Treatment of cataract

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白内障指南2021

白内障指南2021Introduction.Cataracts, the clouding of the lens of the eye, are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Cataract surgery isthe most common surgical procedure performed globally, with over 20 million surgeries performed annually. The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) have recently updated their guidelines for cataract surgery. These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of cataracts.Diagnosis.Cataracts are diagnosed primarily through a comprehensive eye examination. This includes a visualacuity test, slit-lamp examination, and dilated fundus examination. The symptoms of cataracts can include blurred vision, glare, difficulty seeing at night, and faded colors.Management.The primary treatment for cataracts is surgery. However, there are certain cases where observation may be appropriate. For example, cataracts that are small and do not cause significant visual impairment may not require immediate surgery.Surgery.Cataract surgery involves removing the clouded lens of the eye and replacing it with an artificial lens implant. There are several different techniques for cataract surgery, including phacoemulsification, extracapsular cataract extraction, and laser cataract surgery. The choice of surgical technique depends on the individual patient'sneeds and preferences.Postoperative Care.After cataract surgery, patients will need to followspecific instructions for postoperative care. This may include using eye drops, wearing an eye patch, and avoiding strenuous activity. Most patients will experience a significant improvement in their vision within a few days after surgery.Conclusion.Cataract surgery is a safe and effective procedure that can significantly improve vision. The AAO and ASCRS guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of cataracts.中文回答：2021年白内障指南。

老年性白内障病人的健康教育论文：老年性白内障病人的健康教育

老年性白内障病人的健康教育论文：老年性白内障病人的健康教育【摘要】目的对老年性白内障患者进行健康宣教,以提高患者疾病知识的掌握程度,提高患者的术后生活质量。

方法通过多种健康教育的方式，提高老年性白内障患者对与白内障手术的认知，观察进行其对疾病掌握程度。

结果健康教育前后能够了解白内障相关知识、了解白内障治疗方法、能按医嘱服药、掌握饮食与休息原则、熟悉出院后的注意事项的患者比率的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。

结论健康教育能够提高患者对了解白内障相关知识、了解白内障治疗方法、能按医嘱服药、掌握饮食与休息原则、熟悉出院后的注意事项的认识。

有利于手术的进行和疾病的康复。

【关键词】老年人;白内障;健康教育senile cataract patients with health educationzhang xiang-an li zhaohui 2【abstract】objective to carry out health in patients with senile cataract missionary in order to improve patient knowledge and mastery of the disease, increase patient's postoperative quality of life. methods of health education through a variety of ways to improve age-related cataract patients with cataract surgery of awareness, observe the conduct of its graspthe extent of the disease. the results before and after health education to understand the cataract-related knowledge and understanding of cataract treatment, medication can be directed by your doctor to master the principles of diet and rest are familiar withpost-discharge patients note statistically significant difference in the ratio (p <0.01). conclusion health education can improve patient understanding of cataract-related knowledge and understanding of cataract treatment, medication can be directed by your doctor to master the principles of diet and rest are familiar with post-discharge note knowledge. is conducive to the conduct of surgery and illness recovery.【key words】aged; cataract; health education白内障是世界上首位的致盲眼病，全球约有1600万人因白内障而致盲，白内障致盲约占整个致盲的一半，老年性白内障是白内障的一种主要的分类，老年性白内障主要是由于随年龄的增长而逐渐出现的退行性改变，在我国老年性白内障的患病率非常高，如何防治老年性白内障已经成了了一个重要的问题，但是目前尚无很好的药物能够根治白内障或完全阻止或延缓白内障的发展，而手术治疗是唯一治愈白内障的有效方法［1］。

房角镜引导下的白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术的临床效果分析

房角镜引导下的白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术的临床效果分析葛金玲;陈元芝;靳文燕【摘要】目的：评价房角镜引导下的白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术的临床效果。

方法回顾性分析2015年7月～12月我院收治的原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）伴白内障患者61例（61只眼），术中应用Goldman房角镜指导房角分离术。

结果术后视力均较术前提高；术中1例发生后囊膜破裂；术前前房角关闭的象限术后有不同程度的开放，原先粘连的前房角已分离；术前用药后眼压（24.58±3.14）mm Hg，术后眼压降至（14.02±3.75）mm Hg，差异有统计学意义，P＜0.05；术后3只眼眼压持续增高，应用0.5%噻吗心安滴眼液2次/d，眼压降至正常。

结论超声乳化联合Goldman房角镜下前房角分离术能指导前房角的开放，手术精准性强，前房角分离效果观察及时，并发症少。

%Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of phacoemulsiifcation combined with phacoemulsiifcation in the treatment of cataract.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on61 cases (61 eyes) with primary angle closure glaucoma with cataract inour hospital from July to December 2015.Results Postoperative visual acuity was improved compared with preoperative. Intraoperative posterior capsule rupture occurred in 1 cases. Ppreoperative anterior chamber angle closure quadrant operation have different degrees of openness, original adhesion of anterior chamber angle have been isolated; preoperative IOP after treatment (24.58±3.14) mm Hg, postoperative IOP (14.02±3.75) mm Hg, and the difference was statistically signiifcant,P<0.05. Postoperative 3 eyes IOP continued to increase, with 0.5% timololtimolol eye drops twiceday, the intraocular pressure returned to normal.Conclusion Phacoemulsification combined with anterior chamber angle separation can guide the opening of the anterior chamber angle, the accuracy of the operation is strong, the separation effect of the anterior chamber angle is observed in time, and the complications are less.【期刊名称】《中国继续医学教育》【年(卷),期】2016(008)017【总页数】2页(P97-98)【关键词】闭角型青光眼;白内障;房角分离术;Goldman房角镜【作者】葛金玲;陈元芝;靳文燕【作者单位】山东省济南市明水眼科医院眼科，山东济南 250200;山东省济南市明水眼科医院眼科，山东济南 250200;山东省济南市明水眼科医院眼科，山东济南 250200【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R779原发性闭角型青光眼的发病与眼前段解剖结构拥挤有密切的相关性，在外在或内在促发因素的作用下，虹膜与小梁网发生位置性接触或器质性粘连，房水引流受阻，继而导致眼压升高。

(整理)发表论文著作情况.

2008年发表论文著作情况论文：SCI收录论文：1、Hongsheng Bi,Yan Cui,Xiaohua Ma,Wanting Cai,Guimin Wang,Peng Ji,XiaofengXie.Early clinical evaluation of AcrySofReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens fortreatment of cataract.OPHTHALMOLOGICA.V ol.222,No.1,2008，11-16中华医学会系列杂志发表论文：1、论文题目：西咪替丁对心脏体外循环术后患者红细胞免疫的调节作用论文作者：郭巍康艳邹承伟王安彪杜亮范全心发表期刊：《中华实验外科杂志》2008，25（2）2、论文题目:有害气体中毒应用高压氧疗时效的分析及护理论文作者：田敏高玲施新娟张丽柳文清发表期刊：《国际护理学杂志》2008，27（3）：245-2473、论文题目:双吻合器在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的应用论文作者：张春生发表期刊：《中国基层医药》2008，15（4）：633-6344、论文题目:机械通气和床旁血液滤过联合用于急危重症患者的护理论文作者：刘怡芝吕利明王伯霞张会清张曼茹发表期刊：《中国实用护理杂志》2008，24（4）：18-195、论文题目:挫伤性睫状体脱离早期手术治疗的临床观察论文作者：刘冬梅蔡宛亭毕宏生吴建峰发表期刊：《中国实用眼科杂志》2007，25（13）：114-1166、论文题目:逆行灌注对心脏瓣膜置换术患者血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1、可溶性P-选择素和心肌肌钙蛋白I的影响论文作者：常忠路何金涛张衍鲁陈忠堂乔衍礼孙亮陈庆伟发表期刊：《中国医师进修杂志》2008，31（8）：3-57、论文题目:卡介苗多糖核酸通过抑制支气管哮喘小鼠核因子kB影响支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞因子水平的研究论文作者：陈文靖杨琳红董亮付明发表期刊：《国际呼吸杂志》2008，28（12）：720-724 核心期刊发表论文：1、论文题目：电针对不同证型不孕症患者体外受精-胚胎移植作用的研究论文作者：崔薇刘莉莉孙伟孔伟发表期刊：《中国针灸》2008，28（4）：254-2562、论文题目：产后无痛性甲状腺炎28例分析论文作者：姚春莉刘媛发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（2）：480-4813、论文题目：尿微量白蛋白水平与糖尿病合并冠心病患者心功能的相关性分析论文作者：张晓野郭战利左岩霞高靖发表期刊：《山东医药》2008，48（2）：51-524、论文题目：血脂康联合力平脂治疗混合性高脂血症临床观察论文作者：刘媛雷咏震姚春莉发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（3）：535-5365、论文题目：影响妇科疾病的产科因素分析论文作者：尹林发表期刊：《中国妇幼保健》2008，23（1）：24-266、论文题目：济南市区1238例儿童Hp抗体检测结果分析论文作者：周小麟刘艳萍王元贤李红发表期刊：《山东医药》2008，48（4）：97-987、论文题目：升脉养心颗粒调节免疫、抗病毒疗效观察论文作者：周小麟王元贤李红尹林王立琴发表期刊：《山东中医杂志》2008，27（2）：97-998、论文题目：浅谈医院健康体检信息系统开发的必要性论文作者：张英郭青发表期刊：《中国医疗设备》2008，23（1）：79-809、论文题目：阿魏酸钠辅助治疗慢性心功能不全34例疗效观察论文作者：王萍韩艳丽发表期刊：《山东医药》2008，48（2）：7910、论文题目：双波长法测定强力治癫散中卡马西平的含量论文作者：王雷刘冀清薛庆林韩春超刘启萍发表期刊：《现代中西医结合杂志》2008，17（2）：175-17611、论文题目：肺癌血清基质金属蛋白酶-2及其组织抑制因子的表达论文作者：李慧梅肖伟曹爱芳王君王岷赵东发表期刊：《肿瘤学杂志》2008，14（3）：210-21212、论文题目：糖尿病非酮症高渗性昏迷患者的预后与有效渗透压的关系论文作者：卢钦安刘杉胡宝森发表期刊：《临床急诊杂志》2008，9（1）：38-3913、论文题目：2种血浆代用品扩容作用比较及对凝血功能的影响论文作者：冯堃张涛发表期刊：《中国药房》2008，19（5）：366-36814、论文题目：肺抑瘤合剂对小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞周期蛋白D1表达影响的实验研究论文作者：闫瑢玓张宇郑翠娥发表期刊：《天津中医药》2008，25（2）：150-15215、论文题目：96例医院内下呼吸道真菌感染临床分析论文作者：周小麟发表期刊：《现代中西医结合杂志》2008年5月：1981-198216、论文题目：大咯血89例护理体会论文作者：焦其英曹爱芳顾群高莲英杨景梅发表期刊：《齐鲁护理杂志》2008，13（15）：40-4117、论文题目：短暂脑缺血性发作68例分析论文作者：马莉发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（13）3181-318218、论文题目：细胞周期素D在中央型肺癌中的表达与其MSCT征象的相关性研究1论文作者：李雯汤祎王滨发表期刊：《医学影像学杂志》2008，18（4）334-33719、论文题目：中西医结合治疗高血压肾病伴氮质血症26例论文作者：张晓斌孔德坤付明发表期刊：《中医杂志》2008，49（4）33620、论文题目：丹黄降氮汤治疗高血压病早期肾功能损害论文作者：张晓斌孔德坤付明发表期刊：《山东中医杂志》2008，27（246）234-23521、论文题目：心理干预对住院冠心病患者生活质量的影响论文作者：辛玉杰孟祥华沈艳萍发表期刊：《中国健康心理学杂志》2008，16（5）571-57322、论文题目：胆道驱蛔汤治疗胆道蛔虫病论文作者：王元贤发表期刊：《山东中医杂志》2008，27（245）：17323、论文题目：阿米巴肝脓肿102例治疗分析论文作者：王元贤周小麟李红尹林发表期刊：《山东医药》2008，48（12）：9224、论文题目：帕罗西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁症疗效研究论文作者：李霞贺燕王昕发表期刊：《神经疾病与精神卫生》2008，8（1）：51-5325、论文题目： 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Scorpio后稳定膝关节假体治疗严重骨关节炎28例分析论文作者：窦怀洲赵兴举孙水发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（18）：4494-449527、论文题目：短节段Barrett食管的胃镜及病理资料分析论文作者：欧阳建东高靖程留芳发表期刊：《中华保健医学杂志》2008，10（1）：35-3728、论文题目：经皮肾镜取石术后并发肾动脉出血的介入治疗论文作者：任永才许维亮马文尊尹爱群付明发表期刊：《医学影像学杂志》2008，18（5）：518-52029、论文题目：“糖肾复元汤”联合雷公藤多甙片治疗糖尿病肾病40例临床研究论文作者：司廷林陈济德侯慧珍发表期刊：《江苏中医药》2008，40（8）：30-3130、论文题目：糖尿病足患者血浆活化蛋白C抵抗、蛋白C和蛋白S活性的测定论文作者：侯慧珍司廷林发表期刊：《医学检验与临床》2008，19（3）：18-1931、论文题目：伊班磷酸钠治疗老年糖尿病骨质疏松症62例论文作者：马莉发表期刊：《实用医学杂志》2008，24（7）：249-25032、论文题目：脊柱转移瘤外科治疗的临床分析论文作者：窦怀洲赵兴举王琛发表期刊：《中华肿瘤防治杂志》2008，15（11）：858-86033、论文题目：非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量评价论文作者：毕宏生刘冬梅蔡婉婷马晓华解孝锋季鹏王桂敏发表期刊：《眼科新进展》2008，28（1）：43-4534、论文题目：茶多酚的防治STZ诱导的大鼠糖尿病性白内障的机制论文作者：毕宏生，李树杰，崔彦，王慧发表期刊：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2008，22（1）：1-535、论文题目：雌二醇对牛视网膜毛细血管内皮细胞VEGF、HIF-1α的调控论文作者：马晓华毕宏生李镜海解孝锋吴建峰季鹏发表期刊：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2008，22（1）：6-936、论文题目：超声乳化术治疗葡萄膜炎并发性白内障39例论文作者：蔡婉婷毕宏生吴建峰解孝锋刘冬梅发表期刊：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2008，22（1）：10-12，转1637、论文题目：那他霉素滴眼液辅助角膜移植治疗顽固真菌性角膜溃疡论文作者：温莹王兴荣毕宏生张建华发表期刊：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2008，22（1）：23-2438、论文题目：提高多焦点人工晶状体植入患者的满意度论文作者：毕宏生发表期刊：《眼科》2008，17（2）：76-7839、论文题目：透明角膜切口位置对人工晶状体眼高阶像差的影响论文作者：刘冬梅毕宏生蔡婉婷吴建峰季鹏王桂敏发表期刊：《眼科》2008，17（2）：86-8840、论文题目：高原地区白内障超声乳化及囊外摘除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术临床观察论文作者：毕宏生解孝锋王兴荣刘冬梅刘翠红发表期刊：《中国中医眼科杂志》2008，18（3）：160-16241、论文题目：中药治疗角膜移植免疫排斥反应的研究进展论文作者：解孝锋毕宏生发表期刊：《中国中医眼科杂志》2008，18（2）：120-12242、论文题目：巨噬细胞游走抑制因子过表达和结肠癌血管发生的关系论文作者：郭恩浦王瑜叶航王晓山发表期刊：《河北医药》2008，30（7）：923-92543、论文题目：1997-2006年山东省布加综合征人群分布的研究论文作者：郭恩浦张辉张帆祖懋衡汪忠镐郭成浩发表期刊：《中国现代普通外科进展》2008，11（4）：305-30844、论文题目：经颅多普勒对糖尿病患者脑血管病变的临床诊断价值论文作者：刘冀清周方付明李海囡发表期刊：《临床误诊误治》2008，21（7）：15-1645、论文题目：糖尿病酮症酸中毒并发急性上消化道出血19例分析论文作者：李胜男宋爱玲发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（18）：4505-450646、论文题目：中西医结合治疗大肠癌临床效果分析论文作者：郭恩浦王瑜发表期刊：《河北医药》2008，30（10）：1608-160947、论文题目：Barrett食管的内镜表现及病理资料分析论文作者：高靖欧阳建东赵振涛张晓野发表期刊：《现代医学》2008，36（4）：290-29248、论文题目：CK7、CK20对短节段Barrett食管与贲门部肠上皮化生的诊断价值探讨论文作者：欧阳建东高靖程留芳发表期刊：《实用临床医药杂志》2008，12（3）：49-5349、论文题目：新癀片内服外用治疗口腔扁平苔藓的疗效观察论文作者：杨春惠姚丽杨桂梅发表期刊：《中华当代医学与临床》2008年5月第5期：31-3250、论文题目：青年人急性心肌梗死22例分析论文作者：周小麟发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（29）：7293-729451、论文题目：基于PACS的医学图像压缩技术的实验研究论文作者：杨德文刘易俗丁鹏发表期刊：《中国医学影像学杂志》2008，16（5）：363-36752、论文题目：肺结核合并糖尿病48例分析论文作者：王星发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（10）：2439-244053、论文题目：当归四逆汤治疗疑难病症验案3则论文作者：张晓斌孔得坤发表期刊：《上海中医药杂志》2008，42（9）：29-3054、论文题目：中西医结合治疗严重Pilon骨折37例论文作者：窦怀洲王文波发表期刊：《山东中医杂志》2008，27（8）：540-54155、论文题目：2005-2007年我院营养支持药物使用情况分析论文作者：冯堃张涛发表期刊：《中国医院用药》2008，8（6）：438-44056、论文题目：脑卒中吞咽功能障碍55例早期的康复护理论文作者：王薏杨宏高连英发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（29）：717557、论文题目：支气管哮喘68例观察及护理论文作者：杨宏范书英刘宏发表期刊：《中国误诊学杂志》2008，8（26）：6485-648658、论文题目：同周期同胞卵研究早期实施补救ICSI价值的探讨论文作者：管群张琪瑶孔风云杨伟娜闻姬孙伟发表期刊：《现代妇产科进展》2008，17（8）：582-58459、论文题目：八正合剂联合十一酸睾酮治疗CNP所致不育70例分析论文作者：张斌孙伟闻姬崔薇发表期刊：《山东医药》2008，48（26）：1460、论文题目：供应室护士职业防护现状的调查分析论文作者：于静杨永淑发表期刊：《实用预防医学》2008，15（3）：764其它杂志发表论文：1、论文题目：右冠状动脉-左心室瘘一例论文作者：常忠路陈忠堂陈庆伟乔衍礼孙亮张衍鲁发表期刊：《中国心血管杂志》2008，13（1）77-782、论文题目：医护关系和谐平等在临床工作中的重要性论文作者：张在美韩燕发表期刊：《中国护理杂志》2008，6（2）：92-933、论文题目：Profile 镍钛机用根管器械配合Naclo和EDTA冲洗液组合进行后牙根管治疗的效果评价论文作者：赵戈杨桂梅发表期刊：《中国现代药物应用》2008，2（6）：41-424、论文题目：76例法洛四联症的外科治疗经验论文作者：乔衍礼陈庆伟常忠路孙亮发表期刊：《泸州医学院学报》2008，31（1）：74-765、论文题目：31例染色体多态性与生殖异常的关系论文作者：杨丽霞张琪瑶孙伟于庆发表期刊：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2008，16（4）：38-396、论文题目：淫羊藿的研究新进展论文作者：王爱华发表期刊：《中国医疗前沿》2008，3（6）：13-147、论文题目：血液透析患者贫血的治疗近况论文作者：高慧吕利明发表期刊：《中国保健》2008，16（6）：204-2058、论文题目：早期成人股骨头缺血坏死的对比影像学诊断研究论文作者：李秀红李雯李德勇许维亮发表期刊：《中国中西医结合影像学杂志》2008，6（2）：100-1039、论文题目：舒适护理在临终患者中的应用论文作者：薛凤英石绍霞发表期刊：《中国医药指南》2008，6（4）：25-2710、论文题目：消毒供应社会化的成本效益分析论文作者：于静发表期刊：《中外医疗》2008，27（8）：8-911、论文题目：年轻女性子宫内膜癌56例临床病理分析论文作者：夏星发表期刊：《中国实用医药》2008，3（12）：15-1612、论文题目： Barrett食管诊断研究进展论文作者：欧阳建东高靖程留芳发表期刊：《实用医药杂志》2008，25（4）：485-48613、论文题目：前列腺素E1联合弥可保治疗糖尿病周围神经病变论文作者：姚春莉李胜男发表期刊：《中外健康文摘》2008，4（5）：36-3714、论文题目：内镜直视下灌注邦亭治疗老年下消化道出血32例临床观察论文作者：杨军隋燕发表期刊：《中国保健》医学研究版2008，16（17）：76715、论文题目：紫草油提取工艺的研究论文作者：李玉鸣韩英华石峻峰发表期刊：《中华中医药学刊》2008，26（4）：861-86216、论文题目： 2型糖尿病患者血清廋素和白介素-6检测的研究论文作者：陈捷发表期刊：《中外健康文摘》2008年6月第6期：36-3717、论文题目：门诊中成药处方书写推行标准化的调查与分析论文作者：王爱华宋辉发表期刊：《中国实用医药》2008，3（22）：190-19218、论文题目：奥美拉唑联合云南白药治疗儿童应激性溃疡的临床研究论文作者：王进王明月徐文菊孔春妍发表期刊：《现代医药卫生》2008，24（12）：1772-177319、论文题目：中心型肺癌P53蛋白的表达与其MSCT征象的相关性分析论文作者：李雯李秀红王滨发表期刊：《中国中西医结合影像学杂志》2008，6（4）：266-26820、论文题目：高血压病患者经颅多普勒超声改变论文作者：刘冀清付明发表期刊：《临床和实验医学杂志》2008，7（5）：111-11221、论文题目：脑外伤后抑郁/焦虑对脑外伤预后的影响及综合治疗论文作者：戴宏伟于筠韩克捷阎永周宾发表期刊：《中华医学实践杂志》2008，7（6）：485-48822、论文题目：基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制因子在肺癌中的表达及临床意义论文作者：李慧梅付明陈文靖杨琳红赵东肖伟发表期刊：《中国现代医生》2008，46（25）：12-1323、论文题目：血清ADA和CRP联合检测对肺结核、肺癌诊断及鉴别诊断的价值论文作者：王星发表期刊：《中国实用医药》2008，3（12）：19-2024、论文题目：循证护理对晚期肿瘤压疮防护的影响论文作者：薛凤英石绍霞发表期刊：《泰山医学院学报》2008，29（6）：458-45925、论文题目：护理缺陷的发生与防范论文作者：姜玉娥发表期刊：《护理实践与研究》2008，4（11）：60-6126、论文题目：产科护理中潜在的不安全因素与防范对策论文作者：姜玉娥发表期刊：《护理实践与研究》2008，4（5）：66-6727、论文题目：血清IL-2、IL-8及TNF-a水平在2型糖尿病肾病患者中的变化及意义论文作者：姚春莉发表期刊：《中国实用医药》2008，3（24）：39-4028、论文题目：综合治疗中枢神经损伤后肢体痉挛论文作者：冷军贾海涛陈勇李丽赵盈董博邢淑珍李正发表期刊：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2008，12（增刊）：6-729、论文题目：某地区体检者脂肪肝及高血脂检出率分析论文作者：王元贤周小麟李红发表期刊：《中国实用医药》2008，3（24）：206-20730、论文题目：糖肾复元汤对大鼠早期糖尿病肾脏损害疗效的实验研究论文作者：陈济德司廷林侯慧珍孟勤高连英王明琴陈宸发表期刊：《中国医药导报》2008，5（24）：30-3131、论文题目：糖肾复元汤治疗糖尿病肾病临床研究论文作者：陈济德司廷林孟勤侯慧珍高连英王明琴陈宸发表期刊：《中国医药导报》2008，5（25）：80-8132、论文题目：益肾降氮汤对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾功能及脑组织损伤疗效的实验研究论文作者：陈济德司廷林侯慧珍陈宸孟勤路华发表期刊：《中国医药导报》2008，5（26）：25-2733、论文题目：颅内多发动静脉畸形论文作者：周瑸冷冰宋冬雷田彦龙发表期刊：《中国临床神经科学》2008，16（5）：472-476著作：1、《临床危重病与疑难病》：内蒙古科技出版社，2008年3月主编：王秋燕夏星李秀红副主编：解秀珍2、《职业病中独与急救》：天津科学技术出版社，2008年1月主编：孔令敏王星郑长林3、《康复医学》（全国高等医学院校教材）：上海科学技术出版社，2008年6月编委：李丽4、《康复疗法学》（全国高等医学院校教材）：上海科学技术出版社，2008年1月编委：李丽5、《社区康复治疗师手册》：山东科学技术出版社，2008年6月主编：李丽6、《新编儿童保健指南》：山东科学技术出版社，2008年8月副主编：郭春艳7、《现代肺癌诊疗学》：吉林科学技术出版社，2008年3月主编：王君杨琳红陈文靖8、《视光学理论和方法实验指导》：山东中医药大学自编教材，2008年6月主编：毕宏生王兴荣马晓华吴建锋李忠恩姜剑林潇9、《神经病学》：山东中医药大学自编教材，2008年6月主编：庄慧魁副主编：付明10、《康复工程学》：(普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材)：上海科学技术出版社，2008年8月副主编：李丽11、《现代诊疗全书妇产科分册》：中国科学技术出版社，2008年8月主编：王秋燕科教科二OO八年八月二十五日。

白内障贫困申请书范文

白内障贫困申请书范文Cataracts are a prevalent eye condition that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly those living in poverty. The impact of cataracts on individuals and communities is significant, as it not only affects one's vision but also hinders their ability to perform daily activities, work, and contribute to society. This problem requires urgent attention and support to alleviate the burden on those suffering from cataracts in impoverished regions.From a medical perspective, cataracts are a clouding of the lens in the eye, leading to blurred vision and, if left untreated, can ultimately result in blindness. The condition can be caused by various factors such as aging, genetics, or exposure to certain environmental elements. Unfortunately, individuals living in poverty often lack access to proper healthcare services, including eye screenings and treatment for cataracts. This results in a higher prevalence of cataracts in impoverished communities,exacerbating the cycle of poverty and hindering economic development.The socioeconomic impact of cataracts on individuals and communities cannot be understated. Impoverished individuals with cataracts face numerous challenges intheir daily lives. Their ability to work and earn a living is severely affected, leading to increased financial strain and perpetuating the cycle of poverty. Additionally, cataracts can limit one's independence and ability to engage in social activities, leading to feelings of isolation and decreased overall well-being.The burden of cataracts extends beyond the individual level and impacts the community as a whole. Impoverished communities with a high prevalence of cataracts face economic setbacks as a significant portion of their population is unable to contribute to the workforce. This not only hampers the community's development but also puts additional strain on already limited resources. Moreover, the lack of access to proper eye care services further widens the gap between impoverished regions and moreaffluent areas, perpetuating existing inequalities.Addressing the issue of cataracts in impoverished regions requires a comprehensive approach. Firstly, thereis a need for increased awareness and education about cataracts, its causes, and available treatment options.This can be achieved through community outreach programs, health campaigns, and partnerships with local organizations. Additionally, efforts should be made to improve access to affordable and quality eye care services, including screenings, diagnosis, and surgical interventions. This can be achieved by collaborating with international organizations, governments, and local healthcare providersto establish eye care facilities and train healthcare professionals in cataract treatment.Furthermore, financial support is crucial to ensurethat individuals living in poverty can access the necessary treatment for cataracts. This can be achieved through the establishment of funding programs, grants, and subsidies specifically targeted at cataract treatment for impoverished individuals. Additionally, partnerships withphilanthropic organizations and corporations can help mobilize resources and provide financial aid to those in need.In conclusion, cataracts pose a significant burden on individuals and communities living in poverty. The impact of this condition extends beyond vision impairment and affects various aspects of life, including economic productivity, social engagement, and overall well-being. Addressing this problem requires a multi-faceted approach that includes raising awareness, improving access to eye care services, and providing financial support. By prioritizing the needs of individuals suffering from cataracts in impoverished regions, we can work towards reducing the burden of this condition and promoting social and economic development.。

白内障的英文作文

白内障的英文作文英文：Cataract is a common eye disease that affects many people, especially the elderly. It is a condition where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, causing blurred vision and difficulty in seeing clearly. In this essay, I will discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatments of cataracts.Causes:Cataracts are primarily caused by aging, but they can also be caused by other factors such as genetics, injury, and certain medications. As we age, the proteins in the lens of the eye begin to break down, causing the lens to become cloudy. This cloudiness makes it difficult for light to pass through the lens, resulting in blurred vision.Symptoms:The symptoms of cataracts include blurry or cloudy vision, difficulty seeing at night or in low light, sensitivity to light and glare, and seeing halos around lights. As the cataract progresses, the vision becomes more and more impaired, and it can eventually lead to blindness if left untreated.Treatments:The only effective treatment for cataracts is surgery. During the surgery, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial lens. The surgery is generally safe and effective, and most patients experience improved vision afterwards. However, there are some risks associated with the surgery, such as infection and bleeding.In addition to surgery, there are also some lifestyle changes that can help prevent cataracts from developing or progressing. These include wearing sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV rays, eating a healthy diet rich in antioxidants, and quitting smoking.中文：白内障是一种常见的眼病，影响了许多人，特别是老年人。

对比分析超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗白内障的不同效果

对比分析超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗白内障的不同效果发布时间：2021-03-22T02:45:07.590Z 来源：《健康世界》2020年16期作者：李志胜[导读] 目的探讨超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗白内障的不同效果。

方法将50例于2020年1月－12月收治的白内障患者纳入研究，并以在本院建档单双日均分成AB两组。

予以A组超声乳化手术治疗，B组小切口非超声乳化手术治疗，对比两组手术疗效。

结果在术后患者视力恢复情况对比上，两组不具对比价值（P>0.05）；李志胜望奎县中医院 152100摘要：目的探讨超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗白内障的不同效果。

方法将50例于2020年1月－12月收治的白内障患者纳入研究，并以在本院建档单双日均分成AB两组。

予以A组超声乳化手术治疗，B组小切口非超声乳化手术治疗，对比两组手术疗效。

结果在术后患者视力恢复情况对比上，两组不具对比价值（P>0.05）；在术后并发症发生率及治疗费用对比上，B组均低于A组，对比有统计学意义（P<0.05）。

结论超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗白内障均有显著疗效，可有效改善患者视力，但是后者的安全性更高，且价格较低，具有较高应用价值。

关键词：超声乳化手术；小切口非超声乳化手术；白内障；并发症[Abstract] Objective To investigate the different effects of phacoemulsification and small incision non phacoemulsification in the treatment of cataract.Methods 50 cases of cataract patients admitted to our hospital from January to December 2020 were included in the study，and were divided into two groups according to the single and double days of filing in our hospital.Group A was treated with phacoemulsification and group B was treated with small incision non phacoemulsification.Results in the comparison of postoperative visual acuity recovery，the two groups had no comparative value（P > 0.05）；in the comparison of postoperative complication rate and treatment cost，group B was lower than group A，the comparison was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.Conclusion phacoemulsification and small incision non phacoemulsification are effective in the treatment of cataract，which can effectively improve the visual acuity of patients，but the latter has higher safety，lower price and higher application value.[Key words] phacoemulsification；small incision non phacoemulsification；cataract；complications白内障属于眼科常见疾病之一，临床常开展超声乳化手术治疗，存有操作简单、恢复迅速等特点，但术后极易合并并发症，进而延长康复时间【1-2】。

白内障专家共识和指南2017

白内障专家共识和指南2017英文回答：Cataracts are a common eye condition that affects the clarity of vision. As a cataract specialist, I am often asked about the latest consensus and guidelines for managing cataracts in 2017. In this response, I will provide an overview of the key recommendations and guidelines.Firstly, it is important to understand that cataract surgery is the only effective treatment for cataracts. The procedure involves removing the cloudy lens and replacingit with an artificial lens. The decision to undergo surgery is based on the severity of symptoms and the impact ondaily activities. In general, if cataracts significantly impair vision and affect quality of life, surgery is recommended.The timing of cataract surgery is an importantconsideration. In the past, it was believed that cataracts should be "ripe" before surgery. However, this is no longer the case. With advancements in surgical techniques and lens implants, cataract surgery can now be performed at any stage of cataract development. In fact, delaying surgery unnecessarily can lead to worsening vision and increased surgical risks.Another important aspect of cataract surgery is the choice of intraocular lens (IOL). There are different types of IOLs available, including monofocal, multifocal, and toric lenses. The choice of IOL depends on various factors, such as the patient's visual needs, lifestyle, and any pre-existing eye conditions. For example, a patient who wants to reduce dependence on glasses for both distance and near vision may opt for a multifocal lens.Post-operative care is also crucial for successful outcomes. Patients are advised to follow the surgeon's instructions regarding eye drops, avoiding strenuous activities, and protecting the eyes from sunlight and dust. Regular follow-up visits are scheduled to monitor healingand address any concerns.Now, let's switch to the Chinese language to provide a response in Chinese.中文回答：白内障是一种常见的眼部疾病，会影响视力的清晰度。

普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗白内障术后炎症与非感染性眼前段炎症的临床疗效观察

普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗白内障术后炎症与非感染性眼前段炎症的临床疗效观察【摘要】目的：探讨普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗白内障术后炎症和非感染性眼前段炎症患者的临床效果。

方法：随机选择2018年3月至2021年10月我院收治的白内障术后炎症和非感染性眼前段炎症患者86例，将其分为实验组与参照组，每组43例。

其中，参照组采用欧可芬滴眼液治疗，实验组应用普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗，对比2组眼部症状评分及治疗前后眼部体征参数。

结果：治疗1日2组患者眼部症状评分无显著差异（P＞0.05），实验组治疗7日及15日后眼部症状评分明显低于参照组，差异明显（P＜0.05）。

治疗前2组前房闪辉值及黄斑中心厚度差异性较低（P＞0.05），实验组治疗后前房闪辉及黄斑中心厚度明显优于参照组，两者差异明显（P＜0.05）。

结论：普拉洛芬滴眼液在治疗白内障术后炎症和非感染性眼前段炎症方面具有显著疗效，能够缓解患者疾病症状，应予以临床推广。

【关键词】白内障术后炎症；非感染性眼前段炎症；普拉洛芬滴眼液[Abstract]Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of pralprofen eye drops in the treatment of postoperative cataract inflammation and non-infectious anterior segment inflammation.Methods: a total of 86 patients with postoperative cataract inflammation and non-infectious anterior segment inflammation admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to October 2021 were randomly selected and pided into experimental group and reference group Results: There was no significant difference in eye symptom scores between the two groups on the first day of treatment (P > 0.05), and the score of eye symptom scores in the experimental group on the seventh and fifteenth day after treatment was significantly lower than that in the referencegroup (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the experimental group had significantly better anterior chamber flash value and macular center thickness than the reference group, the difference was significant (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Pralprofen eye drops have significant efficacy in the treatment of postoperative cataract inflammation and non-infectious anterior segment inflammation, which can relieve the symptoms of patients, and should be promoted in clinic.[Key words]Cataract postoperative inflammation; Noninfectious anterior segmental inflammation; Pralprofen eye drops作为非甾体类消炎药，普拉洛芬是丙酸衍生物之一，其主要功效在于消炎、镇痛、清热等等，普拉洛芬滴眼液能够抑制患者前列腺素分泌，并稳定患者细胞膜活性，从而改善患者结膜肿胀症状[1]。

中波紫外线诱导SD大鼠白内障模型的实验研究的开题报告

中波紫外线诱导SD大鼠白内障模型的实验研究的开题报告【摘要】白内障是一种常见的眼部疾病，其中老年性白内障是人类最常见的致盲性疾病之一。

目前，尚不能完全治疗白内障，因此预防和治疗白内障已成为一个热门的研究领域。

本研究旨在建立一种中波紫外线（UVB）诱导SD大鼠白内障模型，并探索其机制。

本实验采用SD大鼠为模型，分为对照组和实验组。

实验组将接受中波UVB照射，而对照组则不接受照射。

通过检测大鼠眼组织的丙二醛（MDA）水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性来评估模型的建立。

同时，采用电镜观察和金字塔棕榈酸染色法检测大鼠晶状体的形态学变化。

预计本研究可以建立一种有效的SD大鼠白内障模型，并且可以探索中波UVB诱导白内障的机制，为白内障的预防和治疗提供新的思路。

【关键词】SD大鼠；白内障模型；中波紫外线；机制；预防；治疗【Abstract】Cataract is a common eye disease, and age-related cataract is one of the most common causes of blindness in humans. Currently, there is no complete cure for cataracts, so prevention and treatment of cataracts have become a hot research topic. The aim of this study is to establish a middle wavelength ultraviolet radiation (UVB) inducedcataract model in SD rats and explore its mechanism.SD rats were used as the model, and were divided into control group and experimental group. The experimental group received UVB radiation, while the control group did not. The establishment of the model was evaluated by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in rat eye tissues. Meanwhile, the morphological changes of the rat lens were observed by electron microscopy and pyramid palm acid staining.It is expected that this study can establish an effective cataract model in SD rats and explore the mechanism of middle wavelength UVB-induced cataract, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cataracts.【Keywords】SD rats; cataract model; middle wavelength ultraviolet radiation; mechanism; prevention; treatment.。

常见手术名称中英对照

常见手术名称中英对照手术指医生用医疗器械对病人身体进行切除、缝合等治疗，以刀、剪、针等器械在人体局部进行操作，是外科的主要治疗方法，俗称“开刀”。

接下来小编为大家整理常见手术名称中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!amputation 截肢arthrodesis 关节固定术curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术external fixation 外固定fasciotomy 筋膜切开术free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植internal fixation 内固定plaster cast 石膏管形plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术reduction of fracture 骨折复位reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位repair if ligament 韧带修补replantation if digit断指再植skeletal traction 骨牵引tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术Thoracic Surgery 胸外科General Sugery 普外appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流enterostomy 肠造口术exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术gastrectomy 胃切除术gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatectomy 肝切除术herniorrhaphy 疝修补术ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy 胰切除术portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty 幽门成形术mastectomy 乳房切除术splenectomy 脾切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy 迷走神经切断术Orthopedics 骨科aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流complete intracardiac repair of Fallot's Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查heart transplantation 心脏移植heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus食管部分切除、重建repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy 心包切除术peicardiotomy 心包切开术pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术Urology 泌尿科cystoplasty 膀胱成形术cystostomy 膀胱造口术nephrectomy 肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术nephrolithotomy肾石切除术orchiectomy睾丸切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术renal biopsy肾活检renal transplantation肾移植urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除urethroplasty 尿道成形术vasoligation 输精管结扎术Neurosurgery 神经外科decompression 减压术excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术lobectomy (脑)叶切除术removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术Dentistry 牙科dental prosthetics 镶牙filling 牙填充orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术periodontal treatment 牙周治疗tooth extraction 拔牙Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术induction of labor 引产术ovarian cystectomy 助产术oophorectomy 卵巢切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术sterilization 绝育术uterine curetlage 刮宫术vulvectomy 外阴切除术Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位corneal grafting 角膜移植enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术lens extraction 晶体摘除mastoidectomy 乳突切开术myringotomy 鼓膜切开术myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术septoplasty (鼻)中隔成形术sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术tympanoplasty 鼓室成形术。

地夸磷索钠联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症的疗效研究

103 Journal of China Prescription Drug Vol.18 No.7·疗效评价·随着我国人口老龄化日趋严峻，近些年老年白内障患者也急剧增加。

目前采用超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术是治疗白内障的一个有效方法，但在手术后痊愈过程中，术眼容易出现干眼症状。

据统计，约30%的白内障手术后患有干眼症，这可能与白内障手术前使用带有防腐剂的滴眼液及手术过程中泪膜出现机械性损伤从而导致泪膜稳定性下降等原因有关。

干眼症会一定程度上降低患者生活质量，甚至可能会导致出现严重的角膜疾病，因此，白内障术后干眼的研究成为主要关注的领域之一。

目前临床上通常采用药物治疗来缓解患者术后干眼症状，已取得一定效果，但没有彻底解决干眼症状，而玻璃酸钠是构成玻璃体的重要成分，能够促进角膜细胞恢复，同时地夸磷索钠具有促进黏蛋白的分泌的功能。

相关研究表明，地夸磷索钠联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液能够加快术后泪膜稳定性修复，缓解干眼症状[1]，本文主要研究地夸磷索钠联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液对白内障手术后出现的干眼症的治疗效果，具体研究分析如下。

1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料选取我院2018年12月～2019年12月期间住院治疗的白内障手术后干眼症患者54例，采用随机分组法分为观察组和对照组，各27例，其中观察组年龄为55～74岁，平均（62.85 ±8.54）岁；对照组年龄为53～75岁，平均（63.16±8.73）岁；两者在年龄、性别等方面分布不具有差异性，排除其他影响眼表功能的疾病等因素影响，所有治疗眼均采用白内障超声乳化＋人工晶体植入术方案。

1.2 方法所有手术患者在术前3 d均对术眼滴左氧氟沙星滴眼液，每天4次，手术时采用3 mm角膜手术切口，在完成白内障超声乳化吸除后（常规手术步骤），在囊袋内植入折叠式人工晶状体，术后1 d起，两组均使用0.3%玻璃酸钠滴眼液点眼（珠海联邦制药中山制剂厂，国药准字 H20040352），每天6次，持续4周。

白内障伴浅前房患者行超声乳化术的手术技巧及安全性探讨

论著白内障伴浅前房患者行超声乳化术的手术技巧及安全性探讨李俊宁，林陈娟，何侦基金项目：北海市科技计划项目(编号:北科合201884033)作者单位：536000广西，北海市第二人民医院眼科作者简介：李俊宁(1972-)，男，大学本科，学士学位，主任医师,研究方向：白内障的诊治。

E-mail：156****1212@［摘要］目的探讨白内障伴浅前房患者行超声乳化术的手术技巧及安全性。

方法选择2018-01-2019-01于北海市第二人民医院眼科接受超声乳化术治疗的白内障伴浅前房患者46例(46眼)。

比较患者术前、术后的视力、眼压、中央前房深度(CACD)、房角开放距离(AOD)、角膜内皮细胞密度,分析术后并发症发生情况。

结果患者术前平均视力为(0.28±0.⑹，术后上升至(0.62±0.22)，差异有统计学意义G=&688,P=0.000)。

与术前比较,患者术后眼压降低,CACD增加，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)o在治疗后，术眼“3点”、“6点”、“9点”和“12点”方位的AOD500均较术前显著增加(P<0.05)。

术中发生虹膜损伤3例(6.52%),悬韧带部分断裂1例(2.17%)，仍安全顺利植入人工晶体。

术后发生角膜水肿16例(34.78%)，术后1个月均恢复。

未发生后囊破裂和角膜失代偿等较严重并发症。

结论超声乳化手术能有效改善白内障伴浅前房患者眼前节拥挤情况，具有较好的疗效和安全性。

术前评估以及准备、手术中技巧的合理应用是保证手术成功的关键。

［关键词］浅前房；白内障；超声乳化术；术前评估；手术技巧［中图分类号］R779.6［文献标识码］A［文章编号］1674-3806(2021)03-0279-04doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2021.03.12Surgical techniques and safety of phacoemulsification for cataract patients with shallow anterior chamber UJun-ning,LIN Chen-juan,HE Zhen.Department of Ophthalmology,the Second People's Hospital of Beihai City,Guangxi536000,China［Abstract］Objective To investigate the surgical techniques and safety of phacoemulsification for cataractpatients with shallow anterior chamber.Methods Forty-six cataract patients(46eyes)with shallow anterior chamberwho received treatment of phacoemulsification were selected in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Second Peopled Hospital of Beihai City from January2018to January2019.The patients7preoperative and postoperative visualacuity,intraocular pressure,central anterior chamber depth(CACD),angle opening distance(AOD),and corneal endothelial cell density were compared.The incidence of postoperative complications was analyzed.Results The preoperative mean visual acuity of the patients was(0.28±0.16),and their postoperative mean visual acuity improved to(0.62±0.22),with a significant difference(i=&688,P=0.000).Compared with those before operation,the intraocular pressure was reduced and CACD was increased in the patients,and the differences were slalisli-cally significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the AOD500values of the"3o'clock”，“6o'clock",“9o'clock”and"12o'clock”positions of the operated eyes were significantly increased compared with those before operation(P<0.05)・The intraoperative iris injury occurred in3cases(6・52%),and the partial rupture of suspensory ligament in1case(2.17%),but the intraocular lens were still implanted safely and successfully.The postoperative comeal edema occurred in16cases(34.78%)and the patients recovered one month after operation.No severe complicationssuch as posterior capsule rupture and corneal decompensation occurred.Conclusion Phacoemulsification can effectively improve the crowding of the anterior segment of cataract patients with shallow anterior chamber,and has goodefficacy and safety.The key to the success of the operation is the preoperative evaluation and preparation,and the reasonable application of surgical techniques during the operation.［Key words］Shallow anterior chamber;Cataract;Phacoemulsification;Preoperative evaluation；Surgical techniques白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术是目前白内障复明的主要手术方法，可显著改善患者的视功能⑴。

眼科手术英文名称

睑退缩矫正术需睫毛再造和肌瓣移植时加收50% Correction of eyelid retraction extra charging 50% for lash reconstruction and muscle flap transplantation 睑内翻矫正术缝线法 correction of entropion suturing technique 睑外翻矫正术 correction of ectropion 睑外翻矫正术需植皮时加收50% correction of ectropion extra charging 50% for combined dermatoplasty
excludingmediallateralcanthoplasty激光重睑整形术laserconstructiondoubleeyelid双行睫矫正术correctiondistichiasis眼袋整形术baggyeyelidsplasty眼袋整形术泪腺悬吊加收20baggyeyelidsplastyextracharging20lacrimalglandsuspension内外眦成形术mediallateralcanthoplasty睑凹陷畸形矫正术eyelidinvaginationorthopedicprocedure不含吸脂术excludingliposuction特殊植入材料specialimplant睑缘粘连术ankyloblepharon含粘连分离includingsyncretioabruption泪器手术operationslacrimalapparatus泪阜部肿瘤单纯切除术lacrimalcaruncletumorsimpleexcision泪小点外翻矫正术correctionpunctum包括泪腺脱垂矫正术includingcorrectionlacrimalgland泪小管吻合术nasolacrimalanastomosis泪囊摘除术dacryocystectomy睑部泪腺摘除术palpebrallacrimalglandextraction泪囊结膜囊吻合术conjunctivodacryocystotomy鼻腔泪囊吻合术dacryocystorhinostomy鼻泪道再通术nasolacrimalductprobing包括穿线或义管植入includinginsertiontubesimplantation硅胶管或金属管silicageltubesmetaltubes泪道成形术lacryocystoplasty含泪小点切开术includingpunctumsection激光泪道成形术laserlacryocystoplasty结膜手术operationsconjunctiva睑球粘连分离术correctionsymblepharon包括自体粘膜移植术及结膜移植includingautologousmucosatransplantationconjunctivagrafting羊膜amnion结膜肿物切除术excisionconjunctivaltumors包括结膜色素痣includin

聚乙烯醇联合玻璃酸钠在白内障术后干眼症中的应用

作者简介:岳千秋,女,主治医师,主要从事眼科常见病㊁多发病的诊治工作㊂㊃论著㊃D O I :10.3969/j.i s s n .1672-9455.2023.18.023聚乙烯醇联合玻璃酸钠在白内障术后干眼症中的应用岳千秋,闫嘉纹,张沛沛河南省平顶山市舞钢市人民医院眼科,河南平顶山462500摘要:目的探讨聚乙烯醇联合玻璃酸钠在白内障术后干眼症中的应用,分析其对眼部症状㊁眼表功能的影响㊂方法选取2020年3月至2022年5月于舞钢市人民医院接受白内障手术且术后3个月出现干眼症的91例患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组45例㊁研究组46例㊂对照组予以玻璃酸钠治疗,研究组予以玻璃酸钠+聚乙烯醇治疗㊂比较两组临床疗效㊂对比分析两组治疗前后眼表疾病指数(O S D I)㊁眼表功能[泪液分泌量㊁泪膜破裂时间(B U T )㊁角膜荧光素染色评分(F L )]㊁角膜内皮细胞情况[角膜内皮细胞密度(E C D )㊁六角形细胞比例(H E X )㊁角膜内皮细胞变异系数(C V )],以及泪液中炎症因子[白细胞介素-6(I L -6)㊁超敏C 反应蛋白(h s -C R P )㊁肿瘤坏死因子-α(T N F -α)]㊁氧化应激指标[丙二醛(M D A )㊁超氧化物歧化酶(S O D )㊁脂质过氧化物(L P O )]水平㊂对比两组治疗前后负性情绪[正性和负性情绪量表(P A N A S )]㊁生活质量[美国国家眼科研究所视觉相关生命质量量表(N E I -V F Q -25)]评分㊂结果研究组总有效率为95.65%,高于对照组的82.22%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂治疗后研究组O S D I ㊁F L ㊁C V 低于对照组,泪液分泌量㊁B U T ㊁E C D ㊁H E X 高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂治疗后研究组泪液中I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α㊁M D A ㊁L P O水平低于对照组,S O D 水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂治疗后研究组P A N A S 评分低于对照组,N E I -V F Q -25评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂结论聚乙烯醇联合玻璃酸钠治疗白内障术后干眼症疗效确切,可改善患者眼表功能,促进角膜内皮细胞恢复,减轻眼表炎症反应㊁氧化应激反应,有利于改善患者负性情绪,提高其生活质量㊂关键词:白内障; 干眼症; 聚乙烯醇; 玻璃酸钠中图法分类号:R 777.34文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672-9455(2023)18-2734-04A p p l i c a t i o n o f p o l y v i n y l a l c o h o l c o m b i n e d w i t h s o d i u m h ya l u r o n a t e i n d r y e y e a f t e r c a t a r a c t o p e r a t i o n Y U E Q i a n q i u ,Y A N J i a w e n ,Z HA N G P e i pe i D e p a r t m e n t of O p h t h a l m o l og y ,W u g a n g M u n i c i p a l P e o p l e 's H o s p i t a l ,P i n g d i n gs h a n ,H e n a n 462500,C h i n a A b s t r a c t :O b je c t i v e T o i n v e s t i g a t e t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of p o l y v i n y l a l c o h o l c o m b i n e d w i t h s o d i u m h y a l u r o n a t e i n d r y e y e a f t e r c a t a r a c t s u rg e r y ,a n d t o a n a l y z e i t s e f f e c t o n o c u l a r s y m pt o m s a n d o c u l a r s u r f a c e f u n c t i o n .M e t h o d s A t o t a l o f 91p a t i e n t s r e c e i v i n g c a t a r a c t s u r g e r y i n W u g a n g M u n i c i p a l P e o p l e 's H o s p i t a l f r o m M a r c h 2020t o M a y 2022a n d d e v e l o p i n g d r y e y e i n 3m o n t h s a f t e r s u r g e r y we r e s e l e c t e d a s t h e r e s e a r c h s u b -j e c t s a n d d i v i d e d i n t o t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p (45c a s e s )a n d s t u d y g r o u p (46c a s e s )a c c o r d i n g to t h e r a n d o m n u m -b e r t a b l e m e t h o d .T h e c o n t r o l g r o u p w a s t r e a t e d w i t h s o d i u m h y a l u r o n a t e ,a n d t h e s t u d y g r o u p wa s t r e a t e d w i t h s o d i u m h y a l u r o n a t e +p o l y v i n y l a l c o h o l .T h e c l i n i c a l e f f i c a c i e s w e r e c o m p a r e db e t w e e n t h e t w o g r o u ps .T h e o c u l a r s u r f a c e d i s e a s e i n d e x (O S D I ),o c u l a r s u r f a c e f u n c t i o n [t e a r s e c r e t i o n a m o u n t ,t e a r f i l m r u pt u r e t i m e (B U T ),c o r n e a l f l u o r e s c e i n s t a i n i n g (F L )s c o r e ],c o r n e a l e n d o t h e l i a l c e l l c o n d i t i o n [c o r n e a l e n d o t h e l i a l c e l l d e n s i t y (E C D ),h e x a go n c e l l r a t i o (H E X ),c o r n e a l e n d o t h e l i a l c e l l v a r i a t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t (C V )]a n d i n f l a m -m a t o r y f a c t o r s i n t e a r s [I n t e r l e u k i n -6(I L -6),h y pe r s e n s i t i v e C -r e a c t i v e p r o t e i n (h s -C R P ),t u m o r n e c r o s i sf a c -t o r -α(T N F -α)],o x i d a t i v e s t r e s s i n d i c a t o r s [m a l o n d i a l d e h y d e (M D A ),s u p e r o x i d e d i s m u t a s e (S O D ),l i p i d p e r -o x i d e (L P O )]l e v e l s w e r e c o m p a r e d b e t w e e n t h e t w og r o u p s .Th e p o si t i v e a n d n e ga t i v e a f f e c t s c a l e (P A N A S )a n d q u a l i t y o f l i f e s c o r e s o f t h e N a t i o n a l E y e I n s t i t u t e (N E I -V F Q -25)b e f o r e a n d a f t e r t r e a t m e n t w e r ec o m -p a r ed be t w e e n t h e t w o g r o u p s .R e s u l t s T h e t o t a l ef f e c t i v e r a t e i n t h e s t u d yg r o u p wa s 95.65%,w h i c h w a s h i g h e r t h a n 82.22%i n t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p ,a n d t h e d i f f e r e n c e w a s s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i gn i f i c a n t (P <0.05).A f t e r t r e a t m e n t ,O S D I ,F L a n d C V i n t h e s t u d y g r o u p w e r e l o w e r t h a n t h o s e i n t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p ,a n d t h e t e a r s e c r e -t i o n a m o u n t ,B U T ,E C D a n d H E X i n t h e s t u d y g r o u p w e r e h i g h e r t h a n t h o s e i n t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p,a n d t h e d i f f e r e n c e s w e r e s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i gn i f i c a n t (P <0.05).A f t e r t r e a t m e n t ,t h e l e v e l s o f I L -6,h s -C R P ,T N F -α,M D A a n d L P O i n t e a r s o f t h e s t u d y g r o u p w e r e l o w e r t h a n t h o s e o f t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p ,t h e l e v e l o f S O D w a s h i gh e r ㊃4372㊃检验医学与临床2023年9月第20卷第18期 L a b M e d C l i n ,S e pt e m b e r 2023,V o l .20,N o .18Copyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.t h a n t h a t o f t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p,a n d t h e d i f f e r e n c e s w e r e s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t(P<0.05).A f t e r t r e a t m e n t,t h e P A N A S s c o r e i n t h e s t u d y g r o u p w a s l o w e r t h a n t h a t i n t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p,a n d t h e N E I-V F Q-25s c o r e w a s h i g h e r t h a n t h a t i n t h e c o n t r o l g r o u p,a n d t h e d i f f e r e n c e s w e r e s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t(P<0.05).C o n c l u s i o n P o l y v i n y l a l c o h o l c o m b i n e d w i t h s o d i u m h y a l u r o n a t e i s d e f i n i t e l y e f f e c t i v e i n t h e t r e a t m e n t o f d r y e y e a f t e r o p e r a t i o n i n t h e p a t i e n t s w i t h c a t a r a c t.I t c o u l d i m p r o v e t h e o c u l a r s u r f a c e f u n c t i o n,p r o m o t e t h e r e c o v e r y o f c o r n e a l e n d o t h e l i a l c e l l s,r e d u c e t h e i n-f l a m m a t o r y r e a c t i o n a n d o x i d a t i v e s t r e s s r e a c t i o n o f t h e o c u l a r s u r f a c e,a n d h e l p t o i m p r o v e t h e n e g a t i v e m o o d a n d i n-c r e a s e t h e q u a l i t y o f l i f e.K e y w o r d s:c a t a r a c t;d r y e y e s y n d r o m e;p o l y v i n y l a l c o h o l;s o d i u m h y a l u r o n a t e白内障手术后角膜稳定性降低,且出现干涩㊁畏光㊁视力波动㊁眼部刺激等症状,进一步引起干眼症,我国白内障术后干眼症发病率约为20.4%[1]㊂玻璃酸钠滴眼液是人工泪液且具有黏弹性㊁可塑性,可效仿分泌性黏蛋白结合水分子,形成泪膜主体结构,并可维持眼表张力,保护角膜上皮细胞,增加泪膜稳定性[2]㊂但单一使用玻璃酸钠滴眼液难以彻底改善病情,仍需结合其他药物进一步提高疗效㊂聚乙烯醇与盐离子结合形成凝胶结构,可发挥重构泪膜作用,并可在角膜㊁结膜上形成保护层,促进角膜愈合,改善泪液分泌,减轻泪膜损伤[3-4]㊂目前关于聚乙烯醇㊁玻璃酸钠联合应用于白内障术后干眼症效果的报道少见,基于此,本研究分析聚乙烯醇㊁玻璃酸钠联合治疗白内障术后干眼症的临床效果,分析其对眼部症状㊁眼表功能㊁角膜内皮细胞情况及泪液中炎症因子㊁氧化应激指标水平的影响,为临床治疗提供依据㊂1资料与方法1.1一般资料选取2020年3月至2022年5月于舞钢市人民医院接受白内障手术且术后3个月出现干眼症的91例患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组(45例)㊁研究组(46例)㊂对照组:男23例,女22例;左眼26例,右眼19例;年龄48~63岁,平均(55.28ʃ2.26)岁;体质量指数20~23k g/m2,平均(21.62ʃ0.38)k g/m2㊂研究组:男28例,女18例;左眼22例,右眼24例;年龄45~64岁,平均(54.85ʃ3.02)岁;体质量指数19~24k g/m2,平均(21.43ʃ0.56)k g/m2㊂两组一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性㊂本研究经舞钢市人民医院医学伦理委员会批准㊂所有患者签署知情同意书㊂纳入标准:接受白内障手术者;符合干眼症诊断标准[5];术前无干眼症者;单眼患病者㊂排除标准:合并其他重要器官功能障碍者;合并先天性无泪腺者;合并眼睑内翻或闭合不全者;合并其他眼病者㊂1.2方法两组均给予抗炎药物㊁眼部清扫㊁抗感染等常规治疗㊂对照组予以玻璃酸钠滴眼液(广东宏盈科技有限公司,国药准字H20183330,规格:5m Lʒ5 m g)治疗,1滴/次,3次/日㊂研究组予以玻璃酸钠+聚乙烯醇(湖北远大天天明制药有限公司,国药准字H20064930,规格:0.4m Lʒ5.6m g)治疗,玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗方法同对照组,聚乙烯醇滴眼液治疗方法为1滴/次,3次/日㊂两组连续治疗1个月㊂1.3观察指标(1)两组临床疗效㊂显效:临床症状基本消失,裂隙灯检查结膜正常;有效:临床症状有所缓解,裂隙灯检查结膜存在轻微裂隙;无效:临床症状㊁结膜情况无明显变化甚至恶化[6]㊂总有效率为显效㊁有效比例之和㊂(2)两组治疗前后眼表疾病指数(O S D I)㊁眼表功能㊂O S D I:用于评估眼部症状[7],总分为0~100分,分值越高表明症状越严重㊂采用基础泪液分泌试验评估泪液分泌量㊂泪膜破裂时间(B U T):裂隙灯钴蓝光下最后一次瞬目后睁眼至角膜出现第一个黑斑的时间㊂角膜荧光素染色评分(F L): 1%荧光素滴入结膜囊,观察其着色情况,总分为0~ 12分,分值与着色程度呈正相关㊂(3)两组治疗前后角膜内皮细胞情况㊂使用E M-4000角膜内皮显微镜(上海伊沐医疗器械有限公司)检测角膜内皮细胞密度(E C D)㊁六角形细胞比例(H E X)㊁角膜内皮细胞变异系数(C V)㊂(4)两组治疗前后泪液中炎症因子水平㊂在结膜囊内加入无菌生理盐水100μL,转动眼球后泪液㊁生理盐水充分混合,在穹窿结膜㊁球结膜连接处置入毛细玻璃管,吸取泪液,置于-80ħ冰箱保存㊂采用酶联免疫吸附试验(E L I S A)检测泪液中白细胞介素-6(I L-6)㊁超敏C反应蛋白(h s-C R P)㊁肿瘤坏死因子-α(T N F-α)水平,上海酶联生物科技有限公司提供检测试剂盒㊂(5)两组治疗前后泪液中氧化应激指标水平㊂采用E L I S A检测泪液中丙二醛(M D A)㊁超氧化物歧化酶(S O D)㊁脂质过氧化物(L P O)水平,南京建成生物研究所提供检测试剂盒㊂(6)两组治疗前后负性情绪㊁生活质量评分㊂采用正性和负性情绪量表(P A N A S)评估负性情绪[8],总分为10~50分,分值与负性情绪呈正相关㊂采用美国国家眼科研究所视觉相关生命质量量表(N E I-V F Q-25)评估生活质量[9],包括3个维度:一般健康㊁活动障碍㊁视力情况,总分为0~100分,分值越高表明生活质量越好㊂1.4统计学处理采用S P S S22.0统计软件对数据进行分析㊂计数资料以例数㊁百分率表示,组间比较采用χ2检验;符合正态分布的计量资料以xʃs表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,组内治疗前后比较采用配对t检验㊂以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义㊂2结果2.1两组临床疗效比较对照组显效26例㊁有效11例㊁无效8例;研究组显效31例㊁有效13例㊁无效2例㊂研究组总有效率为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组的82.22%(37/45),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.194, P=0.041)㊂㊃5372㊃检验医学与临床2023年9月第20卷第18期 L a b M e d C l i n,S e p t e m b e r2023,V o l.20,N o.18Copyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.2.2 两组O S D I ㊁眼表功能比较治疗前两组O S D I㊁泪液分泌量㊁B U T ㊁F L 比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂治疗后两组O S D I ㊁F L 均低于治疗前,泪液分泌量㊁B U T 均高于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);且治疗后研究组O S D I ㊁F L 低于对照组,泪液分泌量㊁B U T 大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂见表1㊂2.3 两组角膜内皮细胞情况比较治疗前两组E C D ㊁H E X ㊁C V 比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂治疗后两组E C D ㊁H E X 高于治疗前,C V 低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);治疗后研究组E C D ㊁H E X 高于对照组,C V 低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂见表2㊂2.4 两组泪液中炎症因子水平比较治疗前两组泪液中I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂治疗后两组泪液中I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α水平低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);且治疗后研究组泪液中I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂见表3㊂2.5 两组泪液中氧化应激指标水平比较治疗前两组泪液中M D A ㊁S O D ㊁L P O 水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂治疗后研究组M D A ㊁L P O 水平低于对照组,S O D 水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);而治疗前后对照组M D A ㊁S O D ㊁L P O 水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂见表4㊂2.6 两组P A N A S ㊁N E I -V F Q -25评分比较治疗前两组P A N A S ㊁N E I -V F Q -25评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)㊂治疗后两组P A N A S 评分低于治疗前,N E I -V F Q -25评分高于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);且治疗后研究组P A N A S 评分低于对照组,N E I -V F Q -25评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂见表5㊂表1 两组O S D I ㊁眼表功能比较(x ʃs )组别nO S D I (分)治疗前治疗后泪液分泌量(m m /5m i n)治疗前治疗后B U T (s)治疗前治疗后F L(分)治疗前治疗后研究组4626.83ʃ3.9413.86ʃ1.18*5.47ʃ1.0514.16ʃ1.27*3.88ʃ1.0912.66ʃ2.04*4.16ʃ0.522.03ʃ0.44*对照组4526.75ʃ3.8617.62ʃ1.27*5.44ʃ1.029.26ʃ1.45*3.84ʃ1.068.29ʃ1.83*4.14ʃ0.513.62ʃ0.49*t0.098-14.6350.13817.1590.17710.749-0.185-16.295P0.922<0.0010.890<0.0010.860<0.0010.854<0.001注:与同组治疗前比较,*P <0.05㊂表2 两组角膜内皮细胞情况比较(x ʃs )组别nE C D (个/m m 2)治疗前治疗后H E X (%)治疗前治疗后C V (%)治疗前治疗后研究组462054.27ʃ284.762486.95ʃ395.65*29.74ʃ3.9138.86ʃ5.13*35.92ʃ4.9731.06ʃ4.18*对照组452026.74ʃ275.582275.84ʃ358.61*29.88ʃ3.9632.29ʃ4.76*36.07ʃ5.0233.43ʃ4.26*t 0.4692.665-0.1706.330-0.143-2.679P0.6410.0090.866<0.0010.8860.009注:与同组治疗前比较,*P <0.05㊂表3 两组泪液中炎症因子水平比较(x ʃs )组别nI L -6(m g/L )治疗前治疗后h s -C R P (m g /L )治疗前治疗后T N F -α(n g /L )治疗前治疗后研究组4635.63ʃ3.1616.68ʃ2.56*16.12ʃ3.379.67ʃ1.22*49.16ʃ6.3830.11ʃ5.03*对照组4535.78ʃ3.2023.37ʃ2.79*16.24ʃ3.4112.29ʃ2.06*50.11ʃ6.5041.42ʃ5.24*t -0.225-11.923-0.169-7.401-0.704-10.505P0.823<0.0010.866<0.0010.484<0.001注:与同组治疗前比较,*P <0.05㊂表4 两组泪液中氧化应激指标水平比较(x ʃs )组别nM D A (U /L )治疗前治疗后S O D (m g/L )治疗前治疗后L P O (μm o l /L )治疗前治疗后研究组467.29ʃ0.742.53ʃ0.44*24.28ʃ3.0945.56ʃ5.18*2.47ʃ0.211.03ʃ0.18*对照组457.22ʃ0.717.20ʃ0.7224.63ʃ3.2124.52ʃ3.162.52ʃ0.242.45ʃ0.20t 0.460-37.426-0.53023.328-1.058-35.617P0.646<0.0010.597<0.0010.293<0.001注:与同组治疗前比较,*P <0.05㊂㊃6372㊃检验医学与临床2023年9月第20卷第18期 L a b M e d C l i n ,S e pt e m b e r 2023,V o l .20,N o .18Copyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.表5 两组P A N A S ㊁N E I -V F Q -25评分比较(x ʃs ,分)组别nP A N A S 治疗前治疗后N E I -V F Q -25治疗前治疗后研究组4625.71ʃ2.5714.11ʃ1.28*52.36ʃ5.2992.17ʃ2.20*对照组4525.82ʃ2.6319.42ʃ1.67*51.94ʃ5.1182.23ʃ2.72*t-0.202-17.0470.38519.187P 0.841<0.0010.701<0.001注:与同组治疗前比较,*P <0.05㊂3 讨论白内障手术可破坏眼表光滑度,损伤角膜细胞,降低黏蛋白㊁跨膜蛋白分泌量,引起角膜神经损伤,降低角膜敏感性,还可引起局部代谢障碍㊁炎症反应㊁氧化应激反应,进一步引起眼表细胞㊁感觉神经功能异常,致使泪膜破裂时间缩短,进而诱发干眼症[10]㊂玻璃酸钠具有高度生物相容性,可在角膜上形成网状透气膜,促进角膜细胞再生,减轻药物刺激,有助于角膜细胞维持氢代谢[11]㊂聚乙烯醇具有锁水保湿㊁滋润眼表作用,可结合无机盐离子形成高分子凝胶化合物,并降低泪液中炎症因子水平,减轻泪液分泌不足所致的各种症状[12]㊂本研究结果显示,研究组总有效率高于对照组,O S D I ㊁F L 低于对照组,泪液分泌量㊁B U T 高于对照组,表明联合治疗可提高临床疗效,促进泪液分泌,其在增强内膜稳定性方面作用效果更佳㊂原因可能在于联合治疗可有效减少眼部水分流失,并发挥润滑作用,改善泪膜结构,有利于修复眼表上皮组织,延长泪膜留存于眼表的时间,进一步减轻眼部干涩症状㊂角膜内皮细胞情况可反映干眼症病情进展,随着病情发展E C D ㊁H E X 逐渐降低,而C V 逐渐升高,进一步引起角膜内皮损伤㊂本研究中治疗后研究组E C D ㊁H E X 高于对照组,C V 低于对照组,表明联合治疗在促进角膜内皮细胞恢复方面效果更佳㊂分析其原因可能在于联合治疗可促进眼角膜基底细胞生长,促使新生细胞覆盖缺损区域,进一步加快角膜恢复速度㊂眼内炎症渗出物㊁炎症细胞可刺激角膜内皮细胞,促使内皮细胞坏死脱落,诱发内皮细胞损伤,I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α属于炎症细胞因子,其水平变化与干眼症损伤程度呈正相关[13]㊂本研究结果显示,治疗后研究组泪液中I L -6㊁h s -C R P ㊁T N F -α水平低于对照组,表明联合治疗可降低炎症反应程度㊂其原因可能为聚乙烯醇可促进黏蛋白分泌,减少炎症物质渗出,抑制眼表炎症刺激,进一步减轻炎症反应㊂干眼症患者病变结膜上皮细胞可激活炎症细胞因子,进而激活活性氧酶系统,促使眼表氧化损伤,活性氧含量增高可诱发脂质过氧化,进一步加重干眼症病情严重程度[14]㊂本研究结果显示,治疗后研究组M D A ㊁L P O 水平低于对照组,S O D 水平高于对照组,提示联合治疗可减轻眼表氧化损伤程度㊂分析其原因可能为聚乙烯醇可营养㊁润滑角膜和结膜,综合改善眼表功能,抑制早期相关细胞因子活化,降低泪液渗透压,减轻眼表感染严重程度,进而发挥抗炎㊁抗氧化作用㊂此外,本研究还发现治疗后研究组P A N A S 评分低于对照组,N E I -V F Q -25评分高于对照组,表明联合治疗可有效避免患者因持续疼痛所产生的消极情绪,有利于提高患者生活质量㊂综上所述,聚乙烯醇联合玻璃酸钠对白内障术后干眼症患者疗效显著,可改善眼部症状㊁眼表功能,促进角膜内皮细胞恢复,抑制眼表炎症反应㊁氧化应激反应,有利于减轻患者负性情绪,改善其生活质量㊂参考文献[1]贺广秀.羟糖甘滴眼液联合聚乙烯醇滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症的效果[J ].中国实用医刊,2021,48(21):105-108.[2]沈滢滢,管怀进,王立新,等.玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合兹润环孢素滴眼液对白内障术后中重度干眼症的疗效分析[J ].海军医学杂志,2022,43(9):978-982.[3]C H E N Y Z ,C H E N Z Y ,T A N G Y J ,e t a l .D e v e l o pm e n t o f l u t e i n -c o n t a i n i n g e y e d r o p s f o r t h e t r e a t m e n t o f d r y e y e s yn d r o m e [J ].P h a r m a c e u t i c s ,2021,13(11):1801-1811.[4]王艳霞,聂宇.聚乙二醇滴眼液与玻璃酸钠联合治疗白内障术后干眼症的效果及对泪液炎症因子的影响分析[J ].山西医药杂志,2021,50(13):2060-2062.[5]中华医学会眼科学分会角膜病学组.干眼临床诊疗专家共识(2013年)[J ].中华眼科杂志,2013,49(1):73-75.[6]陈志丽,王红霞.玻璃酸钠联合r h E G F 滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症泪膜的疗效分析[J ].重庆医学,2016,45(6):767-769.[7]聂莉,潘伟华,赵云娥,等.小梁切除术对泪膜功能影响的研究[J ].浙江医学,2017,39(10):797-800.[8]陈贵,郭桂平,肖水源,等.超重/肥胖青少年的负性情绪与进食障碍倾向[J ].中国心理卫生杂志,2015,29(1):16-21.[9]S C O T T I U ,V A N V E L D HU I S E N P C ,B A R T O N F ,e ta l .P a t i e n t -r e po r t e d v i s u a l f u n c t i o n o u t c o m e s a f t e r a n t i -v a s c u l a r e n d o t h e l i a l g r o w t h f a c t o r t h e r a p y fo r m a c u l a r e -d e m a d u e t o c e n t r a l r e t i n a l o r h e m i r e t i n a l v e i n o c c l u s i o n:p r e p l a n n e d s e c o n d a r y a n a l ys i s o f a r a n d o m i z e d c l i n i c a l t r i -a l [J ].J AMA O ph t h a l m o l ,2019,137(8):932-938.[10]唐耀冰,邢艳巧,郝娟,等.复明胶囊联合聚乙二醇滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症的临床研究[J ].现代药物与临床,2020,35(12):2405-2409.[11]祝艳妮,万鹏飞.杞菊地黄丸联合重组人表皮生长因子㊁玻璃酸钠治疗白内障超声乳化术后干眼症的研究[J ].现代中西医结合杂志,2021,30(24):2715-2718.[12]孟宪怡,张硕.除风益损汤联合聚乙烯醇滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症临床研究[J ].河南中医,2022,42(5):736-739.[13]张鹏辉.玻璃酸钠与r h E G F 滴眼液治疗白内障术后干眼症及对炎症因子水平的影响[J ].中国医师杂志,2019,21(11):1738-1740.[14]李俊杰,谢擎,孙志敏.重组人表皮生长因子滴眼液联合卡波姆眼用凝胶对白内障超声乳化吸除术后干眼症患者炎症及氧化应激水平的影响[J ].广西医学,2020,42(1):33-36.(收稿日期:2023-03-07 修回日期:2023-07-18)㊃7372㊃检验医学与临床2023年9月第20卷第18期 L a b M e d C l i n ,S e pt e m b e r 2023,V o l .20,N o .18Copyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.。

产品说明书的翻译.

15
Manufactur. be+形容词（过去分词）+目的状语
2. 情态动词should, shall, can, may+be+介词短语
3. 过+目的状语
（该句型用于开头，说明产品用途）
This kind of products possess such characteristics as safe-use, weatherresistance, abrasion-resistance, high mechanical intensity, low line loss, etc. They are used broadly i清洁肌肤，
配合妮维雅多效美白系列其他产品使用可获得更
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和配方令肌肤清透白净。
1 modes
设备清单——equipment check list ( 不用the list of equipment check)
Fungizone intravenous is especially intended to treat cryptococcosis…
注射用凡疾送特别适用于治疗隐球菌病。…
24常用词及短语举例be active against
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be administrated in
与其他抗结核药配伍，
To prevent the formation of urinary calculi，especially in cases where they tend to recur.
用于预防尿路，特别是易发部位的结石的形成。
To protect the liver cell during administration of drugs hazardous to the liver．

眼科英文病历( 眼科检查)

Sample History and Physical Note Charting Plus™ - Electronic Medical Records Note for John Doe on 6/6/02 - Chart 1124Chief Complaint: This 26 year old male presents today for a complete eye examination.Allergies: Patient admits allergies to aspirin resulting in disorientation, GI upset.Medication History: Patient is currently taking amoxicillin-clavulanate 125 mg-31.25 mg tablet, chewable medication was prescribed by A. General Practitioner MD, Adrenocot 0.5 mg tablet medication was prescribed by A. General Practitioner MD, Vioxx 12.5 mg tablet (BID).PMH: Past medical history is unremarkable.Past Surgical History: Patient admits past surgical history of (+) appendectomy in 1989.Social History: Patient denies alcohol use. Patient denies illegal drug use. Patient denies STD history. Patient denies tobacco use.Family History: Unremarkable.Review of Systems:Eyes: (-) dry eyes (-) eye or vision problems (-) blurred vision Constitutional Symptoms: (-) constitutional symptoms such as fever, headache, nausea, dizziness Musculoskeletal: (-) joint or musculoskeletal symptomsEye Exam: Patient is a pleasant, 26 year old male in no apparent distress who looks his given age, is well developed and nourished with good attention to hygiene and body habitus.Visual Acuity:Visual acuity - uncorrected: OD: 20/10 OS: 20/10 OU: 20/15Refraction:Lenses - final:OD: +0.50 +1.50 X 125 Prism 1.75OS: +6.00 +3.50 X 125 Prism 4.00 BASE IN FresnelAdd: OD: +1.00 OS: +1.00OU: Far VA 20/25Pupils: Pupil exam reveals round and equally reactive to light and accommodation.Motility: Ocular motility exam reveals gross orthotropia with full ductions and versions bilateral. Visual Fields: Confrontation VF exam reveals full to finger confrontation OU.IOP: IOP Method: applanation tonometry OD: 10 mmHg Medications: Alphagan; 0.2% Condition: improving.Keratometry:OD: K1 35.875K2 35.875OS: K1 35.875K2 41.875Lids/Orbit: Bilateral eyes reveal normal position without infection. Bilateral eyelids reveals white and quiet.Slit Lamp: Corneal epithelium is intact with normal tear film and without stain. Stroma is clear and avascular. Corneal endothelium is smooth and of normal appearance.Anterior Segment: Bilateral anterior chambers reveal no cells or flare with deep chamber.Lens: Bilateral lenses reveals transparent lens that is in normal position.Posterior Segment: Posterior segment was dilated bilateral. Bilateral retinas reveal normal color, contour, and cupping.Retina: Bilateral retinas reveals flat with normal vasculature out to the far periphery. Bilateral retinas reveal normal reflex and color.Test Results: No tests to report at this timeImpression: Eye and vision exam normal.Plan: Return to clinic in 12 month(s).Patient Instructions:Patient was given verbal and written instructions regarding eye care following pupil dilation.__________________________________ Dr. An. Ophthalmologist, MDSample Referral Letter Charting Plus™ - Electronic Medical Records 6/6/02Marcus Welby, M.D.1231 8th Street, Suite 222West Des Moines, IA 50265Dear Dr. Welby:John Doe was seen in my office in consultation as requested by you as a new patient for evaluation and care. The following is a summary of my findings and recommendations:Impression: Eye and vision exam normal.Plan: Return to clinic in 12 month(s).If I may be of any further assistance in the care of your patient, please let me know. Thank you for providing me the opportunity to participate in the care of your patients. Sincerely,An. Ophthalmologist, MDSample Prescription Charting Plus™ - Electronic Medical Records Dr. An. Ophthalmologist, MDDEA#:_________________________________________________________Doe6/6/02Date:JName:JohnOD: +0.50 +1.50 X 125 Prism 1.75OS: +6.00 +3.50 X 125 Prism 4.00 BASE IN FresnelAdd: OD: +1.00 OS: +1.00Dr._____________________________________________Sample Billing Statement Charting Plus™ - Electronic Medical RecordsBilling Statement - Thursday, June 06, 2002Provider:An. Ophthalmologist, MDPatient: John J Doe, Chart 1124123 E. Freckle St.Jersey City, NJ 07040Diagnoses1. V72.0 Examination Of Eyes And VisionTreatments1. 99213 Office or other outpatient visit - est. patient - 15 min.Related Diagnoses: V72.0Modifiers:Units:Referring Physician: A. General Practitioner, MDDate Last Seen: 07/26/2001Sample Patient Instructions Charting Plus™ - Electronic Medical Records Patient Instructions for John Doe on 6/6/02YOUR EYES HAVE BEEN DILATEDDilation drops temporarily increase the size of your pupils. This lets us accurately investigate the health of your eyes and other important general health aspects. Dilation of your eyes is a temporary inconvenience; however, benefits far outweigh the inconvenience.The effects of eye dilation drops will gradually decrease. It typically takes TWO to SIX HOURS for the effects to wear off. During this time, reading may be more difficult and sensitivity to light may increase. For a short time, wearing sunglasses may help. Notify us if you feel your long distance vision is blurred excessively before attempting to drive. Your patience during this very important procedure is appreciated!CALL MY OFFICE IMMEDIATELY AT 515-327-8850 IF YOU EXPERIENCE EXCESSIVE PAIN, DISCOMFORT OR NAUSEAREMEMBER TO HAVE REGULAR MEDICAL EYE EXAMINATIONS.Eye disease can occur at any age. Since most blindness is preventable if diagnosed and treated early, it is extremely important to have regular eye examinations. Keep in mind that many eye diseases are asymptomatic until after the damage to the eye has already occurred so early detection is the key. Use this as a reminder to plan for regular eye examinations to maintain sight throughout a lifetime._______________________________An. Ophthalmologist, MDCATARACTWhat is a cataract?* A cataract is the loss of transparency of the lens of the eye. It often appears like a window that is fogged with steam.What causes cataract formation?* Aging, the most common cause.* Family history.* Steroid use.* Injury to the eye.* Diabetes.* Previous eye surgery.* Long-term exposure to sunlight.How do I know if I have a cataract?* The best way for early detection is regular eye examinations by your medical eye doctor. There are many causes of visual loss in addition to the cataract such as problems involving the optic nerve and retina. If these other problems exist, cataract removal may not result in the return or improvement of vision. Your eye doctor can tell you how much improvement in vision is likely.Does it take a long time for a cataract to form?* Cataract development varies greatly between patients and is affected by the cause of the cataract. Generally, cataracts progress gradually over many years. Some people, especially diabetics and younger patients, may find that cataract formation progresses rapidly over a few months making it impossible to know exactly how long it will take for the cataract to develop. What is the treatment for cataracts?* The only way to remove a cataract is surgery. If the symptoms are not restricting your activity, a change of glasses may alleviate the symptoms at this time. No medications, exercise, optical devices or dietary supplements have been shown to stop the progression or prevent cataracts.It is important to provide protection from excessive sunlight. Making sure that the sunglasses you wear screen out ultraviolet (UV) light rays or your regular eyeglasses are coated with a clear, anti-UV coating will help prevent or slow the progression of cataracts.How do I know if I need surgery?* Surgery is considered when your vision is interfering with your daily activities. It is important to evaluate if you can see to do your job and drive safely. Can you read and watch TV in comfort? Are you able to cook, do your shopping and yard work or take your medications without difficulty? Depending on how you feel your vision is affecting your daily life, you and your eye doctor will decide together when it is the appropriate time to do surgery.What is involved with cataract surgery?* This surgery is generally performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis. With the assistance of a microscope, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a permanent intraocular lens implant.Right after the surgery you should be able to immediately perform all your normal activities except for the most strenuous ones. You will need to take eye drops as directed by your eye doctor. Follow-up visits are necessary to make sure the surgical site is healing without problems.This procedure is performed on over 1.4 million people each year in the United States alone, 95% without complications. With this highly successful procedure, 90% of the time vision improves unless a problem also exists with the cornea, retina or optic nerve. As with any surgery, a good result cannot be guaranteed._______________________________ An. Ophthalmologist, MD。

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Objective
When operating, don’t put your foot on the pedals board constantly, so as not to accidentally step on the switch, causing accident.(某冲床说明书)
电机结构应该具有防爆保护。
过去分词+名词
（说明维修或操作程序及说明有关技术要求）
All cable shall be type SEOW-A or better and U.L. listed for the intended submersible service.
所有电缆都应该是SEOW-A类以上的标准的电缆，并通过美国UL认证可用于潜水系统。
不完全句结构．仅列出疾病或微生物的名称．
Angina pectoris, Prinzmetal's angina, hypertension
心绞痛，变异性心绞痛，高血压。
The following diseases caused by bacteria including gram－positive and gram－ negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus， Streptcoccus, Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae...
中央处理器（central processing unit）
自动对焦（auto focus）
手动对焦（manual focus）