专题十八 阅读填句

第五部分特色题型专题十八阅读填句高考试题Passage 1根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2013新课标全国Ⅰ) Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the monly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.2.Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a business.3. One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment,materials and supplies; and accounting.4.The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.5.A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C.Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E.Planning in business management has three main aspects.F.In the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.G.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.答案及剖析:1.D 上文介绍了什么是营利性商业机构。

由下文“Commonly called nonprofits”,可知此处应表示语意的转折,介绍非营利性商业机构。

故选D项。

2.C 上文提到了非营利性商业机构,此处应是对上句进行进一步的阐释和扩展。

故选C项。

3.E 上文解释了商业管理,下文具体介绍商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面,因此本句应指出商业管理中的规划包括三个方面的内容。

4.G 前一句为第一个方面,后一句为第三个方面,因此本句应介绍第二个方面,故选G项。

5.A 本段第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧:planning,direction和control。

本句前已提到前两个技巧,因此此处应该是有关control的内容。

故选A项。

Passage 2根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2013新课标全国Ⅱ)Public Speaking Training●Get a coach1. ,so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training that’s right for you.●Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren’t doing well.2. ,so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.●3.If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and don’ts,walk away! Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about.4. As far as we’re concerned,there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends.●You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly,good public speaking training should treat you as a special one,with your own personal habits.5. Your training course should help you bring out your personality,not try to turn you into someone you’re not.A.You aren’t like anybody elseB.You already do lots of things wellC.Turn your back on too many rulesD.Check the rules about dos and don’tsE.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is toughF.The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleepG.So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse答案及剖析:1.E 由下文“so get help”可知,此处指遇到困难的事情。

故选E项。

2.B 由本段标题Focus on positivies以及下文so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do可知答案为B项。

3.C 由下文中的“dos and don’ts”以及“no hard and fast rules”等信息可知应选C项。

4.G 由上文“你的大脑已装满了要谈的内容”可知,此处指“强行记住整套规则只会使事情更糟”。

故选G项。

5.A 由本段标题You are a special person not a clone及本段中的“a special one”可知应选A项。

Passage 3根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2013北京)UrbanizationUntil relatively recently,the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.1. In fact,nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的) villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning.2. The process of urbanization—the migration(迁徙) of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization,which has rapidlytransformed how people live and where they live.In 1900,fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.3. .Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies,it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.4. .Until modern times,those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants,laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries,the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.5. .Today,instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people,one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A.That kept cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.答案及剖析:1.E 结合上一句以及下一句的内容可知,此处是按时间顺序叙述城市化的进程的,且E项中的“only a few people could live in cities.”与下一句中的“nearly everyone lived on farms”相呼应。