2013年职称英语考试理工类复习笔记
职称英语理工类AB级考点的复习笔记
职称英语理工类AB级考点的复习笔记一、基础知识1. 数学•代数与方程：如一次、二次方程的解法，函数的性质等。
•几何与三角：如直线、圆、三角形的性质、相似与全等等。
•排列与组合：如排列、组合的求解方法等。
•概率与统计：如事件的概率、统计指标等。
2. 物理•力学：如牛顿三定律、牛顿运动定律等。
•电磁学：如电场、磁场的性质及相互作用等。
•光学：如光的传播、反射、折射等基本规律。
•热学：如热力学定律、热传导等。
•声学：如声音的传播、共振等。
3. 化学•物质的组成与性质：如元素、化合物的性质及分类等。
•化学反应与化学方程式：如化学反应类型、化学平衡等。
•化学计算与化学量关系：如摩尔质量、摩尔计算等。
二、重点考点1. 数学1.1 代数与方程•一次方程及一元一次方程组的求解方法，如消元法、代入法等。
•二次方程及一元二次方程组的求解方法，如配方法、公式法等。
•函数的概念、性质及相关应用，如一次函数、二次函数等。
1.2 几何与三角•直线、圆、三角形的性质，如角的度量、正弦定理、余弦定理等。
•相似与全等的判定条件及相关性质，如相似三角形的性质、全等三角形的性质等。
1.3 排列与组合•排列的概念、计算方法，如全排列、圆排列等。
•组合的概念、计算方法，如组合数等。
1.4 概率与统计•事件与概率的关系与计算，如事件的互斥与独立等。
•统计指标与统计分布的计算，如均值、标准差、正态分布等。
2. 物理2.1 力学•牛顿三定律及其应用，如受力分析、加速度计算等。
•物体运动的基本规律，如匀速直线运动、加速直线运动等。
2.2 电磁学•电场与电场力的计算，如库仑定律等。
•磁场与磁场力的计算，如洛伦兹力等。
2.3 光学•光的行为与光的传播，如光的反射、折射等。
•光学仪器与光的应用，如透镜、光的干涉、衍射等。
2.4 热学•理想气体的状态方程与性质，如理想气体定律等。
•热传导与热平衡，如热传导定律等。
2.5 声学•声音的传播与声音的特性，如声波的传播、共振等。
全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记：概括大意与完成句子第2讲（6）
⽂章主题分析：Global Warming来源：考试⼤Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three- quarters of the greenhouse(温室)effect．cloud v.使不清晰, 使多云，使阴暗;来源：考试⼤The sky clouded over.天空中云层密布(clear up v. 放晴)in the clouds 空想的; 想象的；不真实的；不切实际的来源：考试⼤被选择项分析：A Atmospheric ScientistsB The Calculations Made at the Berlin WorkshopC The Previous Calculations of the Effect of AerosolsD The Scientists’AgreementE The Authoritative ConclusionF Greenhouse Gases分析：B和C中⼀定会有答案出现。
来源：考试⼤E．分析：该段结构“这是⼀个具有很⼤影响的⼀个结论，在。
地⽅达成的，由。
科学家达成”（注意借助各句⼦主⼲内容判断句⼦⼤意），所以判断E（段落中提到的科学家仅仅是为了给提到的结论增加权威性）是答案。
同时可以判断A是⼲扰项可以被排除掉。
（A Atmospheric Scientists）B The Calculations Made at the Berlin WorkshopC The Previous Calculations of the Effect of AerosolsD The Scientists’Agreement来源：考试⼤F Greenhouse Gases24 Paragraph 33 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols(浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest，crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide(⼆氧化物)emissions．Until now，they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0．2。
2013年职称英语理工类重点词汇总结
2013年职称英语理工类重点词汇总结have/gain access to可以获得gain/have an advantage over胜过，优于take advantage of利用，趁…之机d0/try one's best尽力，努力make the best of充分利用，妥善处理catch one's breath屏息，歇口气take care of照顾，照料take charge of担任，负责take a delight in以…为乐tak e…into account考虑pay the way for为...铺平道路pay attention to注意get the best of 胜过get the.better of打败，致胜take care小心.当心take a chance冒险一试keep company with与…交往make a/the difference有影响，很重要put into effect实行，生效take effect生效，起作用keep an eye on留意，照看find fault埋怨，挑剔come/go into force生效，实施be friends with对…友好，与…交上朋友keep one's head保持镇静carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用come/go into effect生效，实施catch one eye引人注目make a face做鬼脸catch fire着火来源： make friends交朋友，友好相处make fun of取笑，嘲弄lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心get hold of抓住，掌握throw/cast light on使明白，阐明have…in mind记住，考虑到，想到come/go into operation使投入生产，使运转keep/hold pace with跟上，与...同步take place发生，进行come to the point说到要点，扼要地说get/learn by heart记住，背诵keep house管理家务，做家务Look forward to her coming soon.D：形容词(或具有形容词性质的一ed分词)+介词+ing(详见形容词词组)“should(可省略)+动词原形”用于如下结构中的that从句中： A.用于表示意原、建议、命令、提议，请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：ask要求beg请求demand要求insist坚持move建议，动员advise建议command命令desire渴望intend打算propose提议arrange安排decide决定determine决定maintain坚持，主张objeet反对order命令prefer建议require需要request要求resolve下决心recommend推荐suggest建议stipulate约定规定urge强调，促进vote公认，提议decree颁布(法令)prey请求用于it is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：advisable明智的，合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的determined决定的commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的，基本的complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的desirable合意的better较好的，更好insistent坚持的desired想要的asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的natural自然的insisted坚持的necessary必要的suggested建议urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的possible可能的strange奇怪的preferable好一点proposed提议proposed提议requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐resolved决定的probable可能的pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾表示建议、要求，命令，请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句;常考的有：advice忠告decision，demand，desire，insistence，motion提议necessity必要性order命令preference偏爱，选择proposal，pray恳求recommendation推荐request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告，忠告。
全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记词汇
前言Ø职称英语等级考试介绍全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分为三个专业类别：综合类，理工类和卫生类。
每个专业类别的考试又各分为A，B，C三个等级。
三个等级的考试总分都为100分，考试时间均为2小时。
职称英语考试的考题均由6个部分组成，但不同等级的阅读量和阅读难易程度不同。
考题的六的部分分别为：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）；阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）；概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）；阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）；补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）；完型填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）*主题分析各个级别的试卷内容，除了综合类外，普通英语和专业英语考试题目各占50%。
以理工B和理工A分别为例：2002年B 级阅读理解考题：A Thirsty World, Nonverbal Thinking in Engineering(2002年版职称用书补全短文试题); Black Holes2003年B 级阅读理解考题：New Foods and the New World(2002年版职称用书试题); Please Fasten Your Seatbelt; “Salty” Rice Plant Boosts Harvests比较：2002年A 级阅读理解考题：Valuing Childhood; Hacking; Space-Age Archeology2003年A 级阅读理解考题：“Salty” Rice Plant Boosts Harvests; Living with Computer, The Body Clockattached materials:from Nonverbal Thinking in Engineering… Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to clear verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process.补充：reduce: vt. vi. （与to连用）减少至; 变为，化为e.g. The fire reduced the forest to a few trees. 大火把森林烧得仅剩下几颗树。
2013年全国职称英语等级考试(理工类C级)真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年全国职称英语等级考试（理工类C级）真题及详解部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）。
第1下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。
1. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me.A. seizedB. threwC. brokeD. stretched【答案】A【解析】句意：我抓住他的胳膊使他扭头看我。
划线单词grabbed是grab的过去式，意为“抓住”。
seized逮住。
threw丢弃。
broke 打破。
stretched伸直。
因此，本题正确答案为A。
2. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning.A. borderB. goalC. peakD. level【答案】C【解析】句意：早八点至九点是上班交通高峰期。
划线词组rush hour意为“(上下班交通)高峰期”。
peak使达到最高点。
border接近。
goal攻门。
level水平；标准。
因此，本题正确答案为C。
3. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A. rightB. obviousC. unbelievableD. unclear【答案】C【解析】句意：这真是令人难以置信，他已经在那儿一个星期了。
划线单词incredible 意为“难以置信的，惊人的”。
unbelievable难以置信的，不可思议的。
right正确的。
obvious 明显的。
unclear 不清楚的。
因此，本题正确答案为C。
4. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.A. bringB. separateC. putD. set【答案】B【解析】句意：我尝试让自己摆脱这些可怕的事情。
2013职称英语(理工类)资料-推荐下载
光盘资料第一部分 考纲解读一、概述总述：全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。
专业类别注：三类考试的共同点和不同点：每个级别的试卷内容，除综合类外，普通英语和专业英语题目各占50%。
对于类别的区分意义不大，原则上考生报综合、理工、卫生的任何一类都是可以的，考生可结合自身情况及单位规定进行报考。
在正式考试中，50%的题都是一样的。
等级总分：100分考试时间：120分钟注：参加考试的考生允许带一本普通的英语字典进入考场。
建议参加C 级和B 级考试的考生可以使用《牛津英汉双解词典（中级）》，参加A 级考试的考生适用《牛津英汉双解词典（高级）》，还可以同时考虑准备一本《牛津英语同义词词典》。
二、评价目标总目标：要求：（一）词汇量注：可以主要掌握2000个左右的核心单词和短语结构。
实际考试中出现的超纲词一般都会给出中文注释。
（二）语法知识注：不直接考查语法，对基本语法的考查融入到各类考题中，进行间接考查。
（三）阅读理解能力三、考试内容与试卷结构总述：A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难以程度不同。
考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。
试卷结构及考查目的（总题量65题，满分100分）题型材料类型答题要求考查目的题量分值第一部分词汇选项（四选一）15个句子给出15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
在一定语境下理解单词或短语的意义。
1515第二部分阅读判断（三选一）1篇短文（300～450词）给出7句话，要求应试者根据文章内容做出判断（正、误、没有直接或间接提到）。
识别和判断文章信息。
77第三部分概括大意与完成句子(选择搭配)1篇短文（300～450词）分两部分：1.概况大意（6选4）；2.完成句子（6选4）。
抓大意，掌握细节。
88第四部分阅读理解（四选一）3篇短文（各300～450词）每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项，要求应试者从中选择1个最佳答案。
2013年职称英语理工类押题范围
重要范围2013年职称英语理工类重点复习范围理工类C级阅读理解11(新)考题预测19(新)冲刺20614完形填空3(新)（考题预测）8(新)冲刺72 B级阅读理解37（考题预测）35冲刺323334完形填空12（考题预测）11冲刺8A级阅读理解48(新)考题预测50冲刺424649完形填空13（考题预测）14冲刺15注释：例：11：意思是教材中阅读理解第11篇文章。
3、8、7、2：意思是教材中完型填空第3、8、7、2 篇文章。
即：上表格中的数字为教材中对应的篇数新：意思是今年新增的文章；考题预测：意思是考题预测班讲过这篇文章，大家可以在考题预测班重新看；冲刺：意思是冲刺班讲过这篇文章，大家可以在冲刺班重新看。
具体内容如下：C级：阅读理解：第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep第六篇Making Light of Sleep第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers完型填空：第三篇Giant Structures 第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultrures第七篇An Intelligent Car 第二篇Avalanche and Its SafetyB级：阅读理解：第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone”Gets New Meaning第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive 第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses完形填空：第十二篇Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesA级：阅读理解：第四十八篇：Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as “Ecosystem Engineers”第四十九讲U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars完形填空：第十三篇Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth’s Waters第十五篇“Liquefaction”Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage。
职称英语考试理工类重点词汇
xx年职称英语考试理工类重点词汇bear/keep in mind记住make up one's mind下决心put…in order，检修play a part in起作用take the place of代替bring/carry into practice实施，实行make progress进步，进展make sense讲得通，有意义keep in touch保持联系lose touch失去联系put…to us e使用，利用lead the way带路，引路make way让路，开路give rise to引起，使发生catch the sight of发现，突然看见take one's time不急不忙，沉着进展keep track通晓事态，注意动向make use of利用give way让路，让步make one's way前进，进展keep one's word遵守诺言attempt at企图，努力interference in干预appeal to呼吁，要求attitude to/towards态度，看法influence 0n影响interference with阻碍，打搅introduction to介绍lots of大量，很多a matter of(关于...)的问题reply to答复，答复a lot(of)许多(的)，大量(的)fall in love with相爱，爱上a number of假设干，许多a series of一系列，一连串credit card信用卡next door隔壁face to face面对面地a few有些，几个a little一点，稍微，一些，少许quite a little相当多，不少the moment(that)一……就I.D.card身份证no doubt无疑，必定out of doors在户外as a matter of fact实际情况，真相quite a few还不少，有相当数目的little by little逐渐地no matter无论no more不再fair play公平竞赛;公平对待rest room厕所，盥洗室side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个step by step逐步all the time一直，始终once in a while偶尔，有时word for word逐字地in demand有需要，销路好primary school小学heart and soul全心全意ahead 0ftime提前once upon a time从前no wonder难怪，怪不得decline with thanks婉言谢绝动词+介词形式aount for说明(原因等)allow for考虑到arrive at达成，得出ask for请求，要求begin with从开始break off断绝，完毕break up中止，完毕;打碎，折断aim at瞄准，针对appeal to呼吁，要求ask after询问，问候attach to附属于，隶属于break into闯入break through突破bring about带来，造成bring down打倒，挫伤;降低bringforth产生，提出bringforward提出bring up教育，培养，使成长call for邀请;要求，需求call off放弃，取消call on/upon访问，拜访;号召，呼吁care for照管，关心;喜欢，意欲early on继续下去;从事，经营e to总计，到达;苏醒，复原。
2013年职称英语理工类C级重点整理(阅读+完形 便携版方便考前突击)
2013年职称英语理工类C级重点整理（阅读+完形便携版方便考前突击）《阅读理解》第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口Psychologists have known for decades that what‟s going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the bra in‟s high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.刚吃过（=non-hungry）（第2题答案出处）For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second 三百分之一秒each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously有意识的perceive感知.（第4题答案出处1）A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they‟d seen —a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared 出现too briefly短暂地for the participant to really read it.（第4题答案出处2）Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes, Radel says.“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for争取（第5题答案出处）. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal 支配of our motives 动机and needs,” Radel says.（第3题答案出处）通过标志词“new”找到本文中心句-------比起那些刚刚用过餐的人，饥饿的人能更清晰地看到与食品有关的词。
2013年职称英语_高效速记讲义_理工C
学派网2013年职称英语理工(C)高效速记讲义高效速记讲义的运用1. 阅读理解：a. 先看句子版的，把中英文意思对照看明白，理解。
b. 看完句子版的，再看关键字版的，因为有前面的理解在那里，所以才能看懂关键字说的什么意思。
c. 句子版和关键字版看完后，再看对应文章老师的视频讲解，把文章看熟，以防换题。
d. 看熟后，把关键字写到字典里：标题关键字的第一个单词的那一页。
中文意思啥的就不写了，平常看熟就可以。
e. 考场上变题，一般也是细节题或主旨题：细节题在题干中找关键词回去定位；主旨题（subject, mainly about都是主旨题的标志）看标题和第一段。
匹配度最高的就是答案。
2. 完形填空：a. 对照句子版看全文版，句子版里的单词都是全文版里标红的。
对照看，全文都会留印象，任务量都不大，大家费些心。
看书后，把句子版写到字典里：标题关键字的第一个单词的那一页开始，根据句子长短分开写到接下来的诸多页码中。
b. 句子版里面的省略号，就是文中不重要的细节，直接忽略。
在考场上，一个句子最多两个空，所以，其他单词能对上，答案也就能定位了。
c. 另外，文章中重复率比较高的表达，也没有写上，是减轻记忆负担的：考场上，直接在前后句子里面找，肯定能找到答案。
这类词，我都写到标题后面的括号里面了。
d. 如果完形看的比较熟，往字典上抄的时候，长单词写前三个字母就可以了。
第4部分：阅读理解第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach标题关键词：Eye-Stomach五个题的“题干—答案”关键词1. new study, find—hungry, sensitive, food-related words(新研究发现什么—饥饿的人对与食物相关的词汇敏感)2. why, delay—two groups, hungry, non-hungry(为什么要推迟—创造两组：饥饿组和非饥饿组)3. writer, tell—brains, disposal, motives, needs(作者告诉我们什么—大脑根据我们的动机和需求处理信息)4. results, indicate—80 words, too fast to perceive(实验结果显示什么—80个词汇出现太快，无法凭感觉辨认)5. infer—Humans, perceive need, without thinking(根据文章可推断什么—人类会下意识地感知自己的需求)第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience标题关键词：Musical Robot五个题的“题干—答案”关键词1. NOT true, 3 Paras—Shimi, creator (可能变化为问前三段讲了什么：Shimi, musical companion, docking station)(前三段什么不对—Shimi是机器人的创造者)2. Shimi do, taps beat—selects matched song, plays(打节拍时，Shimi会做什么—选择匹配的歌曲并播放之)3. about Shimi, true—creative, interactive(有关Shimi哪项是对的—Shimi有创意和互动性)4. author/writer, tell—stronger, more versatile Shimi(可能会变)(作者告诉我们什么—研究中心正在开发更强功能更全的Shimi)5. Weinberg’s asse rtion—Human lives, fun, Shimi, homes(Weinberg的论断是什么—Shimi进入家庭，人类生活会更有趣)第6部分：完形填空全文版：第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around 1,800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other features of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in2004 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France. At the time it was built, it was the world’s highest bridge, reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to relieve Millau’s congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, which forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two countries. The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paragua y’s and 25% of Brazil’s energy needs. In its construction, the amountof iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a truly amazing wonder of engineering.句子版：(linked by, building, built, complete, construction, wonder)1. since…more wonderful constructions appear2. three…which…worthy of…although…surpassed by some more recent wonders3. the tallest buildings…when completed in 19994. With a height of…tall twin…dominate3. symbolizing a gateway to4. American architect…designed the skyscrapers5. Constructed of…concrete…provides around…on every floor6. shopping center…concert hall at the base7. Other features of…impressive…include8. was opened in…9. At the time…highest…reaching over…at the highest point10. described as one of the most amazingly beautiful11. to relieve…problems12. caused by…passing from…to13. withstand the most extreme…conditions. Besides…guaranteed14. one of the largest…of its kind15. consists of a series of…across…which forms…natural border between…and16. carried out as a joint project between the two countries18. well-known for both…electricity output and19. produced…energy needs20. the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over21. a truly amazing wonder第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp decline in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental problem. The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the birds. It is also causing serious public health problems across the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have long played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India Sea. It is because they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are traditionally left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has led to an explosion in the numbers of wilddogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may increase as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the future.The need for action is urgent, so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds’ deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture deaths were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as“critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and take about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.句子版：(decline, causing, birds, rabies, species, serious, problems)1. but the sudden sharp decline in…species…producing alarm rather than celebration…presents…with…environmental problem2.dramatic…numbers…causing widespread disruption…the same areas as the birds3. serious public health problems across4. While…reputation…appearance…unpleasant…have long played a very important role in5. because they feed on6. sacred…traditionally left in the open when…die in…thousands upon thousands7. disappearance…has led to…explosion in the numbers of…feeding on…remains…dead8. fears that…increase as a result9. terrifying disease…affect humans…since…carriers10. also spread to other…an even greater problem in the future11. need for action is urgent, so…emergency project…launched to find a solution to12. trying to identify the disease…birds’ deaths…if possible, develop a cure12. deaths were first noticed at…13. population survey…showed that…declined by14. listed as “critically endangered16. As most… lay only single eggs…take about five years…reach maturity。
2013年职称英语理工A类真题试卷与答案解析
2013 年职称英语理工 A 级真题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。
1.The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.A.inflexibleB.generalC. complexD. direct2.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A.turned deadB. passed byC. carried awayD. become extinct3.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A.shortenB. endC. startD. resume4.Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.A.argueB. claimC. wishD. compete5.The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.A.simpleB.reliableC. effectiveD.alternative6.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.A.moralB. regularC. fundamentalD.hard7.The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.A.pollutedB. treatedC. testedD.corruptede out, or I ’ llbust the door down.A.shutB. setC. breakD.beat9.She shed a few tears at her daughter’weddings.A.wipedB. injectedC. producedD. removed10.They didn ’seemt to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.A.existenceB. importanceC. causeD. situation11.The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.A.unknownB. unusualC. undamagedD. unstable12.Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.A.doubtfulB. untouchedC. certainD.silent13. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.A. rejectedB. submittedC.consideredD. approved14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A. sendB. spreadC. hearD. confirm15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A. nakedB. cautiousC. blindD. private2013 年职称英语真题理工(A) 词汇题的答案：1.A ： inflexible2.D： become extinct3.B： end4.D： compete5.A ： simple6.C： fundamental7.A: polluted8.C： break9.C： produce10.B ： importance11.C： undamaged12.A ：doubtful13.D ：approved14.B ： spread15.B ： cautious第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 16~22题，每题 1 分，共7 分 )下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。
2013年职称英语真题理工B
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题及参考答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.A shutB breakC setD beat2. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A nakedB blindC cautiousD private3. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A generalB inflexibleC complexD direct4. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A rightB unbelievableC obviousD unclear5. These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A exploreB inhabitC preferD travel6. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A sendB hearC confirmD spread7. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A found by chanceB passed byC took a notice ofD woke up8. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A aboutB atC withD from9. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A expressB divideC influenceD voice10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A taughtB keptC changedD attracted11. He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.A withholdB exchangeC understandD contact12. Make sure the table is securely anchored.A repairedB clearedC bookedD fixed13. She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A offensiveB worriedC sleepyD anxious14. There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A differentB strangeC wrongD funny15. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A shortenB endC startD resume参考答案: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.B第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2013年职称英语真题参考答案(理工类B级仅供参考)
2013职称英语考试试卷2013年职称英语综合类真题参考答案(理工类B级仅供参考)2013年职称英语考试落下帷幕，笔者及时整理了2013年职称英语理工类真题试卷及参考答案（B级），由于时间仓促，有不对请指证，相互学习。
预祝大家取得好成绩！2013职称英语理工类B级真题试卷及答案：第1部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A sendB hearC confirmD spread2.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A shortenB endC startD resumee out，or I’ll bust the door down.A shutB breakC setD beat4.She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A offensiveB worriedC sleepyD anxious5.As a politician，he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A expressB divideC influenceD voice6.She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A found by chanceB passed byC took a notice ofD woke up7.I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A aboutB atC withD from8.He paused，waiting for her to digest the information.A withholdB exchangeC understandD contact9.Make sure the table is securely anchored.A repairedB clearedC bookedD fixed10.There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A differentB strangeC wrongD funny11.These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A exploreB inhabitC preferD travel12.It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A rightB unbelievableC obviousD unclear13.The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A nakedB blindC cautiousD private14. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A taughtB keptC changedD attracted15.The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A generalB inflexibleC complexD direct第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
职称英语理工类AB级考点的重点复习笔记
职称英语理工类AB级考点的重点复习笔记The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World1. Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever built. You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence. One day a similar engine might power a tiny mechanical doctor that would travel through your body to remove your disease.2. The motor works by shuffling(来回运动) atoms(原子) between two molten metal droplets(小滴) in a carbon nanotube(纳米管). One droplet is even smaller than the other. When a small electric current is applied to the droplets, atoms slowly get out of the larger droplet and join the smaller one. The small droplet grows but never gets as big as the other droplet and eventually bumps into the large droplet. As they touch, the large droplet rapidly sops up (吸入)the atoms it had previously lost. This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke(动力行程).3. The technique exploits the fact that surface tension -- the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating -- bees more important at small scales. Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water.。
全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记第4讲：阅读理解第一讲
全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记第4讲：阅读理解第一讲前言Ø阅读理解出题特点：以2002年和2003年理工A/B阅读理解题的出题特点进行比较：2002年理工B阅读理解题：A Thirsty WorldNonverbal Thinking in Engineering *(补全短文部分练习题)Black HolesAbout computer: computers, live with computer, Electronic Mail, Hacking2003年理工B阅读理解题：New Foods and The New World *(阅读理解部分练习题)Please fasten your seatbelts*(阅读理解部分练习题)“Salty” rice plant boosts harvestAttached materials:From A Thirsty World主题理解---The world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth’s surface is covered with water…语言特点：句子结构较简单，多为简单句或简单复合句。
From “Salty” rice plant boosts harvest主题理解--- British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.语言特点：多为简单句或简单复合句，但是文章中也出现了一定数量的结构较为复杂的句子，如：Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing muchneeded food in the poorer countries of the world.2002年理工A阅读理解题：valuing childhoodHacking *(阅读理解部分练习题)Space-Age Archeology2003年理工A阅读理解题：“Salty” rice plant boosts harvestLiving with computer *(阅读理解部分练习题)The body clockFrom Valuing Childhood主题理解---The value of childhood is easily blurred（变得模糊不清楚）in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in ., schoolyard shooting case..语言特点：句子结构较简单，多为简单句或简单复合句。
度米文库汇编之全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记6概括大意与完
度米文库汇编之全国职称英语考试理工类AB级课堂笔记:6概括大意与完成句子第1讲[1]答案及解析:1．文章标题分析:carl sagan来源：考试大借助文章开头句子进一步了解文章文章标题/文章中心:“no one has ever succeeded in conveying the wonder.. and joy of science as widely ..and few as well.” that praise was given on carl sagan when he was honored with the public welfare medal,..补充:来源：考试大convey: v. 运送；运输; 通知；通报；传达来源：考试大e.g. wires convey electricity. 金属线导电来源：考试大。
e.g. i will convey the information to him. 我将把这消息通知他。
synonyms: carry, deliver, hand over, inform, report, send, tell succeed in: v. 在...方面成功来源：考试大be honored with: v. 被授予... 来源：考试大2．小标题备选项分析—注意备选项的核心词以及备选项之间在语意上的关系:来源：考试大g. sagan as a science populariser（科学普及作家）h. honor sagan enjoyedi. sagan’s publicationsj. description of the first meeting with sagank. sagan’s criticism on pseudo-science（伪科学）l. sagan in trouble with other scientists补充:来源：考试大enjoy: vt. 喜爱；欣赏; 享有，享受来源：考试大e.g. i enjoy my job. 我喜爱我的工作。
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2013年职称英语考试理工类复习笔记一、动词从一定意义上讲，英语语法就是动词的语法，因此，掌握动词的特性、变化、句型是学习英语语法的重中之重。
为了能更好地理解下面的讲课内容，首先要搞清动词的几个基本概念。
1) be 动词和do动词：be动词也称状态动词，用于说明状态或性质，主要用于构成英语的主系表句型;do动词也称为行为动词，分及物动词和不及物动词;2) 及物动词和不及物动词：不及物动词后面不跟宾语, 也没有被动语态; 及物动词后面一定要有宾语;3) 双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)结构和复合宾语(宾语+ 宾语补足语)结构：比较下面两个句子：My mother made me a cake.(母亲给我做了块蛋糕。
)My father made me a doctor. (父亲把我培养成一名医生。
)第一句是双宾语结构，即My mother made a cake for me.第二句是复合宾语结构，其句法功能为：My father made me (to) be a doctor (I am a doctor). 说明复合宾语结构中，宾语和宾语补足语之间有"主谓关系".4) 情态动词：must, should, ought to, can, may, need, used to 等动词称为情态动词，有三大特征：A. 不受主语人称和数的影响，如：He may go now. / May I go now? 句中may的形式不变;B. 否定时在后面加not, 如：You ought not to have cheated her. C. 与另一动词连用，中间不用+ " to ", 如上举例。
请根据上述原则，(从语法角度)说出以下那种表达方式是对的：A. She needs to see a doctor.B. She doesn't need to see a doctor.C. Does she need to see a doctor?D. She needs not see a doctor.E. She needn't see a doctor.F. She doesn't need see a doctor.G. She needs see a doctor.从语法角度看，A、B、C、E是对的。
5) 助动词：帮助实意动词构成某种结构的词，如: He did come yesterday; I saw him in the office.(他昨天确实来了;我在办公室见到他的。
——表示强调) 五个基本句型考研网校医药网校外语网校公务员网校网络课堂网上学习建筑网校职业网校网校学历网校计算机网校卫生网校小学网校石家庄装饰根据动词的特性，构成英语中五个基本句型：1) 主语+ 系动词+ 表语2) 主语+ 不及物动词(+ 其他成分)3) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语4) 主语+ 及物动词+ 双宾语5) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语我们在学习5个基本句型时，主要关心每个句型中的出题点在哪里。
(一)第一句型：主语+ 系动词+ 表语1) 系动词一般为be 动词。
注意：look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等词可以作"半系动词"用，按行为动词方式变化，起系动词的作用。
试验比较：——He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.(他摸遍了口袋但没有找到一分钱。
——feel为行为动词)——You look pale. Do you feel unwell? (你脸色苍白，感到不舒服?——look / feel为系动词)一般来说，动词后面跟的是个形容词或名词，该动词为系动词，如：The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.实例："Don't worry. Let me take your pulse first." "Oh, it ______ normal." (脉搏正常)A. is feltB. is feelingC. feelsD. felt解题思路：normal为形容词，前面应为系动词;系动词没有被动语态，故A 不对; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系动词一般不用进行时，B也不对;D时态错了，故正确答案为C.2)there be是英语中非常重要的一个句型：there是引导词，不解释"那里"; 这是个倒装句, 主语在be动词的后面, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。
西安装修网西安装修公司西安装饰公司会计网校网校排名西安家装网西安家装公司大连装修网大连装饰西安装修注意中国学生容易搞错的问题：There isn't enough furniture in the room.(房间里家具不够)错：There hasn't enough furniture in the room.There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.(毫无疑问，中国已消灭天花。
)错：It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (充分证据表明，爱滋病正在亚洲迅速蔓延。
——同位语从句)错：It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. (可以：It is evident that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia. - 主语从句)第二句型：主语+ 不及物动词(+ 其他成分)在这个句型中主要注意及物动词与不及物动词的区分：不及物动词及物动词rise /rose / risen(升起) raise /raised / raised (提高)arise / arose / arisen (from)(产生) arouse / aroused / aroused(唤起)lie / lay / lain(躺下) lay / laid / laid(放下)arrive at(到达) reach(到达)wait for(等待) await(等待)remain(仍旧) maintain(保持，维修)*上面所注仅为典型词义，要根据句子判别其他意思。
此外，该句型常采用倒装形式，注意辨别，主要是以下两种情况：1) 用here 或there引导：Here comes the bus. (汽车来了。
) / There rings the bell. (铃响了。
)2) 在动词+ 介词短语的结构中，往往将介词短语提前：On the top of the hill stands a pretty little house.(山顶上有一座漂亮的小房子。
)(三)第三句型：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语我们知道，名词可以做主语和宾语，非谓语动词-ing和to do也可以做主语和宾语，作主语：Learning a foreign language is not easy.(学门外语并不容易。
)石家庄装修公司石家庄装修石家庄装修网石家庄装饰网西安装饰石家庄装饰公司大连装修公司大连装修大连装饰网大连装饰公司To learn a foreign language is not easy. (= It is not easy to learn a foreign language.)从语法角度讲，上述两个表达方式都可以。
但是，当动词处于宾语位置时，就不能这样"随心所欲"了，因为英语语法有以下几个规定：1)acknowledge / admit / appreciate / avoid / consider / contemplate / defer / deny / dislike / enjoy / escape / evade / excuse / facilitate / fancy / favor / feel like / finish / give up / cannot help / cannot stand / imagine / include / keep (on) / do not mind / miss / permit / practice / regret / resent / risk / suggest 等词后面的动词宾语必须用-ing 形式，重点和首先要掌握黑体字部分。
由于这些次的词义与解题关系不大，没有给出具体词义解释。
若需要，请学生自己查字典解决。
这是语法考试的一个重点，要对以上词特别敏感，例如：It is impossible to avoid ______ by the stormy weather.A. being much affectedB. having much affectedC. to be much affectedD. to have been much affected解题思路：1)一看到avoid一词，便可确定正确答案在A、B中; 2)affect意为"影响"，及物动词，故B不对。
[如果做题时间来不及，此类题目若有"主动语态"和"被动语态"之分，一般选"被动语态"的正确率高些。
第四句型：主语+ 及物动词+ 双宾语有些动词(主要是"授予动词")后面需要或可以接双宾语结构，如：give, write, buy, send, make等You may send him an E-mail or write him a letter.这个句子也可使用以下结构：You may send an E-mail (to him) or write a letter to him. 所以"to" 和"for" 是连接双宾语结构的重要介词。