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高中政治课时作业2文化与经济政治(含解析)新人教版必修3

课时分层作业二文化与经济、政治(20分钟50分)一、选择题(每小题5分,共35分)1.(2019·遵义高二检测)随着文化产业的兴起,精神文化生产日益走上社会经济生活的舞台,在思想文化和经济生活两个方面都构成国家和社会的“核心竞争力”。

这一事实说明( )A.文化在综合国力竞争中发挥越来越突出的作用B.文化产业是人类社会存在和发展的基础C.文化的力量是综合国力的唯一标志D.文化是人类创造的全部财富的总和【解析】选A。

材料强调文化形成国家和社会的“核心竞争力”,说明文化在综合国力竞争中发挥越来越突出的作用,A符合题意;物质资料的生产是人类社会存在和发展的基础,B错误;C错在“唯一”;财富包括物质财富和精神财富,D错误。

【补偿训练】(2019·青岛高二检测)习近平同志指出,实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,文艺的作用不可替代。

“文艺的作用不可替代”是因为 ( )A.文化越来越成为综合国力竞争的决定因素B.文化能够给予政治、经济以重大影响C.文化是经济社会发展的基础和决定因素D.文化对经济和政治发展起巨大的促进作用【解析】选B。

本题考查文化的作用。

经济力和科技力是综合国力的基础,是综合国力竞争的决定因素,A说法错误;实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,要重视文艺的作用,重视文化对经济、政治的反作用,B说法正确;经济是文化社会发展的基础和决定因素,C说法错误;不同性质的文化所起的作用不同,优秀的文化起促进作用,而落后的文化起阻碍作用,D说法错误。

2.山东省从深处挖掘齐鲁文化的丰富内涵,创意策划的“好客山东”文化旅游品牌叫响全国。

它以突出的地域特征、浓郁的文化底蕴、庞大的产业规模,成为山东经济转方式调结构的新亮点,推动全省旅游业跨越发展。

上述事实说明( )A.文化与经济相互交融、相互影响B.文化旅游是文化发展的重点C.创新齐鲁文化的实质是突出区域特征D.充分发挥文化在经济社会发展中的基础性作用【解析】选A。

高中政治(第3课时)《哲学的基本问题》课时训练(含解析)新人教版必修

《哲学的基本问题》课时训练A卷一、选择题1．2014年金星的亮度达到近40年以来最亮，璨若宝石赛明珠，在全黑的地方可以映照出房舍、树木、动物和人的影子。

对于这次天文现象的时间，许多天文机构及专家早有了精确的预报，与古时人们不能认识其现象与本质形成鲜明对比。

从哲学的基本问题看，这体现了( ) A．思维和存在的辩证关系问题B．思维和存在何者为第一性C．哲学是世界观和方法论的统一D．思维和存在有没有同一性2.下列表述中，能体现对哲学基本问题回答的有①举一纲而万目张，解一卷而众篇明②仓廪实而知礼节，衣食足而知荣辱③豪华尽出成功后，逸乐安知与祸双④四十年来画竹枝, 日间挥写夜间思A．①② B．①④ C．②④ D．②③3．关于人的位置感和导航问题困扰了哲学家和科学家许多年。

2014年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的得奖者对此作出了解答，他们通过研究揭示了特化细胞如何协作并执行更高的认知功能及其导航系统的工作原理。

这说明( )①思维和存在具有同一性②哲学为具体科学提供指导③思维能够正确认识存在④世界上尚有不可认识之物A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④4．爆发于非洲的埃博拉疫情以其蔓延速度快、死亡率高震惊了世界，世界卫生组织也集中力量加快对此疫情的研究。

经过不懈努力，科学家终于发现了对抗埃博拉病毒的抗体。

上述材料说明( )①思维和存在具有同一性②存在的变化决定思维的变化③思维对存在具有反作用④这个世界没有不可认识之物A．①② B．②④ C．①④ D．②③当地农民群众的生产、生活习惯的基础上选择富有地方特色的发展之路。

这说明( ) A．存在决定着思维B．思维影响着存在C．思维与存在不能分离D．思维与存在同为本原6．思维与存在的关系问题是哲学的基本问题。

这一基本问题的内容包括两个方面，即( )①思维和存在何者为第一性的问题②物质世界是否发展与变化的问题③物质世界能否为人们所认识的问题④世界的本原是一个还是多个的问题A．①③ B．②④ C．①② D．②③7．民谚“南人不梦驼，北人不梦象”说明了( )A．存在决定着思维B．思维反作用于存在C．思维决定存在的变化D．思维是存在的正确反映8．《管子》一书指出“水者，何也？万物之本原也”。

数列基础同步课时训练-高二下学期数学人教B版(2019)选择性必修第三册

数列基础——高二数学人教B 版2019选择性必修第三册同步课时训练1.下列结论中，正确的是( )A.数列可以看作是一个定义在正整数集（或它的有限子集）上的函数B.数列的项数一定是无限的C.数列的通项公式的形式是唯一的D.数列1，3，2，6，3，9，4，12，5，15，…不存在通项公式 2.有下列说法：①数列1，3，5，7可表示为{}1,3,5,7；②数列1，3，5，7与数列7，5，3，1是同一数列； ③数列1，3，5，7与数列1，3，5，7，…是同一数列； ④1，1，1，…不能构成一个数列. 其中说法正确的有( ) A.0个B.1个C.2个D.3个3.已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为2n a n n =-，则下列各数中不是数列中的项的是( ) A.2B.40C.56D.904.下列有关数列的说法正确的是( ) A.同一数列的任意两项均不可能相同B.数列-1，0，1与数列1，0，-1是同一个数列C.数列1，3，5，7可表示为{}1,3,5,7D.数列中的每一项都与它的序号有关5.大衍数列来源于《乾坤谱》中对易传“大衍之数五十”的推论，主要用于解释中国传统文化中的太极衍生原理.数列中的每一项，都代表太极衍生过程中，曾经经历过的两仪数量总和.大衍数列是中华传统文化中隐藏着的世界数学史上第一道数列题，该数列从第一项起依次是0，2，4，8，12，18，24.32，40，50，…，则该数列的第18项为( ) A.200B.162C.144D.1286.已知数列{}n a 是一个递增数列，满足*n a ∈N ，21na a n =+，*n ∈N ，则4a =( ) A.4B.6C.7D.87.已知数列{}n a 满足：()()*633,7,,7n n a n n a n a n -⎧--≤=∈⎨>⎩N ，且数列{}n a 是递增数列，则实数a 的取值范围是( )A.9,34⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭ B.9,34⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭C.()1,3D.()2,38. （多选）下列叙述不正确的是( ) A.1,3,5,7与7,5,3,1是相同的数列 B.1,3,1,3,…是常数列 C.数列0,1,2,3,…的通项公式为n a n =D.数列{}21n +是递增数列9. （多选）已知数列1，0，1，0，1，0，…，则这个数列的通项公式可能是( ).A.1(1)2nn a +-=B.11(1)2n n a ++-=C.()sin 90n a n =⋅︒D.(1)πcos2n n a -= 10. （多选）已知数列{}n a 中，11a =，21a =，()*123,n n n a a a n n --=+≥∈N ，则下列说法正确的是( ) A.3645a a a a +=+B.223n n n a a a -++=C.135********a a a a a ++++=D.24620202021a a a a a ++++=11.已知数列{}n a 满足123231111212222n na a a a n ++++=+，则数列{}n a 的通项公式n a =______________.12.数列{}n a 满足2(1)31n n n a a n ++-=-，前16项和为540，则1a =_________. 13.已知数列{}n a 满足115a =，()*12n n a a n n +-=∈N ，则na n的最小值为______________.14.已知数列276n a n n =-+. （1）这个数列的第4项是多少?（2）150是不是这个数列的项？若是，求出它是第几项；若不是，请说明理由；（3）该数列从第几项开始各项都是正数？15.已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为254n a n n =-+.当n 为何值时，n a 有最小值？并求出其最小值.答案以及解析1.答案：A解析：A 显然正确；有穷数列的项数是有限的，故B 错误；数列的通项公式的形式不一定是唯一的，故C 错误；数列1，3，2，6，3，9，4，12，5，15，…存在通项公式1, ,23, ,2n n n a n n +⎧⎪⎪=⎨⎪⎪⎩为奇数为偶数故D 错误.2.答案：A解析：①说法错误，构成数列的数是有顺序的，而集合中的元素是无序的；②说法错误，两数列的数排列顺序不相同，不是相同的数列；③说法错误，数列1，3，5，7是有穷数列，而数列1，3，5，7，…是无穷数列；④说法错误，由数列的定义，可知1，1，1，…能构成一个常数列. 3.答案：B解析：数列{}n a 的通项公式为2(1)n a n n n n =-=-，所给选项中，只有40不是相邻两个自然数的乘积，故选B. 4.答案：D解析：A 是错误的，例如无穷个3构成的常数列3，3，3，…的各项都是3；B 是错误的，数列-1，0，1与数列1，0，-1中项的顺序不同，即表示不同的数列；C 是错误的，{}1,3,5,7是一个集合；D 是正确的. 5.答案：B解析：偶数项分别为2,8,18,32,50,，即21,24,29,216,225,,⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯记为{},n a 则偶数项对应的一个通项公式为n a 22n =，原数列的第18项为第9个偶数，故2929281162a =⨯=⨯=，即原数列的第18项为162. 6.答案：B解析：当1n =时，12113a a =⨯+=.因为{}n a 是递增数列且*n a ∈N ，所以11a =或12a =或13a =. 当11a =时，代入21na a n =+，得113a a a ==，矛盾，舍去.当12a =时，代入21na a n =+，得123a a a ==，所以232215a a a ==⨯+=，352317a a a ==⨯+=，即12a =，23a =，35a =，57a =.又{}n a 是一个递增数列，且*n a ∈N ，所以46a =.当13a =时，代入21na a n =+，得133a a a ==，不满足数列{}n a 是一个递增数列，舍去. 7.答案：D解析：根据题意，()()*633,7,,7n n a n n a n a n -⎧--≤=∈⎨>⎩N ，要使{}n a 是递增数列，必有()8630,1,373,a a a a -->⎧⎪>⎨⎪-⨯-<⎩即3,1,2 9,a a a a <⎧⎪>⎨⎪><-⎩或可得23a <<.故选D. 8.答案：ABC解析：对于A,数列1,3,5,7与7,5,3,1不是相同的数列,故A 错误；对于B,数列1,3,1,3,…是摆动数列,故B 错误；对于C,数列0,1,2,3,…的通项公式为1n a n =-,故C 错误；对于D,数列{}21n +是递增数列,故D 正确.故选ABC. 9.答案：BC解析：对于A ，1(1)2nn a +-=，取前六项得0，1，0，1，0，1，不满足条件；对于B ，11(1)2n n a ++-=，取前六项得1，0，1，0，1，0，满足条件；对于C ，|sin(90)|n a n =︒⋅，取前六项得1，0，1，0，1，0，满足条件；对于D ，(1)πcos 2n n a -=，取前三项得1，0，-1，不满足条件.故选BC. 10.答案：BC解析：对于选项A ，由11a =，21a =，()*123,n n n a a a n n --=+≥∈N 可得32a =，43a =，55a =，68a =，则3645a a a a +≠+，选项A 错误；对于选项B ，2221213n n n n n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a -+-+--+=++=+++=，选项B 正确；对于选项C ，由题可知，1352021a a a a ++++=()()()24264202220202022a a a a a a a a +-+-++-=，选项C 正确；对于选项D ，2462020a a a a ++++=()()()()3153752021201920211a a a a a a a a a -+-+-++-=-，选项D错误.故选BC. 11.答案：16,12,2n n n +=⎧⎨≥⎩解析：在数列{}n a 中，123231111212222n n a a a a n ++++=+①，∴当2n ≥时，12312311111212222n n a a a a n --++++=-②，①-②得()1222nn a n =≥，()122n n a n +∴=≥.当1n =时，由1132a =，可得16a =，16a =不满足12n n a +=，∴数列{}n a 的通项公式16,12,2n n n a n +=⎧=⎨≥⎩. 12.答案：7解析：当n 为偶数时，()()()()246810121416517294192.a a a a a a a a +++++++=+++=因为前16项和为540，所以13579111315448a a a a a a a a +++++++=. 当n 为奇数时，231n n a a n +-=-，由累加法得2211313(135)244n n a a n n n ++-=++++-=++,所以2213144n a n n a +=+++.所以2211313111334444a a ⎛⎫⎛+⨯++++⨯+++⎪ ⎝⎭⎝)(2221113131313813444a a a ⎛⎫++⨯+++=+⨯+++ ⎪⎝⎭)2113(1313)74484+++++⨯=，解得17a =. 13.答案：274解析：因为12n n a a n +-=，所以2111221n n n n n a a a a a a a a n n ----=-+-++-=-.又115a =，所以215n a n n =-+，则151n a n n n=+-.由对勾函数的单调性可知，当4n =时，n a n 取得最小值，最小值为274. 14.答案：（1）当4n =时，2444766a =-⨯+=-.（2）令150n a =，即276150n n -+=，解得16n =或9n =-（舍去），即150是这个数列的第16项.（3）令2760n a n n =-+>，解得6n >或1n <. 又*n ∈N ，故从第7项开始各项都是正数.15.答案：因为225954,24n a n n n n +⎛⎫=-+=--∈ ⎪⎝⎭N ，所以当2n =或3n =时，n a 有最小值，其最小值为22325242a a ==-⨯+=-.。

人教版高二政治必修3课节训练3.6.2《博大精深的中华文化》

第2课时博大精深的中华文化一、独树一帜，独领风骚1．中华文化的内容极为丰富，既包括教育、______、哲学、______方面的内容，也包括____________、____________方面的内容。

2．中华文化中的文学艺术(1)文学艺术对于反映人们的精神生活、展示人们的精神世界有______的作用。

(2)中华文化中的文学艺术具有____________的历史、____________的内涵、____________的风格，在世界文学艺术宝库中占有重要位置。

3．中国古代的科学技术(1)中国古代科学技术注重____________，具有__________和__________的特点。

(2)都是中国人民勤劳、智慧和艰苦奋斗精神的结晶，是中华民族__________、__________的生动体现。

***文学艺术和科学技术共同体现中华文化的独特性，说明中华文化博大精深。

***二、一方水土，一方文化1．我国幅员辽阔，各地自然条件千差万别，经济社会发展程度不同，各地区的文化带有明显的______特征。

2．不同区域的文化长期相互交流、借鉴、吸收，既渐趋______，又保持着各自的______。

***各地区文化的区域特征是文化多样性的表现形式之一。

***三、中华之瑰宝，民族之骄傲1．各具特色的民族文化异彩纷呈，都为中华文化的形成和发展作出了重要贡献。

在长期的历史发展中，各兄弟民族的文化相互______、相互______，共同熔铸了灿烂的中华文化。

2．中华各民族的文化，既有中华文化的______，又有各自的__________，它们都是中华文化宝库中的瑰宝，都是中华民族的骄傲。

3．中华文化的作用(1)各族人民对共同拥有的中华文化的强烈______感和______感，显示了中华民族厚重的______________和强大的______________。

(2)中华文化的力量深深地熔铸在民族的__________、__________和__________之中，是激励中国人民克服艰难险阻、战胜内忧外患、创造幸福生活的强大____________，也是激励每一个中华儿女共同创造祖国美好明天的不竭____________。

人教A版必修第一册 3-2-2 第2课时函数奇偶性的应用(习题课) 课件(25张)

则f(-x)+g(-x)=(-x)2+(-x)-2=x2-x-2,
又f(x)为偶函数,g(x)为奇函数,
所以f(x)-g(x)=x2-x-2,②
联立①②可得f(x)=x2-2,g(x)=x.
[例3] 偶函数f(x)的定义域为R,当x∈(-∞,0)时,f(x)单调递增,则f(-π),
f(2),f(3)的大小关系是(
)
A.f(-π)>f(2)>f(3)
B.f(-π)>f(3)>f(2)
C.f(-π)<f(2)<f(3)
D.f(-π)<f(3)<f(2)
解析:因为f(x)是定义域为R的偶函数,当x∈(-∞,0)时,f(x)单调递增,
解析:(2)定义在R上的奇函数f(x)在区间(-∞,0)上单调递增,且f(3)=0,
则f(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递增,
且f(-3)=-f(3)=0,
由f(x)>0得,-3<x<0或x>3.故选C.
当堂检测
1.偶函数y=f(x)在区间[0,4]上单调递减,则有(
A
A.f(-1)>f(2)>f(-3)
所以函数的图象关于原点对称,且关于 x=1 对称,
( )-( )
当 x1,x2∈[0,1],且 x1≠x2 时,
f(-2)=0,
其大致图象如图所示,
-
>0,即函数在[0,1]上单调递增,f(2)=f(0)=
< ≤ , - ≤ < ,
则当-3≤x≤1 时,不等式 xf(x)>0 可转化为
意分类讨论.

针对训练 4:(1)设 f(x)是定义在(-1,1)上的偶函数,且 f(x)在[0,1)上单调递减,f(- )=1,

人教版高中英语必修三课时训练：Unit 3测试题 (含答案)

单元检测卷：Unit 3阅读理解ABefore you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kinds of things they do.The quickest way to make a friend is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile, but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking face.One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who’s their favorite singer, where do they live, what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to add to the conversation, too. When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer.Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember, everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.1. This passage gives us some advice on_______.A．the importance of smile B．what kind of person you can make friends with C．how to start a conversation D．how to make friends2. Most people like to make friends with those________.A．who share the same interest B．who are sad every dayC．who are fond of talking D．who say bad things to them3. From the passage, if a kid wants to make good friends ,he should _______.A. smile to othersB. show an interest in othersC. be kind and friendly.D. All the aboveBI think people everywhere dream about having lots of money. I know I do. I would like to earn large amounts of money. You can win a large amount of money in the United States through lotteries（彩票）. People pay money for tickets with numbers. If your combination of numbers is chosen, you will win a huge amount of money—often in the millions.A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery. It changed his life. He was not “born with a silver spoon in his mouth”. Instead, my friend was always short of money. And the money he did earn was chicken feed.Sometimes Al even had to accept handouts(施舍物) from his friends. But do not get me wrong. My friend was always very careful with the money he spent. In fact, he was often a cheapskate. He did not like to spend money. The worst times were when he had no single penny left.One day, Al scraped together a few dollars for a lottery ticket. He thought he would never gain lots of money unexpectedly. But his combination of numbers was chosen and he won thelottery. Al was so excited. The first thing he did was buy a costly new car—one thing that he normally would not buy. Then he started spending money on unnecessary things. It was like he had “money to burn”．When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time. He would always tell me the money made him feel like a millionaire. But, Al spent too much money. Soon he was “down and out”again. He had spent his “bottom dollar”—his very last amount. He did not even save any of the money.I admit I do feel sorry for my friend. He had enough money to “live like a king”. Instead, he was back to “living on a shoestring”—a very low budget. Some might say he was wise about small things, but not about important things.4．What does the author desire to do like others?A．To combine the numbers perfectly. B．To make a huge fortune.C．To be chosen for selling lotteries. D．To get in touch with millionaires.5．Before Al won the lottery ________.A．he spent too much money buying chicken B．he didn't value the money he had earned C．he had trouble feeding his family D．he hated to give a hand to his friends 6．What does the fourth paragraph imply?A．Al always had good luck in life. B．Al valued his money above his life.C．Al had loved the expensive car probably. D．Al pretended to have more money. 7．When a person is “down and out”，________.A．he is as poor as a church mouse B．he lives a life like other peopleC．he has set aside all his money D．he is looking forward to big successCWhen you’re returning to Australia, be careful that you don’t bring in pests and diseases. Some items you might bring back from overseas can be pests and diseases that Australia doesn’t have. When you return, declare(申报)all food, meat, fruits, plants, seeds, wooden souvenirs, animal or plant materials.Australia has strict quarantine(检疫)laws and tough on-the-spot fines. Every piece of luggage is now screened or X-rayed. If you fail to declare any quarantine items, or if you make a false declaration, you will get caught. In addition to on-the-spot fines, you could be accused and fined more than $60, 000 and you may risk 10 years in prison. All international mail is also screened.Some products may require treatment to make them safe. Items that are restricted because of the risk of pests and diseases will be seized and destroyed by the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service(AQIS).In many cases, the goods you declare will be returned to you after inspection. However, any item that presents a quarantine risk will be withheld(扣留). You will be given a range of options （选项）for each item depending on the quarantine risk: ··Treating the item to make it safe*;·Holding the item until an import permit is presented*; ··Re-exporting the item*；··Destroying the item.Those treatments with the sign “*”are subject to fees（付费）.Further information:For more detailed information about bringing in food, animals, plants, animal or plant materials, call the AQIS at 1800-020-504.8. Which of the following don’t you need to declare when returning to Australia?A. Tea.B. Wooden combs.C. Some bread.D. A pair of glasses.9. If you make a false declaration, you would _______ .A. be fined a lot of moneyB. be forbidden to return to AustraliaC. have to declare your items againD. make yourself screened10. Where can we most probably find this passage?A. In an advertisement.B. In a traveling guidebook.C. At the police station.D. In a hospital.11. We can learn from the passage that _______ .A. you can keep the item before an import permit is presentedB. all products must be treated according to the AQISC. not all treatments for your declared items are freeD. travelers can sell their declared itemsDMark Twain,the famous American writer, liked to play jokes on others. Butonce a joke was played on him.One day Mark Twain was invited(被邀请)to give a talk in a small town. Atlunch he met a young man,one of his friends.The young man said that he has an uncle with him. He told Twain that hisuncle never laughed or smiled,and that nobody and nothing was able to make hisuncle smile or laugh."You bring your uncle to my talk tonight,"said Mark Twain."I'm sure I canmake him laugh"That evening the young man and his uncle sat in the front. Mark Twain beganto speak. He told several funny stories. This made everyone in the room laugh.But the man never even smiled. Mark Twain told more funny stories,but theold man still kept quiet. Mark Twain told his funny stories. Finally he stopped.He was tired and quite disappointed(失望的)．Some days later, Mark Twain told another friend of his about what hadhappened."Oh,"said his friend."I know that old man. He's been deaf(聋)for years."1. Mark Twain liked to play jokes on_____.A. himselfB. othersC. old menD. Americans2. One day Mark Twain met_____at lunch.A. a friendB. a young man's uncleC. a young girlD. a deaf3. The young man told Mark Twain that his uncle never_____.A. spokeB. talkedC. laughedD. ate4. The young man and his uncle sat _____that evening.A. at homeB. near the doorC. at the backD. in the front5. Mark Twain stopped telling stories at last because he was_____.A. thirstyB. tiredC. angryD. sleepy七选五Does failure really exist?If you believe you have failed, then you have. If you believe you don’t have the ability to succeed, then you don’t. 16 The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals, failure is born.17Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it. They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals, but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down. Don’t do that! 18 Never quit, never admit failure, and never lose heart.Don’t believe in a clear finish line for goals.It’s a good idea to set a general timeline (时间表), but remember that something will be beyond your control. 19 If you lock yourself into a given timeline, you might make yourself feel like a failure! Instead, get a general idea of when you’d like your goal to be completed. Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible.Be sure that you don’t see difficulties as failures.Difficulties mean only one thing: it’s not time for your goal to be completed yet. That’s it! It doesn’t mean you failed; it doesn’t mean you’re weak; it doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve your goals. 20 You’ve got to keep moving forward and find a way over, around, or through the difficulties.A. Never give up on yourself.B. Failure only exists in your own mind!C. That’s exactly how failure makes us feel.D. It simply means you have not done enough yet.E. You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.F. Instead, make up your mind to make your goal happen, no matter what!G. Work hard towards your goal, and you will be likely to get good results.完形填空Let’s suppose you have a four-year-old daughter who has just started kindergarten. Whenever she 21 something new, she always thinks it is hard. For example, you start a dance class this year and even though she loves dancing, she 22 to do it because she thinks it’s just too hard. In such a situation, what would you do?This is a real 23 for a lot of parents. Your daughter is 24 four years old. Kids at this age are generally self-centered. That is why they are lying down on the ground and 25 when they can’t get the ball or when things don’t work out. They only 26 things from their own perspective(思考方法). Therefore, she thinks taking a dance class is hard though in your opinion it is the 27 .Here the problem is that your daughter 28 easily. You certainly don’t want to raise a child that always gives up if something is 29 . And this is the area where we need to be 30 so that her interest in things isn’t 31 . There are some things to do here: Expose （使体验）your daughter to different hobbies and activities and 32 her to choose what she likes to do the most. At the young age, one or two activities are enough, and they should only be for 33 . The idea is that our children get to 34 new things and make up their own minds. You should help her understand that her 35 doesn't matterr --- what matters most is that she is trying and she has fun. 36 , if your daughter struggles with activities that are new to her, as parents, you should be 37 . Tell her it’s normal for new things to be hard and that things are hard 38 they’re easy.In short, your daughter is just a baby, 39 let her have fun doing the things she likes to do and realize how 40 it is to try new things.21. A. tries B. remembers C. gets D. misses22. A. refuses B. pretends C. wants D. wishes23. A. reward B. result C. challenge D. reason24. A. already B. still C. almost D. just25. A. smiling B. sleeping C. crying D. leaving26. A. see B. teach C. solve D. buy27. A. favorite B. opposite C. exception D. choice28. A. works out B. gives up C. turns around D. brings in29. A. popular B. cheap C. difficult D. dirty30. A. ready B. angry C. brave D. careful31. A. developed B. protected C. damaged D. prevented32. A. allow B. forbid C. order D. promise33. A. life B. fun C. example D. luck34.A. produce B. design C. appreciate D.experience35. A. performance B. safety C. lesson D. health36. A. However B. Besides C. Instead D. Anyway37. A. serious B. anxious C. frightened D.supportive38. A. unless B. before C. while D. as39. A. for B. but C. so D. or40. A. foolish B. terrible C. successful D. important语法填空Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities, where people are able to make full use of the rapidly-developed Internet technology. Nowadays, can we find a person___41___has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not.Online shopping___42___(welcome) by most people due to various reasons. From the perspective（观点）of consumers, it can save some time for people who don’t have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get___43___they want while staying at home. For the retailers（零售商）, it can cut some costs for those who don’t have much circulating funds (流动资金). ___44___ (compare) with the traditional trade mode, it doesn’t need renting a house. ___45___, there are still some disadvantages in online shopping. First, a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less___46___(rely) and trustworthy（可靠的）. Second, people will lose___47___fun of bargaining.___48___is undeniable that shopping on the Internet has become an irresistable（不可阻挡的）trend in modern society. It’s of great urgency that we need to make the relative laws in accordance with（根据）the rapid 49 ( grow) of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and ___50___(convenient) of online shopping without the concern of being cheated.短文改错假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

高中英语课时作业(五)Unit2 Section Ⅲ 新人教版必修第三册

课时作业(五) UNIT 2 Section ⅢDiscovering UsefulStructures层级一即时应用体验维度1 单句语法填空1．I noticed a thief ________ (steal) money from the old man's pocket when I passed by.2．With more and more farmers ________ (rush) into city，their children's education becomes a problem.3．________ (compare) with many other women, she leads a very happy life.4．Their car was caught in a traffic jam, ________ (cause) them to be late.5．________ (give) another five minutes, I can finish the work on time.维度2 用动词－ing形式完成语段A teacher once told each of her students to bring a clear plastic bag and a large bag of potatoes to school.1.____________________ (写下……名字)the person that the students refused to forgive in their life on a potato and put them in the plastic bag，they were then told to carry these bags with them everywhere for one week，2.________________________ (把他们放在床边)at night，on their car seats3.________________ (在开车的时候), and next to their desks at work.During this time，4.__________________________ (带着包到处走)，they realized what a weight they were, and how they needed to pay attention all the time，so as not to forget them or leave them in embarrassing places.Of course，the potatoes were becoming rotten，5.________________ (闻起来很糟糕).维度3 句型转换1．As time passes by, we will have a better life.→____________， we will have a better life.2．I stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by.→I stood on the bridge, ________________．3．I heard that Mary sang a song in the next room this time last night.→I heard Mary________________ in the next room this time last night.4．After he had eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.→________________， the boy rushed out.5．When she turned around，she saw a car driving up.→________________，she saw a car driving up.6．As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.→________________________， I had to ask the way.维度4 语法与语篇用适当的动词－ing形式完成下列短文Mary Smith looked at the beautiful ripe plums(梅子).They would make lovely jam. After she had finished 1.________ (cook)，she filled all her empty jam jars 2.________ (leave) the rest of the jam in the pan. She would put it in the fridge when it was cooler.But just then the telephone rang.3.________________ (learn) that her mother was in hospital after a car accident，Mary picked up her bag and ran out of the house.Some days later, her husband，John，came home from a business trip.He had been travelling all day and felt like 4.________ (have) a drink and a piece of cake.5.________ (enter) the kitchen, he saw a pan with a dark red mess inside it.He lifted it up and smelled it.It smelled horrible.6.________ (think) Mary must have forgotten to clean this pan, he poured all the jam into the chicken yard and cleaned the pan.Then 7.________ (feel) comfortable, he began to eat a piece of cake.When Mary returned，she noticed the chickens 8.________ (behave) strangely.They were running round the yard as if they were sick. She saw the dark red mess on the ground and went closer.9.________ (see) a plum stone，she went into the kitchen.Her husband was at the table 10.________ (read) a newspaper. Angrily，Mary rushed up to him shouting “You threw away my jam！” Her husband said，“I'm sorry，but I thought it was porridge gone bad in the hot weather.”层级二主题阅读训练Ⅰ.阅读理解AWith the help of the car manufacturer (汽车制造商) Hyundai, a 13－year－old girlwas able to send a message to space, where her dad works on the International Space Station (ISS).“He gets to live and work in space and he is doing lots of experiments up there. He has to stay there for long periods of time... I miss him when he is gone, ” Stephanie, who is from Houston, Texas, said in a video. “I think if we could write a really big message he would be able to see it from space. ”Hyundai took her wish to heart and decided to take on the challenge. Using Nevada's Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas (画布), 11 drivers drove Hyundai cars, spelling out “Steph s you” across 2.14 square miles of desert. A promotional video, which Hyundai made to record the process, caught her father's response and showed the picture he took of her message from the ISS.“I am happy that he could see it and knows that we are think ing about him back home, ” Stephanie said. “He has seen so many things up there, but I hope that this message was the most special. ”There are many misunderstandings about what can and cannot be seen from space. Contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space, but many seemingly less important things can be seen.“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard, and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see from space, ” said Mike Gentry, a photo researcher for NASA's human－tended vehicles. And with a special camera, they can see the earth in great detail and even keep an eye on their favorite sports teams.1．What can we know about Stephanie's father?A．He likes taking pictures.B．He spends little time at home.C．He works in a car company.D．He often sends messages to his daughter.2．How did Hyundai help the girl?A．By offering a free ride.B．By taking her to a guided tour.C．By replaying her father's response.D．By making a large picture with cars.3．Which of the following can be seen from space?A.A moving car.B．A standing farmer.C．The Great Wall of China.D．The smoke of burning rubbish.4．What is the best title for the text?A．Send Love to SpaceB．A Girl of Great TalentC．Observe the Earth Far AwayD．A New Way to Explore SpaceB[2022·福建师大附中高一期末]When it comes to who is happier, people with kids or those without, most research points to the latter. But a new study suggests that parents are happier than non－parents later in life, when their children move out and become sources of social enjoyment rather than stress.Most surveys of parental happiness have focused on those whose children still live at home. These tend to show that people with kids are less happy than their child－free peers because they have less free time, sleep and money.Christoph Becker at Heidelberg University in Germany and his colleagues wondered if the story might be different for parents whose kids have left home. To find out, they analyzed data from a European survey that asked 55，000 people aged 50 and older about their emotional well－being.They found that, in this older age group, people with children had greater life satisfaction and fewer symptoms of depression than people without children, but only if their kids had left home.“This may be because when children grow up and move out, they provide social enrichment to their parents minus (抵消) the day－to－day stress of looking after them，” says Becker. They may also give something back by providing care andfinancial sup port to their parents, he says. “Hence, children's role as caregivers, financial support or simply as social contact might outweigh negative aspects of parenthood，” he says.If parents disobey the idea of waiting for their kids to move out to maximize their potential happiness, they could move to a country with better childcare support, says Becker. A 2016 study of 22 countries found that parents with children at home were actually slightly happier than their child－free peers if they lived in places like Norway, Portugal and Sweden that have paid parental leave and generous childcare subsidies (补助).5．Why did Christoph Becker and his colleagues analyze data from a European survey?A．To show their opinions are different.B．To prove the earlier findings are wrong.C．To prove if parents can be happier under certain conditions.D．To figure out old people's emotional well－being.6．According to the new study, what is the key point of parental happiness?A．Whether the kids have moved out or not.B．Which country they choose to live in.C．Whether kids are to play roles of caregivers.D．Whether parents are willing to wait for kids' growth.7．How can people with kids at home achieve more happiness according to Becker?A．Moving to another country without trouble from kids.B．Asking their kids to move out as soon as possible.C．Living in a country with better policies on childcare.D．Paying for parental leave, generous childcare subsidies.8．What is the main idea of this passage?A．How people can achieve happiness in their life.B．People without children are happier than those with kids.C．Why people have greater life satisfaction in their older age.D．Parents whose children have left home feel happier than non－parents.Ⅱ.完形填空[2022·海南省琼海市嘉积中学高一下检测]Six years ago when I was told that my father suffered from dementia(痴呆), everything changed overnight. Until then, I was loved and lived with little __1__. My father became a child who needed round －the－clock __2__ for everyday activities. __3__， we learnt that the best way to deal with him was with patience and __4__.Our family started __5__ more time and activities together——Sundays were set aside for a drive, a park visit and dinner at a restaurant. Each __6__ gave us the chance to connect as a family.They were special to my father and gave him great __7__. It was also a time of __8__—— I found myself tested in different ways and found perseverance (坚毅) that I didn't __9__ I had.By December last year, my father's condition became more __10__. Unable to deal with his illness, we were __11__ to send him to a centre for dementia care.We brought my father home in February when he got __12__. The next month, the government advised us to stay home because of COVID－19. I was worried that he would miss his walks and would get __13__ if he had to stay home all day long, but when we explained the __14__ to him, he understood. Perhaps it was because he knew hisfamily would __15__ with him.,1．A.pay B．honourC．worry D．knowledge2．A.schedule B．purposeC．trust D．help3．A.Slowly B．ClearlyC．Similarly D．Usually4．A.power B．kindnessC．love D．bravery5．A.planning B．missingC．needing D．remembering6．A.game B．outingC．discussion D．visit7．A.luck B．joyC．pride D．surprise8．A.self－control B．self－studyC．self－discovery D．self－pity9．A.agree B．meanC．guess D．know10．A.serious B．commonC．important D．special11．A.ordered B．forcedC．trained D．wished12．A.better B．happierC．safer D．quicker13．A.injured B．lostC．concerned D．upset14．A.lesson B．changeC．story D．reason15．A.talk B．stayC．work D．waitⅢ.语法填空Loyalty is one of the most important 1.________ (quality) a person can have, a retired farmer Alastair Eckhoff said.Mr Eckhoff was a stock and station agent (代理商) for 38 years and owns a sheep farm in Moa Creek. When 2.________ (ask) what wisdom he would like to pass on to the next generation, he said，“The really major one is loyalty.”Loyalty proved its worth early in his career (职业), when he was just starting out as 3.________ young employee on the Wrightson's experimental farm near Lincoln.“I used to complain 4.________ the pay, as I was only getting 600 a year，”he said.His boss told 5.________ (he) that things would improve if he was loyal and did the job he was asked to do.Later, he was given a stock and station agent position in Omakau, which came with a high pay, a car and a house.He said it was also 6.________ (extreme) important to be loyal to a company and not always go after the best markets or the best deals.When he was younger, he 7.________ (help) into his farm by the original, older owner.He said he decided to lease (出租) his farm to a young couple 8.________ were just starting out earlier this year.“I was given the opportunity 9.________(go) farming，”he said.“Now, I am doing the same thing. I am 10.________ (excite) to pay it forward.”课时作业(五)层级一即时应用体验维度11．stealing 2.rushing pared 4.causing 5.Given维度21．Having written the name of 2.putting them beside their beds 3.while driving 4.carrying the bags around with them5．smelling very bad维度31．With time passing by 2.watching boats passing by3．singing a song 4.Having eaten his dinner5．Turning around 6.Not knowing how to get there维度41．cooking 2.leaving 3.Learning 4.having 5.Entering 6.Thinking 7.feeling 8.behaving 9.Seeing10．reading层级二主题阅读训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。

10.5带电粒子在电场中的运动——2023学年高二物理人教版(2023)必修第三册同步课时训练(Wo

10.5带电粒子在电场中的运动一、练概念1.如图所示，两平行金属板相距为d，电势差为U，一电子质量为m，电荷量为e，从O点沿垂直于极板的方向射出，最远到达A点，然后返回，OA h，此电子具有的初动能是( )A.edhUhC.eUdhD.eUhd2.（多选）如图所示，平行板电容器的两个极板与水平地面成一角度，两极板与一直流电源相连。

若一带电粒子恰能沿图中所示水平直线通过电容器，则在此过程中，该粒子( )A.所受重力与静电力平衡B.电势能逐渐增加C.动能逐渐增加D.做匀变速直线运动3.（多选）静电场中，一带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下自M点由静止开始运动，N为粒子运动轨迹上的另外一点，则( )A.运动过程中，粒子的速度大小可能先增大后减小B.在M N、两点间，粒子的轨迹一定与某条电场线重合C.粒子在M点的电势能不低于其在N点的电势能D.粒子在N点所受电场力的方向一定与粒子轨迹在该点的切线平行4.一电子枪发射出的电子（初速度可视为零）进入加速电场加速后，垂直进入偏转电场，射出后偏移量为y，要使偏移量增大，下列可行的办法是( )A.增大偏转电压B.增大加速电压C.增大极板间距离D.将发射的粒子改为比荷大的带负电粒子二、练能力5.如图所示，在P板附近有一电子由静止开始向Q板运动，则关于电子到达Q时的速率与哪些因素有关的下列解释中正确的是( )A.两极板间的距离越大，加速的时间就越长，则电子获得的速率越大B.两极板间的距离越小，加速的时间就越短，则电子获得的速率越小C.两极板间的距离越小，加速度就越大，则电子获得的速率越大D.与两板间的距离无关，仅与加速电压U有关6.（多选）如图所示，两平行金属板M N、通过开关K与电源E连接，N板接地，当开关闭合时有一带电液滴刚好静止在P点。

则( )A.液滴带负电B.只向上移动M板，电容将变大C.只向上移动M板，P点电势将升高D.只向上移动M板，液滴将向下运动7.（多选）如图所示，重力不计的a b、两个带正电的粒子，以相同的速度先后射入水平放置的两平行金属板间，射入方向与两极板平行，a粒子打在B板的a' 点，b粒子打在B板的b' 点，则( )A.a的运动时间小于b的运动时间B.a的比荷一定大于b的比荷C.a带的电荷量一定大于b带的电荷量D.b的质量一定大于a的质量8.（多选）如图，在竖直放置的半径为0.5R的光滑半圆弧绝缘细管的圆心O处固定一点电荷，将+的小球从圆弧管的水平直径端点A由静止释放，小球沿细管滑到最低点B 质量为m，电荷量为2q时，对管壁恰好无压力，已知重力加速度为g，则( )A.小球在BB.小球在BC.小球不能到达C 点D.固定于圆心处的点电荷在细管内的电场强度大小为32mgq9.如图所示，矩形区域ABCD 内存在竖直向下的匀强电场，两个带正电的粒子a 和b 以相同的水平速度射入电场，粒子a 由顶点A 射入，从BC 的中点P 射出，粒子b 由AB 的中点O 射入，从顶点C 射出。

3.1重组DNA技术的基本工具——高二生物学人教版(2019)选择性必修三同步课时训练

3.1重组DNA技术的基本工具——2023-2024学年高二生物学人教版（2019）选择性必修三同步课时训练一、单选题1．同尾酶是指一组识别序列不同，但切出的黏性末端相同的限制酶。

下图为EcoRI、Bam-HI、BglI和MboI四种限制酶的识别序列及酶切位点。

下列说法正确的是( )A.BamHI、BgⅡ、MboI属于同族酶，他们的识别序列相同B.使用同尾酶构建基因表达载体时，切割位点的选择范围扩大C.选用两种不同的限制酶切割目的基因，都可以防止目的基因自身环化D.用DNA连接酶将BamHI和MboI形成的黏性末端连接后，可被二者重新切开2．红细胞生成素（EPO）是体内促进红细胞生成的一种激素物质，是当今最成功的基因工程药物，可用于治疗肾衰性贫血等疾病。

由于天然EPO来源极为有限，目前临床使用的红细胞生成素主要来自基因工程技术生产的重组人红细胞生成素（rhEPO）。

其简要生产流程如图，下列相关叙述正确的是( )A.过程①用到的工具酶有DNA聚合酶、限制酶和DNA连接酶B.构建的重组表达载体中终止子的作用是终止翻译过程C.检测重组细胞是否表达出rhEPO常用抗原—抗体杂交技术D.用乳腺生物反应器生产EPO可将人EPO基因导入哺乳动物体细胞获得3．甲、乙、丙三种限制酶均识别6个核苷酸序列，下列有关如图所示的黏性末端的说法，正确的是( )A.甲、乙、丙三种限制酶识别的核苷酸序列由核糖核苷酸组成B.限制酶切割DNA分子一次可断开2个磷酸二酯键，产生2个游离的磷酸基团C.甲、乙、丙是由不同的限制酶切割产生的相同黏性末端D.甲、乙黏性末端形成的重组DNA分子片段能被甲、乙限制酶切割4．甲型流感病毒的抗原性与感染性与其表面的R蛋白（血凝素蛋白）密切相关，现利用基因工程的方法生产相关疫苗。

图甲为构建R蛋白基因表达载体的过程，图乙为重组质粒被相关酶切后的电泳结果。

下列相关叙述错误的是( )A.电泳技术可以用于人类亲子鉴定、生物间亲缘关系的鉴定B.图甲过程中至少需要用到逆转录酶、DNA聚合酶、限制酶、DNA连接酶C.通过PCR技术从1个cDNA分子中特异性扩增出R蛋白基因时，在第四轮循环产物中开始出现两条脱氧核苷酸链等长的R蛋白基因D.据图乙可推测重组质粒长度最短为200bp,Bam HⅠ在重组质粒上最少有3个酶切位点5．基因编辑是一种基因工程技术，CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术，可以实现对DNA的定点切割。

人教版高中化学选择性必修二第3章晶体结构与性质第1节第2课时晶胞晶体结构的测定练习含答案

第2课时晶胞晶体结构的测定课后·训练提升基础巩固1.测定晶体结构最常用的方法是进行X射线衍射实验,其工作原理如图所示。

下列有关说法错误的是()。

A.X射线透过晶体时会在记录仪上产生分立的斑点或者明锐的衍射峰B.同一种物质的X射线图谱相同C.能够通过X射线图谱计算晶胞形状和大小、原子在晶胞中的数目和位置X射线衍射实验分析物质微观结构是测定原子空间排布的重要途径X射线图谱不同。

2.下列结构示意图中,不能表示晶胞的是()。

,不能和下一个单元重合,不是重复单元,不能表示晶胞,故C项错误。

3.已知X、Y、Z三种元素组成的化合物的晶胞如图所示,则下面表示该化合物的化学式正确的是()。

A.ZXY 3B.ZX 2Y 6 8 D.ZX 8Y 12X 占据8个顶角,属于该晶胞的X 的数目为8×18=1;Y 占据12条棱的中间,属于该晶胞的Y 的数目为12×14=3;Z 占据该晶胞的体心,属于该晶胞的Z 的数目为1。

故该化合物的化学式为ZXY 3。

4.磁光存储的研究是Williams 等在1957年使Mn 和Bi 形成的晶体薄膜磁化并用光读取之后开始的。

如图是Mn 和Bi 形成的某种晶体的结构示意图,则该物质的化学式可表示为( )。

A.Mn 2BiB.MnBi 3 D.Mn 4Bi 3Mn 的个数为12×16+6×13+2×12+1=6,含有Bi 的个数为6,则该物质的化学式为MnBi 。

5.已知某晶体的晶胞如图所示,则该晶体的化学式为( )。

A.XYZB.X 2Y 4Z Z D.X 4Y 2Z原子位于晶胞顶角,该晶胞含有的X 原子数目为8×18=1;Y 原子位于该晶胞内,共有4个,因此该晶胞中含有的Y 原子数目为4;Z 只有1个,位于晶胞的体心上,故该晶体的化学式为XY 4Z 。

6.冰晶石(化学式为Na 3AlF 6)的晶体结构单元如图所示(“”位于大立方体的顶角和面心,“”位于大立方体的12条棱的中点和8个小立方体的体心)。

人教版高中物理必修第3册 10.4 第2课时电容器的电容

知识点三、平行板电容器
1．结构：由两个平行且彼此绝缘的金属板构成．
2．电容的决定因素：电容 C 与两极板间电介质的相对介电常
数 εr 成___正__比___，跟极板的正对面积 S 成___正__比___，跟极板间的距
离 d 成___反__比___．
εrS
k 为静3．电电力容常的量决．定当式两：极C板＝间__是4_π_真k_d_空__时，ε，r 为C电＝介__质_4_πS的_k_d相__对. 介电常数，
【解析】由电容器的电容定义式 C＝QU可知 Q＝CU.当电荷量
为 Q1 时，Q1＝CU1.当电荷量为 Q2 时，Q2＝CU2.显然 Q2－Q1＝C(U2 －U1)，即 C＝QU22－－QU11＝0.6×21V0－5 C＝3 μF.当两极板间电势差降到 6 V 时，每个极板应减少的电荷量为 ΔQ′＝CΔU′＝3×10－6×(10 －6) C＝1.2×10－5 C.
拓展通过 Q－U 图像理解电容器的电容如图所示，Q－U 图像是一条过原点的直线，直线的斜率表示电容大小，即 k＝C＝ΔΔQU
题型 1 对电容的理解【例 1】对电容公式 C＝QU的理解，以下说法正确的是( ) A．电容器带的电荷量越多，电容增加越大 B．电容器的电容跟它两极板所加电压成反比 C．电容器的电容越大，所带电荷量就越多 D．对于确定的电容器，它所带的电荷量跟它两极板间所加电压的比值保持不变
(3)①保持极板上的电荷量 Q 和两极间距离 d 不变，改变两极板的正对面积 S，S 越大，静电计指示的电势差越小．可得到：S 越大，U 越小，则 C 越大．
②保持极板上的电荷量 Q 和两极板的正对面积 S 不变，改变两极板间的距离 d，d 越小，静电计指示的电势差越小．可得到：d 越小，U 越小，则 C 越大．

人教版高中生物选择性必修3

2.3人体生命活动的神经调节高二生物北师大版必修三同步课时训练【基础练习】1.神经调节的结构基础是( )A.反射B.反射弧C.感受器D.神经中枢2.人在激动时，往往心跳加快、血压上升、胃肠蠕动减慢。

对此的合理解释是( )A.交感神经兴奋性较强B.副交感神经兴奋性较强C.交感神经和副交感神经兴奋性均强D.交感神经和副交感神经兴奋性均弱3.在精密仪器的测量下，刺激脚趾产生痛觉的反应时间比刺激大腿产生痛觉的反应时间长，造成这种差别的结构主要是反射弧中的( )A.神经中枢B.传入神经C.传出神经D.效应器4.兴奋在神经纤维上和在神经元之间传导的方式分别是( )A. 电信号，递质传递B. 递质传递，电信号C. 电信号，电信号D. 递质传递，递质传递5.兴奋在神经元之间传递信息的结构是( )A.突触B.神经纤维C.乙酰胆碱D.一氧化氮6.人体最高级的神经中枢是( )A.脑干B.脊髓C.大脑皮层D.小脑【能力提升】7.下列关于神经系统对内脏活动的调节叙述错误的是( )A.神经系统对内脏活动的调节是通过反射进行的B.脊髓是调节内脏活动的低级中枢，通过它可以完成简单的内脏活动，如排尿、排便等C.脑干中也有许多重要的调节内脏活动的基本中枢，如调节呼吸运动的中枢D.小脑是躯体运动的低级中枢8.为研究自主神经系统对心脏的支配作用，分别测定狗在正常情况、阻断副交感神经后和阻断交感神经后的心率，结果如表所示。

下列分析错误的是( )实验处理心率（次/分）正常情况90仅阻断副交感神经180仅阻断交感神经70A.交感神经兴奋引起心脏搏动加快B.副交感神经兴奋引起心脏搏动减慢C.正常情况下，交感神经和副交感神经均处于工作状态D.对心率影响较强的是交感神经9.如图是缩手反射的反射弧，关于该反射弧的叙述错误的是( )A.该反射弧的神经中枢在脊髓B.反射弧由感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经和效应器组成C.感受器能感受刺激产生兴奋，产生的兴奋沿着传入神经向神经中枢传导D.感受器由感觉神经末梢组成，效应器由运动神经末梢组成10.如图将灵敏电流计的两极分别置于膝跳反射反射弧中的a处外表面和b 处内表面，图中ac=db，若在c、d两点同时对神经细胞给予能引起兴奋的相同刺激，则刺激后电流计指针偏转的情况及b处内表面的电位变化是( )A.先左后右，再向右；负→正→负B.先右后左，再向左；正→负→正C.先右后左，再向右再向左；正→负→正→负→正D.先左后右，再向左再向右；负→正→负→正→负11.如图是用甲、乙两个电流表研究神经纤维及突触上兴奋产生及传导的示意图。

人教版(2019)高中化学选择性必修三课时训练--苯

“四翼”检测评价(八) 苯基础性——强调基础扎实1．下列物质在一定条件下，可与苯发生化学反应的是()①浓硝酸②溴水③溴的四氯化碳溶液④酸性KMnO4溶液⑤氧气A．①⑤B．②④C．②③⑤D．③④⑤解析：选A苯与溴水、溴的四氯化碳溶液、酸性KMnO4溶液均不反应，在催化剂作用下与浓硝酸发生硝化反应生成硝基苯，与氧气可发生燃烧反应。

2．乙烯和苯能够共同发生的反应类型有()①加成反应②缩聚反应③加聚反应④氧化反应A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④解析：选D乙烯含有碳碳双键，能够发生加成反应、加聚反应、氧化反应等；苯能够与氢气加成，与卤素单质、浓硝酸等发生取代反应，不能发生加聚反应，苯和乙烯都是烃，都能够燃烧即能发生氧化反应。

3．如图是四种常见有机物的分子结构模型示意图。

下列说法错误的是()A．甲不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色B．乙可与溴水发生加成反应而使溴水褪色C．丙中的碳碳键是介于碳碳单键和碳碳双键之间的独特的键D．丁在稀硫酸作用下可与乙酸发生取代反应解析：选D由分子结构模型可知四种常见有机物分别为甲烷、乙烯、苯、乙醇，然后根据物质的性质分析。

甲表示甲烷，属于饱和烃，不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，A项正确；乙表示乙烯，属于不饱和烃，能和溴水发生加成反应而使溴水褪色，B项正确；丙表示苯，苯中的碳碳键是介于碳碳单键和碳碳双键之间的独特的共价键，C项正确；丁表示乙醇，在浓硫酸的作用下可与乙酸发生取代反应生成乙酸乙酯，D项错误。

4．苯燃烧热的热化学方程式为C6H6(l)＋152O2(g)===6CO2(g)＋3H2O(l)ΔH＝－3 260kJ·mol－1，设阿伏加德罗常数的值为N A，下列说法正确的是()A．断裂3N A个碳碳双键时，放出3 260 kJ的热量B．消耗336 L O2时，放出6 520 kJ的热量C．转移30N A个电子时，放出3 260 kJ的热量D．生成3N A个气态水分子时，放出3 260 kJ的热量解析：选C已知反应表示1 mol C6H6(l)完全燃烧放出3 260 kJ的热量；苯分子中不含有碳碳双键，故A错误；没有指明温度和压强，无法计算氧气的物质的量，故B错误；转移30N A个电子时，恰好使1 mol C6H6(l) 完全燃烧，放出3 260 kJ的热量，故C正确；水分子由液态变成气态时需要吸收热量，则放出热量小于3 260 kJ，故D错误。

微生物的基本培养技术同步课时训练-高二下学期生物学生物人教版选择性必修三

1.2.1微生物的基本培养技术——高二生物学人教版（2019）选择性必修三同步课时训练【基础练习】1.培养过程中不希望培养液pH发生变化时，应该( )A.加酸B.加碱C.加缓冲液D.加无机盐2.培养微生物就需要配制培养基，所配制的培养基都需( )A.用蒸馏水配制B.高压灭菌C.进行倒平板处理D.加热融化琼脂3.用牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基采集和培养人体呼吸道细菌。

对于温度的控制合理的操作是( )A.接种在37℃环境中进行B.在常温环境中培养细菌C.倒平板时用沸腾的培养基D.培养基在121℃灭菌4.下列关于培养基的叙述中正确的是( )A.培养液的灭菌采取干热灭菌法B.制备培养基时灭菌后再调节pH值，培养基分装到培养皿后进行灭菌C.倒平板时将培养皿的盖拿开，以便于将锥形瓶中的培养基倒入培养皿D.可以通过适宜条件下培养未接种的培养基以确定培养基是否被污染5.下列操作不能达到灭菌目的的是( )A.使用高压蒸汽灭菌锅处理培养基B.在火焰上灼烧接种环C.使用干热灭菌箱处理金属用具D.防疫期间用石炭酸喷洒教室6.下列关于培养基的叙述，错误的是( )A.培养基是为微生物的生长、繁殖提供营养物质的基质B.根据微生物对碳源需要的差别，使用不同碳源的培养基C.可在培养基中加入磷酸氢二钾或磷酸二氢钾，用于维持pH的相对稳定D.制备牛肉膏蛋白胨固体培养基的操作顺序为计算、称量、溶化、倒平板、灭菌【能力提升】7.下列针对微生物纯培养的说法，错误的是( )A.倒平板操作中，等待平板冷却凝固后，要将平板倒置B.将单个微生物分散在固体培养基上的方法只有平板划线法C.若皿盖和皿底之间溅上培养基，则这个培养基不可再用D.微生物纯培养形成的菌落只出现在固体培养基表面或内部8.微生物培养过程中，要十分重视无菌操作，现代生物学实验中的许多方面也要进行无菌操作，防止杂菌污染，请分析下列操作中错误的有几项( )①煮沸消毒可以杀死微生物营养细胞和一部分芽孢②配制培养基时可以加入蒸馏水③培养基只能进行湿热灭菌，培养皿只能进行干热灭菌④加入培养基中的指示剂或染色剂不需要灭菌A.1项B.2项C.3项D.4项9.细菌需要从外界吸收营养物质并通过代谢来维持正常的生长和繁殖。

2019-2020人教必修3-Unit 3课时练习及解析 (9)

Unit 3 Section III 课时训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Could you tell us what’s for______(甜点)?答案：dessert2．He covered her mouth to stop her from______(尖叫)．答案：screaming3．A large______(数量)of water has been wasted by t he factory.答案：amount4．It’s wellknown that his father is a very________(真诚的)person.答案：genuine5．I was very sad______(真正地)to hear of your fathe r’s death.答案：indeedⅡ.短语填空in a rude manner，take a chance，it is well-known that，as for，in rags1．______your hope of winning the first prize，I don’t know about that.答案：As for2．Even in New York there are still many people______.答案：in rags3．Come on！It’s not worth ______ at all.答案：taking a chance4．Don’t treat that old man______ though he owes you some money.答案：in a rude manner5．______the present American President Obama is a black man.答案：It is well-known thatⅢ.单项填空1．My parents always let me have my own______of living.A．way B．methodC．manner D．fashion解析：句意：我的父母一直让我拥有自己的生活方式。

2019-2020人教高中英语必修3-Unit 3课时练习及解析 (7)

Unit 2 Section III 课时训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．You will b______from her good example.答案：benefit2．The two schools are to be c______to form one big new school.答案：combined3．His English was so l______ that he couldn’t even tell the foreign friend where he was from.答案：limited4．The teacher told him not to______(叹息)over the failure of yesterday’s test.答案：sigh5．Chocolate can offer you some e______ when you are tired or hungry.答案：energyⅡ.短语填空in debt，before long，spy on，earn one’s living，put on weight1．It is easier to______，but it is quite difficult to lose weight.答案：put on weight2．He tried so hard to stay awake，but______ he fell asleep.答案：before long3．Being unable to speak English，he found it hard to______in America.答案：earn / make his living4．Do not borrow money from others unless you want to be______.答案：in debt5．Nobody，including your parents，has the right to______ you.答案：spy onⅢ.单项填空1．My mother often saves a lot of money by ______ the prices of everything she buys. A．turning down B．cutting downC．turning up D．cutting up解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。

最新人教版高中物理必修第三册同步强化训练4.第2课时实验：观察电容器的充、放电现象

第2课时实验:观察电容器的充、放电现象双基巩固学考突破1.观察电容器的充、放电现象的实验电路图如图所示,接通开关S,对电路中的电容器充电。

充电后,该电容器(选填“上”或“下”)极板带正电荷。

若电容器的两个极板分别带上了电荷量均为Q的等量异种电荷,此时电容器所带的电荷量为。

答案:上Q解析:题图中电容器充电过程,充完电后电容器上极板与电源的正极相连,则电容器上极板带正电;电容器电荷量是单极板所带电荷量的绝对值,故电荷量为Q。

2.探究电容器充、放电的实验装置示意图如图所示,已知灵敏电流计0刻度在表盘中央位置,经判断:当电流从左接线柱流入时指针左偏;电流从右接线柱流入时指针右偏。

请根据所学知识回答下列问题:(1)电容器充电结束后,将开关S扳到b,在放电的过程中,灵敏电流计指针会(选填“左”或“右”)偏。

(2)将开关S扳到a,让电源给电容器充电,结束后,保持开关位置不变,若在电容器中间插入一块有机玻璃板,则在插入过程中灵敏电流计指针(选填“左”或“右”)偏。

答案:(1)左(2)右解析:(1)当电流从灵敏电流计左接线柱流入时灵敏电流计指针左偏;电流从灵敏电流计右接线柱流入时灵敏电流计指针右偏。

电容器充电结束后,将开关S扳到b放电的过程中,电流自左向右通过灵敏电流计,灵敏电流计指针会左偏。

(2)将开关S扳到a,让电源给电容器充电,结束后,保持开关位置不变,电容器极板间电压恒定,若在电容器中间插入一块有机玻璃板,电容增大,电荷量增大,电流自右向左通过灵敏电流计,灵敏电流计指针会右偏。

选考奠基素养提升1.电路中电流大小可以用电流传感器测量,用电流传感器和计算机可以方便地测出电路中电流随时间变化的曲线。

某兴趣小组要测定一个电容器的电容,选用器材如下:待测电容器(额定电压为16 V),电流传感器和计算机,直流稳压电源,定值电阻R0=100 Ω,单刀双掷开关,导线若干。

实验过程如下:①按照图甲正确连接电路;②将开关S与1端连接,电源向电容器充电;③将开关S掷向2端,测得电流随时间变化的i-t图线如图乙中的实线a所示;④利用计算机软件测出i-t曲线和两坐标轴所围的面积。

人教版高中生物选择性必修第3册第二章第3节神经冲动的产生和传导第2课时兴奋在神经元之间的传递

科学家通过实验证明在神经元与心肌细胞之间传递的信号是化学信号，这种化学信号就是神经递质。
4.兴奋在突触的传递过程
轴突末梢
突触小泡
突触前膜
神经递质
突触间隙（扩散）
神经递质与突触后膜的受体结合
突触后膜离子通道打开
突触后膜电位变化
神经递质被降解或回收
思考：你能推测兴奋在突触传递过程吗？
电信号
化学信号
电信号
3.乙酰胆碱酯酶可以水解乙酰胆碱，有机农药能使乙酰胆碱酯酶失活，则该农药可以（）A.使乙酰胆碱持续发挥作用B.阻止乙酰胆碱与其受体结合C.阻止乙酰胆碱从突触前膜释放D.使乙酰胆碱失去与受体的结合能力
C
A
谢谢指导！
第2课时兴奋在神经元之间的传递
人教版生物选择性必修1稳态与调节
第二章第3节神经冲动的产生和传导
神经中枢
效应器
感受器
传入神经
传出神经
当兴奋传导到神经元的末端时，是如何传递到另一个神经元的呢？兴奋在神经元之间传递的结构基础是什么？
神经元的__________末端_____，呈___状或___状的结构，叫做__________。
突触前膜Ca2+ 通道打开，Ca2+内流
突触前膜释放神经递质
神经递质与突触后膜上的受体结合
突触后膜Cl－通道打开，Cl－内流
突触后膜静息电位绝对值增大
突触后膜无局部电流的形成（抑制）
（外正内负）
抑制性神经递质有甘氨酸、 γ-氨基丁酸等。
思考：下图为膝跳反射示意图，要完成小腿上翘的动作，伸肌应收缩还是舒张，屈肌呢？你推测b突触处释放的是何种类型的神经递质，a突触处呢？
(1)据图分析，吸食可卡因导致多巴胺留在突触间隙持续发挥作用的原因是什么？(2)吸食可卡因会对突触后膜产生什么影响？