2012浙江卷 实用类
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 文综(浙江卷)word版(含答案)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科综合能力测试本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
全卷共12页，选择题部分1至7页，非选择题部分8至12页。
满分300分，考试时间150分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分（共140分）注意事项：1.答题前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
选择题部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
2011年11月28日至12月9日，联合国气候变化大会在南非东部海滨城市德班召开，大会重点关注了二氧化碳排放。
完成1-2题。
1.2009年我国政府提出，到2020年单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%。
下列措施中有助于实现该目标的有①推广太阳能、核能②降低非化石能源占一次性能源消费的比重③增加森林面积④提高单位GDP能耗A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④2.根据下表分析，德班的气候类型是A.热带雨林气候B.热带草原气候C.热带季风气候D.地中海气候专家认为，欣赏旅游景观，尤其需要的是提升感受力和理解力。
完成3-4题。
“马穿山径菊初黄，信马悠悠野兴长。
万壑有声含晚籁，数峰无语立斜阳。
棠梨叶落胭脂色，荞麦花开白雪香。
何事吟余忽惆怅，村桥原树似吾乡。
”这是宋朝诗人王禹偁谪居陕西时，描述山村风景的《村行》。
3.下面是四位同学对《村行》的评论，哪些同学的说法是正确的？甲：“马穿山径菊初黄”中的“菊初黄”同时包含了由视觉、听觉感受到的景象；乙：“万壑有声含晚籁”中“万壑”指的是遍布的黄土沟壑；丙：“荞麦花开白雪香”指的是由视觉、嗅觉感受到的春天景象；丁：“村桥原树似吾乡”是由视觉看到的景物，并引发的移情想象欣赏。
2012浙江省高考语文试卷及参考答案最新版本图文
1、下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．棱角/菱形窒息/对峙稽首/稽查B．侥幸/阻挠绚烂/驯服称职/职称C．塑料/朔风叫嚣/发酵本末倒置/倒行逆施D．延伸/筵席瓦砾/罹难挑三拣四/挑拨离间2、下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（4分）A．具有自动化生产、智能识别和系统操控等功能的工业机器人，正成为国内不少装备制造企业提高生产效率，解决人力成本上涨的利器。
B．如何引导有运动天赋的青少年热爱并且投身于滑雪运动，从而培养这些青少年对滑雪运动的兴趣，是北京冬奥申委正在关注的问题。
C．要深化对南极地区海冰融化现象和南极上空大气运动过程的认识，就必须扩大科学考察区域，加强科研观测精度，改进实验设计方法。
D．各级各类学校应高度重视校园网络平台建设，着力培养一批熟悉网络技术、业务精湛的教师，以便扎实有效地开展网络教育教学工作。
3、下列诗句中，没有使用比拟手法的一项是（3分）A．东风便试新刀尺，万叶千花一手裁。
B．浮萍破处见山影，小艇归时闻草声。
C．有情芍药含春泪，无力蔷薇卧晓枝。
D．唯有南风旧相识，偷开门户又翻书。
4、阅读下文，完成22—26题。
（12分）治学（东汉）徐幹①昔之君子成德立行，身没而名不朽，其故何□？学也。
②学也者，所以疏神达思，怡情理性，圣人之上务也。
民之初载，其矇未知。
譬如宝在于玄室①，有所求而不见，白日照焉，则群物斯辩矣。
学者，心之白日也。
③学犹饰也，器不饰则无以为美观，人不学则无以有懿德。
有懿德，故可以经人伦；为美观，故可以供神明。
④夫听黄钟之声，然后知击缶之细；视衮龙之文，然后知被褐之陋；涉庠序之教，然后知不学之困。
故学者如登山焉，动而益高；如寤寐焉，久而愈足。
顾所由来，则杳然其远，以其难而懈之，误且非矣。
⑤倚立而思远，不如速行之必至也；矫首而徇飞，不如修翼之必获也；孤居而愿智，不如务学之必达也。
故君子心不苟愿，必以求学；身不苟动，必以从师；言不苟出，必以博闻。
⑥君子之于学也，其不懈，犹上天之动，犹日月之行，终身亹亹②，没而后已。
(完整版)2012年浙江省英语高考试题及答案全国卷word版,推荐文档
2012年浙江省英语高考试题及答案全国卷选择题部分，（共80分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共20小题；每小题0．5分，满分10分）1. ----- Is there anything else to discuss?------ _________, I guess.A. Not at allB. No ,that’s allC. Yes , I ‘m sureD. Yes , of course2. The development of industry has been _______ gradual process throughout ______human existence from stone tools to modern technology.A, / , the B, the , a C, a, / D, a, a3. No matter how bright a talker you are , there are times when it ‘s better ______ silent.A, remain B, be remaining C, having remained D, to remain4. I made a promise to myself _______ this year, my first year in high school , would be different. A, whether B, what C, that D, how5. Studying Wendy’s menu , I found that many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald’s . A, those B, ones C, any D, all6. _______ all the animals I ‘ve ever had ,those two dogs are the most sensitive to spoken word.A. FromB. OfC. ForD. With7. Your _______ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. A, opinion B, growth C, performance D, character8. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regualrly or ______ his job.A, quits B, to quit C, quitting D, quit9. We live in an age ________ more information is available with great ease than ever before.A, why B, when C, to whom D, on which10. The research lacks ________ evidence ,and therefore , its conclusions are doubtful.A, solid B, fierce C, severe D, potential11. “ It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.A, to be reserved B, having reserved C, reserving D, reserved12. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to ___ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A, differ B, shrink C, fail D, decline13. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but ______ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.A, had abandoned B, abandoned C, abandon D, will abandon14. Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _______ he was glad to be able make himself clearly understood.A, all in all B, for one thing C, on the contrary D, by the way15. Armed with the information you have gathered , you can ________ preparing your business plan. A, set out B, set about C, set off D, set up16. ----- Alvin , are you coming with us?------ I’d love to , but something unexpected __________.A, has come up B, was coming up C, had come up D, would come up17. Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, _______, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A, which B, who C, where D, whom18. Mike was usually so careful, ________this time he made a small mistake.A, yet B, still C, even D, thus19. Had they known what was coming next, they ________ second thoughts.A, may have B, could have C, must have had D, might have had20. ----- I’m going to San Francisco for a coup le of days.------ ________, I wish I could get away for a while.A. It doesn’t matterB. Forget it.C. I really envy youD. I can’t agree more第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）“Just sign here, sir,” the d eliveryman said as he handed Oscar Reyna a package.The package consisted of a long , narrow box ___21____ wrapped in brown paper. __22___ the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside—— a very old one with a beautifully carved handle. ____23___He had not seen it in more than 20 years, he recognized it ____24____.Oscar was 16 when he first saw the ___25____ umbrella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving, he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. Impressed by its____26____, Oscar felt a strong desire to find its ___27____.Oscar ___28____ the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat ____29___ Oscar had found the umbrella . The name was Mrs. Katie O’brien.Oscar talked his grandparents into going by Mrs O’brien’s ___30____ on their way home. He rang the bell, the do or opened, and an elderly woman appeared. “May I __31___ you ? “she asked.“I’d like to return it if its yours,” Oscar said, ____32____ the umbrella as if presenting a ___33___ that had long been wished for.“Why , yes! it’s mine, “replied Mrs. Brien with a ___34____ smile and shining eyes. “ It was given to by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your____35____ ? ““ No, ma’am , “ he said “ my grandmother says a good deed is its own reward.”“ Well, that ‘s ____36_____ my father used to say. What is your name , Young man ?”Years later, Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remember Mrs. O’ Brien . It was in perfect condition, considering how__37__ it was. Why had it arrived here today?As if ___38____, a note fell from the paper. It read: Mrs O’brien wanted you to ___39___ this umbrella as a present for a kind, __40___gesture long ago.21. A. strictly B. carefully C. roughly D. casually22. A. opening B. seizing C. observing D. searching23. A. After B. When C. Since D. Although24. A. clearly B. fully C. immediately D. suddenly25. A. average B. unusual C. plain D. typical26. A. beauty B. shape C. origin D. history27. A. designer B. seller C. user D. owner28. A. convinced B. forced C. encouraged D. advised29. A. until B. before C. which D. where30. A. family B. theater C. house D. neighborhood31. A. invite B. help C. bother D. know32. A. putting up B. turning out C. picking up D. holding out33. A. chance B. fact C. gift D. result34. A. wide B. confident C. proud D. shy35. A. patience B. kindness C. courage D. determination36. A. obviously B. naturally C. exactly D. probably37. A. old B. rare C. precious D. nice38. A. in contrast B. in return C. in exchange D. in answer39. A. possess B. accept C. carry D. value40. A. attractive B. significant C. unselfish D. sympathetic第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，共50分）AEaster (复活节) is still a great day for worship, candy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies.And no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. The culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US,Take the Lower Keys Marsh rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer -- it lives on the islands! -- but it is already severely affected bydevelopment and now by rising sea levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these ~ys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators (~I~’) ~ As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies are being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the first of these species to go extinct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool. damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (J~2~) to higher ground -- but they already occupy the mountaintops. They can’t go any higher. The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat heats up.The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations.Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed.All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter.41. The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order toA. show the importance of Easter DayB. introduce the issue about bunniesC. remind people of Easter traditionsD. discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies42. The word “culprit” (Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to_________A. criminalB. judgeC. victimD. producer43. According to the passage, some rabbits can now be easily discovered by predators because theyA. are exposed to more skillful huntersB. have moved to habitats with fewer plantsC. haven’t adapted themselves to climate changeD. can’t change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring44. The problem faced by volcano rabbits and rock rabbits is thatA. both are affected by less snowB. both are affected by rising sea levelsC. neither can find enough foodD. neither can migrate to higher places45. Which best describes the writer’s tone in the pass age?A. Approving.B. Concerned.C. Enthusiastic.D. Doubtful.BBelow is a selection about Guinness（吉尼斯）World Records.Top 6 Unusual Guinness World Records♦ Fastest 100 m running on all foursThe 2008 Guinness World Records Day was, according to CWR, their biggest day of record-breaking ever, I- h more than 290.000 people taking put in record attempts in 15 different countries. Kenichi Ito's record attempt was port of this special day. He is just another example of Japanese with "super powers". His "super power" is to run with great speed on all fours. Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds. The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kuritsu Sogo Undojyo, Tokyo, in 2008.♦ Most people inside a soap bubbleThe Discovery Science Center in Santa Ana, Califomia celebrated this year the 15th anniversary of the Bubble (泡泡) Festival. A bubble's math principles and science were presented and demonstrated at the three-week-long exhibition. The intriguing Bubble Show was also part of the program. Fan Yang and Deni Yang impressed the audience with their awesome skills for bubble making. The Yang family cooperated with the Discovery Science Center to set a new Guinness World Record for mow people inside a scup bubble and they succeeded.The family that has been working with soap bubbles for 27 years created a huge soap bubble and got 118 people inside it. The record was set or. April 4, 2011.♦ Longest ears on a dogA bloodhound from Illinois has the longest ears ever measured a dog. The right ear is 13.75 inches long and the left one 13.5 inches. The dog named Tigger earned this title in 2004 and is owned by Christina and Bryan Flessner.Mr. Jeffries is the previous record holder of this title. Each of his ears measured approximately 11. 5 inches long. His grandfather used to hold this amazing world record, but when he died Mr.Jeffries look over.♦ Most living generationsDid you ever wonder what is the Guinness World Record for most living generation in one family? Seven is the answer.The ultimate authority on record-breaking mentions on the website that the youngest great-great- great-great grandparent of this family was Augusta Bung "aged 109 years 97 days, followed by her daughter aged 89, her granddaughter aged 70, her great grand-daughter aged 52, her great-great grand-daughter aged 33 and her great-great-great granddaughter aged 15 on the birth of her great-great-great-great grandson on January 21, 1989"♦ Most T shirts worn at onceBelieve it or not, there is a record also for this category. Krunoslav Budiseli set a new world record on May 22, 2010 for wearing 245 T-shirts at the same time. The nun from Croatia was officially recognized as the new record bolder by Guinness World Records after he managed to put on 245 different T-shirts in 1ess than two hours. . The T-shirts weighted 68 KG and Budiseli said he beganstruggling around T-shirt No. 120. He dethroned the Swedish Guinness record holder who wore 238 T-shirts.♦ Heaviest pumpkinGuinness World Records confirmed on October 9. 2010 that a gigantic pumpkin （南瓜）grown in Wisconcin was officially the world’s heaviest. It weighed 1,810 pounds 8 ounces and was unveiled by Chris Stevens at the Stillwater Harvest Festival in Minnesota. Stevens' pumpkin was 85 pounds Javier than the previous re I, another huge pumpkin grown in Ohio. The proud farmer said his secret is a precise of rain, cow mature, good soil, sea grass and fish emulsion. Some of the world's heaviest pumpkins, including the record bolder, were on public display at the Bronx Botanical Gardens in New Yost for a dozen days.46. Why is Kenichi Ito described «s a man with a "super power"?A. He set a good example to all Japanese.B. He made record attempts in 15 different countries.C. He set a new record for "Fastest 100 m running on all fours".D. He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.47. Jeffries is the name of .A. the owner of the dog with the longest earsB. the grandfather of the dog with the longest careC. the present holder of the record for "Longest care on a dog"D.the former holder of the record for " longest care on a dog'48. How many T-shirts had Krunoslav Budiseli put on before he felt it difficult to go on?A. 68.B. 120.C. 238.D. 245.49. According to the given information. which Guinness World Record was most recently set?A. The record for "Most people inside a soup bubble".B. The record for "Most living generations'".C. The record for "Most T-shirts worn at once".D. The record for " Heaviest pumpkin".CTwo friends have an argument that bleaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandw ich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fir On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution;side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need f. consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.50. This article is mainly about .A. the lives of school childrenB. the cause of arguments in schoolsC. how to analyze youth violenceD. how to deal with school conflicts51. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that________ .A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtimeB. a small conflict can lead to viole nceC. students tend to lose their temper easilyD. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight52. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?A. To find out who to blame.B. T o get ready to buy new things.C. To make clear what the real issue is.D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.53. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______.A. there was a decrease in classroom violenceB. there was less student cooperation in the classroomC. more teachers fell better about themselves in schoolsD. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved54. The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to_______.A. complain about problems in school educationB. teach students different strategies for school lifeC. advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsD. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violenceDAs a young boy, I sometimes traveled the country roads with my dad. He was a rural mill carrier, and on Saturdays he would ask me to go with him. Driving through the countryside was always an adventure: There were animals to see, people to visit, and chocolate cookies if you knew where to stop, and Dad did.In the spring, Dad delivered boxes full of baby chickens, and when 1 was a boy it was such a fun toOn Dad' s final day of work, it took him well into the evening to complete his rounds because at least one member from each family was waiting at their mailbox to thank him for his friendship and his years of service. "Two hundred and nineteen mailboxes on my route." he used to say, "and a story at every one. " One lady had no mailbox, so Dad took the mail in to her every day because she was nearly blind. Once inside, he read her mail and helped her pay her bills.Mailboxes were sometimes used for things other than mail. One note left in a mailbox read. "Nat, take these eggs to Marian; she's baking a cake and doesn't have any eggs. " Mailboxes might be buried in the snow, or broken, or lying on the groom:. bat the mail was always delivered On cold days Dad might find one of his customers waiting for him with a cup of hot chocolate. A young wrote letters but had no stamps, so she left a few button on the envelope in the mailbox; Dad paid for the stamps. One businessman used to leave large amounts of cash in his mailbox for Dad to take to the bank. Once, the amount came to 8 32,000.A dozen years ago, when I traveled back to my hometown on the sad occasion of Dad’s death, the mailboxes along the way reminded me of some of his stories. I thought I knew them all, but that wasn't the case.As I drove home, I noticed two lamp poles, one on each side of the street. When my dad was around, those poles supported wooden boxes about four feet off the ground. One box was painted green and the other was red, and each had a long narrow hole at the top with white lettering: SANTA CLAUS, NORTH POLE. For years children had dropped letters to Santa through those holes.I made a turn at the comer and drove past the post office and across the railroad tracks to our house. Mom and I were sitting at the kitchen table when I heard footsteps. There, at the door, stood Frank Townsend, Dad's postmaster and great friend for many years. So we all sat down at the table and began to tell stories.At one point Frank looked at me with tears in his eyes. " What are we going to do about the letters this Christmas?" he asked."The letters?"'I guess you never knew. ""Knew what?"" Remember, when you were a kid and you used to put your letters to Santa in those green and red boxes on Main Street? It was your dad who answered all those letters every year. "I just sat there with tears in my eyes. It wasn’t hard for me to imagine Dad sitting at the ol d table in our basement reading those letters and answering each one. I have since spoken with several of the people who received Christmas letters during their childhood, and they told me how amazed they were that Santa had known so much about their homes and families.For me, just knowing that story about my father was the gift of a lifetime.55. I t can be inferred from the passage that the writer regarded his travels with Dad us_____.A. great chances to help other peopleB. happy occasions to play with baby chickensC. exciting experience* with a lot of funD. good opportunities to enjoy chocolate cookies56. T he writer provides the detail about the businessman to show that_____.A. Dad had a strong sense of dutyB. Dad was an honest and reliable manC. Dad had a strong sense of honor57. A ccording to the passage, which of the following impressed the writer most?A. Dad read letters for a blind lady for years.B. Dad paid for the stamps for a young girl.C. Dad delivered some eggs to Marian.D. Dad answered children's Christmas letters every year.58. The method the writer uses to develop Paragraph 4 is______.A. offering analysesB. providing explanationsC. giving examplesD. making comparisons59. W hat surprised the children most when they received letters in reply from Santa Claus every year?A. Santa Claus lived alone in the cold North Pole.B. Santa Claus answered all their letters every year.C. Santa Claus had unique mailboxes for the children.D. Santa Claus had so much information about their families.60. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. The MailB. Christmas LettersC Special Mailboxes D. Memorable Travels第二节下面文章中有5处（第61~65题）需要添加小标题，请从以下选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑,选项中一项为多余选项.A. Slow Down Your LifeB. Escape Now and ThenC. Separate Your ActionsD. Allow Yourself to Be WeakE. Relieve Pressure by Firmly Saying " No"F. Stop Expecting Everything to Be PerfectHow to Simplify Your LifeLess is more. This is why we say: reduce things by half instead of doubling them, get rid of junk instead of piling it up, relax instead of stressing, slow down instead of speeding up. Apply these principles in your everyday life in a conscious way. You will then find yourself well along on your journey to simplification.61. __When you concentrate on one task, you find you have energy that you didn't even know you had. Just imagine: you arc at a fair and you have to carry two heavy pigs over 100 yards. If you keep grabbing one and then the other, it will take forever, because one of them will keep slipping out from under your arm and running off. But if you tie one pig in a place, pick up the other, gather all your strength and make a dash for the finish line, pause for a moment, run bock and get the other one, and with great determination, carry the second pig to the finish line, then you can be sure of succcss.62. ______The pressure at work is on the increase in all occupations. In the modem nuclear family, the expectations that formerly would have been shared among all the relatives are now concentrated on the individual partner.If you have the feeling that 24 hours per day are not enough for nil the things you need to do, then it’s not because the day has too few hours, but because you have too man y activities. A simple fact thatassignments in your private life or your working life.63. ___“I can handle stress” is regarded as a positive statement in the world of work. People who can handle stress are given more and more to cope with — until one day they break.Pay careful attention to the signs that tell you that you arc under more stress than you can cope with. These signals came from various areas of life. You become ill, or your work efficiency decreases.If you have any of these symptoms, change your life goals and decrease your tolerance of stress. Say quite openly, "I can't manage that. "64. ___"If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier. " This is a dream that makes a lot of people ill, depressed, and unhappy. Life has its flaws, defects, comets, and edges. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.Of course there are activities in which errors are dangerous; driving a car, crossing the road. But life doesn't consist entirely of these things. In among them there is a lot of room for small and large mistakes.65. __Successful people ail have their own places where they can withdraw in order to work. Find out which places improve your creativity. For me it's the train. When I know that I'm going to be traveling for four hours without phone calls and people knocking on my door, I find my mind is free and I can read or write complex articles. There can be problems working on the train, of course:if the person sitting opposite you keeps talking away, or if train trips make you tired (some people fall asleep after a few miles).（非选择题，共40分）第三部分:写作（共二节,满分40分）第一节:短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
浙江高考语文实用类文本阅读专项训练
实用类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
病原菌对抗生素耐受性的出现严重影响了抗生素的临床有效性，给细菌感染性疾病的治疗带来了新的挑战。
近日，国际知名期刊《危险材料杂志》在线发表了扬州大学兽医学院教授王志强研究团队的最新研究成果。
他们发现，食品添加剂脱氢乙酸钠可以诱发抗生素耐受性的形成，进而削弱了杀菌抗生素的临床有效性。
论文共同通讯作者王志强介绍，与抗生素耐药性不同的是，耐受性的形成不依赖于耐药基因的获得，而是指细菌在不改变药物最小抑菌浓度（MIC）的情况下，通过调整自身细胞内的代谢水平来获得对外界药物的抵抗能力。
目前，这种表型耐药而基因型不耐药的菌株在临床上由于缺乏标准的检测方法，因此往往容易被忽视。
但是研究表明，抗生素耐受性不仅是导致慢性和反复性感染的重要原因，而且能够促进耐药性的发展和进化。
然而，目前对于抗生素耐受性产生的原因以及可能的外界诱导因素仍然缺乏足够的了解。
脱氢乙酸钠（DHA-S）是世界卫生组织（WHO）和联合国粮农组织（FAO）认可的一种安全新型的食品防腐剂，其被广泛应用于加工食品如面包、糕点、月饼、熟肉及腌菜，以及化妆品等产品中。
在我国食品添加剂的标准中，在食品中允许添加的最高浓度为1.0g/kg。
然而，DHA-S在食品工业中的大量使用引起的潜在健康风险仍有待进一步评估。
论文第一作者和共同通讯作者、扬州大学教授刘源在接受《中国科学报》采访时说，我们通过体外杀菌实验发现，亚抑菌浓度的DHA-S与病原菌的共培养显著降低了病原菌对多种杀菌抗生素的敏感性，且呈现剂量依赖性，但对于抑菌抗生素的敏感性影响不大。
然而，MIC测定结果表明，细菌与DHA-S共培养后细菌对抗生素的MIC值并未改变。
基因组测序表明，细菌与DHA-S共培养后没有非同义突变的出现。
基于此，该团队推断，DHA-S诱发了抗生素耐受性的形成而非可遗传的耐药性突变。
在大蜡螟和小鼠感染模型中，他们发现，提前给子DHA-S处理的动物，在后续的抗生素治疗中表现出更低的存活率，表明抗生素的体内有效性受到削弱。
实用类文本和文学类文本_阅读思维不一样_朱昌元
《浙江省普通高考考试说明》（以下简称《考试说明》）把语文卷的“现代文阅读”部分分为“文学类文本阅读”和“实用类、论述类文本阅读”（以下简称“实用类文本阅读”）。
为什么这样分类？它的依据是什么？文学类文本和实用类文本在文体、写作目的、表达方式上有何区别？认真思考这些问题，对我们提高答题的针对性和正确率都是有帮助的。
金华市教育局教研室朱昌元一、实用类文本和文学类文本分别包括哪些体裁追溯到新课程改革前的2008年，《考试说明》对“现代文阅读”所包含的文体分类表述为“社会科学、自然科学类文章和文学作品”，2009年以后才转变为“实用类文本”和“文学类文本”的表达。
“实用类”和“文学类”既然是“类”，说明都是“集合体”，它们都还可以往下细分。
实用类文本可以分为科普论文（包括实验报告）、文艺论文、政论、通讯、访谈等，其中科普论文和文艺论文经过适当处理后进入高考试卷的概率比较大。
浙江卷近些年比较偏好文艺论文，比如2007年谈论的是琵琶及其音乐，2009年关注的是大学通识教育，2010年则涉及中国园林艺术；只有2008年考查的生物多样性问题兼融文理，有意弥合“自然科学”和“社会科学”的分野。
文学类文本可细分为散文、小说、戏剧和诗歌。
由于新课程改革增加了《外国小说欣赏》模块，因此还可以将小说细分为中国小说和外国小说。
浙江省高考对文学类文本的考查基本是小说、散文交替进行的。
2008年和2009年连续两年考的都是外国小说，选了俄国作家阿·马·高尔基的《乌米》和英国作家大卫·洛契弗特的《魔盒》，2010年转而考查中国当代散文《静流》。
二、实用类文本和文学类文本的不同写作目的体裁是外在的表现形式，说到底实用类文本和文学类文本的本质区别在于文章的写作目的，《考试说明》如此区分也是从这个角度出发的。
实用类文本为的是阐释事理、传递信息、表达观点，给人“知”，启人“思”，因此多运用抽象思维和各种概念进行分析、判断和推理。
2012普通高校招生统一考试文综卷浙江卷
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科综合能力测试本试试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
全卷共12页，选择题部分1至7页，非选择题部分8至12页。
满分300分，考试时间150分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分（共140分）注意事项：1.答题前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
选择题部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
2011年11月28日至12月9日，联合国气候变化大会在南非东部海滨城市德班召开，大会重点关注了二氧化碳排放。
完成1-2题。
1.2009年我国政府提出，到2020年单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%~45%。
下列措施中有助于实现该目标的有①推广太阳能、核能②降低非化石能源占一次性能源消费的比重③增加森林面积④提高单位GDP能耗A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④2.根据下表分析，德班的气候类型是A.热带雨林气候B.热带草原气候C.热带季风气候D.地中海气候专家认为，欣赏旅游景观，尤其需要的是提升感受力和理解力。
完成3~4题。
“马穿山径菊初黄，信马悠悠野兴长。
万壑有声含晚籁，数峰无语立斜阳。
棠梨叶落胭脂色，荞麦花开白雪香。
何事吟余忽惆怅，村桥原树似吾乡。
”这是宋朝诗人王禹偁谪居陕西时，描述山村风景的《村行》。
3.下面是四位同学对《村行》的评论，哪些同学的说法是正确的？甲：“马穿山径菊初黄”中的“菊初黄”同时包含了由视觉、听觉感受到的景象；乙：“万壑有声含晚籁”中“万壑”指的是遍布的黄土沟壑；丙：“荞麦花开白雪香”指的是由视觉、嗅觉感受到的春天景象；丁：“村桥原树似吾乡”是由视觉看到的景物，并引发的移情想象欣赏。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试浙江卷
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）理科综合测试（物理）一．单项选择部分(每题6分)14．如图所示，与水平面夹角为30°的固定斜面上有一质量m=1.0 kg的物体。
细绳的一端与物体相连，另一端经摩擦不计的定滑轮与固定的弹簧秤相连．物体静止在斜面上，弹簧秤的示数为4.9 N．关于物体受力的判断(取g=9.8 m/s2)，下列说法正确的是()A．斜面对物体的摩擦力大小为零B．斜面对物体的摩擦力大小为4.9 N，方向竖直向上C．斜面对物体的支持力大小为4.9 3 N，方向竖直向上D．斜面对物体的支持力大小为4.9 N，方向垂直斜面向上【答案】A15．如图所示，在火星与木星轨道之间有一小行星带．假设该带中的小行星只受到太阳的引力，并绕太阳做匀速圆周运动。
下列说法正确的是()A．太阳对各小行星的引力相同B．各小行星绕太阳运动的周期均小于一年C．小行星带内侧小行星的向心加速度值大于外侧小行星的向心加速度值D．小行星带内各小行星圆周运动的线速度值大于地球公转的线速度值【答案】C16．用手握住较长软绳的一端连续上下抖动，形成一列简谐横波。
某一时刻的波形如图所示，绳上a、b 两质点均处于波峰位置。
下列说法正确的是()A．a、b两点之间的距离为半个波长B．a、b两点振动开始时刻相差半个周期C．b点完成全振动次数比a点多一次D．b点完成全振动次数比a点少一次【答案】D17．功率为10 W的发光二极管(LED灯)的亮度与功率为60 W的白炽灯相当。
根据国家节能战略，2016年前普通白炽灯应被淘汰。
假设每户家庭有2只60 W的白炽灯，均用10 W的LED灯替代，估算出全国一年节省的电能最接近()A．8×108 kW·h B．8×1010 kW·hC．8×1011 kW·h D．8×1013 kW·h【答案】B18．由光滑细管组成的轨道如图所示，其中AB段和BC段是半径为R的四分之一圆弧，轨道固定在竖直平面内。
2012年高考语文试题及答案(浙江卷)
绝密★启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）语 文一、语言文字运用（共24分，其中选择题每小题3分）1．下列词语中加点的字，注音全都正确的一项是A、昵（nì）称 质（zhǐ）量 衣钵（bō） 因噎（yē）废食B、刍（chú）议 熟稔（rěn） 露（lù）脸 瘙（sào）痒难忍C、奇葩（pā） 笑靥（yǎn） 当（dàng）真 物阜（fù）民丰D、绮（qǐ）丽 木讷（nè） 顷（qǐng）刻 入不敷（fū）出2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是A．散文是倍受读者青睐的文体，古今中外的散文家凭借生花妙笔，写下了无数文采斐然、脍炙人口的名篇。
B．上课铃声过后，他才慌慌张张地冲进教室，“报告”声刚落，同学们轰堂大笑，原来他衣服的纽扣错位了。
C．毋庸讳言，得过且过、敷衍塞责的教师确实存在，但像“最美女教师”张丽莉那样爱生如子、恪尽职守的人，才是教师队伍中的主流。
D．作为领导干部，面对群众时需要很强的亲和力，只有贴近群众，和颜悦色而不是急言厉色，才能真正听到群众的心声。
3．下列各句中，加点的词语运用正确的一项是A．在今年全国“两会”上，温总理对于一些地方房价还没有回到合理价位，调控不能放松的表态，让市场对楼市调控政策放松的预期落了空。
B．要解决愈演愈烈的医患矛盾，既需要运用法律武器制止违法行为，更需要从根本上釜底抽薪，进一步推进医药卫生体制改革。
C．中国古典诗歌所用的许多物象，本是无情无知的，但经过历代诗人反复继承、运用和发展，积淀了丰厚的象征意蕴，成为传统的审美意象。
D．毒胶囊事件是继三聚氰胺事件后又一起惊世骇俗的丑闻，它再次给有关部门敲响了警钟：药品安全大如天，万万不可掉以轻心。
．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是A．加强和改进艺术评论工作，引领艺术创作和群众艺术鉴赏水平，纠正不良创作倾向，是艺术评论家必须承担的职责。
B．《深化普通高中课程改革方案》要求推进普通高中多样化和特色化发展，为每个学生提供适合的教育，以满足不同潜质学生的发展。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(浙江卷)word版(含答案)
2012年浙江高考英语试题选择题部分（共80分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0．5分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. ----- Is there anything else to discuss?------ _________, I guess.A. Not at allB. No ,that's allC. Yes , I 'm sureD. Yes , of course2. The development of industry has been _______ gradual process throughout ______human existence from stone tools to modern technology.A．不填；the B．the；a C．a；不填D．a；a3．No matter how bright a talker you are , there are times when it 's better ______ silent. A．remain B, be remaining C, having remained D, to remain4. I made a promise to myself _______ this year, my first year in high school , would be different. A, whether B, what C, that D, how5. Studying Wendy's menu , I found that many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald's . A, those B, ones C, any D, all6. _______ all the animals I 've ever had ,those two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word..A. FromB. OfC. ForD. With7. Your _______ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A, opinion B, growth C, performance D, character8. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regualrly or ______ his job. A, quits B, to quit C, quitting D, quit9. We live in an age ________ more information is available with great ease than ever before. A, why B, when C, to whom D, on which10. The research lacks ________ evidence ,and therefore , its conclusions are doubtful.A, solid B, fierce C, severe D, potential11. " It's such a nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.A, to be reserved B, having reserved C, reserving D, reserved12. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to ___ from the age of 27 after reaching thehighest level at 22.A, differ B, shrink C, fail D, decline13. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but ______ that plan after the unpleasantexperience in Canada in 2010.A, had abandoned B, abandoned C, abandon D, will abandon14. Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _______ he was glad to be able make himself clearly understood.A, all in all B, for one thing C, on the contrary D, by the way15. Armed with the information you have gathered , you can ________ preparing your business plan. A, set out B, set about C, set off D, set up16. ----- Alvin , are you coming with us?------ I'd love to , but something unexpected __________.A, has come up B, was coming up C, had come up D, would come up17. Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, _______, for some reason , had withdrawn from all human society. A, which B, who C, where D, whom18. Mike was usually so careful, ________this time he made a small mistake.A, yet B, still C, even D, thus19. Had they known what was coming next, they ________ second thoughts.A, may have B, could have C, must have had D, might have had20. ----- I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days .------ ________, I wish I could get away for a while.A. It doesn't matterB. Forget it.C. I really envy youD. I can't agree more第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第21—40 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
2012年高考文综浙江卷及答案
绝密★启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）文科综合能力测试本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
全卷共12页，选择题部分1至7页，非选择题部分8至12页。
满分300分，考试时间150分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分（共140分）注意事项：1. 答题前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
选择题部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
2011年11月28日至12月9日，联合国气候变化大会在南非东部海滨城市德班召开，大会重点关注了二氧化碳排放。
完成1，2题。
1. 2009年我国政府提出，到2020年单位GDP 二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%～45%。
下列措施中有助于实现该目标的有（ ）①推广太阳能、核能 ②降低非化石能源占一次性能源消费的比重 ③增加森林面积④提高单位GDP 能耗 A. ①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ②④ 2. 据下表分析，德班的气候类型是（ ）第2题表 德班气候资料（测站：29º50′S ，31º2′E 海拔5m ）A. 热带雨林气候B. 热带草原气候C. 热带季风气候D. 地中海气候专家认为，欣赏旅游景观，尤其需要的是提升感受力和理解力。
完成3，4题。
“马穿山径菊初黄，信马悠悠野兴长。
万壑有声含晚籁，数峰无语立斜阳。
棠梨叶落胭脂色，荞麦花开白雪香。
何事吟余忽惆怅，村桥原树似吾乡。
”这是宋朝诗人王禹偁谪居陕西时，描述山村风景的《村行》。
3. 下面四位同学对《村行》的评论，哪些同学的说法是正确的？（ ）甲：“马穿山径菊初黄”中的“菊初黄”同时包含了由视觉、听觉感受到的景象；乙：“万壑有声含晚籁”中的“万壑”指的是遍布的黄土沟壑； 丙：“荞麦花开白雪香”指的由视觉、嗅觉感受到的春天景象； 丁：“村桥原树似吾乡”是由视觉看到的景物，并引发的移情想象欣赏。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理综(浙江卷)word版(含答案)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)理科综合选择题部分(必做,共87分)一、选择题(本题共17小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.(2012·浙江理综,1)人体肝细胞内CO2分压和K+浓度高于细胞外,而O2分压和Na+浓度低于细胞外,上述四种物质中通过主动转运进入该细胞的是( )。
A.CO2B.O2C.K+D.Na+C 氧气、二氧化碳等气体小分子进出细胞的方式是自由扩散,A、B项错误。
细胞内的钾离子高于细胞外是逆浓度主动吸收,C项正确。
钠离子膜外高于膜内,进入细胞时是通过离子泵顺浓度梯度进行的,因此是被动运输,D项错误。
2.(2012·浙江理综,2)下列关于高等哺乳动物受精与胚胎发育的叙述,正确的是( )。
A.绝大多数精卵细胞的识别具有物种特异性B.卵裂球细胞的体积随分裂次数增加而不断增大C.囊胚的滋养层细胞具有发育全能性D.原肠胚发育分化形成内外两个胚层A 异种精子不能与卵细胞融合,因为精卵细胞表面有特异性相互识别的蛋白,A项正确。
卵裂球几乎不生长即迅速地进行下次分裂,卵裂球细胞的体积越来越小,B项错误。
滋养层将来发育成胎膜和胎盘,起营养辅助的功能,没有全能性,C项错误。
原肠胚发育分化形成外胚层、中胚层和内胚层三个胚层,D项错误。
3.(2012·浙江理综,3)不同浓度的生长素影响某植物乙烯生成和成熟叶片脱落的实验结果如图所示。
下列有关叙述正确的是( )。
1A.乙烯浓度越高脱落率越高B.脱落率随生长素和乙烯浓度增加而不断提高C.生长素和乙烯对叶片脱落的作用是相互对抗的D.生产上可喷施较高浓度生长素类似物降低脱落率D 据图分析在一定范围内随乙烯和生长素浓度的逐渐增大脱落率先上升,但超过一定浓度后脱落率又逐渐降低,A、B、C三项错误,D项正确。
4.(2012·浙江理综,4)下列关于神经肌肉(肌肉指骨骼肌)接点及其相关结构和功能的叙述,正确的是( )。
2012年高考真题——数学文(浙江卷)word版有答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学浙江卷（文科）本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
全卷共4页，选择题部分1至3页，非选择题部分3至4页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分（共50分）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
参考公式球体的面积公式S=4πR 2球的体积公式 V=43πR 3其中R 表示球的半径锥体的体积公式V=13Sh 其中S 表示锥体的底面积，h 表示锥体的高柱体体积公式V=Sh其中S 表示柱体的底面积，h 表示柱体的高台体的体积公式V=121()3h S S +其中S 1，S 2分别表示台体的上、下面积，h 表示台体的高如果事件A,B 互斥 ，那么P(A+B)=P(A)+P(B)一 、选择题： 本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的1 设全集U={1，2，3，4，5，6} ，设集合P={1，2，3，4} Q{3，4，5}，则P ∩（C U Q ）=A.{1，2，3，4，6}B.{1，2，3，4，5}C.{1，2，5}D.{1,2}2. 已知i 是虚数单位，则31ii +-=A 1-2iB 2-iC 2+iD 1+2i3.已知某三棱锥的三视图（单位：cm ）如图所示，则该三棱锥的体积是A.1cm3B.2cm3C.3cm3D.6cm34设a∈R ，则“a＝1”是“直线l1：ax+2y=0与直线l2 ：x+(a+1)y+4=0平行的A充分不必要条件 B 必要不充分条件 C 充分必要条件D 既不充分也不必要条件5.设l是直线，a，β是两个不同的平面A.若l∥a,l∥β，则a∥βB.若l∥a，l⊥β，则a⊥βC.若a⊥β,l⊥a,则l⊥βD.若a⊥β, l⊥a,则l⊥β6.把函数y=cos2x+1的图象上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍（纵坐标不变），然后向左平移1个单位长度，再向下平移 1个单位长度，得到的图像是7.设a，b是两个非零向量。
（完整版）2012年高考语文浙江卷-答案
（完整版）2012年高考语文浙江卷-答案2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)语文答案解析一、语言文字运用1.【答案】D【解析】A.质（zhǐ）量应为质（zhì）量；B.露（lù）脸应为露（lòu）脸；C.笑靥（yǎn）应为笑靥（yè）。
2.【答案】C【解析】A.倍受应为备受；B.轰堂大笑应为哄堂大笑；D.急言厉色应为疾言厉色。
3.【答案】C【解析】A“对于”应改为“对”，表示人与人之间或人与事物之间的对待关系时，只能用“对”，不能用“对于”。
B釜底抽薪，比喻从根本上解决问题，和前面的“从根本上”语义重复，应删去“从根本上”；D惊世骇俗，常指人因言行异于寻常而使一般人感到震惊,不用于事情。
4.【答案】D【解析】A缺少动词，应在群众前加“提高”；B缺少宾语，应在句末加“需要”；C句式杂糅，应将“选配了”改为“选配的”。
5.【答案】食品添加剂是为了改善食品品质和色、香、味以及为防腐和加工工艺的需要而有意加入食品中的化学合成物质或天然物质。
【解析】首先要分析各个句子，确定一个句子当主干，然后将其他小短句通过增删等方法变换成定语或者状语，之后修改使之通顺并符合题目要求即可。
【考点】短句变长句。
6.【答案】昨夜，疾风骤雨丝毫也不曾理会生命的感受；今晨，银杏树的叶子只得华丽转身，扑簌簌凋零的片片绿叶仿佛瞬间蜕变，如同云霞般金黄、耀眼。
【解析】本题考查了词语的扩充。
【考点】良好的联想和想象能力。
7.【答案】（1）调查显示，多数学生与父母存在代沟。
（或“调查显示，学习成了多数学生与父母沟通的唯一话题。
”（2）学生以学业为主，父母关心成绩没错；但我们的成长路上不仅只有学习成绩，强健身体、培养兴趣、磨砺意志、塑造品格等都应该成为交流的话题。
【解析】其中第一小题应注意材料数据的变换，第二小题是从自我的角度入手，实际上和材料中的被调查者是一类群体，这就要求考生必须明确自己的身份。
历年高考真题分类汇编(浙江2012-2018)：实用类文本阅读 无答案
历年高考真题分类汇编（浙江2012-2018）实用类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成以下3题。
材料一：我很高兴发现一群和我一样喜欢自然的孩子，但聊着聊着就发现他们中有一半人最喜欢的是在自然里骑车。
有个男孩说：“我和爸爸在沙漠里骑车，基本上都不走大路。
我爸爸和越野车们赛车。
他说就算走大路去沙漠也很好玩，因为还是可以看到动物，而且和汽车比赛很有趣。
”还有个男孩说：“我们每年8月都去犹他州，我妈妈的朋友有3辆全地形车。
我们骑着好玩，但最主要是晚上看鹿啊臭鼬啊之类的动物。
你要是把鱼的内脏丢在外面，晚上出去就能看到5头黑熊。
太好玩了！”第三个男孩说：“我们每周末都去沙漠，他们那儿有比赛。
有个小山没人去，因为上面都是石头，所以我们把它改造了一下，上山后可以跳下去，我们在那儿看到蛇洞和蛇了。
热的时候我们就出去找蜥蜴。
”还有一个女孩天真地补充说：“我爸爸有辆四轮驱动的卡车，我们去沙漠，不去自然之类的地方。
”（摘编自理查德·洛夫著，郝冰等译《林间最后的小孩——拯救自然缺失症儿童》）【注】其他，指机构一类的特殊群体，如政府机构等。
自然教育，指以有吸引力的方式，让人们在自然中体验、学习关于自然的知识，建立与自然的联结，树立生态的世界观。
材料三：去爱非人类的生物，其实并不太困难，只要多了解它们就不难办到。
这种能力，甚至是这种倾向，可能都是人类的本能之一。
这种现象被称为“亲生命性”，是一种与生俱来、特别关注生命以及类似的生命形式的倾向，有时甚至会想与它们进行情感交流。
人类能够很敏锐地分辨出生命与无生命。
我们认为其他生物是新奇、多样的。
未知的生物，不论生活在深海、原始林，还是遥远的深山中，都会令我们觉得兴奋。
其他星球上可能有生物的想法，也总是吸引着我们。
恐龙更是人们心目中生物多样性消失的象征。
在美国，参观动物园的人数要超过职业运动比赛的观众数。
而在华盛顿的国家动物园，最受欢迎的是昆虫馆，因为这儿展示的物种最新奇，样式也最多。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷) .doc
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)语文试题(word版)一、语言文字运用（共24分，其中选择题每小题3分）1．下列词语中加点的字，注音全都正确的一项是A、昵．（nì）称质．（zhǐ）量衣钵．（bō）因噎．（yē）废食B、刍．（chú）议熟稔．（rěn）露．（lù）脸瘙．（sào）痒难忍C、奇葩．（pā）笑靥．（yǎn）当．（dàng）真物阜．（fù）民丰D、绮．（qǐ）丽木讷．（nè）顷．（qǐng）刻入不敷．（fū）出2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是A．散文是倍受读者青睐的文体，古今中外的散文家凭借生花妙笔，写下了无数文采斐然、脍炙人口的名篇。
B．上课铃声过后，他才慌慌张张地冲进教室，“报告”声刚落，同学们轰堂大笑，原来他衣服的纽扣错位了。
C．毋庸讳言，得过且过、敷衍塞责的教师确实存在，但像“最美女教师”张丽莉那样爱生如子、恪尽职守的人，才是教师队伍中的主流。
D．作为领导干部，面对群众时需要很强的亲和力，只有贴近群众，和颜悦色而不是急言厉色，才能真正听到群众的心声。
3．下列各句中，加点的词语运用正确的一项是A．在今年全国“两会”上，温总理对于．．一些地方房价还没有回到合理价位，调控不能放松的表态，让市场对楼市调控政策放松的预期落了空。
B．要解决愈演愈烈的医患矛盾，既需要运用法律武器制止违法行为，更需要从根本上釜底抽薪．．．．，进一步推进医药卫生体制改革。
C．中国古典诗歌所用的许多物象，本是无情无知的，但经过历代诗人反复继承、运用和发展，积淀．．了丰厚的象征意蕴，成为传统的审美意象。
D．毒胶囊事件是继三聚氰胺事件后又一起惊世骇俗．．．．的丑闻，它再次给有关部门敲响了警钟：药品安全大如天，万万不可掉以轻心。
4．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是A．加强和改进艺术评论工作，引领艺术创作和群众艺术鉴赏水平，纠正不良创作倾向，是艺术评论家必须承担的职责。
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浙江卷实用类（论述类）
阅读下面的文字，完成8—10题。
(9分)
国学是中国学问的根底。
这个根底主要表现在两个方面：一个是小学，一个是经学。
经学就是“六经”，再扩展，是十三经。
其实十三经已经推衍开了，基本的还是“六经”。
“乐经”不传，实际上是“五经”。
就是《诗经》、《书经》、《周礼》、《周易》和《春秋》。
这就是经学。
汉代一大批注释、传疏、义证，晋唐又有一批，宋明又有一批。
清代重新回过头来再注再疏。
后来的经学，不是经学的原典，而是经学史。
中国的经学在中国学术史上怎样流变，有汉宋之争，有明清之变。
研究经学史，不了解清代学术不行，因为他们把字、词、义解释得更清楚了，汉宋儒的不少错误得到了纠正。
不了解清代学者对经学的重新检讨研究，念字就会念错，发音就会不准确。
对“五经”音义的校正，是清儒的一大贡献。
宋代重视义理，也就是“六经”的义理和思想。
濂、洛、关、闽四大家，基本上都回到“六经”，重构儒家的思想体系。
重归“六经”并不是容易的事情。
他们抓住了《周易》。
所以朱子研究《易》，二程对《易》的研究极高深，张载也研究《易》。
张载讲《易》是有名的，但在程颢、程颐面前，他主动让出一席之地。
为什么清儒反宋？他们觉得宋儒讲空话。
字音都没有念清楚，空谈义理，有什么意思？清儒就指出这个字那个字以前念错了。
这样一种功夫，主要的研究对象是针对“六经”。
清儒的原话，“读书必先识字”。
你说“经”，是哪一本“经”？是古文还是今文？具体是哪一个文本？所以清儒的功夫在甄别和辨伪，目的是恢复“经”的本原。
要恢复本原，必须有小学的功夫。
小学的功夫就是文字学、训诂学、音韵学。
文字学是认字，训诂学是释词，把字词的意思解释清楚。
这还不行，还要懂音韵。
说这个字，汉代这样读，宋代那样读，清代是这样读的。
清儒把“六经”的字一个一个弄准确了。
所以要说国学，最主要的应该是经学和小学。
要懂经学，就得懂小学。
小学是工具和路径，不懂小学，通经之路就走不过去，就没有能力研究经学。
8．下列对“读书必先识字”理由的说明，最恰当的一项是（ C ）
A．朱子、二程等人在没有小学功夫的情况下研究《周易》，是空谈义理。
B．有了对经学字词义的大量注疏，才有可能去研究经学在中国学术史上的流变问题。
C．字音没有念清楚，字词意思没有解释清楚，就不能够恢复“经”的本原。
D．汉、晋唐、宋明注疏有不妥之处，汉宋儒在研究经学史的过程中也存在不少错误。
9．下列说法不符合原文意思的一项是( D )
A．国学是中国学问的根底，而作为工具和路径的小学是经学的根底。
B．宋代学者从《周易》入手重归“六经”，以“六经”的义理和思想来重构儒家的思想体系。
C．清儒有着深厚的文字学、训诂学、音韵学功底，他们对“六经”的字逐一进行了校正。
D．只有纠正了“五经”音义中的错误，才能真正了解清代学者对经学研究的贡献。
10. 结合上下文，指出作者认为“后来的经学，不是经学的原典，而是经学史”的理由。
（3分）
解析：本题需要考生联系上下文，特别是下文有明确的暗示，答案示例：经过了后人不断的注释、传疏、义证；在中国学术史上经历了流变。