2018版高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity复习练案新人教版选修8

Unit 1 A land of diversity
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·西北工业大学附中第六次适应性训练)导学号 42492768 When early colonial settlers went to America, they took many forms of dance to their_new_home.Square dancing, one of the oldest forms of American folk dance developed from several different Old World group dances, mainly English country dances and the French quadrille (四对方舞)．
In the American version of square dancing，four couples form a square and dance to music.An American addition to square dancing is the caller.What do you think a caller does?
Although popular for years, square dancing seemed to be going out of style and fading away until the early 1930s, when Henry Ford helped revive (复苏) interest in it.Ford, the automobile manufacturer, used to vacation at the Wayside Inn in Massachusetts, where he enjoyed the dance program run by a man named Benjamin Lovett.Ford asked Lovett to come to Detroit and teach dances, but Lovett said he couldn't because he had a contract with the inn.Ford solved that problem by buying the inn and Lovett's contract.He took Lovett back to Detroit, where together they established a program for teaching squares and rounds.Square dancing was updated and groups began forming all over the country.
文章大意：早期的殖民定居者到达美国时把很多形式的舞蹈带到了美国，而方形舞就是其中之一。

本文介绍了方形舞的起源和发展。

1．What is the best title for the passage？__B__
A．The Different Steps of Square Dancing
B．The Origin and Development of Square Dancing
C．Who Was the Inventor of Square Dancing
D．Why Did Square Dancing Go Out of Style?
解析：主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，第一段介绍了方形舞的起源，第二、三段主要介绍了方形舞的发展，第四段介绍了亨利·福特使得方形舞再次流行起来。

故B项“方形舞的起源和发展”最能概括文章主旨。

2．What does the underlined part “their new home” refer to？__D__
A．The United Kingdom. B．France.
C．Africa. D．America.
解析：词义猜测题。

根据文章第一段第一句When early colonial settlers went to America，they took many forms of dance to their new home.可知，早期的殖民定居者去美国时把很多形式的舞蹈也带到了他们的新家园。

由此可知，their new home在此指的是“美国”。

故选D项。

3．Why did the caller call out the steps for the dancers？__D__
A．Because the dance was invented by the caller.
B．Because the dancers didn't know the names of the steps.
C．Because the steps were very particular.
D．Because it was hard for the dancers to remember all the steps.
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第三段第二句．..but eventually the dance became so complicated that it was necessary to have someone call out cues so that dancers didn't have to remember so many steps.可知，方形舞中的舞步指挥喊出舞步是为了提醒舞者，从而使舞者不必记住那么多复杂的舞步。

故选D项。

4．What can we learn about Henry Ford in the last paragraph？__C__
A．He was the man who made the first car.
B．He was very fond of dancing.
C．He helped make square dancing popular again.
D．He taught people how to dance.
解析：推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段第一句．..when Henry Ford helped revive interest in it.及下文介绍他是如何做的可知，亨利·福特使得方形舞再次流行起来。

故选C项。

B
(2016·蚌埠市一模)导学号 42492769 For example, many retired Americans can be found driving around the United States in big recreational vehicles, known as R．V.'s.These serve as a home away from home.In fact, it might even be their only home as they see the country.
Some American families get in their cars and drive to historic places like Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia.There, they can experience what life was like for early Americans.If that is not exciting enough, also in Williamsburg is a water park and an amusement park with rides.
Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone or Yosemite out in the West.They want to spend time with nature.Or they take their vacation by a lake or
the ocean.They might swim or fish.But many just want to sit and enjoy the feeling of doing nothing, except maybe read a book.
Some families fly to other countries on vacation.Or they go on a cruise ship (大型游轮)and stop in different ports.Cruise ships are like floating cities.
But not everyone goes someplace special on vacation.This might be the only time for people to work on things like home improvement projects.And while they do that, they might think of all the fun their friends are having.
文章大意：本文讲述了美国人比其他工业城市的人工作时间多，而休息时间少。

当他们休息时，大部分家庭会选择在暑假离开家出去旅游一两周，甚至更长的时间，通过不同的方式去各个地方感受不一样的旅行快乐。

5．What can be the best title for the text？__B__
A．Americans Work More and Vacation Less
B．Where Americans Go on Their Summer Vacations
C．Different Places for Summer Vacations
D．Not All Americans Take Summer Vacations
解析：主旨大意题。

本文介绍了在暑假，美国人会花费一两周，甚至更长的时间离开家出去旅游，他们旅游的方式和地点很多，如一些人驾车环游美国、一些人去历史悠久的地方，还有一些人利用假期接近大自然，由此可推断出B项“美国人夏季去哪度假”作为文章标题最佳。

故选B项。

6．If you want to spend time with nature, you can do the following things except __D__.
A．to visit national parks B．to see the country
C．to stay by a lake D．to visit historic places
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第四段Other Americans visit national parks like Yellowstone...Or they take their vacation by a lake or the ocean...maybe read a book.可知，如果想接近自然，你可以去参观国家公园，或呆在湖边或去海边玩耍，甚至可以读书。

而to visit historic places只是能让人们感受到早期的美国生活，不属于接近自然。

故选D项。

7．Which of the following is False？__C__
A．People choose different destinations depending on different interests.
B．People interested in history can have fun in Colonial Williamsburg.
C．All the people take vacations only to do nothing but relax themselves.
D．Not all Americans can afford time and money to go on a vacation.
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的But not everyone goes someplace special
on vacation.This might be the only time for people to work on things like home improvement projects.可知，并不是每个美国人都会在假期放松自己去各个地方旅游，有些人也许只有在假期才能进行他们的家庭改进工作。

C项中的All the people和only用词过于绝对，C项表述错误，故为答案。

8．What does the underlined sentence of the passage mean？__D__
A．They fully enjoy doing their work on home improvement projects.
B．They think of their work at home as a special kind of vacation.
C．They can imagine what fun their friends are having on vacation.
D．They might envy their friends having time going on vacation.
解析：词义猜测题。

根据文章最后一段的描述可知，有的美国人会利用假期做家庭改进的工作，而这些人是不能出去旅游的，由此可推断出画线句表达的是他们可能会羡慕他们的朋友有时间出去旅游。

故选D项。

Ⅱ.七选五导学号 42492770
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余项。

(2016·成都市二诊) Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.
In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together.__1.B__Together, however, the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing (调味酱), but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.
From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life.__2.C__Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity；that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.
__3.G__Here, society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together，sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense, America can surely
be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols.__4.F__In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation's official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.
Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both.__5.D__
A．Both are correct depending on one's point of view.
B．They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.
C．This is why there is so much diversity within America.
D．In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.
E．Thus, one needs to abandon one's culture to be considered “American”．F．They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.
G．The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.
文章大意：有的人把美国社会描述为“沙拉碗”，有的人认为它是“大熔炉”。

实际上，美国的特点并非非此即彼，而是在差异中存在统一。

解析：
1．根据设空处前面的 a bowl of salad及本段最后一句，分析各个选项可知，只有B 项“它们从来不会失去它们的形状、颜色和味道”描述的与沙拉有关。

They指代前句中的all the ingredients(所有的材料)。

故选B项。

2．根据分析，本段继续描述美国像“沙拉碗”，前后为因果关系：“多个民族”融合，但是“保持着各自的独特性”，使得人们白天可能从事相似的工作，但是下班后沿用各自民族的生活方式，这就是美国“多样性”的原因。

故选C项。

3．文章第一段提出“沙拉碗”和“大熔炉”两个理论。

第二、三两段详细描述了“沙拉碗”理论。

设空处位于第四段段首，再根据本段中的one large pot及a melting pot可知选G项，引出下文对第二个理论的描述。

4．本段最后三句围绕shared symbols(共享的符号)展开：有许多“共享的符号”，因而“它们”有助于不同的民族发展以便创造一个新的美国文化，而在这样的文化中，美国国旗和国歌这些符号有助于打破种族分裂的藩篱。

F项中They指代前句中的shared symbols。

故选F项。

5．本段两句话总结全文：“美国将‘沙拉碗’和‘大熔炉’两大特点融合在一起。

‘换句话说’，美国是一个‘多样性中存在统一’的国家”。

D项中unity in diversity是第一句中a mixture of both的另一种说法。

故选D项。

Ⅲ.短文改错导学号 42492771
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2016·宝鸡市二模)
Dear Lucy ，
How is everything going?
You know, I am in Grade Three now.Our school has got a opportunity to help us apply to Columbia University, a world －famous university located in the north of America.Those whose pass the selective test held by our school next week would have the chance to take part in the oral and written exams in English as well as the interview by the CU teachers next January.
It has long be my dream to study abroad, I treasure this chance very much.Now, I am trying my best to getting ready for the coming exams.Could you give me some advices on how to get good equipped with English knowledge before exams ？I believe I will benefit a lot of from your valuable and timely suggestions.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
答案： Dear Lucy ，
How is everything going?
You know, I am in Grade Three now.Our school has got a an
opportunity to help us
apply to for
Columbia University, a world －famous university located in the north of
America.Those whose who pass the selective test held by our school next week would will
have
the chance to take part in the oral and written exams in English as well as the interview by the CU teachers next January.
It has long be been my dream to study abroad, ∧so/and
I treasure this chance very
much.Now, I am trying my best to getting get
ready for the coming exams.Could you give me some advices advice on how to get good well
equipped with English knowledge before exams ？
I believe I will benefit a lot of from your valuable and timely suggestions.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
1．解析：第一处：a→an opportunity 的读音以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an 。

故将a 改为an 。

3．解析：第三处：whose→who Those 后为定语从句，先行词为Those ，且在从句中作主语，指人，应用who 引导。

故将whose 改为who 。

4．解析：第四处：would→will 全文时态是一般现在时，根据时间状语next week 可知，应用一般将来时。

故将would 改为will 。

5．解析：第五处：be→been 现在完成时have done 结构中，动词要用过去分词形式，故将be 改为been 。

6．解析：第六处：在I 前加so/and 句意为：出国学习一直以来都是我的梦想，因此/而且，我非常珍惜这次机会。

根据句意可知，上下文之间是因果关系，或顺承关系，故用连词so/and 连接。

7．解析：第七处：getting→get try one's best to do...意为“尽某人最大努力做……”，其中to 为动词不定式符号，因此应用动词原形。

故将getting 改为get 。

8．解析：第八处：advices→advice advice 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。

故将advices 改为advice 。

9．解析：第九处：good→well 修饰动词应用副词形式，故将good 改为well 。

10．解析：第十处：删除of 本句中a lot 充当副词修饰动词benefit ，a lot of 后加名词表示“许多”。

故删除介词of 。