2016中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一

模拟试題一I. Vocabulary Sectio nADirections: There are 10 in complete senten ces in this secti on. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE an swer that best completes the sentence and mark your an swer on the an swer sheet.1.1 could just see a car in the dista nee, but I could n't __ what color it was.A. make outB. look toC. look outD. take in2. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been ___A. imposedB. exposedC. composedD. opposed3. You should these tables and buy new ones.A. throw offB. throw dow nC. throw upD. throw away4. _____ their suggestions we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.A. In regard forB. In regard t oC. With regard ofD. Regardless for5. On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with ________ e ye.A. n akedB. bareC. fleshD. pure6. Many new _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A. opport un itiesB. n ecessitiesC. probabilitiesD. realities7. I found myself completely ____ by his vivid performanee.A. carried outB. carried offC. carried awayD. carried on8. Although the exam in atio n he had passed was uni mporta nt, his success ___ him in hislater study.A. persuadedB. promisedC. urgedD. en couraged9. This is the first time you have been late.A. un der no circumsta ncesB. on no acco untC. by no meansD. for no reas on10. The taxi had to _ because the traffic light had turned red.A. set upB. catch upC. shut upD. pull upSecti on BDirecti ons: There are 10 senten ces in this sect ion. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keep ing the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the an swer sheet. -II. The roof of the house was practically falling in and the front steps were rotting away.A. almostB. esse ntiallyC. alwaysD. convenien tly12. The greatest physical disti nction betwee n huma ns and apes is the hollow space huma ns haveun der their chinsA. attractio nB. dan gerC. comfortD. differe nee13. Scientists are trying to develop computers that will simulate the human thought process.II. Grammatical StructureSection ADirecti ons: There are 10 in complete senten ces in this secti on. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE an swer that best completes the sentence and mark your an swer on the an swer sheet.21. So frighte ned __ in dark ness that she did not dare to move an in ch.A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was22. _ ou may be right, I can ' t altogether agree.A. AsB. WhileC. IfD. Since23. — Imust have eate n somethi ng wron g. I feel like .—I told you not to eat at a restaura nt. You at'homoiEtterA. substituteB. assumeC. projectD. reflect14. Tenants do not own their own apartments, they merely occupy the dwellings.A. i ntellectualsB. ren tersC. coloni zersD. con tractors Buddhist monks claim to detach their minds from their bodies.A. separateB. attachC. deliver We encoun tered the Smiths before leav ing the park ing lot.A. metB. sawC. helped Mr. Jones was take n irby that door to door salesma n vacuum clea ner.15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. B. attach D. deta inD. surprised's mooth talk. He paid almost $900.00 for a A. deceived B. i ncited C. implicated D. saturatedThe chorale wan ted to rehearse the song before the performa nee.A. si ngB. rewriteC. i ntroduceD. practicePrejudice towards mino rities probable stems from fear of the unknown.A. an gerB. biasC. rude nessD. actionIt is un wise to provoke stra nge ani mals.A. feedB. touchC. an gerD. chaseA. to throw up ... to cat C. to throw up ... cat 24. His resp onse wa_ that he did n A. soB. which 25. I have not found my book yet. I B. what B. throw ing up ... eati ngD. throw ing up... catt sagnyfebe didn ' t say no.C. whatD. such' m not s uould have done with itC. whyD. whereA. whether 26. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he had n't see n it himself, he A. n ever have believedB. n ever did believe itC. could n ever believeD. would n ever have believed27. I wish Bill would drive us to the train station but he has ____ t o take us all.A. very small a carB. too small a carC. a too small carD. such a small carthe build ing for stole n goods, the police found twenty machi ne guns. A. Search ing B. Being search ingC. SearchedD. To search29. Close the door, __?A. will you30. Section BA BUn ited States for the past eight years.32. Members of a nation ' s foreign seepc e sentthat country ' s inteaesbad and report onA B C the conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they arc stationed.D33. A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more peopleA B C are able to enjoy to own a house.D34. Basal body temperature refers to the most lowest temperature of a healthy in dividual dur ng A BC Dwak ing hours.35. Aft er_m uch_ d i scussi on, the n egot iator s deci ded no t maki ng an offer un ti l they had loo ked o ve rA28.'t youB. do youC. shall youD. don The storm __ , they had to live in a cave.A. has destroyed their hutB. to destroy their hutC. hav ing destroyed their hutD. being destroyedDirecti ons: In questi ons 31-40 each sentence has four un derl ined words or phrases, marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is in correct and must be cha nged to make the sentence correct. Then mark your an swer on the an swer sheet.31. In dustrial man ageme nt is the aspect of bus in ess man ageme nt that was most prominent inthe DB CDthe cont ract.36. Employment ben efits are given n ew employees hav in creased tremendously.A B C D37. The Board of Directors are in the process of dissol ving the compa ny.A B CD38. The doctor will be giving you a lot of information; if you have questions about them, letus know.D39. The officers of Tiffany & Compa ny decided that they can establish a new branch of their storeA B Cat Paris.D40. The director suggested that you and me report our findings to the team directly.A B CDIII . Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. The n mark your an swer on the An swer Sheet.If you were to begi n a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic stre ngths and weak nesses. Success or 41 in your work would depe nd, to a great exte nt, 42 your ability to use your stre ngths and weak nesses to the best adva ntage. Of the utmost importa nee is your attitude.A person 43 begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that he is going to ail is exhibit ing a weak ness which can only hin der his success. On the other hand, a pers on who is secure 44 his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The cha nces are that he will do well.45 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weak ness. A book keeper who can't add or a carpe nter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize 46 the strength and overcome the 47 that you bring to the job of lear ning. But in group to measure your developme nt, you must first take stock of where you sta nd now. 48 we get further along in the book, we'll be deali ng in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 49 skills. However, to beg in with, you should pause to exam ine your prese nt stre ngths and weak nesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 50 , your read ing and com muni cati on skills, and your study habits.41. A. improveme nt B. victory C. failure D. a chieveme nt42 . A. in B. on C.of D. t o43 . A. who B. what C.that D. w hich44 . A. on to B. on C.off D. i n45 . A. Have B. Had C.Havi ng D. H ad bee n46 . A. except B. but C.for D. o n47 . A. idea B. weakness C. stre ngth D. adva ntage48 . A. as B. till C.over D. o ut49 . A. lear nt B. lear ned C.lear ning D. l ear n50. A. in tellige nee B. work C.attitude D. w eaknessIV. Readi ng Comprehe nsionSectio n ADirecti ons: There are 4 passages in this secti on. Each passage is followed by 4 questi ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your an swer on the An swer Sheet.Questio ns 51 to 54 are based on the follow ing passage:In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were com mon. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reas on for this is an in crease in the cost of liv ing. On the average, childre n atte nd schools for more years tha n they used to, mak ing them finan cially depe ndent on their families Ion ger. Moreover, childre n no wadays are better dressed and have more money to spe nd on en terta inment. The pare nts usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more America n mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs whe n the pare nts divorce, A lot of childre n in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one pare nt. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves whe n their pare nts separate. They grow up feeli ng un settled as they are moved back and forth betwee n pare nts. Usually one pare nt is resp on sible for rais ing the childre n. These sin gle pare nts must care for the childre n's emoti onal and psychological n eeds while also support ing them finan cially. This is very dema nding and leaves very little time for the parent's own pers onal in terests. Sin gle pare nts ofte n marry other si ngle pare nts. In this type of family, un related childre n are forced to develop brother or sister relati on ship. The situatio ns of many America n families today are not good. However, rece nt sig ns in dicate that thi ngs are gett ing better. The divorce rate is decli ning. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps America ns have learned how importa nt families are.51. To pare nts who take the resp on sibility for childre n's expe nses, the cost of liv ing in creasesbecauseA. childre n atte nd school for more yearsB. childre n are better dressedC. childre n spe nd more money on en terta inmentD. all of the above52. What problems would broke n families bring to both childre n and pare nts?A. Childre n grow up feeli ng un settled and pare nts did n't pay much atte nti on to childre n.B. Childre n grow up feeli ng free and one pare nt is resp on sible for rais ing the childre n.C. Childre n are moved back and forth betwee n pare nts and the sin gle pare nt is busy work ing to make money to support himself/herself.D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her ownin terests because one pare nt is too busy tak ing care of childre n.53. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may __A. become worseB. rema in the sameC. get betterD. keep un cha nged54. The title of the article might be __A. America n Childre nB. America n FamiliesC. America n MotherD. America n Pare ntsQuestions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:Whe n I was study ing at Yale, some phe nomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chin ese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as America n stude nts.I was impressed by the role of the professor in the sem ina 讨论会）.The professor did n't act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the stude nts. One lin guistic 语言的）feature of his in teract ing with his stude nts was that he used many modal 情态的）verbs--far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, "This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong." or "You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting." In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisi ons and correct directi ons. Therefore, stude nts always expect the professor to give an an swer to the questio n, i still remember how frustrated they were whe n foreig n teachers did not provide such an an swer. Their expectati ons from authorities are much higher tha n that of America n stude nts. Once the Chin ese stude nts got the an swer, they were sure about it.Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their En glish compositi on. The exam in ati ons in America usually do not test a stude nt's ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obta in employme nt but as a process of enhancing critical thinking.55. In the USA, when the students are in class, __A. a Chin ese stude nt tends to be very activeB. an America n stude nt likes to make troubleC. a Chin ese stude nt likes to puzzle the teacherD. an America n stude nt tends to be vigorous56. A teacher in the USA prefers to __ when he answers questions.A. be very sin cereB. be very directC. be very self-c on fide ntD. be very in differe nt57. What is the opin io n of the author concerning the differe nee of teachi ng methods betwee nChi na and the USA?A. He thinks that Chin ese teachi ng methods can make stude nts learn more.B. He holds that the major purpose of Chin ese teachi ng methods is to improve stude nts'remembra nee.C. He thinks that America n teachi ng is ability orie nted.D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.58. The author thinks that the relati on ship betwee n the stude nt and the teacher is __A. more in timate in Chi naB. closer in Chi naC. looser in USAD. more harm onious in USAQuestio ns 59 to 62 are based on the follow ing passage:With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electr onic moon beg ins to orbit about the earth. Its radio beg ins to tran smit an ast onishing amount of in formatio n about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No huma n being could possibly copy dow n all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--add, subtract, multiply and divide--with lighti ng speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster tha n any pers on can.Once it is give n a "program" -- that is, a carefully worked out set of in structi ons devised by a tech nician trained in computer Ian guage -- a computer can gather a wide range of in formati on for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocea n. In bus in ess and in dustry the computer prepares factory inven tories, keeps track of sales trends and producti on n eeds, mails divide nd checks, and makes out compa ny payrolls. It can keep bank acco unts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are pla nning a trip by pla ne, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whe never they are n eeded. The computer is really a high powered "memory" machine that "has all the answers"--or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took mon ths for people to do. At times computers seem almost huma n. They can "read" hand prin ted letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called "th inking" mach in es?Eve n though they are tak ing over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex than a computer. How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide.59. "Program" means __A. a pla n of what is to be doneB. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time tableC. a scheduled performa neeD. series of coded in struetio ns to con trol the operati ons of a computer60. The computer is a high powered "memory" machi ne, which __A. has all the ready an swers -- or almost all to any questi onsB. can remember everyth ingC. can store everyth ing and work for youD. has all the answers -- or almost to all the information that has been stored61. "Th inking" mach ines suggest that __A. they can "read" hand printed letters etcB. they really can think and do many other jobsC. they eve n desig n other computersD. they can't think, but can do somethi ng un der huma n con trol62. Can computers do whatever they want to do? Why?A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster tha n any pers on can.B. No, because they no rmally have a few hun dred thousa nd parts.C. No, because huma n brains are at least 10000 times more complex tha n any computers.D. No, because how a computer works is decided by huma n.Questio ns 63 to 66 are based on the follow ing passage:With in fiftee n years Brita in and other n ati ons should be well on with the buildi ng of huge in dustrial complexes for the recycli ng of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everyth ing that goes into the dumps would be made into someth ing useful. Eve n the most dan gerous and un pleasa nt wastes would provide en ergy if nothing else.The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This pla nt would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.Ano ther new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separati ng the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear ope n the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that groun ders and rollers break up everythi ng that can be broke n. Fin ally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.The first full scale gia nt recycli ng pla nts are, perhaps, fiftee n years away .In deed, with the grow ing cost of tran sport ing rubbish to more dista nt dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycli ng pla nts before long.63. The main purpose of the passage is __A. to show us a future way of recycli ng wastesB. to tell the importa nee of recycli ng wastesC. to warn people the dan ger of some wastesD. to in troduce a new recycli ng pla nt64. How many stages are there in the recycli ng process?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.65. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?A. To deal with wastes in a better way.B. It's a good way to gain profits.C. It's more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places.D. En ergy can be got at a lower price.66. Which of the followi ng stateme nts is true?A. The word "rubbish" will soon disappear from dicti on aries.B. Dan gerous wastes can be recycled into no thi ng but en ergy.C. To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible eve n with the new recycli ng methods.D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.Secti on BDirecti ons: You should an swer questi ons 67-75 which are based on the follow ing passages. Mark your an swer on the an swer sheet.The Motor CarA There are now over 700 million motor vehicles in the world?and the number is rising by more tha n40 milli on each year. The average dista nee drive n by car users is grow ing too - from 8 km aday per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995. This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems, including environmental pollution, depleti on of oil resources, traffic con gesti on and safety.B While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, city streets andmotorways are beco ming more crowded tha n ever, ofte n with older trucks, buses and taxis which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concen trati on of vehicles makes air quality in urba n areas un pleasa nt and sometimes dan gerous to breathe. Eve n Moscow has joined the list of capitals afflicted by congestion and traffic fumes. In Mexico City, vehicle polluti on is a major health hazard.C Un til a hun dred years ago, most journ eys were in the 20 km ran ge, the dista nee convenien tlyaccessible by horse. Heavy freight could only be carried by water or rail. The inven ti on of themotor vehicle brought personal mobility to the massesand made rapid freight delivery possible over a much wider area. In the Un ited Kin gdom, about 90 per cent of inland freight is carried by road. Clearly the world cannot revert to the horse-draw n wago n. Can it avoid being locked into con gested and polluti ng ways of tran sport ing people and goods?D In Europe most cities arc still designed for the old modes of transport. Adaptation to the motor carhas invo Ived add ing ring roads, on e-way systems and park ing lots. In the Un ited States, more land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is n ext to impossible. Mass use of motor vehicles has also killed or injured millio ns of people. Other social effects have bee n blamed on the car such as alie nati on and aggressive huma nbehaviour.E A 1993 study by the Europea n Federati on for Tran sport and En vir onment found that cartransport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entails such as con gestio n, accide nts, polluti on, I oss of cropla nd and n atural habitats depleti on of oil resources, and so on. Yet cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of pers on al tran sport. It is un realistic to expect people to give up private cars in favour ofmass tran sit.F Tech ni cal soluti on s can reduce the polluti on problem and in crease the fuel efficie ncy of engin es. But fuel con sumpti on and exhaust emissi ons depe nd on which cars arc preferred by customers and how they are drive n. Many people buy larger cars tha n they n eed for daily purposes or waste fuel by driv ing aggressively. Besides, global car us彡i in creas ing at a faster rate tha n the improveme nt in emissi ons and fuel efficie ncy which tech no logy is now making possible.G One solution that has been put forward is the Iong-term solution of designing cities and neighbourhoods so that car jour neys are not n ecessary - all esse ntial services being located within walk ing dista nee or easily accessible by public tran sport. Not on ly would this save en ergy and cut carb on dioxide emissi on s, it would also enhance the quality of com mun ity life, putt ing the emphasis on people in stead of cars. Good local gover nment is already bringing this about in some places. But few democratic com mun ities are blessed with the vision - and the capital - to make such profound changes in modem lifestyles.H A more likely sce nario seems to be a comb in ati on of mass tran sit systems for travel in to andaround cities, with sma l “ low emission ” cars for urban use and larger hybrid or lean bum cars for use elsewhere. Electro ni cally tolled highways might be used to en sure that drivers pay charges geared to actual road use. Better integration of transport systems is also highly desirable - and made more feasible by modem computers. But these are soluti ons forcountries which can afford them. In most developing countries, old cars and old tech no logies con ti nue to predo min ate.Questio ns 67-72This passage has eight paragraphs labelled A-H. Which paragraphs concen trate on the followi ng in formatio n? Choose the correct letter A-H for questi ons 67-72 and mark your an swer on the an swer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.67. a comparis on of past and prese nt tran sportatio n methods68. how driv ing habits con tribute to road problems69. the relative merits of cars and public transport70. the writer's own prediction of future solutions71. the increasing use of motor vehicles72. the impact of the car on city developme ntQuestio ns 73-75Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in this passage? For questions 73-75, chooseA. if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)B. if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)C. if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (NOT GIVEN)73. Vehicle polluti on is worse in Europea n cities tha n any where else.74. Tech no logy alone cannot solve the problem of vehicle polluti on.75. Redesig ning cities would be a short-term soluti on.。