17年翻译预测

农业是中国的重要产业。

中国的农业产位居世界首位，主要出产大米、小麦、土豆、花生、茶叶和棉花。

尽管中国的可耕地(arable land)仅占世界的10%，但是中国却为世界上20%的人口提供粮食。

由于中国是发展中国家且可耕地严重匮乏，中国的农业一直是劳动密集型(labor-intensive)。

中国政府密切关注农业，加大投资力度，积极开展灌溉和水资源保护，以提髙农业生产的现代化水平，使得中国各类农产品的产品迅速增加。

然而，由于人口众多，人均农产品产量很低。

Agriculture is an important industry in China. China ranks first in agricultural output worldwide, primarily producing rice, wheat, potatoes, peanuts, tea, and cotton. Although accounting for only 10 percent of arable land worldwide, China produces food for 20percent of the world's population. Due to China's status as a developing country and its severe shortage of arable land, farming in China has always been the labor-intensive industry. Chinese government has been paying close attention to agriculture, increasing the investment and actively carrying out irrigation and water conservancy to improve the modernization of agricultural production, which leads to a high growth rate in China's output of various agricultural products. However, due to the large population, the amount of the agricultural products per capita is small.1.重要产业：可译为important industry.其中industry除了表示“产业”，还可表示“工业”，例如heavy industry意为“重工业”。

2.仅占……的10%：可译为accounting for only 10 percentof.其中account for 意为“占……比例”。

3.可耕地：可译为arable land.4.密切关注：可译为pay close attention to.参考译文中用了现在完成进行时。

5.灌溉和水资源保护：可译为irrigation and water conservancy.6.人均：可译为per capita.北京大学于1898年成立，原名为京师大学堂(the Imperial University of Peking)。

该大学的成立标志着中国近代史上高等教育的开始。

在中国近代史上，它是进步思想的中心，对中国新文化运动、五四运动及其他重要事件的发生颇有影响。

今天，国内不少高校排行榜将北京大学放入国内顶尖大学之列。

该校重视教学和科学研究。

为提高本科生教育和研究生教育质量、保持其领先研究机构的地位，学校已做出很大努力。

此外，学校尤以其校园环境及优美的中国传统建筑而闻名。

Originally known as the Imperial University of Peking, Peking University was established in1898. The establishment of the University marked the beginning of higher education in China's modern history. In modern history of China, it was a center for progressive thought and was influential in the birth of China's New Culture Movement, the May Fourth Movement and many other significant events. Today, Peking University was placed by many domestic university rankings amongst the top universities in China. The university lays emphasis on both teaching, and scientific research. It has made great efforts to improve the undergraduate and graduate education, and maintain its role as a leading research institution. In addition, the University is especially renowned for its campus environment and the beauty of its traditional Chinese architecture.1.表示某事物的成立，需用被动语态：“原名京师大学堂”即最初的名字，可译为and its original name was…;也可与前面句子共用主语Peking University，译为was originally known as…，但这两种处理方法都不如将其处理为过去分词短语originally known as…来得简洁地道。

2.注意第二句中“中国近代史”的译法，“近代史”通常译为modern history.“现代史”则译为contemporary history.“标志着……的开始”可以套用mark the beginning of…句型表达。

注意，不要一看到“标志”就翻译为symbolize，该词一般指“某事物的象征意义”，用于此不合适。

3.第三句中的“对……的发生颇有影响”的中心词是“有影响”(was influential)，“对……的发生”表明产生影响的方面，用介词in.“发生”在此处强调的是状态，而不是动作，因此用in the birth of表达。

长城被称为中国的奇迹，拥有两千多年的历史。

从空中俯瞰，它像一条长龙，从西向东蜿蜒前行，总长约6700公里。

从春秋战国时期(the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period)起，各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境。

秦朝建立以后，秦始皇把这些城墙连接起来，成为长城。

然而，当时的长城大都已经在战争中损毁，而现存的长城主要是明朝时修建的。

长城最初是为了抵抗来自北方的侵略，如今已成为旅游胜地，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。

有句谚语：“不到长城非好汉”，足以见证长城的雄伟壮观(grandeur)。

The Great Wall, with a history of more than 2,000years, was regarded as a wonder of China. From abird's-eye view, it is just like a dragon winding itself from west to east, stretching for approximately 6,700 kilometers. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the walls had been put up to defend the borders by the kingdoms. After the founding of Qin Dynasty, Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined together to make "The Great Wall". While most of the walls were ruined in wars, the majority of the Great Wall we see today was mainly built during Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall, originally built to resist the invasion from the North, now has become a well-known place of interest, attracting tourists from all over the world. As a saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man", which is evidence of its grandeur.1.第二句中的“从西向东蜿蜓前行，总长约6700公里”，描述的主语都是“它”—长城，故用现在分词短语winding…stretching…作状语，对长城做进一步说明：“总长”可在stretch for后面直接用数字表示。

2.第三句中的“各诸侯国开始修建城墙以保护边境”可译为主动态the kingdoms had built the walls to defend their borders，也可用the walls作主语，使用被动态来表达。

3.例数第二句中的“长城成为旅游胜地”可翻译为英文句的主干，“吸引了来自各界各地的游客”，用现在分词短语attracting…表伴随状况“最初是为了…”处理为过去分词originally built to…作目的状语。

4.最后一句话中，“有句谚语”可使用as a saying goes这一句型：“足以见…”是对谚语的补充说明，可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。