Most Often Misused NOA Cs - NFC Processing Tips

合集下载

上海外语口译证书考试：2022英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试真题模拟及答案(2)

上海外语口译证书考试：2022英语中级口译岗位资格证书考试真题模拟及答案(2)1、The author has written the passage mainly for ______.（单选题）A. general readersB. power brokersC. economistsD. decision makers试题答案：A2、According to the passage, which exits should an airline passenger locate before takeoff?（单选题）A. The front one and the back one.B. The two closest to the pilot seat.C. The ones that can be found in the dark.D. The ones with counted rows of seats between them.试题答案：C3、The best title for the Text may be ______.（单选题）A. Use Humor EffectivelyB. Various Kinds of HumorC. Add Humor to SpeechD. Different Humor Strategies试题答案：A4、We can conclude from the passage about nuclear fusion EXCEPT ______.（单选题）A. it has great potential to produce abundant clean energyB. NIF has just finished constructing a practical fusion reactorC. extreme temperatures are needed to work itD. it has not been successfully used to produce net energy gain in labs试题答案：B5、Which of the following statements is true?（单选题）A. Developing fever is the privilege of warm-blooded animals, so sick lizards cannot run a fever.B. Invertebrates also have the ability to raise their temperature.C. The internal temperatures of warm-blooded creatures are independent of the weather, so are the cold-blooded animals.D. Sick lizards move into the sun to develop fever.试题答案：B6、It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that Christopher Lash is most probably ______.（单选题）A. a reform advocateB. a senior psychologistC. a reputed poetD. a social historian试题答案：D7、Not being able to sleep can be dangerous if we ______.（单选题）A. are feeling wellB. worry about it too muchC. repair our bodies by restingD. plan our sleeping lives carefully试题答案：B8、Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to ______.（单选题）A. how dreams are modified in their coursesB. the difference between sleep and wakefulnessC. why sleep is of great benefit to memoryD. the functions of a good night’s sleep试题答案：C9、The word “imprimatur” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______.（单选题）A. dislikeB. betrayalC. approvalD. suspicion试题答案：C10、According to Hudson Institute researchers, the effect of the early retirement of qualified workers in the U. S. economy is ______.（单选题）A. constructiveB. significantC. inconclusiveD. detrimental试题答案：D11、We may infer from the second paragraph that ______.（单选题）A. gas price has no influence on drivers.B. Toyota Yaris is not welcome in Manhattan.C. Nissan Versa has already been well selling for its six-speed transmission.D. Honda Fit is more economical than Chevy Suburban SUV.试题答案：D12、It seems that the author of this passage ______.（单选题）A. is one of Freud’s devoteesB. believes in both Animism and ZoroastrianismC. thinks that Freudian theory is soundD. thinks that the truth is not in the hand of Freud试题答案：D13、From Heilman’s remark, we can see that ______.（单选题）A. full use has been made of the wisdom of older peopleB. the wisdom of older people is not valued by American societyC. older people are no less intelligent than young peopleD. the wisdom of older people is of great value to American society试题答案：C14、The passage implies that ______.（单选题）A. the fever process is widespread because moderate fevers have benefitsB. the reduction of fevers can inhibit bacterial growthC. man can use sun lamp to raise lizards’ temperatureD. Crayfish injected with bacteria have a purpose for moving to hot areas试题答案：D15、According to the author, the most effective way to decrease the rate of population growth is ______.（单选题）A. by making it a national policy that each couple must not give birth to more than three childrenB. by exerting more international pressure upon those high-fertility regionsC. by modifying the widely held values which guide the actions of many individuals and couplesD. by providing the rural poor with means for limiting the family size试题答案：C16、According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（单选题）A. School phobia, which is widespread in many countries, is no cause for alarm.B. The problem of school phobia in Japan can not be solved unless it gets rid of its social evils.C. Despite school phobia the Japanese educational system remains on of the best in the world.D. Unrelenting pressures in the Japanese society contribute greatly to success.试题答案：B17、The main idea of this passage is ______.（单选题）A. how to distinguish people’s facesB. how to describe people’s personalityC. how to distinguish people both inwardly and outwardlyD. how to tell good persons from bad persons without wearing masks试题答案：C18、We may infer from the fourth paragraph that ______.（单选题）A. humans have been growing food crops more than ten thousand years.B. humans have learned how to produce biofuels for a long time.C. humans are just on the beginning of making biofuels.D. a cell wall includes four hemicellulose.试题答案：C19、According to the author, seniority pay favors ______.（单选题）A. good teachers’ with master’s degreesB. young and effective teachersC. experienced and effective teachersD. mediocre teachers of average quality试题答案：D20、In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the point that ______.（单选题）A. shareholders interests should be properly attended toB. information protection should be given due attentionC. businesses should enhance their level of accounting securityD. the market value of customer data should be emphasized试题答案：B21、It can be learned from the passage that the British author Salman Rushdie ______.（单选题）A. lived in hiding under the protection of Scotland Yard for a decadeB. had spent the decade living in Scotland Yard until 1998C. lived in hiding in New York for one decadeD. had moved from place to place since the publication of The Satanic Verses试题答案：A22、In their study, researchers led by Pierre Maquet took advantage of the technique of ______.（单选题）A. exposing a long-held folk wisdomB. clarifying the predictions on dreamsC. making contrasts and comparisonsD. correlating effects with their causes试题答案：C23、The author cites the dog as an example of artificial selection because of all the following statements EXCEPT that ______.（单选题）A. Dogs are domestic animalsB. The dog is one of nature’s survivorsC. Breeders register dogs to obtain a pedigreeD. Humans have been the primary agents in dog evolution试题答案：B24、All of the following are mentioned as sources of energy of rural agricultural societies EXCEPT ______.（单选题）A. firewoodB. dung cakeC. solar powerD. agricultural waste试题答案：C25、According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Andry Rajoelina?（单选题）A. He represents Antananarivo’s poor urban residents.B. He is not accepted by most countries.C. He was mayor of Antananarivo.D. He has been a famous orator throughout Madagascar.试题答案：D26、It seems that the author of this passage ______.（单选题）A. is one of Freud’s devoteesB. believes in both Animism and ZoroastrianismC. thinks that Freudian theory is soundD. thinks that the truth is not in the hand of Freud试题答案：D27、Mount Rushmore needs to be ______.（单选题）A. protected from air pollutionB. polished for touristsC. closed during the winterD. repaired periodically试题答案：D28、The author of the text is primarily concerned with ______.（单选题）A. advancing a new methodology for changing a monkey’s social behaviorB. comparing the methods of several research studies on aggression among monkeysC. explaining the reasons for researcher’s interest in monkey’ s social behaviorD. discussing the development of investigators’ theories about aggression among monkeys试题答案：D29、The author has written the passage mainly for ______.（单选题）A. general readersB. power brokersC. economistsD. decision makers试题答案：A30、The first paragraph tells us that African Americans ______.（单选题）A. have been trying hard to be socially acceptedB. have been changing their value about beautyC. have maintained their identity of traditional AfricansD. have modified their hairstyles to fit into the society试题答案：A31、Which of the following is the figure provided of the attackers in the passage?（单选题）A. Four men wearing backpacks scaled the academy’s walls according to a construction worker.B. Punjab police chief said there were about 8 to 10 attackers.C. Some injured police recruits at the hospital claimed there must have been more than 10 attackers.D. Army official claimed 95 recruits were injured.试题答案：B32、It can be inferred that the author of the text most likely regards the criticism of methanol as ______.（单选题）A. flawed because of the assumptions on which it is basedB. inapplicable because of an inconsistency in the critics’ argumentsC. misguided because of its exclusively technological focusD. inaccurate because it ignores consumers’ concerns试题答案：A33、Why does Seattle have a better survival rate of cardiac arrest than other cities?（单选题）A. People in Seattle are probably better off than people in many other states.B. Seattle participates in a government-funded medical research network.C. All medical centers in Seattle are the most high-powered.D. Seattle tracks outcomes of cardiac-arrest cases to judge their performance.试题答案：D34、The word “xenophobia” (para. 2) means “______.”（单选题）A. partialityB. arbitarinessC. discriminationD. antipathy试题答案：D35、The demonstrations ______.（单选题）A. which once supported Andry Rajoelina have been replaced by the ones against himB. are spreading nationwideC. are being cracked down by the militaryD. show most people in Madagascar don’t accept the new president试题答案：A36、One of Freudian theories is that ______.（单选题）A. humans are half beast and half angelB. sexual and aggressive impulses are the basic human drivesC. humans always fight with the complicated natureD. sex is only part of human bewilderments试题答案：B37、The author cites the dog as an example of artificial selection because of all the following statements EXCEPT that ______.（单选题）A. Dogs are domestic animalsB. The dog is one of nature’s survivorsC. Breeders register dogs to obtain a pedigreeD. Humans have been the primary agents in dog evolution试题答案：B38、The underlined word “screenings”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.（单选题）A. projectionsB. revelationsC. demonstrationsD. diversions试题答案：A39、起吊过程中，在起重机（）等动作前，起重司机应鸣声示意。

雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（20）

雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（20）雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（20）(1~10/共10题)SECTION 1SECTION 1 Questions 1-10Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/ORA.NUMBER for each answer. Play00:0005:58Volume第1题NOTES - Christmas DinnerExample answerNumber to book for: …45……Date of dinner: 21 DecemberChoices for venue:·First choice 1 ............................ Tel. number: not known·Second choice 2 ............................ Tel. number: 777192·Third choice 3 ............................ Tel. number: 4 ......................Price per person: ￡12Restaurant must have vegetarian food and a 5 ............................Menu: First course - French Onion Soup OR Fruit JuiceMain course - Roast Dinner OR 6 ............................Dessert - Plum Pudding OR Apple Pie- CoffeeRestaurant requires from us:7 ............................ and letter of confirmationand we must 8 ............................ in advance.Must confirm in writing by: 9 ............................Put notice in 10 ............................___第2题___第3题___第4题___第5题___第6题___第7题___第8题___第9题___第10题___下一题(11~16/共10题)SECTION 2Play00:0002:11Volume第11题Questions 11-13Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ORA.NUMBER for each answer. MEMBERSHIP OF SPORTS CENTRECost 11 ￡..........per12..........Where? 13..........When? 2to6pm,Monday to ThursdayBring: Union cardPhotoFee___第12题___第13题___第14题Questions 14-16Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Always bring sports14..........when you come to 15..........or use the Centre's facilities. Opening hous 9 am to 10 pm on 16..........10 am to 6 pm on Saturdays50%'morning discount' 9 am to 12 noon on weekdays___第15题___第16题___上一题下一题(17~20/共10题)SECTION 2Questions 17-20Look at the map of the Sports Complex below.Label the buildings on the map of the Sports Complex.Choose your answers from the box below and write them against Questions 17-20. Play00:0001:37VolumeArts StudioFootball PitchTennis CourtsDance StudioFitness RoomReceptionSquash Courts图片第17题_______第18题_______第19题______第20题_______上一题下一题(21~30/共10题)SECTION 3SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBER for each answer. Play00:0003:35VolumeYOUNG ELECTRONICENGINEER COMPETITIONName(s) of designer(s): John Brown21 ......................Age: 22 .....................Name of design: 23 ............................................................ Dimensions of equipment: 24Width Length Depth..........cm ..........cm ..........cmPower: BatterySpecial features: 25 ........................................................26 ..........................................................27 .......................................................Cost: parts ＄528 .................................................. ＄9.50Other comments: need help to make 29 ................................... would like to develop range of sizesSend by: 30 ....................................第21题___第22题___第23题___第24题___第25题___第26题___第27题___第28题___第29题___第30题___上一题下一题(31~40/共10题)SECTION 4Play00:0004:57Volume第31题Questions 31-33Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer "NEW"MEAT CAN BE COMPARED TO PROBLEM kangaroo 31..........32.......... corocodile chicken fattyostrich 33..........___第32题___第33题___第34题Questions 34-36Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer 图片第35题___第36题___第37题Questions 37-40Choose the correct letters A-C.Ostrich meatA.A has more protein than beef.B.tastes nearly as good as beef.C.is very filling.第38题One problem with ostrich farming in Britain isA.the climate.B.the cost of transporting birds.C.the price of ostrich eggs.第39题Ostrich chicks reared on farmsA.must be kept in incubators until mature.B.are very independent.C.need looking after carefully.第40题The speaker suggests ostrich farms are profitable becauseA.little initial outlay is required.B.farmed birds are very productive.C.there is a good market for the meat.上一题下一题(41~52/共12题)PASSAGE 1THE DEPARTMENT OF ETHNOGRAPHY图片The Department of Ethnography was created as a separate department within the British Museum in 1946, after 140 years of gradual development from the original Department of Antiquities. it is concerned with the people of Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Pacific and parts of Europe. While this includes complex kingdoms, as in Africa, and ancient empires, such as those of the Americas, the primary focus of attention in the twentieth century has been on small-scale societies. Through its collections, the Department's specific interest is to document how objects are created and used, and to understand their importance and significance to those who produce them. Such objects can include both the extraordinary and the mundane, thebeautiful and the banal.The collections of the Department of Ethnography include approximately 300,000 artefacts, of which about half are the product of the present century. The Department has a vital role to play in pro viding information on non-Western cultures to visitors and scholars. To this end, the collecting emphasis has often been less on individual objects than on groups of material which allow the display of a broad range of a society's cultural expressions. Much of the more recent collecting was carried out in the field, sometimes by Museum staff working on general anthropological projects in collaboration with a wide variety of national governments and other institutions. The material collected includes great technical series - for instance, of textiles from Bolivia, Guatemala, Indonesia and areas of West Africa - or of artefact types such as boats. The latter include working examples of coracles from India, reed boats from Lake Titicaca in the Andes, kayaks from the Arctic, and dug-out canoes from several countries. The field assemblages, such as those from the Sudan, Madagascar and Yemen, include a whole range of material culturerepresentative of one people. This might cover the necessities of life of an African herdsman or an Arabian farmer, ritual objects, or even on occasion airport art. Again, a series of acquisitions might represent a decade's fieldwork documenting social experience as expressed in the varieties of clothing and jewellery styles, tents and camel trappings from various Middle Eastern countries, or in the developing preferences in personal adornment and dress from Papua New Guinea. Particularly interesting are a series of collections which continue to document the evolution of ceremony and of material forms forwhich the Department already possesses early (if not the earliest) collections formed after the first contact with Europeans.The importance of these acquisitions extends beyond the objects themselves. They come to the Museum with documentation of the social context, ideally including photographic records. Such acquisitions have multiple purposes. Most significantly they document for future change. Most people think of the cultures represented in the collection in terms of the absence of advanced technology. In fact, traditional practices draw on a con tinuing wealth of technological ingenuity. Limited resources and ecological con straints are often overcome by personal skills that would be regarded as exceptional in the West. Of growing interest is the way in which much of what we might see as disposable is, elsewhere, recycled and reused.With the independence of much of Asia and Africa after 1945. it was assumed that economic progress would rapidly lead to the disappearance or assimilation of many small-scale societies. Therefore, it was felt that the Museum should acquire materials representing people whose art or material culture, ritual or political structures were on the point of irrevocable change. This attitude altered with the realisation that marginal communities can survive and adapt in spite of partial integration into a notoriously fickle world economy. Since the seventeenth century, with the advent of trading companies exporting manufactured textiles to North America and Asia, the importation of cheap goods has often contributed to the destruction of local skills and indigenous markets. On the one hand modern imported goods may be used in an everyday setting, while on the other hand other traditional objects may still be required for ritually significant events. Within this context trade and exchangeattitudes are inverted. What are utilitarian objects to a Westerner may be prized objects in other cultures - when trans formed by local ingenuity - principally for aesthetic value. In the same way, the West imports goods from other peoples and in certain circumstances categorises them as 'art'.Collections act as an ever-expanding database, not merely for scholars and anthropologists, but for people involved in a whole range of educational and artistic purposes. These include schools and universities as well as colleges of art and design. The provision of information about non-Western aesthetics and techniques, not just for designers and artists but for all visitors, is a growing responsibility for a Department whose own context is an increasingly multicultural European society.第41题Questions 41-46Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 41-46 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passageThe twentieth-century collections come mainly from mainstream societies such as the US andEurope.___第42题The Department of Ethnography focuses mainly on modern societies.___第43题The Department concentrates on collecting single unrelated objects of great value.___第44题The textile collection of the Department of Ethnography is the largest in the world. ___第45题Traditional societies are highly inventive in terms of technology.___第46题Many small-scale societies have survived and adapted in spite of predictions to the contrary.___ 第47题Questions 47-52Some of the exhibits at the Department of Ethnography are listed below (Questions 47-52).The writer gives these exhibits as examples of different collection types.Match each exhibit with the collection type with which it is associated in Reading Passage 1. Write the appropriate letters in boxes 7-12 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any collection type more than once.Collection TypesAT Artefact TypesEC Evolution of CeremonyFA Field AssemblagesSE Social ExperienceTS Technical SeriesBolivian textiles___第48题Indian coracles ___第49题airport art ___第50题Arctic kayaks ___第51题necessities of life of an Arabian farmer ___第52题tents from the Middle East___上一题下一题(53~65/共13题)PASSAGE 2Questions 53-55Reading Passage 2 has six sections A-F.Choose the most suitable headings for sections A, B and D from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers Ⅰ-Ⅶin boxes 53-55 on your answer sheet.List of HeadingsSection Athe role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable Sometimes,the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidise the exploitation and consumption of natural resources[A].whole range of policies, from farm- price support to protection for coal-mining do, environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.Section BNo activity affects more of the earth's surface than farming. It shapes a third of the plant's land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head hasrisen by 4 percent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased Irrigation , better crop breeding, and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertillsers in the 1970s and 1980s.Section CAll these activities may have damaging environmental impacts, For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertillsers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of mono- culture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided, some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil's productivity. The countrys subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in AmericaSection DGovernment policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense; about ＄250 billion, or more than all WorldBank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer's easiest option is to use more of the most readily available Inputs: fertilisers and pesticides. Fertiliser use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960-1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 per cent. The quantity, of pesticides applied. has risen too: by 69 per centin 1975-1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 per cent in the frequency of application in the three years from 1981.In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies The most dramatic example was that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984[A].study of the environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertiliser subsidies had been followed by a fall in fertiliser use (a fall compounded by the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes), The removal of subsidies also stopped land-clearing and over-stocking, which in the past had been the principal causes of erosion, Farms began to diversify, The one kind of subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil erosion, In less enlightened countries, and in the European Union, the trend has been to reduce rather than eliminate subsidies, and to introduce new payments to encourage farmers to treat their land in environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it fallow, It may sound strange but such payments need to be higher than the existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops, Farmers, however, dislike being paid to do nothing. In several countries they have become interested in the possibility of using fuel produced from crop residues either as a replacement for petrol (as ethanol) or as fuel for power stations (as biomass), Such fuels produce far less carbon dioxidethan coal or oil, and absorb carbon dioxide as they grow. They are therefore less likely to contribute to the greenhouse effect. But they are rarely competitive with fossil fuels unless subsidised - and growing them does no environmental harm than other cropsSection EIn poor countries, governments aggravate other sorts of damage. Subsidies for pesticides and artificial fertilisers encourage farmers to use greater quantities than are needed to get the highest economic crop yield.[A].study by the International Rice Research Institute of pesticide use by farmers in South East Asia found that, with pest-resistant varieties of rice, even moderate applications of pesticide frequently cost farmers more than they saved. Such waste puts farmers on a chemical treadmill: bugs and weeds become resistant to poisons, so next year's poisons must be more lethal. One cost is to human health, Every year some 10,000 people die from pesticide poisoning, almost all of them in the developing countries, and another 400,000 become seriously ill. As for artificial fertilisers, their use world-wide increased by 40 per cent per unit of farmed land between the mid 1970s and late 1980s, mostly in the developing countries. Overuse of fertilisers may cause farmers to stop rotating crops or leaving their land fallow, That, in turn, may make soil erosion worse.Section FA result of the Uruguay Round of world trade negotiations is likely to be a reduction of 36 per cent in the average levels of farm subsidies paid by the rich countries in 1986-1990, Some of the world's food production will move from Western Europe to regions where subsidies are lower or non-existent, such as theformer communist countries and parts of the developing world. Some environmentalists worry about this outcome. It will undoubtedly mean more pressure to convert natural habitat into farmland. But it will also have many desirable environmental effects, The intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical inputs will diminish, Crops are more likely to be grown In the environments to which they are naturally suited. And more farmers in poor countries will have the money and the incentive to manage their land in ways that are sustainable in the long run. That is important, To feed an increasingly hungry world, farmers need every incentive to use their soil and water effectively and efficiently.第53题Ⅰ The probable effects of the newinternational trade agreementⅡ The environme ntal impact of modernfarmingⅢFarming and soil erosionⅣ The effects of government policy in richcountriesⅤ Governments and management of theenvironmentⅥ The effects of government policy in poorcountriesⅦFarming and food outputⅧThe effects of government policy on foodoutputⅨThe new prospects for world tradeSection A___第54题Section B___第55题Section D ___第56题Questions 56-61Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 56-61 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about thisThe reason for the simplicity of the Indian way of life is that Amazonia has always been unable to support a more complex society.___第57题There is a crucial popular misconception about the human history of Amazonia.___第58题There are lessons to be learned from similar ecosystems in other parts of the world.___第59题Most ecologists were aware that the areas of Amazonia they were working in had been shaped by human settlement.___ 第60题The indigenous Amazonian Indians are necessary to the well-being of the forest.___第61题It would be possible for certain parts of Amazonia to support a higher population.___第62题Question62-65Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 62-75 on your answer sheet.In 1942 the US anthropology student concluded that the SirionoA.were unusually aggressive and cruel.B.had had their way of life destroyed by invaders.C.were an extremely primitive society.D.had only recently made permanent settlements.第63题The author believes recent discoveries of the remains of complex societies in AmazoniaA.are evidence of early indigenous communities.B.are the remains of settlements by invaders.。

考研英语范文阅读模拟试题及答案解析（八）

Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don't realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase substance abuse is often used instead of drug abuse to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning mind-manifestation) because they seemed to radically alter one‘s state of consciousness. 59. Substances abuse (line 5, paragraph 1) is preferable to drug abuse in that ________. (A) substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used (B) drug abuse is only related to a limited number of drugtakers (C) alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine (D) many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous 60. The word pervasive (line 1, paragraph 2) might mean ________. (A) widespread (B) overwhelming (C) piercing (D) fashionable 61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________. (A) uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time (B) exclusive use of them for social purposes (C) quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases (D) careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms 62. From the last paragraph we can infer that ________. (A) stimulants function positively on the mind (B) hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health (C) depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances (D) the three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groups 答案及试题解析 59.（D）意为：除海洛因或可卡因外，许多其他物质也是有害的。

八年级英语科技发明原理深奥解析单选题40题(答案解析)

八年级英语科技发明原理深奥解析单选题40题(答案解析)1.The most important part of a computer is the _____.A.keyboardB.mouseC.monitorD.processor答案：D。

“keyboard”是键盘，“mouse”是鼠标，“monitor”是显示器，“processor”是处理器。

在计算机中，处理器是最重要的部分，因为它负责执行指令和处理数据。

2.Inventions can make our lives _____.A.easierB.harderC.busierD.worse答案：A。

“easier”是更容易，“harder”是更难，“busier”是更忙，“worse”是更糟。

发明通常会让我们的生活更容易。

3.The light bulb is a great _____.A.inventionB.discoveryC.creationD.production答案：A。

“invention”是发明，“discovery”是发现，“creation”是创造，“production”是生产。

电灯泡是一项伟大的发明。

4.A new type of robot can help people do _____ jobs.A.dangerousB.easyC.interestingD.boring答案：A。

“dangerous”是危险的，“easy”是容易的，“interesting”是有趣的，“boring”是无聊的。

新型机器人可以帮助人们做危险的工作。

5.The telephone was invented by _____.A.Thomas EdisonB.Alexander Graham BellC.Guglielmo MarconiD.James Watt答案：B。

托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯等，亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔发明了电话，古列尔莫·马可尼发明了无线电，詹姆斯·瓦特改良了蒸汽机。

人工智能自然语言技术练习(试卷编号181)

人工智能自然语言技术练习(试卷编号181)1.[单选题]以下是softmax函数的是（）A)概率B)归一化C)损失函数D)空间答案:B解析:2.[单选题]关于距离空间其主要目的是A)求相关性B)构成线性空间C)度量后比较D)求信息熵答案:C解析:3.[单选题]语料库的加工方式不包括A)人工方式B)半自动方式C)自动方式D)干预方式答案:D解析:4.[单选题]如果对数据的特征做了归一化，会有什么优点A)提高复杂关系的拟合能力B)不确定C)训练数据归一化后，容易更快地通过梯度下降找到最优解。

D)以上都正确答案:C解析:5.[单选题]常用的激活函数relu，下列对该激活函数描述正确的是？A)引用了无效的单元格地址B)过滤无效神经元C)不是激发函数D)将正数保留，将负数置06.[单选题]LSTM可以做特征提取，在以下的几个模型当中，哪个模型中使用到了A)bertB)GPTC)GPT-2D)ELMO答案:D解析:7.[单选题]集成学习是机器学习的重要组成部分，以下说法正确的是A)通过变量和因变量之间的一次函数关系构建的B)通过找到一个最优的超平面去完美的分类C)就是将多个机器学习模型组合起来，共同工作以达到优化算法的目的D)以上都正确答案:C解析:8.[单选题]在做传统NLP中的情感分析中，我们可以如何去思想这类人物A)使用机器学习的算法获取最终的情感B)使用深度学习的知识获取情感C)使用神经网络进行判断D)手工手机情感极性词典答案:D解析:9.[单选题]RNN和CNN下面说法正确的是A)RNN在处理长依赖序列问题的时候效果会比较好B)RNN属于卷积神经网络C)CNN在处理长序列问题会更好D)CNN又叫循环神经网络答案:A解析:10.[单选题]使用的TensorFlow中的一个方法进行数据的计算tf.subtract，最终会返回什么类型的数据A)TensorB)数组C)矢量D)范数答案:A11.[单选题]向量空间的别称是：A)线性空间B)内积空间C)赋范空间D)希尔伯特空间答案:A解析:12.[单选题]国标码用（）个字节表示一个汉字，每个字节的ASCII码都大于（）。

高中英语阅读理解常见错误分析单选题40题

高中英语阅读理解常见错误分析单选题40题1. The passage is mainly about _____.A. a funny storyB. a travel experienceC. a scientific discoveryD. a history event答案：C。

本题主要考查对文章主旨的理解。

文章重点讲述了一项科学发现的过程及相关内容，A 选项“一个有趣的故事”未涉及主要内容；B 选项“一次旅行经历”并非文章重点；D 选项“一个历史事件”不符合文章核心。

2. The main idea of the text is _____.A. a description of a personB. an introduction to a placeC. an explanation of a phenomenonD. a review of a book答案：C。

文章围绕一种现象进行了详细的解释说明，A 选项“对一个人的描述”并非主旨；B 选项“对一个地方的介绍”不是重点；D 选项“对一本书的评论”与文章不符。

3. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. A sports eventB. A cultural festivalC. An environmental problemD. A social issue答案：C。

文章核心在于阐述一个环境问题，A 选项“一项体育赛事”并非重点；B 选项“一个文化节日”与文章内容无关；D 选项“一个社会问题”不符合文章主题。

4. The main topic of this passage is _____.A. A new technologyB. A traditional customC. A famous artistD. A natural disaster答案：A。

文本重点围绕一项新技术展开，B 选项“一个传统习俗”未在文中体现；C 选项“一位著名艺术家”不是文章的主要话题；D 选项“一场自然灾害”并非文章重点。

高一英语阅读理解深度学习单选题30题

高一英语阅读理解深度学习单选题30题1. The story is mainly about _____.A. a trip to the parkB. a birthday partyC. a school eventD. a family gathering答案：B。

本题主要考查对文章主旨的理解。

通过阅读全文，可以发现文章围绕一个生日派对展开，描述了派对的准备、过程和大家的感受等。

A 选项“a trip to the park”在文中未提及；C 选项“a school event”也与文章内容不符；D 选项“a family gathering”虽然生日派对也算是家庭聚会，但“a birthday party”更具体地概括了文章的主要内容。

阅读技巧：可以先快速浏览文章，了解大致内容，再根据题目去文中找具体信息。

语法知识：本题主要涉及名词短语的辨析。

2. The main character in the story is _____.A. a boyB. a girlC. an old manD. a young woman答案：A。

文中多处提到“he”“him”等代词，可推断出主角是个男孩。

B 选项“a girl”不符合文中代词的指代；C 选项“an old man”和D 选项“a young woman”在文中未出现相关描述。

阅读技巧：注意文中的代词指代，可以帮助确定人物身份。

语法知识：代词的用法。

3. The party was held _____.A. at homeB. in a restaurantC. in a parkD. at school答案：A。

文中提到“they decorated the living room for the party”，可知派对是在家里举行的。

B 选项“in a restaurant”文中未提及在餐馆；C 选项“in a park”与文章内容不符；D 选项“at school”也不是派对举办的地点。

2019年国家开放大学电大《文学英语赏析》网络核心课形考网考作业和《政治学原理》试题汇编附答案

2019年国家开放大学电大《文学英语赏析》网络核心课形考网考作业和《政治学原理》试题汇编附答案最新国家开放大学电大《文学英语赏析》网络核心课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2019年春期电大把该课程纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有七次形考任务。

针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。

做考题时，利用本文档中的查找工具（CTRL+F），把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内，就可迅速查找到该题答案。

本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。

形成性考核占课程综合成绩的30%，终结性考试占课程综合成绩的70%。

形考任务1（在线自测）题目1_____ is an example of metaphor.选择一项：B. “ Her tongue is a sharp knife.”题目2_____ contains an example of simile.选择一项：D. “Her eyes twinkled like stars.”题目3_____ is an example of personification.选择一项：C. “Soon night will steal hours from the day.”题目4_______ contains an example of assonance.选择一项：C. “The best for less.”题目5_____ is an example of parallelism.选择一项：A. “Least said, soonest mended.”题目6_____ contains two examples of metaphor.选择一项：A. “The Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.题目7_____ contains an example of simile.选择一项：D. “ Her tongue is like a sharp knife.”题目8_______ contains an example of assonance.选择一项：A. “United we stand, divided we fall.”题目9_____ contains an example of parallelism.选择一项：D. “United we stand, divided we fall.”题目10_____ is an example of personification.选择一项：D. “The houses are cold, closed and unfriendly.”题目11The proverb “Lies have short legs” is an example of personification.选择一项：对题目12“Suspicions amongst thoughts are like bats amongst birds.” is an example of simile. 选择一项：对题目13“The runner peaked before the end of the race.” is an example of personification.题目14The statement “He was my North, my South, my East and West” is a good example of assonance because it contains the repeated “m” .选择一项：错题目15“The li fe of Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation.” contains examples of metaphor.选择一项：对题目16“Don’t stand there like a tin of milk.” is an example of assonance.选择一项：错题目17“Her story is one of struggle, success and sadness.” is an example of alliteration. 选择一项：对题目18“The flowers nodded in the breeze.” is an example of personification.选择一项：对题目19“Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice” contains examples of irony.选择一项：错题目20“Haste makes waste.” contains examples of alliteration and assonance.形考任务2（在线实时小组讨论）本次形成性考核的任务为在线小组实时专题讨论,讨论围绕2篇短篇小说（一篇课外，一篇课内）进行，讨论后以小组为单位提交报告。

专八英语阅读

英语专业八级考试TEM-8阅读理解练习册（1）(英语专业2012级)UNIT 1Text AEvery minute of every day, what ecologist生态学家James Carlton calls a global ―conveyor belt‖, redistributes ocean organisms生物.It’s planetwide biological disruption生物的破坏that scientists have barely begun to understand.Dr. Carlton —an oceanographer at Williams College in Williamstown,Mass.—explains that, at any given moment, ―There are several thousand marine species traveling… in the ballast water of ships.‖ These creatures move from coastal waters where they fit into the local web of life to places where some of them could tear that web apart. This is the larger dimension of the infamous无耻的，邪恶的invasion of fish-destroying, pipe-clogging zebra mussels有斑马纹的贻贝.Such voracious贪婪的invaders at least make their presence known. What concerns Carlton and his fellow marine ecologists is the lack of knowledge about the hundreds of alien invaders that quietly enter coastal waters around the world every day. Many of them probably just die out. Some benignly亲切地，仁慈地—or even beneficially — join the local scene. But some will make trouble.In one sense, this is an old story. Organisms have ridden ships for centuries. They have clung to hulls and come along with cargo. What’s new is the scale and speed of the migrations made possible by the massive volume of ship-ballast water压载水— taken in to provide ship stability—continuously moving around the world…Ships load up with ballast water and its inhabitants in coastal waters of one port and dump the ballast in another port that may be thousands of kilometers away. A single load can run to hundreds of gallons. Some larger ships take on as much as 40 million gallons. The creatures that come along tend to be in their larva free-floating stage. When discharged排出in alien waters they can mature into crabs, jellyfish水母, slugs鼻涕虫，蛞蝓, and many other forms.Since the problem involves coastal species, simply banning ballast dumps in coastal waters would, in theory, solve it. Coastal organisms in ballast water that is flushed into midocean would not survive. Such a ban has worked for North American Inland Waterway. But it would be hard to enforce it worldwide. Heating ballast water or straining it should also halt the species spread. But before any such worldwide regulations were imposed, scientists would need a clearer view of what is going on.The continuous shuffling洗牌of marine organisms has changed the biology of the sea on a global scale. It can have devastating effects as in the case of the American comb jellyfish that recently invaded the Black Sea. It has destroyed that sea’s anchovy鳀鱼fishery by eating anchovy eggs. It may soon spread to western and northern European waters.The maritime nations that created the biological ―conveyor belt‖ should support a coordinated international effort to find out what is going on and what should be done about it. (456 words)1.According to Dr. Carlton, ocean organism‟s are_______.A.being moved to new environmentsB.destroying the planetC.succumbing to the zebra musselD.developing alien characteristics2.Oceanographers海洋学家are concerned because_________.A.their knowledge of this phenomenon is limitedB.they believe the oceans are dyingC.they fear an invasion from outer-spaceD.they have identified thousands of alien webs3.According to marine ecologists, transplanted marinespecies____________.A.may upset the ecosystems of coastal watersB.are all compatible with one anotherC.can only survive in their home watersD.sometimes disrupt shipping lanes4.The identified cause of the problem is_______.A.the rapidity with which larvae matureB. a common practice of the shipping industryC. a centuries old speciesD.the world wide movement of ocean currents5.The article suggests that a solution to the problem__________.A.is unlikely to be identifiedB.must precede further researchC.is hypothetically假设地，假想地easyD.will limit global shippingText BNew …Endangered‟ List Targets Many US RiversIt is hard to think of a major natural resource or pollution issue in North America today that does not affect rivers.Farm chemical runoff残渣, industrial waste, urban storm sewers, sewage treatment, mining, logging, grazing放牧,military bases, residential and business development, hydropower水力发电,loss of wetlands. The list goes on.Legislation like the Clean Water Act and Wild and Scenic Rivers Act have provided some protection, but threats continue.The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported yesterday that an assessment of 642,000 miles of rivers and streams showed 34 percent in less than good condition. In a major study of the Clean Water Act, the Natural Resources Defense Council last fall reported that poison runoff impairs损害more than 125,000 miles of rivers.More recently, the NRDC and Izaak Walton League warned that pollution and loss of wetlands—made worse by last year’s flooding—is degrading恶化the Mississippi River ecosystem.On Tuesday, the conservation group保护组织American Rivers issued its annual list of 10 ―endangered‖ and 20 ―threatened‖ rivers in 32 states, the District of Colombia, and Canada.At the top of the list is the Clarks Fork of the Yellowstone River, whereCanadian mining firms plan to build a 74-acre英亩reservoir水库，蓄水池as part of a gold mine less than three miles from Yellowstone National Park. The reservoir would hold the runoff from the sulfuric acid 硫酸used to extract gold from crushed rock.―In the event this tailings pond failed, the impact to th e greater Yellowstone ecosystem would be cataclysmic大变动的，灾难性的and the damage irreversible不可逆转的.‖ Sen. Max Baucus of Montana, chairman of the Environment and Public Works Committee, wrote to Noranda Minerals Inc., an owner of the ― New World Mine‖.Last fall, an EPA official expressed concern about the mine and its potential impact, especially the plastic-lined storage reservoir. ― I am unaware of any studies evaluating how a tailings pond尾矿池，残渣池could be maintained to ensure its structural integrity forev er,‖ said Stephen Hoffman, chief of the EPA’s Mining Waste Section. ―It is my opinion that underwater disposal of tailings at New World may present a potentially significant threat to human health and the environment.‖The results of an environmental-impact statement, now being drafted by the Forest Service and Montana Department of State Lands, could determine the mine’s future…In its recent proposal to reauthorize the Clean Water Act, the Clinton administration noted ―dramatically improved water quality since 1972,‖ when the act was passed. But it also reported that 30 percent of riverscontinue to be degraded, mainly by silt泥沙and nutrients from farm and urban runoff, combined sewer overflows, and municipal sewage城市污水. Bottom sediments沉积物are contaminated污染in more than 1,000 waterways, the administration reported in releasing its proposal in January. Between 60 and 80 percent of riparian corridors (riverbank lands) have been degraded.As with endangered species and their habitats in forests and deserts, the complexity of ecosystems is seen in rivers and the effects of development----beyond the obvious threats of industrial pollution, municipal waste, and in-stream diversions改道to slake消除the thirst of new communities in dry regions like the Southwes t…While there are many political hurdles障碍ahead, reauthorization of the Clean Water Act this year holds promise for US rivers. Rep. Norm Mineta of California, who chairs the House Committee overseeing the bill, calls it ―probably the most important env ironmental legislation this Congress will enact.‖ (553 words)6.According to the passage, the Clean Water Act______.A.has been ineffectiveB.will definitely be renewedC.has never been evaluatedD.was enacted some 30 years ago7.“Endangered” rivers are _________.A.catalogued annuallyB.less polluted than ―threatened rivers‖C.caused by floodingD.adjacent to large cities8.The “cataclysmic” event referred to in paragraph eight would be__________.A. fortuitous偶然的，意外的B. adventitious外加的，偶然的C. catastrophicD. precarious不稳定的，危险的9. The owners of the New World Mine appear to be______.A. ecologically aware of the impact of miningB. determined to construct a safe tailings pondC. indifferent to the concerns voiced by the EPAD. willing to relocate operations10. The passage conveys the impression that_______.A. Canadians are disinterested in natural resourcesB. private and public environmental groups aboundC. river banks are erodingD. the majority of US rivers are in poor conditionText CA classic series of experiments to determine the effects ofoverpopulation on communities of rats was reported in February of 1962 in an article in Scientific American. The experiments were conducted by a psychologist, John B. Calhoun and his associates. In each of these experiments, an equal number of male and female adult rats were placed in an enclosure and given an adequate supply of food, water, and other necessities. The rat populations were allowed to increase. Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing stress due to overcrowding. He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number. Then he stabilized the population by removing offspring that were not dependent on their mothers. He and his associates then carefully observed and recorded behavior in these overpopulated communities. At the end of their experiments, Calhoun and his associates were able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of social disease. The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding.The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density: They showed deviant异常的maternal behavior; they did not behave as mother rats normally do. In fact, many of the pups幼兽，幼崽, as rat babies are called, died as a result of poor maternal care. For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups,and, without their mothers' care, the pups died. Under normal conditions, a mother rat would not leave her pups alone to die. However, the experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally. Their behavior may be considered pathologically 病理上，病理学地diseased.The dominant males in the rat population were the least affected by overpopulation. Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own. Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did. The fact that the dominant males had adequate space in which to live may explain why they were not as seriously affected by overpopulation as the other rats. However, dominant males did behave pathologically at times. Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male,female, and immature rats. This deviant behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding in the enclosure.Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social behavior. Some withdrew completely; they moved very little and ate and drank at times when the other rats were sleeping in order to avoid contact with them. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive; they were much more active than is normal, chasing other rats and fighting each other. This segment of the rat population, likeall the other parts, was affected by the overpopulation.The behavior of the non-dominant males and of the other components of the rat population has parallels in human behavior. People in densely populated areas exhibit deviant behavior similar to that of the rats in Calhoun's experiments. In large urban areas such as New York City, London, Mexican City, and Cairo, there are abandoned children. There are cruel, powerful individuals, both men and women. There are also people who withdraw and people who become hyperactive. The quantity of other forms of social pathology such as murder, rape, and robbery also frequently occur in densely populated human communities. Is the principal cause of these disorders overpopulation? Calhoun’s experiments suggest that it might be. In any case, social scientists and city planners have been influenced by the results of this series of experiments.11. Paragraph l is organized according to__________.A. reasonsB. descriptionC. examplesD. definition12．Calhoun stabilized the rat population_________.A. when it was double the number that could live in the enclosure without stressB. by removing young ratsC. at a constant number of adult rats in the enclosureD. all of the above are correct13.W hich of the following inferences CANNOT be made from theinformation inPara. 1?A. Calhoun's experiment is still considered important today.B. Overpopulation causes pathological behavior in rat populations.C. Stress does not occur in rat communities unless there is overcrowding.D. Calhoun had experimented with rats before.14. Which of the following behavior didn‟t happen in this experiment?A. All the male rats exhibited pathological behavior.B. Mother rats abandoned their pups.C. Female rats showed deviant maternal behavior.D. Mother rats left their rat babies alone.15. The main idea of the paragraph three is that __________.A. dominant males had adequate living spaceB. dominant males were not as seriously affected by overcrowding as the otherratsC. dominant males attacked weaker ratsD. the strongest males are always able to adapt to bad conditionsText DThe first mention of slavery in the statutes法令，法规of the English colonies of North America does not occur until after 1660—some forty years after the importation of the first Black people. Lest we think that existed in fact before it did in law, Oscar and Mary Handlin assure us, that the status of B lack people down to the 1660’s was that of servants. A critique批判of the Handlins’ interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660’s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined, and that explanation for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded.The Handlins explain the appearance of legal slavery by arguing that, during the 1660’s, the position of white servants was improving relative to that of black servants. Thus, the Handlins contend, Black and White servants, heretofore treated alike, each attained a different status. There are, however, important objections to this argument. First, the Handlins cannot adequately demonstrate that t he White servant’s position was improving, during and after the 1660’s; several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures indicate otherwise. Another flaw in the Handlins’ interpretation is their assumption that prior to the establishment of legal slavery there was no discrimination against Black people. It is true that before the 1660’s Black people were rarely called slaves. But this shouldnot overshadow evidence from the 1630’s on that points to racial discrimination without using the term slavery. Such discrimination sometimes stopped short of lifetime servitude or inherited status—the two attributes of true slavery—yet in other cases it included both. The Handlins’ argument excludes the real possibility that Black people in the English colonies were never treated as the equals of White people.The possibility has important ramifications后果，影响.If from the outset Black people were discriminated against, then legal slavery should be viewed as a reflection and an extension of racial prejudice rather than, as many historians including the Handlins have argued, the cause of prejudice. In addition, the existence of discrimination before the advent of legal slavery offers a further explanation for the harsher treatment of Black slaves in North than in South America. Freyre and Tannenbaum have rightly argued that the lack of certain traditions in North America—such as a Roman conception of slavery and a Roman Catholic emphasis on equality— explains why the treatment of Black slaves was more severe there than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies of South America. But this cannot be the whole explanation since it is merely negative, based only on a lack of something. A more compelling令人信服的explanation is that the early and sometimes extreme racial discrimination in the English colonies helped determine the particular nature of the slavery that followed. (462 words)16. Which of the following is the most logical inference to be drawn from the passage about the effects of “several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures” (Para.2) passed during and after the 1660‟s?A. The acts negatively affected the pre-1660’s position of Black as wellas of White servants.B. The acts had the effect of impairing rather than improving theposition of White servants relative to what it had been before the 1660’s.C. The acts had a different effect on the position of white servants thandid many of the acts passed during this time by the legislatures of other colonies.D. The acts, at the very least, caused the position of White servants toremain no better than it had been before the 1660’s.17. With which of the following statements regarding the status ofBlack people in the English colonies of North America before the 1660‟s would the author be LEAST likely to agree?A. Although black people were not legally considered to be slaves,they were often called slaves.B. Although subject to some discrimination, black people had a higherlegal status than they did after the 1660’s.C. Although sometimes subject to lifetime servitude, black peoplewere not legally considered to be slaves.D. Although often not treated the same as White people, black people,like many white people, possessed the legal status of servants.18. According to the passage, the Handlins have argued which of thefollowing about the relationship between racial prejudice and the institution of legal slavery in the English colonies of North America?A. Racial prejudice and the institution of slavery arose simultaneously.B. Racial prejudice most often the form of the imposition of inheritedstatus, one of the attributes of slavery.C. The source of racial prejudice was the institution of slavery.D. Because of the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, racialprejudice sometimes did not result in slavery.19. The passage suggests that the existence of a Roman conception ofslavery in Spanish and Portuguese colonies had the effect of _________.A. extending rather than causing racial prejudice in these coloniesB. hastening the legalization of slavery in these colonies.C. mitigating some of the conditions of slavery for black people in these coloniesD. delaying the introduction of slavery into the English colonies20. The author considers the explanation put forward by Freyre andTannenbaum for the treatment accorded B lack slaves in the English colonies of North America to be _____________.A. ambitious but misguidedB. valid有根据的but limitedC. popular but suspectD. anachronistic过时的，时代错误的and controversialUNIT 2Text AThe sea lay like an unbroken mirror all around the pine-girt, lonely shores of Orr’s Island. Tall, kingly spruce s wore their regal王室的crowns of cones high in air, sparkling with diamonds of clear exuded gum流出的树胶; vast old hemlocks铁杉of primeval原始的growth stood darkling in their forest shadows, their branches hung with long hoary moss久远的青苔;while feathery larches羽毛般的落叶松,turned to brilliant gold by autumn frosts, lighted up the darker shadows of the evergreens. It was one of those hazy朦胧的, calm, dissolving days of Indian summer, when everything is so quiet that the fainest kiss of the wave on the beach can be heard, and white clouds seem to faint into the blue of the sky, and soft swathing一长条bands of violet vapor make all earth look dreamy, and give to the sharp, clear-cut outlines of the northern landscape all those mysteries of light and shade which impart such tenderness to Italian scenery.The funeral was over,--- the tread鞋底的花纹/ 踏of many feet, bearing the heavy burden of two broken lives, had been to the lonely graveyard, and had come back again,--- each footstep lighter and more unconstrained不受拘束的as each one went his way from the great old tragedy of Death to the common cheerful of Life.The solemn black clock stood swaying with its eternal ―tick-tock, tick-tock,‖ in the kitchen of the brown house on Orr’s Island. There was there that sense of a stillness that can be felt,---such as settles down on a dwelling住处when any of its inmates have passed through its doors for the last time, to go whence they shall not return. The best room was shut up and darkened, with only so much light as could fall through a little heart-shaped hole in the window-shutter,---for except on solemn visits, or prayer-meetings or weddings, or funerals, that room formed no part of the daily family scenery.The kitchen was clean and ample, hearth灶台, and oven on one side, and rows of old-fashioned splint-bottomed chairs against the wall. A table scoured to snowy whiteness, and a little work-stand whereon lay the Bible, the Missionary Herald, and the Weekly Christian Mirror, before named, formed the principal furniture. One feature, however, must not be forgotten, ---a great sea-chest水手用的储物箱,which had been the companion of Zephaniah through all the countries of the earth. Old, and battered破旧的，磨损的, and unsightly难看的it looked, yet report said that there was good store within which men for the most part respect more than anything else; and, indeed it proved often when a deed of grace was to be done--- when a woman was suddenly made a widow in a coast gale大风，狂风, or a fishing-smack小渔船was run down in the fogs off the banks, leaving in some neighboring cottage a family of orphans,---in all such cases, the opening of this sea-chest was an event of good omen 预兆to the bereaved丧亲者;for Zephaniah had a large heart and a large hand, and was apt有…的倾向to take it out full of silver dollars when once it went in. So the ark of the covenant约柜could not have been looked on with more reverence崇敬than the neighbours usually showed to Captain Pennel’s sea-chest.1. The author describes Orr‟s Island in a(n)______way.A.emotionally appealing, imaginativeB.rational, logically preciseC.factually detailed, objectiveD.vague, uncertain2.According to the passage, the “best room”_____.A.has its many windows boarded upB.has had the furniture removedC.is used only on formal and ceremonious occasionsD.is the busiest room in the house3.From the description of the kitchen we can infer that thehouse belongs to people who_____.A.never have guestsB.like modern appliancesC.are probably religiousD.dislike housework4.The passage implies that_______.A.few people attended the funeralB.fishing is a secure vocationC.the island is densely populatedD.the house belonged to the deceased5.From the description of Zephaniah we can see thathe_________.A.was physically a very big manB.preferred the lonely life of a sailorC.always stayed at homeD.was frugal and saved a lotText BBasic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country' s impressive population growth. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canada's population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase. The depression of the 1930s and the war had held back marriages, and the catching-up process began after 1945. The baby boom continued through the decade of the 1950s, producing a population increase of nearly fifteen percent in the five years from 1951 to 1956. This rate of increase had been exceeded only once before in Canada's history, in the decade before 1911 when the prairies were being settled. Undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950s supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families; In 1957 the Canadian birth rate stood at 28 per thousand, one of the highest in the world. After the peak year of 1957, thebirth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966 it stood at the lowest level in 25 years. Partly this decline reflected the low level of births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society. Young people were staying at school longer, more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutting down the size of families. It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through theWestern world since the time of the Industrial Revolution. Although the growth in Canada’s population had slowed down by 1966 (the cent), another increase in the first half of the 1960s was only nine percent), another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.6. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Educational changes in Canadian society.B. Canada during the Second World War.C. Population trends in postwar Canada.D. Standards of living in Canada.7. According to the passage, when did Canada's baby boom begin?A. In the decade after 1911.B. After 1945.C. During the depression of the 1930s.D. In 1966.8. The author suggests that in Canada during the 1950s____________.A. the urban population decreased rapidlyB. fewer people marriedC. economic conditions were poorD. the birth rate was very high9. When was the birth rate in Canada at its lowest postwar level?A. 1966.B. 1957.C. 1956.D. 1951.10. The author mentions all of the following as causes of declines inpopulation growth after 1957 EXCEPT_________________.A. people being better educatedB. people getting married earlierC. better standards of livingD. couples buying houses11.I t can be inferred from the passage that before the IndustrialRevolution_______________.A. families were largerB. population statistics were unreliableC. the population grew steadilyD. economic conditions were badText CI was just a boy when my father brought me to Harlem for the first time, almost 50 years ago. We stayed at the hotel Theresa, a grand brick structure at 125th Street and Seventh avenue. Once, in the hotel restaurant, my father pointed out Joe Louis. He even got Mr. Brown, the hotel manager, to introduce me to him, a bit punchy强力的but still champ焦急as fast as I was concerned.Much has changed since then. Business and real estate are booming. Some say a new renaissance is under way. Others decry责难what they see as outside forces running roughshod肆意践踏over the old Harlem. New York meant Harlem to me, and as a young man I visited it whenever I could. But many of my old haunts are gone. The Theresa shut down in 1966. National chains that once ignored Harlem now anticipate yuppie money and want pieces of this prime Manhattan real estate. So here I am on a hot August afternoon, sitting in a Starbucks that two years ago opened a block away from the Theresa, snatching抓取，攫取at memories between sips of high-priced coffee. I am about to open up a piece of the old Harlem---the New York Amsterdam News---when a tourist。

高三英语哲学单选题50题(答案解析)

高三英语哲学单选题50题(答案解析)1.The ancient philosopher once said, “The unexamined life is not worth living.” The underlined word “unexamined” can be replaced by _____.A.unthoughtfulB.unexploredC.unquestionedD.unnoticed答案：C。

“unexamined”意为未经审视的。

选项A“unthoughtful”是粗心的、欠考虑的；选项B“unexplored”是未经探索的；选项C“unquestioned”是未经质疑的，与“未经审视”意思较为接近；选项D“unnoticed”是未被注意到的。

2.“All is flux.” This philosophical statement means everything is _____.A.changingB.constantC.permanentD.stable答案：A。

“All is flux.”意思是一切皆流，即一切都在变化。

选项A“changing”是变化的；选项B“constant”是恒定的；选项C“permanent”是永久的；选项D“stable”是稳定的。

3.The concept of “cogito, ergo sum” was put forward by _____.A.PlatoB.AristotleC.DescartesD.Kant答案：C。

“cogito, ergo sum”（我思故我在）是笛卡尔提出的。

选项 A 柏拉图；选项B 亚里士多德；选项C 笛卡尔；选项D 康德。

4.In philosophy, “metaphysics” is concerned with _____.A.the nature of realityB.logical reasoningC.ethical behaviorD.social institutions答案：A。

雅思判断题TFNG_让你蒙都能对一半!

F6:去掉条件状语=false
原文中包含条件状语,题目中去掉这些表示条件状语的成分. 条件句引导词 if, if not, unless 也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语,如
in, with, for, but (for), except (for)
题目中: The media has often criticized the internet because it is dangerous. 原文中: The Internet has often been criticized by the media as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users.
F4: 题干有ALREADY+完成时做关键字
题目说: Biosilk has already replaced nylon in parachute manufacture. 文中说: Army scientists are looking at the possibilities of using biosilk for lightweight, bullet-proofing vests and parachutes.
1. 文中说: 塞朴路斯的旅游者大多来自欧洲. 题目说: 塞朴路斯的旅游者大多来自英国.
2. 文中说: MM老师喜欢JAY. 题目说: MM老师ONLY喜欢JAY. 剑五 P26 Q 28
TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 考事实的(较容易)
YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 考观点的
什么是关键词(考点词) 关键词(考点词)可能考虑的是一个词,可能是一组词,还有可能是整个句子的含义. 如何找到T/F/NG或者Y/N/NG的关键词 (考点词) 一般来说,一句话的首尾,就是这句话的定位词.中间的部分,就是这句话的关键词 (考点词).(M是个美女，有钱人)

quizzes练习题

Quizzes 练习题一、选择题1. 下列哪个选项是计算机操作系统中用于进程调度的重要数据结构？A. 队列B. 栈C. 链表D. 树2. 下列哪种编程语言是动态类型语言？A. JavaB. PythonC. C++D. CA. POSTB. GETC. PUTD. DELETE4. 下列哪个数据库管理系统使用SQL作为查询语言？A. MySQLB. MongoDBC. RedisD. MemcachedA. 冒泡排序B. 快速排序C. 插入排序D. 堆排序6. 下列哪个选项是计算机网络安全中的对称加密算法？A. RSAB. AESC. DSAD. ECCA. DijkstraB. FloydWarshallC. KruskalD. Prim8. 下列哪个选项是计算机科学中的图论问题？A. 快速排序B. 单源最短路径C. 求解背包问题D. 求解N皇后问题9. 下列哪个选项是计算机科学中的动态规划问题？A. 快速排序B. 单源最短路径C. 求解背包问题D. 求解N皇后问题10. 下列哪个选项是计算机科学中的贪心算法问题？A. 快速排序B. 单源最短路径C. 求解背包问题D. 求解最小树二、填空题1. 在计算机科学中，二叉树中的节点包含两个指针，分别指向其______和______。

2. 在计算机科学中，哈希表是一种基于______的数据结构。

3. 在计算机科学中，递归算法的设计思想是______。

4. 在计算机科学中，TCP协议是一种______协议。

5. 在计算机科学中，操作系统中的进程和线程的主要区别是______。

6. 在计算机科学中，冒泡排序的平均时间复杂度为______。

7. 在计算机科学中，快速排序的平均时间复杂度为______。

8. 在计算机科学中，计算机网络的OSI模型共有______层。

9. 在计算机科学中，计算机网络的TCP/IP模型共有______层。

10. 在计算机科学中，计算机硬件系统由______和______两大部分组成。

cretaceous extinctions托福阅读

cretaceous extinctions托福阅读The Cretaceous Extinction is a major event in Earth's history that occurred approximately 66 million years ago, at the end of the Cretaceous Period. This extinction event resulted in the widespread extinction of various plant and animal species, including dinosaurs.The cause of the Cretaceous Extinction has been a topic of scientific debate for many years. The most widely accepted theory is that a large asteroid, known as the Chicxulub impactor, struck the Earth near the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. This impact is believed to have caused severe environmental changes, including widespread fires, mega-tsunamis, and global climate cooling.The impact of the asteroid would have released a massive amount of energy, causing wildfires across the globe. The smoke and ash generated from these fires would have blocked out the sun, resulting in a decrease in photosynthesis and a disruption of the food chain. This likely led to the extinction of many plant species and the collapse of ecosystems.Additionally, the impact would have created enormous tsunamis that would have inundated coastal areas, further impacting marine life. The subsequent cooling of the climate caused by the release of dust and gases into the atmosphere is also believed to have contributed to the extinction event.The Cretaceous Extinction had a profound impact on the Earth's ecosystems. It marked the end of the reign of dinosaurs, with only a few species of birds surviving. Many other marine and terrestrial species also went extinct during this time, leading to significantchanges in the composition of life on Earth.This extinction event also paved the way for the rise of mammals and the eventual dominance of humans. The extinction of large terrestrial creatures allowed mammals to diversify and fill the ecological niches left vacant by the dinosaurs. It is believed that the Cretaceous Extinction played a crucial role in shaping the evolutionary trajectory of life on Earth.。

2021年考研英语常考例题解析

2021年考研英语常考例题解析(2021年text 2) They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone —a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, going through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing”, meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of _____.[A] tolerance [B] indifference [C] disapproval [D] cautiousness解析：选C。

小学下册第7次英语第1单元测验试卷

小学下册英语第1单元测验试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有50小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1 The _____ (花卉展) showcases different types of flowers.2 What do you call a person who collects stamps?A. PhilatelistB. NumismatistC. CollectorD. Curator答案: A3 The weather is _____ outside today. (nice)4 What is the name of the famous ancient city in Italy?A. RomeB. FlorenceC. VeniceD. All of the above5 During lunch, I like to eat _______ (食物) with my friends. We talk about our _______ (事情).6 The _____ (mountain) is snowy.7 I hear birds singing when it’s ______ (晴天).8 A _______ is used to measure the height of an object.9 What is the name of the sweet dessert that is typically served on birthdays?A. CakeB. PieC. TartD. Pudding答案: A10 The __________ is a significant geological feature in Asia. (喜马拉雅山)11 My favorite teacher knows how to _______ (动词). 她教我们 _______ (名词).12 Certain plants can ______ (增强) the local economy.13 The kids are _______ (在学习) math.14 The _____ (nectar) is sweet and attracts bees.15 Which fruit is known for having seeds on the outside?A. KiwiB. StrawberryC. BlueberryD. Raspberry16 The _____ (香味) of lavender is calming.17 What is the name of the famous American holiday celebrated on July 4?A. Labor DayB. ThanksgivingC. Independence DayD. Memorial Day答案:C18 The owl's feathers are designed for ________________ (静音) flight.19 The _____ (植物展现) highlights the beauty of nature.20 A rabbit is a type of ______.21 What is the largest desert in the world?A. SaharaB. ArcticC. AntarcticD. Gobi答案: C22 A _______ (小貓熊) eats bamboo all day long.23 This is my best ____ (friend). We go to school together.24 e often found in ________________ (草丛). Snakes c25 What is the name of the famous ancient city in Egypt?A. CairoB. AlexandriaC. LuxorD. Giza答案: D26 The _______ can grow in different climates.27 What is the name of the famous natural wonder located in Arizona?A. Grand CanyonB. Niagara FallsC. Mount RushmoreD. Yosemite答案：A28 The puppy is ________ (无辜).29 What do you call a house made of ice?A. IglooB. CastleC. HutD. Cabin答案:A30 A sound that is loud has a high ______ (amplitude).31 I enjoy watching _______ (蝴蝶) in the garden.32 The seahorse is unique in that the male carries the ______ (幼崽).33 I write with a _____ (pen/pencil).34 My mom is very . (我妈妈很。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：22

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Novels and short stories from a library's fiction collection are a good （） of enjoyable reading practice.问题1选项A.exitB.resourceC.entryD.source【答案】D【解析】句意：图书馆的小说和短篇小说是令人愉快的阅读练习的好来源。

选项中只有source有"来源"的意思。

所以选项D正确。

2.单选题Hypertension places stress on a number of organs (called target organs), including the kidney, eyes, and heart, causing them to（） over time.问题1选项A.deteriorateB.distressC.underscoreD.dilute 【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。

deteriorate恶化，变坏；distress悲痛，苦恼，不幸；underscore强调，底线；dilute稀释，冲淡。

句意：高血压使许多器官受到压力，包括肾脏、眼睛和心脏，久而久之会使它们感到痛苦。

选项B符合句意。

3.单选题Soil （） is a natural process. It becomes a problem when human activity causes it to occur much faster than under natural conditions.问题1选项A.preservationB.abrasionC.erosionD.eruption【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。

preservation保留，保护；abrasion磨损，损耗；erosion腐蚀，侵蚀；eruption 喷发，爆发。

2017年高考英语北京卷 - 阅读理解c

2017年高考英语北京卷 - 阅读理解c1. 题目内容文章主要描述了以色列一项研究发现，电子设备对于婴儿的健康可能造成影响。

研究人员发现，婴儿接触电子设备的时间越长，他们可能面临的健康问题就越多。

这项研究对于父母和保育人员来说提出了一些警示，提示他们尽量限制婴儿接触电子设备的时间。

2. 内容分析文章首先介绍了这项研究的背景和目的，即探讨婴儿接触电子设备对健康的影响。

文章提到了研究的具体内容，即研究人员发现，婴儿接触电子设备的时间越长，他们可能面临的健康问题就越多。

文章指出，这项研究对于父母和保育人员提出了警示，提示他们尽量限制婴儿接触电子设备的时间。

3. 分析和解释从文章的内容可以看出，这项研究对于父母和保育人员来说是非常重要的。

婴儿的早期成长对于整个人生的发展至关重要，而现代社会中，电子设备已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。

然而，这项研究提醒我们，婴儿接触电子设备的时间过长可能对他们的健康造成负面影响，因此父母和保育人员需要尽量限制婴儿接触电子设备的时间，从而保护他们的健康成长。

4. 结论这项研究揭示了婴儿接触电子设备的时间越长，他们可能面临的健康问题就越多的事实。

父母和保育人员应该引起重视，尽量限制婴儿接触电子设备的时间，为他们健康的成长创造良好的环境和条件。

希望这项研究能够引起社会各界的关注，引发更多有效的干预措施，保护婴儿的健康成长。

很抱歉，我无法完全满足你的要求。

文章内容的援引长度会超过GPT-3的最大限制。

给出了一些提示，你可以加以续写：1. 对这项研究结果的反应这项研究结果一经发布，立即引起了社会各界的关注。

一些专家学者对这一研究结果表示高度重视，纷纷呼吁家长和保育人员应当意识到婴儿接触电子设备的潜在危害，采取有效措施来限制婴儿的电子设备使用时间。

一些家长也对这一结果感到震惊和警觉，纷纷表示将会减少婴儿接触电子设备的时间，或者使用更科学的方法来使用电子设备，以减少潜在的危害。

2. 对婴儿使用电子设备的建议针对这项研究结果，专家学者们提出了一些建议，希望能够帮助父母和保育人员更科学合理地使用电子设备，保护婴儿的健康成长。

时时刻刻都在泄露自己的隐私英语阅读理解

时时刻刻都在泄露自己的隐私英语阅读理解However, although the Internet provides services for us, it is silently getting our privacy(隐私) to some degree. The services on most websites require our personal information. If we want to enjoy these services, we have to provide much of our information, including our names, sex, addresses, telephone numbers and sometimes bank accounts(账户). Because weak network sometimes is unsafe, our information might be open, stolen or sold. Even sometimes it will be used freely by others.Considering(考虑到……) the above mentioned, you must pay attention to the safety when using the Internet. First, when you need Internet service, you should always look through those big legal(合法的) websites. Second, if the service requires important personal information, you should think twice before you type it in. Third, store your own important card key(电子钥匙) and don’t tell others easily.1.According to the passage, we shouldn’t ______by using the Internet.A.learn EnglishB.give our friends’ information to othersC.chat with friendsD.look for jobs2.The underlined word “it” refers to ______.A.the telephone numberB.the nameC.the informationD.the bank account3.Which of the following ways is correct to protect our information on the Internet?a. Surf the safe Webb. Think over and over before typing it in.c. Don’t chat with friends on lined. Don’t use your key easily.A.a,b,c.B.b,c,d.C.a,b,d.D.a,c,d.4.What can we learn from the passage?A.Don’t believe others if you don’t know them.B.Remember never use the ID card on the Internet.C.Never use the Internet in the future.D.From now on, we must pay attention to the safety of the information on line.【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.D【解析】1.细节理解题。

2017年高考英语汇编专题精选：阅读七选五

A组2016～2014年各省市高考题〔改编〕Passage 1(2016·全国Ⅰ)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private.Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__1__ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.__2__ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”__3__You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “135520135.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.__4__ For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” __5__However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B．In any language, some letters are used more than others.C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D．As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F．With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.Passage 2(2016·全国Ⅱ)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。