. Arrogant and self-conceited: He thinks highly of himself but badly of his roommate.Over-confident: He thinks the girl will surely choose him rather than Rob.Stupid and simple-minded: He knows nothing about what can happen in real life.Fashionable and cool: He loves fashion and cares a lot about his appearance.Dishonest: He plays a trick on the narrator to get his leather jacket.Clever: He is able to get what he wants without losing anything.Beautiful and nice: She is pretty and easy to be with. Shallow: She chooses Rob simply because he is fashionable.Smart: She learns quickly and is full of wit when refusing to be the narrator's girlfriend.2) The story itself includes the fallacy "Dicto Simpliciter". The narrator assumes that all girls would be happy to date a boy whose future is somewhat guaranteed. Therefore, Polly, a beautiful and wealthy young girl, would certainly fall in love with him "an ingenious student" and "a man with an assured future",rather than Rob "a muscular idiot". However, to the narrator's surprise and disappointment, Polly chooses Rob in the end because Rob is fashionable and cool.3) Love is blind. It is ridiculous to use logic to deal with love.Smart people sometimes can make wrong judgments. Smart people are sometimes too arrogant and confident. Smart people may fall victims to their own smartness.4) Yes. Because not only would teaching logic in school help minimize the overwhelming number of fallacious assertions, but also would serve as an excellent precursor to higher mathematics and help make other courses such as geometry and calculus less of a mystery to most students.No. Because logic can be learned through other subjects such as math, philosophy, reading, etc. It's not necessary to offer a special course about it.5) Yes, certainly. Actually, logical fallacies are very common in our everyday life. I myself commit logicalfallacies very often, too. For example, when I first met my roommate in college, I felt very surprised when he told me he didn't like noodles. I asked, "People in the north of China like eating noodles. You are from the north, why don't you like noodles?" Here I committed the logical fallacy "Dicto Simpliciter". I falsely asserted that all people in the north should like noodles, and there should be no exception to this premise.1-3 Text A: Language focusWords in use1. crumbled2. discern3. surpass4. shrewd5. conversion6. distort7. radiant8. ingenious9. stumped10. propositionWord building: Practice Word building: Practice-11) delicacy2) bankruptcy3) accountancy4) secrecy5) vacancy6) urgency7) atmospheric8) magnet9) metallic10) gloom11) guilt12) masteryWord building: Practice-21. bankruptcies2. atmospheric3. delicacies4. urgency5. accountancy6. gloom7. magnet8. metallic9. mastery10. vacancy11. guilt12. secrecyBanked cloze1) mentioned2) determine3) gained4) responsible5) heavily6) artistic7) opposite8) analytical9) distorted10) stumped Expressions in use1) were dripping with2) in exchange for3) flared up4) make an analogy between5) set a date for6) make7) out of8) made a pact9) had appealed to1-4 Structure analysis & writingStructured writing: Practice参考：I had my most embarrassing experience when I was in the second year of college. During that period of time, I often liked to chat with my friends by passing notes in class. My bitter story happened one Tuesday morning, when our English teacher was busy writing on the blackboard, trying to teach us, in her monotonous voice, the difference between "tolerable" and "tolerant".The teacher was hard-working, but I really wanted to share my good mood with my best friend, Tony. Therefore,I picked up my pen and wrote on a slip of paper, "Hey, I want to tell you something that will make you really envious of me," and then I passed the slip to him. He quickly opened it and read it. Being too curious, he wasted no time writing on the note some words and passed it back. "What is it? Tell me immediately!" he asked. "Sally just gave me her cell phone number." I responded.I could not wait to see his jealous face.However, when he got my note, an unexpected thing happened. The note was grabbed by another hand. To my shock, the teacher was standing in front of Tony. She read the note in her hand loudly and looked sternly around the whole class. "Who passed the note to Tony? Who was so lucky to get Sally's phone number?" She asked. All the class started to whisper, and I vaguely heard them talking about who started the passing of the note. My face turned red, and my heart beat quickly. Of course, those who sat around me knew I was the culprit. They looked at me, giggling quietly. Meanwhile, Sally blushed a deep crimson and looked very angry. She glared at me as if to say, "I am going to kill you."I did not stand up to admit I was the offender, but I felt so embarrassed that I really wished that there had been a place for me to hide myself. After the incident, I did not dare to pass notes in class anymore.1-5 TranslationTranslationTranslation-1参考：亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册Units1-5课后翻译
新视野大学英语读写教程4（第三版）课后翻译Unit1亚里斯多德是一位古希腊哲学家和科学家。
他的著作涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学，生物学，动物学，逻辑学，伦理学，诗歌，戏剧，音乐，语言学，政治学和政府，并且构成了西方哲学的第一个综合体系。
亚里士多德是第一个将人类知识领域划分为不同学科的学科，例如数学，生物学和伦理学。
他相信所有人的观念和知识最终都基于感知。
他对自然科学的观点为他的许多作品奠定了基础。
他为那个时代的人类知识的几乎每个领域做出了贡献。
他的作品包含最早的形式逻辑学研究，直到今天，亚里斯多德哲学的各个方面仍然继续是学术研究的重要课题。
他的哲学对所有西方哲学理论的发展都产生了深远的影响。
亚里斯多德（Aristotle）逝世2300多年后，他仍然是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。
Doctrine of the Mean is the core content of Confucianism. Confucius's so-called "middle" does not mean "compromise", but refers to a "moderate" and "appropriate" method when recognizing and dealing with objective things. Confucius advocated not only to treat this kind of thinking as a way of understanding and handling things, but also to integrate it into one's daily behavior through self-cultivation and exercise, making it a virtue. The golden mean is the core of Confucianism and an important part of Chinese traditional culture. From its formation to the present, it has played an inestimable role in the construction of national spirit, the spread of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.Unit2莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）被广泛认为是英语界最伟大的作家，也是世界上杰出的戏剧家。
新视野大学英语读写教程第四册答案(1-5)
新视野大学英语读写教程第四册unit1答案Section AIII. 1. idle 2. justify 3. discount 4. distinct 5. minute 6.accused 7. object 8. contaminate 9. sustain 10. worshipIV. 1. accusing... of 2. end up 3. came upon 4. at her worst 5. pay for 6. run a risk of 7. participate in 8. other than 9. object to/objected 10. at bestV. 1. K 2. G 3. C 4. E 5. N 6.O 7.I 8. L 9. A 10. DVI. 1. delay 2. pain 3. hardship 4. suffering 5. fever 6. defeat 7. poverty 8. treatment 9. noise 10. agonyVII. 1. justify 2. glorify 3. exemplifies 4. classified 5. purified 6. intensify 7. identify 8. terrified VIII. 1. bravery 2. jewelry 3. delivery 4. machinery 5. robbery 6. nursery 7. scenery 8. discovery IX. 1. other than for funerals and weddings2. other than to live an independent life3. other than that they appealed to his eye . . `4. but other than that, he'll eat just about everything .5. other than that it's somewhere in the town centerX. 1. shouldn't have been to the cinema last night2. would have; told him the answer3. they needn't have gone at all4. must have had too much work to do5. might have been injured seriouslyXI. 1. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it.5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6. They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.XII. l.出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物的规定。
(完整版)新视野大学英语读写教程第四册(第二版)课文翻译uint1
Unit 1An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。
The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。
The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt.追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。
Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on.尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册Units1-5课后翻译
新视野大学英语读写教程4（第三版）课后翻译Unit1亚里斯多德是一位古希腊哲学家和科学家。
他的著作涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学，生物学，动物学，逻辑学，伦理学，诗歌，戏剧，音乐，语言学，政治学和政府，并且构成了西方哲学的第一个综合体系。
亚里士多德是第一个将人类知识领域划分为不同学科的学科，例如数学，生物学和伦理学。
他相信所有人的观念和知识最终都基于感知。
他对自然科学的观点为他的许多作品奠定了基础。
他为那个时代的人类知识的几乎每个领域做出了贡献。
他的作品包含最早的形式逻辑学研究，直到今天，亚里斯多德哲学的各个方面仍然继续是学术研究的重要课题。
他的哲学对所有西方哲学理论的发展都产生了深远的影响。
亚里斯多德（Aristotle）逝世2300多年后，他仍然是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。
Doctrine of the Mean is the core content of Confucianism. Confucius's so-called "middle" does not mean "compromise", but refers to a "moderate" and "appropriate" method when recognizing and dealing with objective things. Confucius advocated not only to treat this kind of thinking as a way of understanding and handling things, but also to integrate it into one's daily behavior through self-cultivation and exercise, making it a virtue. The golden mean is the core of Confucianism and an important part of Chinese traditional culture. From its formation to the present, it has played an inestimable role in the construction of national spirit, the spread of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.Unit2莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）被广泛认为是英语界最伟大的作家，也是世界上杰出的戏剧家。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程Book4-Unit1-Section_A-Love_and_log
Hegel • Logic is the soul of Hegel’s
philosophy. • broad view of logic and
narrow view of logic
Project of the unit
Mo-tse • He emphasizes the
combination of form and content of thinking. • He focuses on practice.
Project of the unit Inspiring your thoughts
Enhancing your skills Presenting your project
Project of the unit
Lead-in
Project forecasting
Project of the unit
Step 3 Discuss the following question in pairs.
Project of the unit
Aristotle • ancient Greek • the forerunner of logic • Logic is the tool of science. • syllogism（三段论）
Project of the unit
Lead-in
Project forecasting
Project of the unit
Each day we are confronted with many decisions both small and large. We weigh the various factors in front of us and try to make good decisions based upon the information we have at hand. Yet, sometimes, even with adequately reliable information, the decisions we make are still against good judgment. What circumstances can cause people to make bad decisions? Do smart people make wrong decisions as well? That’s what you are expected to explore and talk about in this unit. By the end of this unit, you are expected to write a narrative essay in respect to
新视野大学英语第二版读写教程(第四册)Unit 1~Unit 10 答案
新视野大学英语第二版读写教程（第四册）Unit 1Section A. The Temptation of a Respectable Woman《读写教程IV》: Ex. II, p. 81．Her husband expected his friend, Gouvernail, to stay about one or two weeks in their home.2．He was a boring and withdrawn person with a strange personality.3．She decided to leave for her aunt’s house and wouldn’t come back till Gouvernail left their home.4． A once ambitious person, Gouvernail now became one with the mere desire to enjoy a genuine life now and then.5．His tones of voice and personal charm.6．She was afraid that she could not resist being attracted by Gouvernail. 7．He mistook his wife’s feeling towards Gouvernail for pure disli ke.8．She had overcome both her misunderstanding of and her subtle feelings towards Gouvernail.《读写教程IV》: Ex. III, p. 81．Idle2．melting3．imposes4．penetrate5．presence6．nuisance7．nonsense8．keen《读写教程IV》: Ex. IV, p. 91．run down2．taken seriously3．drinking in4．in no sense5．made excellent observations on6．counted on7．for my part8．make a fuss《读写教程IV》: Ex. V, p. 91．sanctions2．Restrictions4．limits5．problems6．tax7．duty8．responsibility《读写教程IV》: Ex. VI, p. 101. justify2. glorify3. exemplifies4. classified5. purified6. intensify7. identify8. terrified《读写教程IV》: Ex. VII, p. 101. bravery2. jewellery3. delivery4. machinery5. robbery6. nursery7. scenery8. discovery《读写教程IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 111. She said it might have been all right, if the weather had been good.2. Mrs. Baroda said she might have liked Gouvernail if he had been like the others.3. If I had been there, I could have helped you.4. He could have got tickets if there had been some cheap ones.5. Mrs. Baroda might have yielded to t he temptation if she hadn’t been a respectable and sensible person.《读写教程IV》: Ex. IX, p. 111. “You were different then.” “So was she.”2. “You used to say he was a man of wit.”3. “You’ve made a mistake here.”“Oh, so I have. Thank you.”4. “Children should behave themselves.”“So should adults.”5. “This glass is cracked.”“Oh, so it is. I hadn’t noticed.”《读写教程IV》: Ex. X, p. 121. He imposed his company upon her in spite of her repeated hints ofhoping to be left alone.2. His friends can never count upon how he is going to act under givenconditions, as he is always full of surprises.3. Don’t make a fuss about such a small thing because that is the lastthing I expected.4. Besides being an upright and respectable woman Mrs. Baroda was also avery sensible one.5. She had never known her thoughts to be so confused, unable to gatheranything from them.6. From Gouvernail’s talk, Mrs. Baroda came to know that h is periods ofsilence were not his basic nature, but the result of moods.7. To Gaston’s delight, his wife had finally overcome her dislike forGouvernail and invited Gouvernail to visit them again wholly from herself.8. Mrs. Baroda felt c onfused with Gouvernail’s puzzling nature and foundit hard to penetrate the silence in which he had unconsciously covered himself.《读写教程IV》: Ex. XI, p. 121. 在一起呆了几天，她仍感到对这个客人很陌生，只得大部分时间让丈夫陪着他。
新视野大学英语第3版读写教程第四册课本练习答案(全)
新视野大学英语第3版读写教程第四册课本练习答案（全）Unit 1Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.crumbled2.discern3.surpass4.shrewd5.conversion6.distort7.radiant8.ingenious9.stumped 10.propositionText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1delicacybankruptcyaccountancysecrecyvacancyurgencyatmosphericmagnetmetallicgloomguiltmasteryText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.bankruptcies2.atmospheric3.delicacies4.urgency5.accountancy6.gloom7.magnet8.metallic9.mastery 10.vacancy 11.guilt 12.secrecy Text A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)mentioned(2)determine(3)gained(4)responsible(5)heavily(6)artistic(7)opposite(8)analytical(9)distorted(10)stumpedText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.were dripping with2.in exchange for3.flared up4.make an analogy between5.set a date for6.make ... out of7.made a pact8.had appealed to Text B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingCABDB DCAText B > Language focus > Words in use1.triggering2.obscure3.hypothesis4.formulate5.threshold6.incidence7.refute8.realm9.decay10.testimonyText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.play the odds2.subject to3.attributes to4.be factored into5.call for6.By virtue of7.get stuck one into playCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 2Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.deficient2.prosecution3.outrage4.appeased5.conformity6.strandplement8.transient9.appliances 10.outfitText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1dominationorientationconfrontationcomposerbinderscannermanufacturereraseimperialistleftistterroristhumanistText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.domination2.scanners3.humanist4.confrontation5.leftists6.orientation7.erased8.terrorists9.manufacturers 10.binder 11.imperialists posersText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)achieving(2)gorgeous(3)considered(4)context(5)accessories(6)appreciated(7)complexion(8)handsome(9)comment(10)admirationText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.in hopes of2.came up with3.excused herself4.was obsessed with5.reaching out to6.voice an opinion on7.live up to8.in terms ofText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingBDDAD BCAText B > Language focus > Words in use1.hampered2.mortal3.corrode4.preface5.embodies6.interwoven7.knit8.collide9.costume10.predominantText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.enquired about2.from a ... perspective3.on the rise4.be accountable to5.are worn out6.is exempt from7.approve of8.being addicted toCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 3Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.exquisite2.dispersed3.decentralized4.deduce5.fixture6.frugality7.administrate8.disjointed9.Reviving 10.elapseText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1punctualitypurityscarcitysenioritysensitivitysolemnityspecialtysuperiorityvalidityvisibilityreassurerestructureText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.seniority2.purity3.specialties4.reassure5. scarcity6.punctuality7.sensitivity8.restructuring9.superiority 10.validity 11.visibility12.solemnityText A > Language focus > Banked cloze (1)frequently(2)immersed(3)disrupted(4)stress(5)sphere(6)challenges(7)quantifythe pleasure with money. It offers more than (8) financial(9)administrate(10)addictionText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.held ... in high regard2.In the interim3.was onto something4.in turn5.from time to time6.pick on7.take a stab at8.boil down toText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingADCBB ACDText B > Language focus > Words in use1.stimulus2.magnitude3.velocity4.quota5.stipulated6.tease7.eligible8.premium9.reminiscence10.decreeText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.be embedded in2.a trace of3.is critical to4.adjacent to5.beat sb. down6.remains committed to7.conceive of8. be eligible forCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 4Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.consolidate2.differentiate3.dreadful4.incompatible5.alleged6.alleged7.alleged8.alleged9.habitats 10.intelligibleText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1harmoniousdisastrousspacioushazardousvirtuousvictoriousdesirousadventurousevenlyroutinelyconsequentrespectivelyText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.victorious2.hazardous3.consequent4.adventurous5.disastrous6.disastrous7.spacious8.respectively9. virtuous10.routinely11.harmonious 12.desirousText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)incompatible(2)preservebiodiversity.(3)available(4)proportion(5)utilized(6)converted(7)dreadful(8)balance(9)sane(10)considerableText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.took on2.called upon3.runs against the grain4. be incompatiblee through 6.is bound up 7.differentiate between 8.have struck a chord withText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingBCCDA ABCText B > Language focus > Words in use1.converge2impaired3contaminate4.vulgar5.dweller6.alienate7.prefer8.injected9.deplore10.invertedText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.be obedient to2.leaned against3.subscribe to4.preside over5.shutting out6.plunged into7.plunged into8.are disconnected fromCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 5Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.fabricate2.nominal3.temporal4.reciprocal5.denotes6.consecutive7.spectators8.mutteringposite positeText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1assertivedecisivedigestiveimaginativeconsultativequalitativeauthoritativeconservequantitativeunbuttonunsettleunveilText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.conserve2.unbuttoning3.authoritative4.consultative5.imaginative6.quantitative7.unveil8.assertive9.unsettled 10.decisive 11.digestive 12.qualitativeText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)exterior(2)insights(3)complete(4)course(5)inconsistencies(6)offended(7)gestures(8)ornaments(9)sense(10)distinctiveText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.got to the point2.are attached to3.would have starved to death4.If anything5.were suspicious of6.wandered around7.on the side8.was representative ofReading skills > PracticeADBDCText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingDACDA CDBText B > Language focus > Words in use1.refund2friction3.mute4.detained5.extractpiles7.convertibles8.mediated9.tactful10.cohesionText B > Language focus > Expressions in usegs behind2.put in charge of3.take a(n) ... approach to4.singled out5.headed for6.incorporated into7.divert … to8. has had an impact on Collocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 6Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.stalked2.stalked3.symmetrical4.lubricated5.twinkled6.mediator7.outposts8.traversing9.emancipate 10.deductiveText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1prevalentpersistentcorrespondentrespondentinclusiveindicativeinductiveinteractiveoperativeresponsive / respondentinitiatespeculativeText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.operative2.indicative3.prevalent4.interactive5.speculative6.initiate7.respondents8.inclusive9.persistent 10.inductive 11.responsive 12.correspondentText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)reason(2)levy(3)generating(4)lightweight(5)reduction(6)enhance(7)achieved(8)emancipate(9)relationships(10)approachesText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.being extracted from2.emancipate ... from3.cater to4.have a say on5.made a racket6.was destined to7.run errands8.has scraped by Text B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingDBABC ACDText B > Language focus > Words in use1.transit2.colonized3.execution4.distill5.segregation6.illiterate7.artifacts8.displace9.vigilant10.overthrowText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.was ejected from2.was ejected from3.forbid ... from4.were coiled up with5.ran for6.against his will7.a ghost of8. took upCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 7Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.fringe2.unify3.extinct4.indefinite5.slash6.intricate7.inaugurate8.ventilate 9.collaboration 10.diffusedText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1competence / competitionadolescentdelegationcondemnationrestorationpreservationspecificationreconciliationresignationspeculationrevelationsituateText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.delegation2.restoration3.situate4.specificationspetence6.adolescent7.condemnation8.reconciliation9.preservation 10.resignation 11. speculation12.revelationText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)particulates(2)viable(3)disagree(4)cite(5)rotary(6)vary(7)little(8)minimize(9)locating(10)designedText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.fill up2.fill up3.have factored in4.pose a risk to5.clear up6.is derived from7.hinge on8.is uponText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingDCABB CDAText B > Language focus > Words in use1.intrigued2.neutralize3coherent4.volatile5.disclose6.foretell7.dodge8.intermittent9.wholesale10.dualText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.level off2.keep ... at bay3.account for4.point to5.are starved of6.on a collision course7.on a collision course8. rescued ... fromCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2Unit 8Text A: Language focus: Words in use1.stalked2.expectancy3.terminate4.condolences5.chronicling6.malpractice7.retrospective8.boycott9.incur 10.batchesText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 1breakagedrainagebriberyrefineryconstitutionalexceptionalinstitutionalorientalsensationtutorialpresidentialprovincialText A: Language focus: Words building: Practice 21.provincial2.breakage3.institutional4.bribery5.sensations6.drainage7.tutorial8.refineries9.oriental 10.constitutional 11.presidential12.exceptionalText A > Language focus > Banked cloze(1)depressing(2)figure(3)flexibility(4)seemingly(5)sued(6)imagine(7)sparked(8)suffering(9)leaflets(10)passionateText A > Language focus > Expressions in use1.stay on the sidelines2.alerted to3.turned upy siege to5.followed suit6.In the face of7.put out8.get revenge forText B: Reading comprehension: UnderstandingCBADD CDBText B > Language focus > Words in use1.vibrate2.indignant3.activate4.adherence5.timely6.patrons7.tentatively8.serial9.denounces10.impetusText B > Language focus > Expressions in use1.has been swamped with2.in adherence to3.in essence4.marvel atacking ... up es to life 5.feel strongly about 6.was dubbed…as 7.tCollocation: : Practice 1Collocation: : Practice 2。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Reading_Aloud第一单元到第七单元
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Reading_Aloud第一单元到第七单元Unit 1If great achievers share anything,said Simonton,it is an unrelenting drive to succeed.There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,he explained.But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.It's a difference in degree.Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study,practice and devotion.He cited Winston Churchill,Britain's prime minister during World War 2,as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up.Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest,Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people.In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940,he inspired the nation when he said,We shall not flag or fail.We shall go on to the end... We shall never surrender.Unit 2Some persons refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome.A patient of mine,a few weeks after his discharge fromthe hospital,came back to thank his nurse.I didn't come back sooner,he explained,because I imagined you must be bored to death with people thanking you. On the contrary,she replied,I am delighted you came.Few realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it. Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much.For on the smiles,the thanks we give,our little gestures of appreciation,our neighbors build up their philosophy of life.Unit 3The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The say ing ,“when the going gets tough ,the tough get going,”is typical of this aggressive attitude towards problem-solving. No matter what the problem is or the techniques available for solving it, the frame work produce bu our Western way of thinking is fight. Dr.de Bono calls this vertical thinking: the traditional ,sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks is incorrectly placed ,then the whole structure collapses. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension,feeling of fight take over.Later thinking, Dr.de Bono says, is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether, and solves the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.Lateral thinking sounds simple. And it is. Once you have solved a problem laterally, you wonder how you could ever have been hung up on it. The key is making that vital shift in emphasis, that sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking it head-on.Dr.A.A.Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice in New York, explains how lateral thinking works with his patients, “Many people come to me wanting to stop smoking, for instance,”he says. “Most people fail when they are trying to stop smoking because they w ind up telling themselves,…No，I will not smoke; no, I shall not smoke; no, I will not; no, I cannot ...?”It's a fight and what happens is you end up smoking more.“So instead of looking at the problem from the old way of no, and fighting it, I show them a whole new point of view—thatyou are your body's keeper, and your body issomething though which you experience life. If you stop thinking about it, there's really something helpless about your body. It can do nothing for itself. It has no choice, it is like a baby's body. You begin then a whole new way of looking at it—…I am going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect and protection, by no smoking.?”Unit 4When a student's work did not measure up to the teacher's expectations,as often happened,the student was not treated with disappointment,anger,or annoyance.Instead,the teacher assumed that this was an exception,an accident,a bad day,a momentary slip-and the student believed her and felt reassured.The next time around,he tried harder,determined to live up to what the teacher knew he could do.The exact part of communication that tells a child,I expect the best,is difficult to pinpoint.In part it consists of a level tone showing assurance,a lack of verbal impatience,an absence of negative qualities such as irony,put-downs,and irritation.The teacherwho expects the best asks her questions with conviction,knowing the answers she gets will be right,and the child picks up that conviction.Unit 5I have often reflected upon the new vistas that reading opened to me. I knew right there in prison that reading had changed forever the course of my life. As I see it today, the ability to read awoke inside me some long dormant craving to be mentally alive. I certainly wasn't seeking any degree, the way a college confers a status symbol upon its students. My homemadeeducation gave me, with every additional book that I read, a little bit more sensitivity to the deafness that was afflicting the black race in America. Not long ago, an English writer telephoned me from London, asking questions. One was,“What's your alma matter ?”I told him,“Books.”You will never catch me with a free fifteen minutes in which I'm not studying something I feel might be able to help the black man ...Unit 6EQ is not the opposite of IQ.Some people are blessed with a lot of both,some with little ofeither.What reseachers have been trying to understand is how they complement each other,how one's ability to handle stress,for instance,affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use.Among the ingredients for success,researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%,the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developed in the brain over millions of years of human evolution.Unit 7As a child,I identified so strongly with my mother that I thought my father was just a long-term house guest with spanking privileges.She and I are bookish,introverted worriers.My father is an optimist who has never had a sleepless night in his life.Like most fathers and sons,we fought.But there was no cooling-off period between rounds.It was a cold war lasting from the onest of my adolescence untill I went off to college in 1973.I hated him.He was a former navy fighter pilot with an Irish temper and a belief that all the problems of the world-including an overprotected son who never saw anything through tocompletion-could be cured by the application of more discipline.。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册课本练习答案
新视野大学英语读写教程4（第三版）课本练习参考答案[1-5单元A部分]UNIT ONESection ALanguage focusWords in use[3]crumbled discern surpass shrewd conversion distort radiant ingenious stumped proposition1.As the gender barriers crumbled, the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly form the mid-20th century.随着性别障碍的瓦解，从20世纪中期开始，从事律师、医生或银行家工作的女性数量开始显著增加。
2.With the data collected each year, the owner of the shop can discern customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales performance.通过每年收集的数据，店主可以了解顾客的趋势，以及天气和经济指标对销售业绩影响。
3.His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is not only able to reach but to surpass his personal goals.他的上司以一种积极的方式推动和激励他，使他不仅能够达到，而且能够超越自己目标。
4.He is a man with a(n) shrewd business sense. He has built his initial investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.他是个精明的生意人。
21世纪大学英语读写教程(四)unit1课文及翻译
Who Is Great？Michael RyanAs a young boy, Albert Einstein did so poorly in school that teachers thought he was slow. The young Napoleon Bonaparte was just one of hundreds of artillery lieutenants in the French Army. And the teenage George Washington, with little formal education, was being trained not as a soldier but as a land surveyor.Despite their unspectacular beginnings, each would go on to carve a place for himself in history. What was it that enabled them to become great? Were they born with something special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and, perhaps, an uncompromising personality?For decades, scientists have been asking such questions. And, in the past few years, they have found evidence to help explain why some people rise above, while others—similarly talented, perhaps—are left behind. Their findings could have implications for us all.Who is great? Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. "Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great," said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: "Sometimes great people don't make it into the history books.A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized."In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics, psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or won wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesn't have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics.A "never surrender" attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. "There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal," he explained. "But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It's a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion."He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rosebrilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end...We shall never surrender."Can you be born great? In looking at Churchill's role in history —as well as the roles of other political and military leaders—Simonton discovered a striking pattern: "Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in time of crisis: They're used to taking charge. But middle-borns are better as peacetime leaders: They listen to different interest groups better and make the necessary compromises. Churchill, an only child, was typical. He was great in a crisis, but in peacetime he was not effective—not even popular."Timing is another factor. "If you took George Washington and put him in the 20th century he would go nowhere as a politician," Simonton declared. "He was not an effective public speaker, and he didn't like shaking hands with the public. On the other hand, I'm not sure Franklin Roosevelt would have done well in Washington's time. He wouldn't have had the radio to do his fireside chats."Can you be too smart? One surprise among Simonton's findings is that many political and military leaders have been bright but not overly so. Beyond a certain point, he explained, other factors, like the ability to communicate effectively, become more important than innate intelligence as measured by an IQ test. The most intelligent U.S. Presidents, for example—Thomas Jefferson, Woodrow Wilson and John F. Kennedy—had a hard time getting elected, Simonton said, while others with IQs closer to the average (such as Warren G. Harding) won by landslides. While political and economic factors also are involved, having a genius IQ is not necessary to be a great leader.In the sciences, those with "genius level" IQs do have a better chance at achieving recognition, added Simonton. Yet evidence also indicates that overcoming traditional ways of thinking may be just as important.He pointed to one recent study where college students were given a set of data and were asked to see if they could come up with a mathematical relation. Almost a third did. What they did not know was that they had just solved one of the most famous scientific equations in history: the Third Law of Planetary Motion, an equation that Johannes Kepler came up with in 1618.Kepler's genius, Simonton said, was not so much in solving a mathematical challenge. It was in thinking about the numbers in a unique way—applying his mathematical knowledge to his observations of planetary motion. It was his boldness that set him apart.Love your work. As a child, Einstein became fascinated with the way magnets are drawn to metal. "He couldn't stop thinking about this stuff," Simonton pointed out. "He became obsessed with problems in physics by thetime he was 16, and he never stopped working on them. It's not surprising that he made major contributions by the time he was 26.""For most of us, it's not that we don't have the ability," Simonton added, "it's that we don't devote the time. You have to put in the effort and put up with all the frustrations and obstacles."Like other creative geniuses, Einstein was not motivated by a desire for fame, said Simonton. Instead, his obsession with his work was what set him apart.Where such drive comes from remains a mystery. But it is found in nearly all creative geniuses—whether or not their genius is acknowledged by contemporaries."Emily Dickinson was not recognized for her poetry until after her death," said Simonton. "But she was not writing for fame. The same can be said of James Joyce, who didn't spend a lot of time worrying about how many people would read Finnegans Wake."Today, researchers have evidence that an intrinsic passion for one's work is a key to rising above. In a 1985 study at Brandeis University conducted by Teresa Amabile, now a professor of business administration at Harvard University, a group of professional writers—none famous—were asked to write a short poem. Each writer was then randomly placed in one of three groups: One group was asked to keep in mind the idea of writing for money; another was told to think about writing just for pleasure; and a third group was given no instruction at all.The poems then were submitted anonymously to a panel of professional writers for evaluation. The poetry written by people who thought about writing for money ranked lowest. Those who thought about writing just for pleasure did the best. "Motivation that comes from enjoying the work makes a significant difference, "Amabile said.当阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦是个小男孩的时候，他在学校里的成绩很差，老师们都觉得他反应迟钝。
21世纪大学英语读写教程(第四册)课后习题参考答案
21世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）课后习题参考答案21世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）课后习题参考答案UNIT1TEXT AII1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution whicha person makes or has made to human civilization.2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness.3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person.5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as the ability to communicate effectively.6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial.7.They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.8.The study showed that enjoying one’s work is the bestform of motivation.IV1.chat2.acknowledge3.motivated4.charcteristic5.despite6.influential7.cited8.obstacle9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate13.contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.moraleV1.left behind2.rise3.made history4.were endowed with5.put up with6.going nowhere7.ifocuses on8.be built on9.put in e up with 11.take charge 12.set...apartVIefficiency emergency fluency frequencyproficiency tendency urgency sufficiency1.fluency2.proficiency3.emergency4.Efficiency5.tendency6.frequencyVII1.For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it's that they don't have good study habits.2.Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have different IQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments.3.The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren't talented — it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.4.I'm really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.5.You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.VIII1.President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic and political isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperation through an association of nations.puters don't teach students in groups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their different needs.3.We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solve the problem of the greatest urgency at present.4.He dosen't get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend to everything himself.5.Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the students receive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the students have internalized the ability and desire to learn.IXBCBAD DCABA DABCAX西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Unit1课文讲解
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Unit1课文讲解21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册Unit1课文讲解导语：作为一个年轻的男孩，爱因斯坦在学校做得很差，老师觉得他很慢。
年轻的拿破仑·波拿巴只是法国陆军数百名火炮中尉之一。
乔治·华盛顿少年，没有受过正规教育，正在接受训练，不是作为士兵，而是作为土地测量师。
谁是伟大的?下面这篇英语课文将详叙这方面的内容，欢迎阅读。
Pre-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningBefore listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.genetics遗传学psychiatry精神病学persistent坚持不懈的Second ListeningListen to the tape again and then answer the following questions.1.What question did professor Simonton's research project seek to answer?2.What three personality traits of great people are mentioned?a) __________________________________________________________.b) __________________________________________________________.c) __________________________________________________________.3.What negative trait of "great" people is mentioned?4. Does professor Simonton believe that great people aremore often mentally ill than other people?Who Is Great?Michael RyanAs a young boy, Albert Einstein did so poorly in school that teachers thought he was slow. The young Napoleon Bonaparte was just one of hundreds of artillery lieutenants in the French Army. And the teenage George Washington, with little formal education, was being trained not as a soldier but as a land surveyor.Despite their unspectacular beginnings, each would go on to carve a place for himself in history. What was it that enabled them to become great? Were they born with something special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and, perhaps, an uncompromising personality?For decades, scientists have been asking such questions. And, in the past few years, they have found evidence to help explain why some people rise above, while others—similarly talented, perhaps—are left behind. Their findings could have implications for us all.Who is great? Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. "Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great," said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: "Sometimes great people don't make it into the history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized."In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics,psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or won wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesn't have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics.A "never surrender" attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. "There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal," he explained. "But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It's a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion."He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end...We shall never surrender."Can you be born great? In looking at Churchill's role in history—as well as the roles of other political and military leaders—Simonton discovered a striking pattern: "Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in time of crisis: They're used to taking charge. But middle-borns are better as peacetime leaders: They listen to different interest groups better and make the necessary compromises. Churchill, an only child, was typical. He was great in a crisis, but in peacetime he was not effective—not even popular."Timing is another factor. "If you took George Washington and put him in the 20th century he would go nowhere as a politician," Simonton declared. "He was not an effective public speaker, and he didn't like shaking hands with the public. On the other hand, I'm not sure Franklin Roosevelt would have done well in Washington's time. He wouldn't have had the radio to do his fireside chats."Can you be too smart? One surprise among Simonton's findings is that many political and military leaders have been bright but not overly so. Beyond a certain point, he explained, other factors, like the ability to communicate effectively, become more important than innate intelligence as measured by an IQ test. The most intelligent U.S. Presidents, for example—Thomas Jefferson, Woodrow Wilson and John F. Kennedy—had a hard time getting elected, Simonton said, while others with IQs closer to the average (such as Warren G. Harding) won by landslides. While political and economic factors also are involved, having a genius IQ is not necessary to be a great leader.In the sciences, those with "genius level" IQs do have a better chance at achieving recognition, added Simonton. Yet evidence also indicates that overcoming traditional ways of thinking may be just as important.He pointed to one recent study where college students were given a set of data and were asked to see if they could come up with a mathematical relation. Almost a third did. What they did not know was that they had just solved one of the most famous scientific equations in history: the Third Law of Planetary Motion, an equation that Johannes Kepler came up with in 1618.Kepler's genius, Simonton said, was not so much in solving a mathematical challenge. It was in thinking about the numbers ina unique way—applying his mathematical knowledge to his observations of planetary motion. It was his boldness that set him apart.Love your work. As a child, Einstein became fascinated with the way magnets are drawn to metal. "He couldn't stop thinking about this stuff," Simonton pointed out. "He became obsessed with problems in physics by the time he was 16, and he never stopped working on them. It's not surprising that he made major contributions by the time he was 26.""For most of us, it's not that we don't have the ability," Simonton added, "it's that we don't devote the time. You have to put in the effort and put up with all the frustrations and obstacles."Like other creative geniuses, Einstein was not motivated by a desire for fame, said Simonton. Instead, his obsession with his work was what set him apart.Where such drive comes from remains a mystery. But it is found in nearly all creative geniuses—whether or not their genius is acknowledged by contemporaries."Emily Dickinson was not recognized for her poetry until after her death," said Simonton. "But she was not writing for fame. The same can be said of James Joyce, who didn't spend a lot of time worrying about how many people would read Finnegans Wake."Today, researchers have evidence that an intrinsic passion for one's work is a key to rising above. In a 1985 study at Brandeis University conducted by Teresa Amabile, now a professor of business administration at Harvard University, a group of professional writers—none famous—were asked to write a short poem. Each writer was then randomly placed in one of threegroups: One group was asked to keep in mind the idea of writing for money; another was told to think about writing just for pleasure; and a third group was given no instruction at all.The poems then were submitted anonymously to a panel of professional writers for evaluation. The poetry written by people who thought about writing for money ranked lowest. Those who thought about writing just for pleasure did the best. "Motivation that comes from enjoying the work makes a significant difference, "Amabile said.New Wordsartilleryn. heavy guns, often mounted on wheels, used in fighting on land, branch of an army that uses these 火炮;大炮;炮兵(部队) surveyorn. a person whose job is to examine and record the area and features of a piece of land by measuring and calculating (土地)测量员;勘测员unspectaculara. ordinary; not exciting or special 不引人注意的;不惊人的spectaculara. (attracting attention because) impressive or extraordinary 引人注目的;出色的;与众不同的carvevt. 1. form (sth.) by cutting away material from wood or stone 雕刻;雕刻成2. build (one's career, reputation, etc.)by hard work 靠勤奋创(业)，靠勤奋树(名声)uncompromisinga. not ready to make any compromise; firm or unyielding. 不妥协的.，坚定的;不让步的influentiala. having a lot of influence on sb./sth. 有影响的;有权势的geneticsn. the scientific study of the ways in which different characteristics are passed from each generation of living things to the next 遗传学psychiatryn. the study and treatment of mental illness 精神病学;精神病治疗composevt. write (music, opera, poetry, etc.) 创作(音乐、歌剧、诗等) symphonyn. a long complex musical composition for a large orchestra, usu. in three or four parts 交响乐characteristicn. a typical feature or quality 特点unrelentinga. not becoming less strong or severe; continuous 不松懈的，不放慢的;持续的endowvt. provide (sb./sth.) with a good quality, ability, feature, etc. 给予，赋予super-normala. 超出一般的;超常的;非凡的amazinga. extremely good; esp. in a surprising and unexpected way 惊人的，令人吃惊的citevt. mention (sb./sth.) as an example or to support an argument; refer to 引用，引证;举出risk-takern. a person who dares to take risks 敢于冒险的人thrustvt. push (sth./sb./oneself) suddenly or violently (用力)推;强使moralen. state of confidence, enthusiasm, determination, etc. that a person or group has at a particular time 士气，精神状态brilliantlyad. in an outstanding manner 杰出地;才华横溢地Allieda. of the Allies (a group of countries fighting on the same side in a war, esp. those which fought with Britain in World Wars I and II) (第一次世界大战时期)协约国的;(第二次世界大战时期)同盟国的allyn. person, country, etc. joined with another in order to give help and support 同盟者;同盟国evacuationn. leaving a place of danger for a safer place 撤离;撤退evacuatev. 1. remove (sb.) from a place of danger to a safer place 撤退，撤出2. leave or withdraw from (a place) 撤离(某处)flagvi. become tired or weak; begin to lose enthusiasm or energy 疲乏;变弱;(热情、精力等)衰退，低落strikinga. attracting attention; unusual or interesting enough to be noticed 引人注目的;显著的，突出的firstbornn. a child born before other children 长子(或长女)peacetimen. a period when a country is not at war 和平时期firesiden. part of a room beside the fireplace, esp. considered as a warm comfortable place 壁炉旁chatn. a friendly informal conversation 闲谈，聊天fireside chat炉边亲切闲谈;(政治领袖在无线电或电视广播中)不拘形式的讲话innatea. (of a quality, feeling, etc.) in one's nature; possessed from birth 天生的landsliden. (竞选中)压倒多数的选票;一面倒的胜利equationn. 等式;方程(式)boldnessn. the state or quality of being confident and brave 勇敢，无畏bolda. confident and brave; daring 勇敢的，无畏的;敢作敢为的magnetn. a piece of iron or other material that can attract iron, either naturally or because of an electric current passed through it 磁铁obsessionn. the state of being obsessed 着迷contemporaryn. a person who lives or lived at the same time as another, usu. being roughly the same age 同代人;(几乎)同年龄的人a. belong to the same time; of the present time; modern 属于同一时代的;当代的;现代的poetryn. poems collectively or in general [总称]诗intrinsica. (of a value or quality) belonging naturally to sb./sth.; existing within sb./sth., rather than coming from outside 固有的;本质的;内在的randomlyad. without method or conscious choice 任意地，胡乱地submitvt. give (sth.) to sb./sth. so that it may be formally considered or so that a decision about it may be made 提交，呈递anonymouslyad. without revealing one's name 用匿名的方式evaluationn. the act of assessing or forming an idea of the amount, quality or value of sb./sth. 评价，评估Phrases and Expressionshave (sth., nothing, a lot, etc.) to do with sb./sth.be connected or concerned with sb./sth. to the extent specified 与某人 / 某事有(一些、毫无、很大)关系make historybe or do sth. so important or unusual that it will be recorded in history 创造历史，影响历史的进程;做出值得纪念(或载入史册的)事情rise abovebecome successful or outstanding 取得成功;出类拔萃leave behindcause to lag behind; surpass 把…丢在后面;超过focus onconcentrate on 集中于;着重于be endowed withnaturally have a good quality, ability, feature, etc. 天生具有come out oforiginate in or develop from 从…中获得;从…中发展而来build...uponbase ... on; use (sth.) as a foundation for further progress 把…建立在…上take chargetake control (of sth.); be responsible (for sth.) 掌管;负责go /get nowhereachieve no success or make no progress 不能成功;无进展set ... apartmake (sb./sth.) different from or superior to others 使显得突出，使显得与众不同put up withtolerate or bear (sb./sth.) 忍受，容忍Proper NamesMichael Ryan迈克尔·赖恩Napoleon Bonaparte拿破仑·波拿巴 (1769 — 1821, 法兰西第一帝国和百日王朝皇帝) George Washington乔治·华盛顿 (1732 — 1799, 美国第一任总统)Keith Simonton基思·西蒙顿Dunkirk敦刻尔克(法国北部港市)Franklin Roosevelt富兰克林·罗斯福 (1882 — 1945, 美国第三十二任总统)Thomas Jefferson托马斯·杰斐逊 (1743 — 1826, 美国第三任总统，《独立宣言》主要起草人)Woodrow Wilson伍德罗·威尔逊 (1856 — 1924, 美国第二十八任总统)Warren G. Harding沃伦·G·哈定 (1865 — 1923, 美国第二十九任总统)Johannes Kepler开普勒 (1571 — 1630, 德国天文学家和占星家)Emily Dickinson艾米莉·迪金森 (1830 — 1886, 美国女诗人，美国现代诗先驱者之一)James Joyce詹姆斯·乔伊斯 (1882 — 1941, 爱尔兰小说家，多用“意识流”手法，代表作《尤利西斯》)Finnegans Wake《为芬尼根守灵》(乔伊斯于 1939 年出版的最后一部小说)Brandeis布兰代斯大学 (马萨诸塞州)Teresa Amabile特蕾莎·阿玛贝尔下载全文下载文档。
读写教程第四册短对话（Unit1-5）
读写教程第四册短对话（Unit1-5）Understanding Short Conversations （Unit 1-5）Directions:In this section you'll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.1.A. The man taking something from her.B. The man stealing from her grandmother.C. The man stealing from his grandmother.D. The man telling his grandmother that she steals.2.A. The woman doesn't worry about important things in society.B. The woman doesn't know what's important in society.C. The man doesn't consider himself part of society.D. The man doesn't care about children saying ma'am or sir.3.A. The reasons why the woman is important.B. The reasons why the woman is wrong.C. The woman's working experience.D. The woman's work as a writer.4.A. His studies at school.B. Deaths because of war.C. Wars he has studied.D. Things he can control.5.A. Have independent thought.B. Show respect to the teacher.C. Disagree with the teacher.D. Get angry at the teacher.6.A. The company policy.B. The shop.C. The shirt.D. The service.7.A. A prison.B. A classroom.C. A big city.D. A small town.8.A. 5.B. 6.C. 2.D. 3.9.A. The woman is a talented singer and impressed the man.B. The man would like to go to a talent show.C. The man liked the show better than the woman.D. The woman had no interest in the show at all.10.A. He feels he isn't good enough.B. He feels he isn't a kid anymore.C. He can't make it on the 12th.D. He doesn't like trying.11.A. One's own values.B. One's hard work.C. One's personal contacts.D. One's special abilities.A. The man is a professional actor.B. The man never thinks about acting.C. Many people don't like acting.D. Many people think the man's a good actor.13.A. The man doesn't think second place is good.B. The man hasn't taught the woman anything.C. The woman is proud of winning the race.D. The woman believes she is a loser.14.A. They have rights.B. They are well-paid.C. They work outside homes.D. They have good jobs.15.A. Mother and son.B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and employee.16.A. The 12th.B. The 17th.C. The 15th.D. The 18th.17.A. The speakers are welfare caseworkers.B. The speakers have cleaned up their apartment.C. The speakers live together and receive welfare money.D. The speakers have had their welfare payments reduced.18.A. The man has arrived this morning from Thailand.B. The man is going to Thailand the next day.C. The man has bought some bags in Thailand.D. The man would like to take the woman to Thailand.19.A. He can't speak the language.B. He doesn't know how to speak to native speakers.C. He sometimes makes mistakes in pronunciation and tenses.D. He have difficulty understanding native speakers.20.A. The woman's leg is broken.B. The accident was too minor to lead to a break.C. X-rays are the only way to know if there is a break.D. The woman's pain is probably minor.21.A. The man would like to do something to help people.B. The man would like to do something to get rich.C. The man thinks the woman should do something to make her rich.D. The man thinks the woman's new job is good.22.A. Waking up and rolling out of bed.B. Being near all his favorite things.C. Meeting people from all over the world.D. Staying near his classroom.A. Brother and sister.B. Teacher and student.C. Father and daughter.D. Mother and son.24.A. Brother and sister.B. Mother and son.C. Father and daughter.D. Teacher and student.25.A. Everyone has a better mobile nowadays.B. He is too proud of his mobile phone.C. He is slow in getting a mobile phone.D. His mobile phone is not real.26.A. The man's wife heads the mobile phone division.B. The man's wife is up for the next promotion.C. The man's wife wasn't promoted.D. The man's wife promoted someone with more experience.27.A. To gain access to the person's money.B. To make up fake IDs.C. To use another person's identity.D. To get a social security number.28.A. Another person has the woman's card.B. The new card may bring some trouble.C. The new card is really easy to use.D. Another person is pretending to be the woman.29.A. Dealing with real people at the bank.B. Using banking machines.C. Handling bank transactions.D. Taking care of other people.30.A. The woman's phone has been sending strange messages all day.B. The woman's phone has been receiving strange messages all day.C. The man's phone cannot be figured out by anyone.D. The man's phone has been sending messages by itself.31.A. $1700.B. $1200.C. $300.D. $200.32.A. Employer and employee.B. Husband and wife.C. Father and daughter.D. Mother and son.33.A. She is upset with her daughter's school.B. She has nothing for her to do where she is.C. She is starting her own company.D. She has a new job.34.A. He's too lazy.B. It's summertime.C. He can't see them.D. They look good.35.A. She didn't want to answer while relaxing.B. She didn't notice that it was ringing.C. She didn't want to leave her bath.36.A. The man wants to marry the woman.B. The woman wants to marry the man.C. The man and woman are married.D. The man's mother wants the two to marry.37.A. The woman is cleaning the home.B. The man is inviting the woman to stay.C. The man and woman live together.D. The man doesn't want the woman to move.38.A. On the street.B. In the woman's home.C. With his mother.D. In his own place.39.A. The man has a title he fought for.B. The man only had a couple of days to train.C. The man is a boxer with an upcoming fight.D. The man has trouble when he trains for fights.40.A. The woman is talking on her mobile phone.B. The woman wants to bring home some milk.C. The man has picked up some bread.D. The man is making too much noise on the bus.41.A. He caught a disease from his work at the hospital.B. He caught a disease from his roommate.C. He was hit by a truck when going to the hospital.D. He was hit by a truck that was driven by his roommate.42.A. Boyfriend and girlfriend.B. Husband and wife.C. Grandmother and grandson.D. Brother and sister.43.A. 14.B. 8.C. 7.D. 3.44.A. Mother and son.B. Father and daughter.C. Teacher and student.D. Husband and wife.。
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Understanding Short Conversations （Unit 1-5）Directions:In this section you'll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.1.A. The man taking something from her.B. The man stealing from her grandmother.C. The man stealing from his grandmother.D. The man telling his grandmother that she steals.2.A. The woman doesn't worry about important things in society.B. The woman doesn't know what's important in society.C. The man doesn't consider himself part of society.D. The man doesn't care about children saying ma'am or sir.3.A. The reasons why the woman is important.B. The reasons why the woman is wrong.C. The woman's working experience.D. The woman's work as a writer.4.A. His studies at school.B. Deaths because of war.C. Wars he has studied.D. Things he can control.5.A. Have independent thought.B. Show respect to the teacher.C. Disagree with the teacher.D. Get angry at the teacher.6.A. The company policy.B. The shop.C. The shirt.D. The service.7.A. A prison.B. A classroom.C. A big city.D. A small town.8.A. 5.B. 6.C. 2.D. 3.9.A. The woman is a talented singer and impressed the man.B. The man would like to go to a talent show.C. The man liked the show better than the woman.D. The woman had no interest in the show at all.10.A. He feels he isn't good enough.B. He feels he isn't a kid anymore.C. He can't make it on the 12th.D. He doesn't like trying.11.A. One's own values.B. One's hard work.C. One's personal contacts.D. One's special abilities.A. The man is a professional actor.B. The man never thinks about acting.C. Many people don't like acting.D. Many people think the man's a good actor.13.A. The man doesn't think second place is good.B. The man hasn't taught the woman anything.C. The woman is proud of winning the race.D. The woman believes she is a loser.14.A. They have rights.B. They are well-paid.C. They work outside homes.D. They have good jobs.15.A. Mother and son.B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and employee.16.A. The 12th.B. The 17th.C. The 15th.D. The 18th.17.A. The speakers are welfare caseworkers.B. The speakers have cleaned up their apartment.C. The speakers live together and receive welfare money.D. The speakers have had their welfare payments reduced.18.A. The man has arrived this morning from Thailand.B. The man is going to Thailand the next day.C. The man has bought some bags in Thailand.D. The man would like to take the woman to Thailand.19.A. He can't speak the language.B. He doesn't know how to speak to native speakers.C. He sometimes makes mistakes in pronunciation and tenses.D. He have difficulty understanding native speakers.20.A. The woman's leg is broken.B. The accident was too minor to lead to a break.C. X-rays are the only way to know if there is a break.D. The woman's pain is probably minor.21.A. The man would like to do something to help people.B. The man would like to do something to get rich.C. The man thinks the woman should do something to make her rich.D. The man thinks the woman's new job is good.22.A. Waking up and rolling out of bed.B. Being near all his favorite things.C. Meeting people from all over the world.D. Staying near his classroom.A. Brother and sister.B. Teacher and student.C. Father and daughter.D. Mother and son.24.A. Brother and sister.B. Mother and son.C. Father and daughter.D. Teacher and student.25.A. Everyone has a better mobile nowadays.B. He is too proud of his mobile phone.C. He is slow in getting a mobile phone.D. His mobile phone is not real.26.A. The man's wife heads the mobile phone division.B. The man's wife is up for the next promotion.C. The man's wife wasn't promoted.D. The man's wife promoted someone with more experience.27.A. To gain access to the person's money.B. To make up fake IDs.C. To use another person's identity.D. To get a social security number.28.A. Another person has the woman's card.B. The new card may bring some trouble.C. The new card is really easy to use.D. Another person is pretending to be the woman.29.A. Dealing with real people at the bank.B. Using banking machines.C. Handling bank transactions.D. Taking care of other people.30.A. The woman's phone has been sending strange messages all day.B. The woman's phone has been receiving strange messages all day.C. The man's phone cannot be figured out by anyone.D. The man's phone has been sending messages by itself.31.A. $1700.B. $1200.C. $300.D. $200.32.A. Employer and employee.B. Husband and wife.C. Father and daughter.D. Mother and son.33.A. She is upset with her daughter's school.B. She has nothing for her to do where she is.C. She is starting her own company.D. She has a new job.34.A. He's too lazy.B. It's summertime.C. He can't see them.D. They look good.35.A. She didn't want to answer while relaxing.B. She didn't notice that it was ringing.C. She didn't want to leave her bath.36.A. The man wants to marry the woman.B. The woman wants to marry the man.C. The man and woman are married.D. The man's mother wants the two to marry.37.A. The woman is cleaning the home.B. The man is inviting the woman to stay.C. The man and woman live together.D. The man doesn't want the woman to move.38.A. On the street.B. In the woman's home.C. With his mother.D. In his own place.39.A. The man has a title he fought for.B. The man only had a couple of days to train.C. The man is a boxer with an upcoming fight.D. The man has trouble when he trains for fights.40.A. The woman is talking on her mobile phone.B. The woman wants to bring home some milk.C. The man has picked up some bread.D. The man is making too much noise on the bus.41.A. He caught a disease from his work at the hospital.B. He caught a disease from his roommate.C. He was hit by a truck when going to the hospital.D. He was hit by a truck that was driven by his roommate.42.A. Boyfriend and girlfriend.B. Husband and wife.C. Grandmother and grandson.D. Brother and sister.43.A. 14.B. 8.C. 7.D. 3.44.A. Mother and son.B. Father and daughter.C. Teacher and student.D. Husband and wife.。