应用化学专业英语介绍
应用化学专业英语翻译完整篇
1 Unit5元素周期表
As our picture of the atom becomes more detailed 随着我们对原子的描述越来越详尽，我们发现我们陷入了进退两难之境。有超过100多中元素要处理，我们怎么能记的住所有的信息？有一种方法就是使用元素周期表。这个周期表包含元素的所有信息。它记录了元素中所含的质子数和电子数，它能让我们算出大多数元素的同位素的中子数。它甚至有各个元素原子的电子怎么排列。最神奇的是，周期表是在人们不知道原子中存在质子、中子和电子的情况下发明的。Not long after Dalton presented his model for atom( )在道尔顿提出他的原子模型（原子是是一个不可分割的粒子，其质量决定了它的身份）不久，化学家门开始根据原子的质量将原子列表。在制定像这些元素表时候，他们观察到在元素中的格局分布。例如，人们可以清楚的看到在具体间隔的元素有着相似的性质。在当时知道的大约60种元素中，第二个和第九个表现出相似的性质，第三个和第十个，第四个和第十一个等都具有相似的性质。
In 1869,Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev,a Russian chemist, 在1869年，Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev ,一个俄罗斯的化学家，发表了他的元素周期表。Mendeleev通过考虑原子重量和元素的某些特性的周期性准备了他的周期表。这些元素的排列顺序先是按原子质量的增加,,一些情况中, Mendeleev把稍微重写的元素放在轻的那个前面.他这样做只是为了同一列中的元素能具有相似的性质.例如,他把碲(原子质量为128)防在碘(原子质量为127)前面因为碲性质上和硫磺和硒相似, 而碘和氯和溴相似.
应用化学专业英语
英译汉：
1.First, electrons are added one at a time moving from left to right across a
period……首先，从左向右横跨一个周期时每次增加一个电子。当这种情况发生时，最外层电子将受到逐渐增强的核引力，所以电子将更接近原子核而受到其更紧密的束缚力。其次，在周期表中从上向下移动一列，最外层电子受到核的束缚力将变弱。这是因为主能级数（屏蔽最外层电子受到核的吸引）在每族向下移动时增加。这些趋势解释了通过观察元素的原子半径、电离能、电子亲和力和电负性而得到的元素性质的周期性规律。
2.It is important to note that at equilibrium the rates of reaction,rate r and rate f
are equilibrium mixture are usually not equal……值得注意的是，在化学平衡时的反应速率，正反应速率和你反应速率相等但反应物和生成物的摩尔浓度在平衡混合态时一般不相等。但是，事实上每种反应物和生成物在平衡时其浓度为定值，因为每种物质在一个反应中的消耗速率与其在相应你反应正的生成速率相等。在化学平衡提出之前，这种系统被称为动力学平衡状态。
3.This is a mathematical expression of the law of chemical equilibrium which may
be stated as follows: When a reversible…………这是化学平衡定律的数学表达式，它可以通过如下所述：当一个可逆反应在给定温度下达到平衡时，在方程式中箭头右边物质的摩尔浓度的积除以左边物质摩尔浓度的积（每种物质浓度的幂等于反应方程式中每种物质的分子数）为定值，
应用化学专业英语ppt
配离子的形成: formation of complex ions 溶解度: solubility 溶度积常数: the solubility-product constant Ksp 离子的沉淀与分离: precipitation and separation of ions 氧化还原反应: oxidation-reduction reactions 氧化数:oxidation number 原电池:galvani cell 电池电动势: cell EMF (Electromotive Force ) 标准电极电势: standard electrode potentials 氧化剂和还原剂: oxidizing and reducing agents 量子数: quantum numbers 电子自旋: electron spin 原子轨道: atomic orbital 多电子原子: many-electron atoms 电荷数、配位数及几何构型: charges, coordination, and geometries
1.3 化学键
离子键 共价键
氢键
相关单词
Chemical bond 化学键 crystals 晶体 minimize 最小化 Ionic bond 离子键 bonding force 结合力 maximize 最大化 Covalent bond 共价键 non-metal 非金属 monatomic 单原子的 Coordinate covalent bond：配位共价键 Neutrons:中子 Metallic bond 金属键 boiling point 沸点 polyatomic 多原子的 hydrogen bond 氢键 octahedral geometry 八面体几何构型 Coulombic attraction 库仑引力 charged ions 带电离子 Coulombic repulsion 库仑斥力 melting point 熔点 sharing electrons 共用电子 Collective energy 聚集能 Electrically neutral 电中性的 conduct electricity 导电 Cations (positively charged ions) 阳离子 Electrostatic 静电的 Anions (negatively charged ions) 阴离子 electronegativity 电负性 Three-dimensional array 立体排列 resultant molecule 目标分子 Crystal lattice 晶体点阵 mutual attraction 相互吸引
应用化学专业英语 -化合物命名
丁二烯 butadiene
丁三烯 butatriene
同时还有双键和三键的烷类成为烯炔，命名时烯在前，炔在后， 双键的编号写在前面，三键的定位号写在表示炔烃词尾前
CH3-CH=CH-C ≡ CH
3-penten-1-yne
脂环烃(alicyclic hydrocarbons )：
(1): 未取代的饱和单环烃 烃类名称前加前缀 cyclo-
如：
(2) 含取代基的脂环烃
(3)不饱和单环烃
桥环烃的命名(bridgedhydrocarbons)
螺环烃命名spirohydrocarbons
芳香烃
1 单环芳香烃
常用取代苯化合物的俗名
芳烃基
氯代烃
在相应烃的前面加前缀-卤代 氟代—fluoro氯代—chloro溴代—bromo碘代—iodo-
90 alkane:nonacontane
100 alkane:hectane
含支链烷烃和烷基 烷基：只需要把烷烃的后缀ane换成-yl加在相应烷烃的字 首后 如：CH3- methyl CH3-CH2- ethyl CH3-(CH2)9-CH2 undecyl
还有一些烷基也可以在相应的烃名前加iso-(异)、sec-仲、tert-叔、
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3 2-methylbutane
2,2-dimethylpropane CH3CH(CH3)-CH2-CH(C2H5)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane
应用化学专业英语介绍
应用化学专业
报告
学院：理学院
专业：应用化学
学号：***********
******
Applied chemistry speciality
One、applied chemistry speciality - main courses: Training target：This specialized raise has the chemical basic theory, basic knowledge in strong experimental skills, can in scientific research institutions, colleges and universities and enterprises and institutions, engaged in scientific research, teaching and management work of the senior specialized talents.
Training requirements：Students of this specialty mainly study the basic knowledge of chemistry, the basic theory, basic skills and related engineering knowledge, is the basic research and applied basic research of scientific thought and scientific experiment training, has good scientific literacy, have use knowledge and experimental skills in applied research, technology development and technology management of the basic skills.
应用化学专业英语复习资料
一单词短语
1.Molecule 分子molecular 分子的
2.chemical process 化学过程element 元素
3.a t o m原子a t t r a c t i o n吸引力
4.repulsion 排斥力distillation 蒸馏、n
5.distill 蒸馏v rectification 精馏
position 构成structure 结构
7.property 性质mass 质量
8.atomicweight 原子量atomic number 原子
序数
9.ionization energy 电离能period 周期
10.g r o u p族f a m i l y族
11.transition group 过渡族main group 主族
12.i o n离子s u b s t i t u t i o n取代反应
13.el i mi na ti on消除反应nucl eoph i l i c 亲核的
14.nucleophilie 亲核试剂electrophilie亲电试剂
15.alkyl 烷基的functional group 官能
团
16.halides 卤素的leaving group 离去基
团
17.transition state过渡态intermediate 中间体
18.r e a c t a n t反应物p r o d u c t生成物
19.concentration 浓度rate equation 速率方
程
20.c o n s t a n t常数e t h e r醚
应用化学专业英语课文翻译(精选篇)
元素周期表
随着对原子的描述越来越详尽，我们发现自己处于进退两难之地。涉及着100种元素，我们怎样使这些元素保持连续性。一种方法是用元素周期表，周期表巧妙地把原子信息列成表。它记录着一种元素含有多少质子和电子，它使我们可以计算出大多数元素同位素的中子数。周期表也存有每种元素的电子排列情况。周期表最不寻常的是它的发展是在人们还不知道原子中含有质子和中子之前。
道尔顿提出了他的原子模型后不久（一种不可再分的粒子，它的质量取决于它的性质），化学家开始根据原子质量来排列元素。当得出这种元素表，科学家们观测到元素的规律。例如，那些出现在特定的位置的元素有某些相似性，这一观点已经越来越明显。当时已知的约60种元素中，第二种和第九种元素表现出相似性，第三种与第十种元素，第四种与第十一种元素也都具有相似的性质。
1869年，门捷列夫，一个俄国化学家，提出了他们的元素周期表。他列表时考虑到原子质量和元素某种特性的周期性。这些元素主要是按原子质量递增的顺序排列的。在特别情况下，门捷列夫把较重的元素放在较轻元素之前。他这样做是为了在相同列上的元素有相似的化学性质。比如，他把蹄（原子质量=128）放在碘（原子质量=127）之前，因为蹄的性质和硫及硒相似，而碘的性质和氯及溴相似。
门捷列夫在他的周期表中列了许多气体，在他的周期表中留下了一些空格，他非但没有将那些空格看成缺憾，反而大胆地预测还存在着未被发现的元素。而且，他还预测了许多未知元素的性质。在接下来的几年里，许多气体被填充在新发现的元素中。这些元素的性质通常和门捷列夫预测的非常接近。这些伟大创新的预测使门捷列夫的元素周期表被广泛接受。
东华大学应用化学专业英语总结
专业英语重点总结
单词
Toxic chemicals：有毒化学品 Chemical pollution：化学污染Physical property ：物性 Isolate：分离
Determine：测定 Synthesize：合成Fundamental principles：基本原理 Investigation：研究Utilize：利用 Catalyst 催化剂
Enzyme 酶 Biosphere 生物圈Heterogeneous catalyst 非均相催化剂 Nanotechnology 纳米技术Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 Chemical formulas:化学式anion: 阴离子 Oxidation number:氧化值sulphate: 硫酸盐 Hydrides: 氢化物
Sodium：钠 cation: 阳离子
Covalent bond：共价键 electroneutral: 电中性的Electronegative atom：电负性原子 trivial names:俗名Oxidation:氧化 Peroxides：过氧化物Superoxide：超氧化物 Periodic table：周期表Noble gases: 惰性气 vacant orbital:空轨道Coordination (complex) compound: 配位化合物
Unshared pair of electrons:未共用电子对
oxidation state:氧化态 hydroxides:氢氧化物
专业英语翻译—精细化工应用化学
[Translate]
<1>In this study, the extraction kinetics of phosphoric acid from the phosphoric acid—calcium chloride solution by tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP) was investigated using a constant-interfacial-area cell with laminar flow. The extracted complexes were demonstrated to be H3PO4.TBP ,H3PO4.2TBP , and H3PO4.3TBP by equilibrium studies.
非考察部分：
The result indicate that the extraction process is under mixed control by the extraction reaction at the inter.
译文：
在这项研究中，通过层流恒界面池法，人们进行了使用磷酸三丁酯从磷酸氯化钙溶液中萃取磷酸的动力学研究。根据平衡态研究，这个被萃取的混合物分别是H3PO4.TBP ,H3PO4.2TBP , 和H3PO4.3TBP。
非考察部分译文：
这个结论表明，萃取的过程是通过相互的萃取而使其混合均匀的。
<2>The extraction rate is first-order with respect to H3PO4 and TBP with a rate constant of 10-5.34L/mol.s. A mixed-control regime model is proposed. The forward extraction rate constant and the diffusion coefficient of the reactant in the aqueous phase were calculate to be 6.86*10-6 and 6.47*10-5L/mol.s, respectively.
应用化学专业英语翻译
10级应用化学（2）班郑禄春 B2010063224
Lessen 24 Chemical Reactions
Conservation of mass and energy（质量与能量守恒）
Two conservation laws（定律） apply to all chemical reactions: Energy can neither
be created nor destroyed, and matter can neither be created nor destroyed. Thus the atoms taking part in a chemical reaction may be rearranged, but all the atoms present in the reactants must also be present in the products, and the total mass of the
reactants must equal the total mass of the products.
化学反应
质量守恒和能量守恒
两个守恒定律(定律)适用于所有的化学反应:能量既不能创造也不能消灭,物质也不能创造也不能消灭。因
此原子参与化学反应可能重新安排,但所有的原子出现在反应物必须包含在产品,反应物的总质量必须等于
生产物的总质量。
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction occurs when substances (the reactants) collide (碰撞) with enough energy to rearrange to form different compounds (the products). The change
应用化学专业英语
分析化学Analytical chemistry测定determination表征characterization参数parameter 聚合物polymer滴定titration浓度concentration定性qualitative定量quantitative化学组成chemical composition醋酸acetic acid氢气hydrogen分子化合物molecular compound共价键covalent bond氢氧化钾patassium hydroxide电负性electronegativity反应物reactant氧化数oxidation number氧化剂oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent质量守恒mass balance电荷守恒charge balance过氧化物peroide结晶crystallisation溶解度solubility母液mother liquid蒸发器evaporator冷凝器cooler 密度density浓硫酸sulfuric acid溶剂solvent蒸馏distillation冷凝器condensate回流reflux间歇操作batch operation连续操作continuous operation单元操作unit operation 闪蒸flash distillation加热器heater组分component物料衡算material balance平衡曲线equilibrium curve精馏rectification熔点melting point 沸点boiling point泡点bubble poin t露点dewpoin t再沸器reboiler分馏柱fractionating column塔底产品bottom product塔顶产品overhead produc t热交换器heat exchanger精馏段rectifying section 提留段stripping section催化剂catalyst样品sample丙酮acetone官能团functional group羧酸carboxylic acid乙醇alcohol醛aldehyde酮ketone乙酸acetic acid自然科学natural science化学过程chemical process蒸馏技术the technique of distillation化学式chemical formula结构式structural formula化学方程式chemical equation可逆反应reversible reaction放热反应exothermic reaction吸热反应endothermic reaction置换反应displacement reaction石油工业petroleum industry
应用化学专业英语翻译Research and Development
Unit 2 Research and Development
研究和开发
Research and development, or R&D as it is commonly referred to, is an activity which is carried out by all sectors of manufacturing industry but its extent varies considerably, as we will see shortly. Let us first understand, or at least get a feel for, what the terms mean. Although the distinction between research and development is not always clear-cut, and there is often considerable overlap, we will attempt to separate them. In simple terms research can be thought of as the activity which produces new ideas and knowledge whereas development is putting those ideas into practice as new process and products. To illustrate this with an example, predicting the structure of a new molecule which would have a specific biological activity and synthesizing it could be seen as research whereas testing it and developing it to the point where it could be marketed as a new drug could be described as the development part.
应用化学专业英语-翻译
Unit 1 Scientific Paper and Literature
Lesson 1Writing a Scientific Paper
这一章节是写科学论文一个总的指导。包括对于文章长度要求，数字和图标的制备，还有向不同杂志和出版商提交论文的说明指导方针。对于美国化学学会杂志和特殊的出版物，请阅读出现在每年第一期和全球网上对于作者的指南，注释，公告和说明。对于美国化学学会的书目，请查阅一些像《如何为ACS准备你的底稿》，《作者须知》这样的小册子，这些资料可以从书籍部或者在相同地址的全球网页上得到。
Introduction to Science Paper
一篇研究论文是学术交流的书面形式，它可以用来传播有用的信息并且可以和别人分享有用的学术见解。大多数的研究论文是用于杂志出版或者作为个人领域的会议记录。出版史作为传播见解和专业认知与提高最快捷的方法。如果你对学术文章的特点和形式有着清晰的认识，那么你的论文可以更容易的在目标杂志上发表或者被国际会议所采纳。
Features of Academic Papers 学术论文的特色
学术论文的第一个特色就是内容。它只不过是你做的部分研究客观并且准确的记录，要么是关于人文、社会、科学、自然科学或者应用科学。它不能用来教授或者提供一般背景。论文的第二个特征就是这一目的的写作方式。你的论文必须包含三种要素：严格的逻辑结构，清晰和简洁的语言，还有就是你论文要提交的杂志所规定的特定写作形式。
第三，实际上是第二条的一部分，就是文章所用资源的引证系统。在文章过程的每一步里，你必须对你从资源查阅到的想法、事实、观点进行充分考虑。
应用化学专业英语朱红军第二版课文翻译
应用化学专业英语朱红军第二版课文翻译
Unit 7 Physical Chemistry
Physical chemistry is the study of the physical basis of chemical systems and processes. Modern physical chemistry is firmly grounded upon physica. Important areas of study include chemical thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, electrochemistry, surface and solid state chemistry, and spectroscopy.
物理化学是对化学系统和过程的物理基础的研究。现代物理化学以物理为基础。重要
的研究领域包括化学热力学、化学动力学、量子化学、统计力学、电化学、表面和固体化
学以及光谱学。
We have repeatedly referred to the energy effects accompanying chemical
and physical changes. Thermodynamics is the study of these energy effects in particular, it summarizes the relations between heat, work, and other forms of energy that are involved in all types of changes. The laws of thermodynamics can be used to predict whether a particular chemical or physical
应用化学专业英语5单元翻译
5
As our picture of the atom becomes more detailed, we find ourselves in a dilemma.
当我们对原子了解的越来越详细时，我们发现我们其中处在两难之中己。由于超过100种元素要处理，我们怎样能理顺所有的信息？一个方法是使用元素周期表。周期表整齐地列出了原子信息的表格。它记录了一个具体的元素的原子包含多少质子和电子。它允许我们为大多数元素计算最常见的同位素中的中子的数量。它甚至储存了每个元素的原子周围是如何安排电子的信息。它甚至储存了每个元素的原子周围是如何安排电子的信息。
Not long after Dalton presented his model for the atom
不久之后道尔顿提出他的原子模型（一个不可分割的粒子的质量决定其特性）科学家开始准备按他们的原子的重量安排元素表。当规划出这些元素的表，这些科学家观察这些元素的模型。例如，越来越清晰的表明某些特定间隔的元素共享某些相似的性质。在那个时候大约60个已知元素中,第四和第十一,第五和第十二（拥有相似性质）,等等。
In 1869, Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, published his periodic table of the elements.
在1869年，德米特里·伊万诺维奇·门捷列夫，一位俄罗斯化学家，出版了他的元素周期表。门捷列夫综合考虑元素的原子量和性质的相似性制成了他的元素周期表。元素主要按照原子量增加的顺序排列。在一些情况里，门捷列夫把稍微重一点且性质相似的（元素）放在一列中。例如，他把碲(原子量= 128)排在碘(原子量= 127)前面，因为碲在它的特性方面类似硫和硒，而碘类似于氯和溴。
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The task of analytical chemistry
(1) determining the material chemical composition, qualitative analysis
(2)源自文库measurement of different components of content - quantitative analysis
Four、Professional teachers:
Li yuqing、Li xianghong、Fuhui、Li huijuan、Liming、Liu shouqing、Liangkun、Chen yuhui、Leiran、and so on.
Five、Applied chemistry employment direction：
cyanide and so on are still belongs to the category of inorganic chemistry.
analytical chemistry：Analytical chemistry in chemistry basic theory and experiment technology as the foundation, and absorb the physical, biological, statistics, computer, automation and other aspects to enrich itself, so as to solve the content of science and technology proposed all sorts of analysis.
(3) characterization of physical chemical structure, form, energy state, structure analysis, the shape analysis, energy state analysis
(4) representation composition, content, structure, form, energy state dynamics characteristics, dynamic analysis
organic chemistry：Organic chemistry is the study of organic compounds and a basic subject. It mainly includes the organic compound classification, structure, naming, property, preparation, chemical reaction and reaction mechanism of law. Organic chemistry is an important branch of chemistry, it is at the molecular level teaching carbon molecular structure and their mutual conversion mechanism, products and their separation, identification and application of basic science, chemistry, biology, pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, environment, materials science support discipline. Is to create new material is an important subject.
应用化学专业 报告
学 院：理 学 院 专 业：应 用 化 学 学 号：20100153022 姓 名：浦 仕 瑞
Applied chemistry speciality
One、applied chemistry speciality - main courses:
Training target：This specialized raise has the chemical basic theory,
Applied chemistry professional graduates suitable to the petroleum chemical industry, environmental protection, commodity inspection, health and epidemic prevention, customs, medicine, fine chemical plant and other production, technical and administrative departments and the factories and mines enterprises engaged in applied research, technology development, production technology and management work; Can also to scientific research department and school engaged in scientific research and teaching work,
basic knowledge in strong experimental skills, can in scientific research institutions, colleges and universities and enterprises and institutions, engaged in scientific research, teaching and management work of the senior specialized talents.
Three、Applied chemistry specialty elective course:
Organic synthesis, botany, colloid and surface chemistry, food chemistry, ecology, the university physics, management, professional English, plant chemistry, biological chemistry, polymer chemistry, and so on.
Two、Four chemistry：
（ Inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry）
Inorganic chemistry：Inorganic chemistry relative to organic chemistry, the non carbon. However, some carbon compounds, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbon disulfide, carbonic acid compounds,
physical chemistry ： Physical chemistry is a physical principle and experiment technology as the foundation, study the properties and behavior of chemical system, found and the establishment of physical chemistry chemical system of the special law of discipline. With the rapid development of science and the mutual infiltration between subjects, physical chemistry and physics, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry in the content are difficult to accurately demarcation line, so as to constantly create new branches, such as physical organic chemistry, biology, physics chemistry, chemical physics.
Training requirements ： Students of this specialty mainly study the
basic knowledge of chemistry, the basic theory, basic skills and related engineering knowledge, is the basic research and applied basic research of scientific thought and scientific experiment training, has good scientific literacy, have use knowledge and experimental skills in applied research, technology development and technology management of the basic skills. Main courses: Main subject: chemical Main course:Inorganic chemistry 、 , analytical chemistry (including instrument analysis), organic chemistry, physical chemistry (including structural chemistry, chemical engineering foundation and chemical mapping. The main practice teaching links include production practice, graduation thesis, general arrangement and a week of twenty. Length of schooling: four years awardeddegree：physicalorBachelor's Similar professional: chemical applied chemistry chemical biology molecular science and engineering chemical engineering and technology