江苏专版2018年高考英语总复习微专题训练第27练科技类一

第27练科技类（一）Ⅰ.语境填词1．He is a great ________(succeed) as a writer，but a failure as a father.2．A small，________(brilliant) colored bird flashed into view.3．He found he could no longer cope with his ________(demand) job.4．My ________(实验) show that light or heat is attractive.5．We must make sure that public facilities in the newly­built buildings，like the restroom and the lift，are ________ (access) to disabled visitors.Ⅱ.单项填空6．When first ________ to the mainland market，the fruits from Taiwan Island enjoyed a great success immediately.A．introducing B．introducedC．introduce D．being introduced7．The experiment that he ________ was ________.A．did；successfully B．made；successfullyC．carried out；a success D．set out；a success8．Apparently，due to the new policy，________ years before，food waste has much decreased since last year.A．to compare with B．comparing withC．being compared with D．compared with9．They now have a good government，________ by all the people.A．having supported B．supportingC．supported D．to be supported10．—It’s a good idea.But who’s going to ________ the plan.—I think Tom and Greg will.A．set aside B．carry outC．take in D．get throughⅠ.阅读理解AScientists can figure out a movie’s emotional tone from the gasps of its audience.Sure，the sounds are a clue，but so are the chemicals that viewers breathe in each time they sigh and scream，a new study suggests.“You hear the music and see the pictures，but you don’t realize there’re chemical signals in the air，” says Jon athan Williams，who led the study and works at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz，Germany.Williams started out measuring the air in a soccer stadium.He wanted to see if the fans’ exhaled(呼出的) breaths might affect levels of greenhouse gases in the air.Carbon dioxide, which people breathe out，is one example.And he found the answer was no at least on a small scale.But he noticed levels of carbon dioxide shifted wildly whenever the crowd cheered.That got him wondering：Could the gases people exhale be influenced by emotions?So Williams went to the movies.He and his coworkers measured air samples collected over six weeks in two movie theaters.Overall,9,500 moviegoers watched 16 films including a mix of comedy，romance，action and horror films.Then they looked for hundreds of chemicals in the air that showed up as people were watching particularmovie scenes.Scenes that had people laughing or on_the_edge_of_their_seats were especially unique，the researchers reported.During screenings of The Hunger Games：Catching Fire，levels of carbon dioxide and isoprene(异戊二烯) were the highest at two terrifying moments.Because isoprene was involved in muscle movement，the researchers thought tense movie moments likely led to its highest level.Williams and his colleagues t hought an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide was due to the viewers’ increased pulse and breathing rates.Scientists need more data to make stronger links between human emotions and what’s in their breath.But Williams can see possible practical panies，for instance, could quickly measure the air during tests to see how people feel about new products.1．What did Jonathan Williams find in the study conducted in a soccer stadium?A．Emotions affected the gases people breathe out.B．Human cheers changed levels of carbon dioxide.C．Human breaths affected levels of greenhouse gases.D．The exhaled chemicals were linked to what were eaten.2．What does the underlined part “on the edge of their seats” in Para.5 mean?A．Nervous. B．Touched.C．Happy. D．Puzzled.3．What does Jonathan Williams think of his study in movie theaters?A．Creative. B．Unsuccessful.C．Systematic. D．Meaningful.4．What is the best title for the passage?A．Watching Movies Is Good for Our EmotionsB．The Useful Role of Chemical Signals in the AirC．Our Breaths Show Our Emotions at the MoviesD．Reasons for Levels of Carbon Dioxide in TheatersBScientists have known for decades that having measles(麻疹) suppresses kids’ immune systems for several weeks or months，leaving them ill­equippe d to fight off pneumonia，bronchitis and other infections.Now a team of researchers has suggested that the measles virus may also leave a longer­lasting sort of “immune­amnesia(免疫缺失)” that makes it harder for peopleto stave_off other illnesses for two years or more.“That re­emphasizes the importance of vaccination(疫苗)，” said biologist Michael Mina，lead author of a paper that was published in the journal Science.“There may be a long­lasting impact that you can’t undo if your child gets measles，” he said.“I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.”The researchers used what Mina called “an unconventional approach” to search for the long­lasting immune system effects.Previous work in monkeys suggested that monkeys with the disease lost white blood cells their bodies had trained to fight off other illnesses，leaving them more likely to be infected.To test if a similar thing may occur in humans，the group mined historical data to find out the relationship between measles incidence(发病率) and deaths from other infectious diseases.They turned to data from England and Wales—developed nations where disease levels are generally low，allowing a less­confused view of measles’ effects.Studying measles incidence and deaths from infectious disease both before and after the introduction of the measles vaccine in the UK in the 1960s，Mina and the team saw a sort of shadow effect，where deaths from a variety of non­measles infectious diseases closely tracked measles incidence.The more measles in a population，the more deaths from other illnesses in the 28­month period that followed.“Really it didn’t matter what age group，what decade or what country，” said Mina.“They all showed consistent results...what we’re suggesting happens over the long term is that your immune system works fine，but it has forgotten what it previously learned.”Some researchers who were not involved in the work questioned whether the reductions in deaths as measles cases declined may have had more to do with improving nutrition and smaller family size than with prolonged immune suppression.Others thought the paper’s opinion of years­long suppression was seemingly reasonable but said they could not comment on the mathematical models the group used.To know for certain what was behind the effect the group saw，Mina agreed，scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior.He said he would like to push the work in a more traditional direction：back into the laboratory.5．Why did Mina call their resear ch method “an unconventional approach”？A．Their research was based on the historical data.B．Their research compared monkeys with humans.C．They only paid attention to developed nations.D．They discovered a sort of shadow effect.6．According to Mina，what is the significance of their research?A．They warned people that measles can result in other infectious diseases.B．They carried out the research on measles in an unconventional approach.C．They showed how dangerous measles is and the importance of vaccination.D．They found out the disease levels are generally low in developed nations.7．The underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．A．keep away B．survive fromC．search for D．turn down8．Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?A．Measles Has Been the Origin of Other Diseases and DeathsB．New Research Conducted into Measles Has Been Widely QuestionedC．Study Points to Years­long Immune System Misfortunes from MeaslesD．Damage Caused by Measles to the Immune System Could Last Several Weeks Ⅱ.佳作背诵(科普知识与现代技术)你的美国笔友Tom来信和你讨论个人信息保护问题，让你就如何保护个人信息给他一些建议。