2013学年高三静安区一模试题 十一选十
2013年上海市高考一模静安区作文题展示
2013年上海市高考一模静安区作文题展示作者：程立海来源：《作文评点报·高中版》2013年第18期【金题速递】阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。
（70分）从A点到B点，一张过分详细的地图并不一定有用。
如果我们想要沿高速公路从一个大城市前往另一个大城市，我们并不需要包括许多与运输工具无关的信息的地图，因为在这样的地图中，主要的公路被淹没在大且复杂的次要道路中了，看这种地图反而令人糊涂。
不过，一张其中只有一条高速公路的地图，虽然指向明确，但如果这条高速公路被重大的交通事故堵塞，这种地图又未必是最佳的选择。
根据以上材料，自选角度，写一篇不少于800字的文章，题目自拟。
【疯狂点题】本则材料，延续了上海高考作文思辨性极强的命题风格。
通读材料，可以知道：所给的两段文字，在语义上是有转折关系的，这从“不过”一词即可读出来。
由此，便可很快地明了、领会出材料的意旨与命题人的意图。
所以，考生只要抓住“一张过分详细的地图并不一定有用”与“只有一条高速公路的地图……又未必是最佳的选择”这几个关键的句子审题、立意、行文即可。
就“一张过分详细的地图并不一定有用”的角度立意：信息量与条件过于纷繁、庞杂和详细，不利于筛选、提炼、利用，反而可能会干扰和耽误做事的效率、时间，直接影响到事情的成败。
可列举自己、身边的人以及名人的事例加以佐证。
从“只有一条高速公路的地图……又未必是最佳的选择”的角度立意：太过简洁、笼统的信息或条件，同样是没有多大意义和价值的，也不是成就事业的必然的选择。
可见，要写好这道作文题，只有将两方面辩证统一起来，才能写出理想的、高分的习作。
【习作展示】伟人的时代上海静安区一考生一张小小的地图，或简或详，我都从中看见了一个伟人的时代。
古时，两点之间找不到路的，自不必多说；能找到一条的，便是“高手”；“举一隅以三隅反”，找到三条的，便是颜回般的贤士；而“条条大路通罗马”般的博学，又洞悉不少与“运输”无关的信息，那只有《三国演义》中那位“近妖”的诸葛先生，那些罕见的人中精英、博学人物了。
高考数学一模考试2013学年静安一模(理)
静安区2013学年高三年级第一学期期末数学理试卷（试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟） 2014.1一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．已知集合{}01|),(=-+=y x y x A ，{}1|),(2-==x y y x B ，则=B A I .2．已知1312cos -=α ，),2(ππα∈，则)4tan(απ+的值是 . 3．当0>x 时，函数xa y )8(-=的值恒大于1，则实数a 的取值范围是 .4．关于未知数的实系数一元二次方程02=+-c bx x 的一个根是i 31+（其中i 为虚数单位），写出一个一元二次方程为 .5．某班有38人，现需要随机抽取5人参加一次问卷调查，抽到甲同学而未抽到乙同学的可能抽取情况 有 种. （结果用数值表示） 6．不等式12|3|-<-x x 的解集是 .7．若2)21(6b a +=+（其中a 、b 为有理数），则=+b a .8．已知方程12cos 2sin =+θθ，则当),(ππθ-∈时，用列举法表示方程的解的集合是 . 9．如图平面内有三个向量OA 、OB 、OC ，其中OA 与OB 的夹角为120°，OA 与OC 的夹角为30°， 2==OB OA 34=OC ，若OC =λ+μ(R ∈μλ,)，则μλ+的值为 . 10．设某抛物线mx y =2的准线与直线1=x 之间的距离为3，则该抛物线的方程为 . 11．已知a x =-)4cos(π，且40π<<x ，则)4cos(2cos x x +π的值用a 表示为 .12．已知椭圆142:22=+y x C 的上、下焦点分别为1F 、2F ，过椭圆C 上一点)2,1(P 作倾斜角互补的 两条直线PA 、PB ，分别交椭圆C 于A 、B 两点.则直线AB 的斜率为 . 13．若圆6)()(:22=-+-b y a x M 与圆5)1()1(:22=+++y x N 的两个交点始终为 圆5)1()1(:22=+++y x N 的直径两个端点，则动点),(b a M 的轨迹方程为 . 14．已知不等式b x x a ≤+-≤43432的解集为[]b a ,，则=b ，且b a +的值为 .二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案．考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分．15．“21=m ”是“直线013)2(=+++my x m 与直线03)2()2(=-++-y m x m 互相垂直”的( ) A ．充要条件； B ．充分不必要条件；C ．必要不充分条件；D ．既不充分也不必要条件.16．已知命题α：如果3<x ，那么5<x ；命题β：如果3≥x ，那么5≥x ；命题γ：如果5≥x ， 那么3≥x .关于这三个命题之间的关系，下列三种说法正确的是( )① 命题α是命题β的否命题，且命题γ是命题β的逆命题. ① 命题α是命题β的逆命题，且命题γ是命题β的否命题. ① 命题β是命题α的否命题，且命题γ是命题α的逆否命题. A ．①①； B ．①； C ．①① D ．①①①17．已知函数x x x f 4)(2+-=，]5,[m x ∈的值域是]4,5[-，则实数m 的取值范围是( )A ．)1,(--∞；B ．]2,1(-；C ．]2,1[-；D ．)5,2[.18．已知函数)(x f 是定义在实数集R 上的以2为周期的偶函数，当10≤≤x 时，2)(x x f =.若直线a x y +=与函数)(x f y =的图像在]2,0[内恰有两个不同的公共点，则实数a 的值是( )A ．41-或21-； B ．0； C ．0或21-； D ．0或41-.三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19．(本题满分12分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分5分.《九章算术》是我国古代数学成就的杰出代表. 其中《方田》章给出计算弧田面积所用的经验公式为：弧田面积=21（弦⨯矢+矢2）.弧田（如图），由圆弧和其所对弦所围成，公式中“弦”指圆弧所对弦长，“矢”等于半径长与圆心到弦的距离之差.按照上述经验公式计算所得弧田面积与其实际面积之间存在误差.现有圆心角为32π，弦长等于9米的弧田.（1）计算弧田的实际面积；（2）按照《九章算术》中弧田面积的经验公式计算所得结果与（1）中计算的弧田实际面积相差多少 平方米？（结果保留两位小数）20．(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分.（1）设x 、y 是不全为零的实数，试比较222y x +与xy x +2的大小；（2）设c b a ,,为正数，且1222=++c b a ，求证：3)(2111333222≥++-++abc c b a cb a .21．(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分. 已知双曲线222a y x =-（其中0>a ）.（1）若定点)0,4(A 到双曲线上的点的最近距离为5，求a 的值；（2）若过双曲线的左焦点1F ，作倾斜角为α的直线l 交双曲线于M 、N 两点，其中)43,4(ππα∈，2F 是双曲线的右焦点. 求①MN F 2的面积S .22．(本题满分16分) 本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分.设无穷数列{}n a 的首项11=a ，前n 项和为n S （*N n ∈），且点),(1n n S S -，)2,(*≥∈n N n在直线033)32(=+-+t ty x t 上（t 为与n 无关的正实数）． （1）求证：数列{}n a （*N n ∈）为等比数列；（2）记数列{}n a 的公比为)(t f ，数列{}n b 满足11=b ，)1(1-=n n b f b ，)2,(*≥∈n N n ， 设122212+--=n n n n n b b b b c ，求数列{}n c 的前项和n T ；（3）若（1）中无穷等比数列{}n a （*N n ∈）的各项和存在，记......)(21++++=n a a a t S ，求函数)(t S 的值域.23．(本题满分18分) 本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分5分，第3小题满分9分.已知函数11log )(+-=x x x f a（其中0>a 且1≠a ），)(x g 是)(x f 的反函数.（1）已知关于x 的方程)()7)(1(log x f x x ma=-+在区间]6,2[上有实数解，求实数m 的取值范围；（2）当10<<a 时，讨论函数)(x f 的奇偶性和增减性； （3）设pa +=11，其中1≥p . 记)(n g b n =，数列{}n b 的前n 项的和为n T （*N n ∈）， 求证：4+<<n T n n .2013学年第一学期静安理科数学试卷解答与评分标准2014、11．{})0,1(),3,2(-； 2．177； 3．9>a 4．01022=+-x x ； 5．58905436=C ； 6．),34(+∞； 7．169； 8．⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧-4,0,43ππ； 9．12=+μλ； 10．x y 82=或x y 162-= 11．a 2； 12．2； 13．1)1()1(22=+++b a ； 14．4=b ，4=+b a ； 15．B 16．A ． 17．C 18．D 19．解：(1) 扇形半径33=r ，……………………… 2分 扇形面积等于ππα9)33(32212122=⨯⨯=r ……………………… 5分 弧田面积等于4327932sin 212122-=-ππαr r （m 2）……………………… 7分 （2）圆心到弦的距离等于r 21，所以矢长为r 21.按照上述弧田面积经验公式计算得 21（弦⨯矢+矢2）=)213(427)4272339(21+=+⨯.………………………10分 52.15166.1827432743279≈=---π平方米……………………… 12分 按照弧田面积经验公式计算结果比实际少52.1平米. 20.（1）解法1：222222243)2()(2y y x xy y x xy x y x +-=-+=+-+………………3分 因为x 、y 是不全为零的实数，所以043)2(22>+-y y x ，即xy x y x +>+2222…………… 6分 解法2：当0<xy 时， 22222y x x xy x +<<+；……………………… 2分 当0>xy 时，作差：02)(222222>=-≥-+=+-+xy xy xy xy y x xy x y x ； 因为x 、y 是不全为零的实数，所以当0=xy 时，xy x y x +>+2222。
2013届上海市高三英语一模——十选九
2013届（2012学年）上海市高三英语一模——十选九（长宁）A. advanceB. similarC. destructionD. ceaseE. increaseF. definedG. approachesH. miserableI. populatedJ. shiftsPeople rarely feel as helpless as they do when attacked by the threat of severe storms. There is nothing that can prevent a hurricane (飓风) or tornado from causing destruction if it reaches a 41 area. History offers numerous examples of storms that have destroyed large numbers of homes and killed many people. But today things are not as 42 as they were in the past. By studying the conditions that cause storms, weather forecasters are better able to predict them and give people in their paths the warning needed in 43 to keep away from tragedy.A storm is 44 as a sudden, extreme change in the normal conditions of Earth‟s atmosphere. Examples include a large flood of moisture (湿气) or a sharp increase in wind speed. These types of 45 are generally caused by a dramatic change in air pressure. In fact, air pressure often affects weather more than any other factors.Hurricanes are somewhat 46 to tornadoes because both produce atmospheric vortices. Vortices are cone-shaped depression (低气压) of high-speed winds that can cause a large lot of 47 if they touch the ground. When a storm 48 shore, it brings not only fierce winds but also large amounts of ocean water. Storms require moisture to exist, so they quickly 49 over land. As the storm dies, it creates large thunderclouds that can cause heavy rain, thunder, lightning, and flooding. Tornadoes can also form from the breakup of storms and are often one of their most dangerous consequences.41~45 IHAFJ 46~49 BCGD（闸北）A. consequentlyB. divorcedC. servingD. imaginaryE. hitF. evilG. secretH. gained i. honours J. inspiredThe popularity of the fantasy novels Harry Potter and the great success of the Potter movie series have aroused Potter fans' craze about the author — Joanne Kathleen Rowling.Rowling started writing after graduating with __41__ . Nonetheless, this was not supposed to be her main job, as she was already working as a secretary. She found her job rather boring and was frequently absent-minded, as she was always taking notes for sudden ideas for future stories. She was fired __42__ and went from one job to another.Finally, a trip by train __43__ her to produce a story about a young wizard (巫师）born with responsibilities to fight 44 forces. Unfortunately, her idea could not be developed due to her mother's sudden death. Shocked and depressed, Rowling left Britain. When she returned, she was already a __45__ single mother with a little daughter. in spite of all the frustrations in life, she managed to put her __46__ story to the point. Harry Potter was published and became a(n) __47__ in no time. The Potter books have __48__ worldwide applause, won multiple awards, and havebeen the basis for a popular series of films, in which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts (脚本）and maintained creative control at the same time by __49__ As a producer in the films. It is through Harry Potter that Rowling has led a "rags to riches" reality show, where she progressed from living on social security to multi-millionaire status.41〜45 IAJFB 46〜49 DEHC（杨浦）A. emphasizeB. misunderstandingC. reflectD. referredE. privacyF. attachedG. occurringH. opposeI. civilizationJ. concerningThe most difficult part of a Western-Chinese marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek __41__. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore __42__ also on relationships and marriage.From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship __43__ many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point of view, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerners‟ marriages __44__ more the independence and __45__ of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still __46__ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not __47__ it.It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in __48__. Young Asian ladies are fond of western men because they believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. Western men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine.My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in other‟s shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her different culture and carefully commenting on it and so on.There are more and more cross-culture marriages __49__ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys.41~45 ICJAE 46~49 FHBG（徐汇）A. considerationB. originallyC.involvementD. finalizedE. sponsoredF.increaseG. balancedH. representI. proceedJ. includedThe Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for a novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland and it aims to ___(41)___ the very best in contemporary fiction. The prize was ___(42)___ called the Booker-McConnell Prize, which was the name of the company that ___(43)___ it, though it was better-known as simply the …Booker Prize‟. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping …Booker‟.Publishers can submit（提交）books for ___(44)___ for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted they think should be ___(45)___. Firstly, the Advisory Committee give advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize and selects the people who will judge the books. The judging panel（评审团）changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is ___(46)___ in terms of gender and professions within the industry, so that a writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been ___(47)___, they are left to make their own decisions without any further ___(48)___ orinterference from the prize sponsor.The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics to maintain the consistent（始终如一的）quality of the prize and its influence is such that the winner will almost certainly see the sales ___(49)___ considerably, in addition to the £50,000 that comes with the prize.41. H 42. B 43. E 44. A 45. J 46. G 47. D 48. C 49. F（松江）A. termsB. competingC. attractedD. especiallyE. registeredF. applicationsG. fortunatelyH. mechanicsI. markingJ. remarkableA stable post in government offices is what thousands of millions of well-educated young people have been DYING for. This year, a total of 1.5 million people __41__ for the national civil servant examination in China, __42__ another impressive record in the number of young people __43__ for government jobs, often with odds of hundreds to one. In the northeastern city of Harbin, for example, 440 openings for drivers, __44__ and cleaners in the municipal public sanitation service drew More than 7,000 __45__ from young people under 30 and almost half of them were college graduates.The __46__ shift in young people's job preferences in recent years has analysts and educators worried. Many applicants are __47__ to the stability of government jobs in a time of increasing economic uncertainty, but some experts say that young people, __48__ recent college graduates, should be more adventurous and entrepreneurial. They should beware of settling down into comfortable government jobs that offer little in __49__ of career progression or personal growth. 41〜45 EIBHF 46〜49 JCDA（青浦）A. generousB. statisticsC. buildingD. chanceE. additionF. contributeG. annoyingH. currentI. furtherJ. structureAttracting donations is a chief concern for nonprofit organizations and projects. An effective, professional donation-request letter is a necessary tool for fund-raising. Researching possible donors and 41 a database of names and organizations is one key to success, but the ability to write a donation-request letter has an even greater impact on successful fund-raising. The following are some tips/instructions.Research potential donors via the Internet. Research small companies in 42 to large foundations. Sometimes a small local company will assist you in reaching your goal. A simple appeal to a public-spirited local firm may inspire a surprisingly 43 donation.Find the appropriate contact person. Address your letter to a real person who is in a position to entitle a donation. Beginning your letter with “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Country Market” stands litt le 44 of attracting the attention of the right staff member.And then, 45 the letter properly. Begin your letter with a vivid and readable description of your organization‟s work, and highlight a recent success story. Continue with a few general 46 to impress the contact person with your organization‟s efficiency and effectiveness. Next, describe in full the 47 project or effort for which a donation is needed and who will benefit. Include all contact information, including telephone, fax and email, and end by inviting the person to contact you if any 48 information is needed. Finally, hand on the letter to colleagues for proofreading and suggestions.Keep careful records of donations and send thank-you letters. Donors often are willing to 49 again if they are shown how their contribution was put to use. Follow-up letters can assist in this effort.Section B 41～49 C E A D J B H I F（普陀）A. complicatedB. seldomC. aimedD. dangerousE. changeF. relativeG. simpleH. qualityI. inexperiencedJ. ignoreThere are more than almost two million cars on the streets of Shanghai. That‟s not a big number _41_ to the city‟s population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic is a big problem he re. And many people would argue that it‟s not the number of cars on the road, but the _42_ of the drivers that is the main cause of concern.According to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _43_ than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _44_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights without stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _45_ drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations _46_ at making it more difficult for people to get a driver‟s license, but that is only a partial s olution to Shanghai‟s traffic problems. What is really needed is a _47_ indrivers‟ attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others. You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _48_ pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _49_ weapon. Drivers will have to realize that before Shanghai‟s streets can become truly safe.41-----49 FHABICEJD（浦东）A. inappropriateB. questionC. inexperiencedD. changesE. trendsF. job-relatedG. assessH. dissatisfactionI. professionJ. occursNursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teaching, __41__ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physician‟s order is __42__ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to __43__that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the __44__. The emotional and physical stress, however, which __45__ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career __46__. It is sometimes required that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except __47__ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand __48__ in our medical system. But if __49__ continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.41~49. GABIJ HFDE（闵行）A. blamedB. predictedC. demandingD. measuresE. improveF. influencesG. extinctH. similarI. loseJ. consequencesThe next generation may lose the opportunity to swim over coral reefs (珊瑚礁) or eat certain species of fish, scientists have warned, as the world‟s oceans move i nto a stage of widespread extinction because of human 41 such as overfishing and climate change.A report from an international group of marine experts said that the condition of the world‟s seas was worsening more quickly than had been 42 . The scientists, who gathered at OxfordUniversity, warned that we would 43 the whole ecosystems, such as coral reefs in a generation. Already the number of fish is dropping, leading to risk of rising food prices and even starvation in some parts of the world.The experts 44 the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere for pushing up ocean temperature, the increased algae (海藻) concentration in the water, which made the water have less oxygen. The conditions are 45 to every previous mass exti nction event in the Earth‟s history.Dr Alex Rogers, scientific director of the International Programme on the State of the Ocean said the next generation would suffer if species are allowed to go 46 . “As we considered the cumulative (积累的) effect of what humankind had done to the ocean were far worse than we had individually realized,” he said. “This is a very serious situation 47quick and effective action at every level. We are looking at 48 for humankind that will influence in our lifetime an d, worse, our children‟s and generations beyond that.”The marine scientists called for a range of urgent 49 to cut carbon emissions (排放),reduce overfishing, create protected areas in the seas and cut pollution.41~45 FBIAH 46~49 GCJD（静安）A. campaignB. notedC. focusD. carefulE. releasedF. fallG. trendH. deadI. majorJ. extendedWASHINGTON (Reuters) — The U.S. unemployment rate probably rose in October as employers stepped up hiring only slightly, underscoring President B arack Obama‟s vulnerability in next week‟s presidential election.Employers likely added 125,000 jobs to their payrolls last month, according to a Reuters survey of economists. That would be up from 114,000 in September, but would 41 short of what is needed to quickly cut the jobless rate.Indeed, economists expect the unemployment rate — a key 42 in the neck-and-neck race for the White House ——to tick up by a tenth of a percentage point to 7.9 percent, reversing part of a surprise drop seen in September.The Labor Department's closely watched report, which will be 43 at 8:30 a.m. (12:30 GMT) on Friday, will be the last 44 report card on the economy before Tuesday's presidential election, which pits (使竞争）President Obama against Republican Mitt Romney.If economists are right, it will show the eighth straight month of dull job growth, a worrisome 45 that would likely reinforce the Federal Reserve's resolve to keep easy money policies in place until the economy shows more vigor."The weakness in overall economic growth momentum has 46 into the last quarter of the year," said Millan Mulraine, an economist at TD Securities in New York.Romney has made the nation's feeble jobs market, which has caused Obama a lot of trouble since he took office in 2009, the centerpiece of his 47 . The last Reuters/Ipsos daily tracking poll showed Obama and Romney in a 48 heat.Still, the report could provide fodder for both candidates. Some economists have 49 an increase in the jobless rate might have a silver lining if it is driven by Americans pouring into the labor market to restart job hunts.41〜45 FCEIG 46〜49 JAHB（金山）A. desperationB. authoritiesC. diligentlyD. confusionE. enrolledF. violentlyG. financialH. conclusion i. devoted J. graduationSeventeen years ago, when I was in military college, I was known as "the worrying wreck from Virginia Tech". I worried so 41 that I often became ill. In __42__ , I poured out my troubles to Professor Baird, professor of business administration. The fifteen minutes that I spent with Professor Baird did more for my health and happiness than all the rest of the four years i spent in college. “Jim,” he said, "you ought to sit down and face the facts. If you __43__ half as much time and energy to solving your problems as you do to worrying about them, you wouldn't have any worries.”I figured that i had failed physics because I had no interest in the subject. But now I changed my attitude. I said to myself: “If the college __44__ demand that I pass my physics examination before I obtain a degree, who am i to question their w isdom?”So I __45__ for physics again. This time I passed because instead of wasting my time in worrying about how hard it was, i studied __46__ .I solved my __47__ worries by taking on some additional jobs, such as selling punch at the college dances, and by borrowing money from my father, which i paid back soon after __48__ .As I look back at it now, I can see that My problem was one of __49__ , a lack of willingness to find the causes of my worry and face them realistically.41-49 FAIBE CGJD（嘉定）A. losingB. influenceC. originalD. identifiedE. futureF. regularlyG. attractedH. convincingI. carefullyJ. processSome people are happy to believe in ESP (超感官知觉) while others are firm disbelievers.Parapsychologists (灵学专家), who lend a certain seriousness to the subject, have 41 four types of ESP: One type called clairvoyance describes the act of being able to obtain knowledge of a person or event without the use of the normal senses; Another type, telepathy, is the 42 by which a person is able to read another person‟s thoughts without the use of any of the normal senses; Still another type, psychogenesis, is the ability to43 a physical object just by thinking about it; The last type, precognition, is the term applied when somebody is able to foresee44 events.Over the years there have been many ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called " Extra-Sensory Perception" in which he claimed to have overwhelming（压倒的）evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to repeat his results exactly in the same way, which has resulted in the book45 much of its original reliability.The Granzfield experiments are considered to have been the most 46 examined ESP experiments. The experimenters had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a "sender" attempted to transmit messages. Later the experimenters would compare the messages received to the 47 messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time but the research failed to produce 48 results.Human beings are 49 to the supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate human beings. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain, “The truth is out there!"41---49 D J B E A I C H G（黄浦）A. energeticB. tryingC. establishedD. releasedE. originatedF. consumeG. enjoyingH. fashionableI. produceJ. discoveredSome people cannot imagine starting the day without a cup of coffee. From the most __41__cafes of Paris to the breakfast stands lining the streets of Taipei, coffee has firmly __42__ itself as one of the world‟s favourite beverages. For such a well-loved drink, however, few people are aware of its curious origins.As a legend goes, coffee berries were first __43__ in 850 by an Ethiopian goat herder who noticed his goats were much livelier after having eaten the red berries of a local bush. After __44__ the berries himself, the goat herder felt much more __45__ than usual. The news about the wonderful berry was __46__ quickly, and soon monks were looking on it as an elixir（仙丹妙药）and eating it to help stay awake during evening prayers.Although coffee __47__ on the plateaus of Ethiopia, it was the Arabs who first cultivated it around 1100. They were also the first people to roast it and boil it. By 1475, people in Constantinople were __48__ a cup of coffee in the world‟s first coffee shop. Coffee spread to Europe around 1600 and to the New World seven years later.These days, it seems you can get a cup of coffee just about everywhere you go. Every year, coffee lovers __49__ more than 400 billion cups of coffee and make it one of the world‟s biggest commodities—second only to oil.41—45 HCJBA 46—49 DEGF（虹口）A. basedB. scheduleC. individualD. determinedE. achievingF. ambitiousG. successH. studyingI. marvelJ. smarterThe Secret of SuccessThe secret of success is that there is no secret. Some people succeed because they are just __41__ than other people. Some people succeed because they just work harder than other people. And some people succeed because they are just plain lucky.Ma Donghan is a student at Tsinghua University who is __42__ to be successful and she‟s not going to leave it to luck. Ma is obviously smart because she‟s a student at the best university in China, but her plan for success is __43__ on the old fashion value of hard work. You can see that by the weekly schedule she‟s set up for herself which was recently posted online.Every hour of every day is accounted for. There is her classroom __44__, of course, but then blocks of time are set aside for __45__ each subject and also for a few activities like playing sports. There are no hours set aside for just relaxing and there are only five hours allotted (分配) each night for sleeping. She has set a very __46__, almost punishing schedule for herself, but it seems to be working.Other students __47__ at Ma‟s diligence and discipline but doubt that they could achieve the same level of success. Perhaps not, but Ma is obviously a unique and special __48__. She has set high goals, made a plan to achieve those goals, and worked hard to keep to her plan. This is what other students can learn from Ma.In school, as in life, __49__ is never guaranteed and not everyone will find him or herself at the top of the pyramid. The important thing to remember is that having a plan and working hard to stay with the plan will bring you a level of success that just being smart and lucky cannot.41-49: J D A B H FICG（奉贤）A. speciesB. concernedC. extensionD. barelyE. incrediblyF. monitoredG. introducedH. survivalI. seriouslyJ. extinctionThey may be so small that they can crawl along the edge of a coin, but the endangered status of the Partula gibba snails means soon they may not be visible at all.The critically endangered snail, which is __41__ bigger than a pin head at birth, is facing __42__ after a failed farming experiment almost wiped out its number in its native Pacific islands. When the predatory (食肉的）rosy wolf-snail from Florida was __43__ to the islands in 1974 in an attempt to control land snail numbers, it instead fed on tree snails, including the tiny Partula gibba ones.Now British conservationists are battling to save the tiny creature. Marwell Zoo in Hampshire, England is home to 123 of the world's remaining 306 Partula gibba snails.This year, the zoo will release some of the snails into reserves on the Pacific islands. The snails will then be closely __44__ until they are released into the wild to look after themselves.Snail keeper Geoff Read at Marwell Zoo is deeply __45__ about the fate of the snails. "i'm looking at a(n) __46__ dying in front of me and to think these snails could become extinct in my lifetime is __47__ sad," he said."I know they are only snails, and i hate to say that, BUT because they are not cute (可爱的）and fluffy (毛茸茸的)，people do not seem to care. These animals are rare." added the keeper, who called for responsibility to be taken "very __48__. ”But there seems to be some good news. The International Partula Conservation programme has plans to reintroduce the snails into the wild, so there could be hope for the future. "There home there is like a bio-security room and the environment is key to their__49__ ."41〜45 DJGFB 46〜49 AEIH（宝山）A.majorityB. involvingC. associationD. visibleE. wearingF. distractionG. attentivelyH. fatalI. specificallyJ. neededPeople who wear headphones might want to throw them away while walking outside. A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims‟average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possible 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺）and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,” referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing what‟s going on in the environment, they point out, could be more important than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesn‟t show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to see which groups of people may be most at risk.41~45 E B A H C 46~49 F I D J11。
上海市2013年各区高三一模语文试卷答案(三)
上海市2013年各区高三一模语文试卷答案（三）嘉定区参考答案一（16分）1．（2分）当代中国诗人皈依西方诗人，拒绝祖国诗歌传统。
2．（3分）⑴（1分）A ⑵（2分）①从下文看，作者并未探讨当代中国诗人皈依西方诗人的原因，重点是分析祖国诗歌传统的现代价值、普世价值；②该句不是设问也不是反问，而是抒发对“诗国疆土沦丧”的感叹之情。
3．（2分）C4．（3分）第⑥段阐明陶渊明与西方先哲在“人与自然”这一元问题上见解的共同之处（1分）；是对前两段所述话题的深入探究，又是下一段提出“应该更钟情于自己民族的自然主义诗人陶渊明”这一观点的理论依据（前提）。
5．（2分）陶渊明所代表的中国诗歌传统（1分）面临无人继承的局面（1分）。
6．（4分）示例：①当代中国诗人对于祖国诗歌传统缺乏深入了解；②经过近百年严厉的自我批评，传统文化资源已几近枯竭；③西方文化强势输入；④传统文化某些负面因素让当代诗人反感。
（开放题，每小点2分，答出3点给满分。
照抄原文酌情扣分）二（22分）7．（2分）运用比喻手法，（1分）形象地写出了记忆深处“声音”渺远、新鲜、难忘等特点。
8．（3分）一步一步勾画出一个冬天傍晚的景象，（1分）为祖母呼唤声的出现铺垫一种寒冷而又黑暗的氛围，（1分）衬托出祖母温情与慈爱。
（1分）9．（3分）两处细节描写的是祖母独特的“呼唤之迹”，最大限度地展示了祖母的深挚爱心，同时又表现了作者对祖母的理解与挚爱。
10．（6分）B F11．（4分）①前后呼应，使文章结构紧凑，收纵自如；②照应标题，具体呈现祖母“呼唤”的内容；③标明文章层次，由回忆转到现实，完成立意升华；④突出文章的中心意象，形象化概括文章的主题。
12．（4分）狼的引入，有阴森的感觉，使本文不同于一般怀念祖母或亲人的文章。
拓宽了文章的意蕴，除表达对祖母的思念之情外，还有对人生艰险的警悸，以及对自我人生态度的言说：高度警惕，绝不回头，勇往直前。
狼的叙写使整篇文章凝重、深邃。
2013年上海市静安区高考数学一模试卷(文科)含详解
2013年上海市静安区高考数学一模试卷（文科）一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．（4分）已知函数f（x）=sin（2ax+）的最小正周期为4π，则正实数a=．2．（4分）等比数列{a n}（n∈N*）中，若，，则a12=．3．（4分）求和：=．（n∈N*）4．（4分）两条直线l1：3x﹣4y+9=0和l2：5x+12y﹣3=0的夹角大小为．5．（4分）设x，y满足条件则点（x，y）构成的平面区域面积等于．6．（4分）设x，y满足约束条件则使得目标函数z=6x+5y的值最大的点（x，y）是．7．（4分）已知圆C过双曲线﹣=1的一个顶点和一个焦点，且圆心在此双曲线上，则圆心到双曲线中心的距离是．8．（4分）某旅游团要从8个风景点中选两个风景点作为当天上午的游览地，在甲和乙两个风景点中至少需选一个，不考虑游览顺序，共有种游览选择．9．（4分）已知a＜0，关于x的不等式ax2﹣2（a+1）x+4＞0的解集是．10．（4分）已知α、β为锐角，且，则tanαtanβ=．11．（4分）数列{a n}的前n项和为（n∈N*），对任意正整数n，数列{b n}的项都满足等式，则b n=．12．（4分）机器人“海宝”在某圆形区域表演“按指令行走”．如图所示，“海宝”从圆心O出发，先沿北偏西arcsin方向行走13米至点A处，再沿正南方向行走14米至点B处，最后沿正东方向行走至点C处，点B、C都在圆O上．则在以圆心O为坐标原点，正东方向为x轴正方向，正北方向为y轴正方向的直角坐标系中圆O的方程为．13．（4分）设P是函数y=x+（x＞0）的图象上任意一点，过点P分别向直线y=x和y轴作垂线，垂足分别为A、B，则的值是．14．（4分）设复数z=（a+cosθ）+（2a﹣sinθ）i（i为虚数单位），若对任意实数θ，|z|≤2，则实数a的取值范围为．二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，填上正确的答案，选对得5分，否则一律得零分.15．（5分）某地区的绿化面积每年平均比上一年增长10.4%，经过x年，绿化面积与原绿化面积之比为y，则y=f（x）的图象大致为（）A．B．C．D．16．（5分）若复数z1z2≠0，则z1z2=|z1z2|是成立的（）A．充要条件B．既不充分又不必要条件C．充分不必要条件D．必要不充分条件17．（5分）函数f（x）=（x∈[1，3]）的值域为（）A．[2，3]B．[2，5]C．D．18．（5分）已知向量和满足条件：且．若对于任意实数t，恒有，则在、、、这四个向量中，一定具有垂直关系的两个向量是（）A．与B．与C．与D．与三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19．（14分）已知数列{a n}的递推公式为（1）令b n=a n﹣n，求证：数列{b n}为等比数列；（2）求数列{a n}的前n项和．20．（14分）已知a，b，c分别为△ABC三个内角A、B、C所对的边长，且acosB ﹣bcosA=c．（1）求：的值；（2）若A=60°，c=5，求a、b．21．（14分）某仓库为了保持库内的湿度和温度，四周墙上均装有如图所示的自动通风设施．该设施的下部ABCD是正方形，其中AB=2米；上部CDG是等边三角形，固定点E为AB的中点．△EMN是由电脑控制其形状变化的三角通风窗（阴影部分均不通风），MN是可以沿设施边框上下滑动且始终保持和AB平行的伸缩横杆．（1）设MN与AB之间的距离为x米，试将△EMN的面积S（平方米）表示成关于x的函数；（2）求△EMN的面积S（平方米）的最大值．22．（16分）已知椭圆的两个焦点为F1（﹣c，0）、F2（c，0），c2是a2与b2的等差中项，其中a、b、c都是正数，过点A（0，﹣b）和B（a，0）的直线与原点的距离为．（1）求椭圆的方程；（2）过点A作直线交椭圆于另一点M，求|AM|长度的最大值；（3）已知定点E（﹣1，0），直线y=kx+t与椭圆交于C、D相异两点．证明：对任意的t＞0，都存在实数k，使得以线段CD为直径的圆过E点．23．（16分）已知f（x）=，当点M（x，y）在y=f（x）的图象上运动时，点N（x﹣2，ny）在函数y=g n（x）的图象上运动（n∈N*）．（1）求y=g n（x）的表达式；（2）若方程g1（x）=g2（x﹣2+a）有实根，求实数a的取值范围；（3）设，函数F（x）=H1（x）+g1（x）（0＜a≤x≤b）的值域为，求实数a，b的值．2013年上海市静安区高考数学一模试卷（文科）参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．（4分）已知函数f（x）=sin（2ax+）的最小正周期为4π，则正实数a=．【考点】H1：三角函数的周期性．【专题】57：三角函数的图像与性质．【分析】根据三角函数的周期性可得=4π，由此解方程解得a的值．【解答】解：∵函数f（x）=sin（2ax+）的最小正周期为4π，∴=4π，解得a=，故答案为．【点评】本题主要考查三角函数的周期性和求法，属于中档题．2．（4分）等比数列{a n}（n∈N*）中，若，，则a12=64．【考点】88：等比数列的通项公式．【专题】54：等差数列与等比数列．【分析】设出等比数列的公比，由由，列式求出公比，然后直接代入等比数列的通项公式求a12的值．【解答】解：设等比数列的公比为q，由，，得，解得q=2．所以，．故答案为64．【点评】本题考查了等比数列的通项公式，考查了学生的计算能力，是基础的计算题．3．（4分）求和：=4n﹣1．（n∈N*）【考点】DA：二项式定理．【专题】11：计算题．【分析】把所给的式子变形为+﹣1，再利用二项式定理可得结果．【解答】解：∵=+﹣1=（1+3）n﹣1=4n﹣1，故答案为4n﹣1．【点评】本题主要考查二项式定理的应用，把所给的式子变形后利用二项式定理，是解题的关键，属于中档题．4．（4分）两条直线l1：3x﹣4y+9=0和l2：5x+12y﹣3=0的夹角大小为．【考点】IV：两直线的夹角与到角问题．【专题】5B：直线与圆．【分析】先求出两条直线的斜率，再利用两条直线的夹角公式求出两条直线的夹角的正切值，即可求得两条直线的夹角．【解答】解：设两条直线l1：3x﹣4y+9=0的斜率为k，l2：5x+12y﹣3=0的斜率为k′，这两条直线的夹角为θ，0≤θ≤，则k=，k′=﹣．由两条直线的夹角公式可得tanθ=||=，∴θ=arctan，故答案为arctan．【点评】本题主要考查两条直线的夹角公式的应用，反正切函数的应用，属于中档题．5．（4分）设x，y满足条件则点（x，y）构成的平面区域面积等于2．【考点】7B：二元一次不等式（组）与平面区域．【专题】59：不等式的解法及应用．【分析】画出约束条件表示的可行域，然后求出可行域的面积即可．【解答】解：因为实数x、y满足约束条件，所以它表示的可行域为一个边长这的正方形，则其围成的平面区域的面积为：=2；故答案为：2．【点评】本题考查线性规划，可行域不是的图形的面积的求法，正确画出可行域是解题的关键，考查计算能力、作图能力．6．（4分）设x，y满足约束条件则使得目标函数z=6x+5y的值最大的点（x，y）是（2，3）．【考点】7C：简单线性规划．【专题】16：压轴题．【分析】本题考查的知识点是线性规划，处理的思路为：根据已知的约束条件画出满足约束条件的可行域，再用角点法，求出目标函数的最大值．【解答】解：约束条件对应的平面区域如下图示：由图可知，当目标函数z=6x+5y对应的直线经过点（2，3）时，目标函数z=6x+5y有最大值，故答案为：（2，3）．【点评】用图解法解决线性规划问题时，分析题目的已知条件，找出约束条件和目标函数是关键，可先将题目中的量分类、列出表格，理清头绪，然后列出不等式组（方程组）寻求约束条件，并就题目所述找出目标函数．然后将可行域各角点的值一一代入，最后比较，即可得到目标函数的最优解．7．（4分）已知圆C过双曲线﹣=1的一个顶点和一个焦点，且圆心在此双曲线上，则圆心到双曲线中心的距离是．【考点】KC：双曲线的性质．【专题】11：计算题．【分析】由双曲线的几何性质易知圆C过双曲线同一支上的顶点和焦点，所以圆C的圆心的横坐标为4．故圆心坐标为（4，±）．由此可求出它到双曲线中心的距离．【解答】解：由双曲线的几何性质易知圆C过双曲线同一支上的顶点和焦点，所以圆C的圆心的横坐标为4．故圆心坐标为（4，±）．∴它到中心（0，0）的距离为d==．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查双曲线的性质和应用，解题时注意圆的性质的应用．8．（4分）某旅游团要从8个风景点中选两个风景点作为当天上午的游览地，在甲和乙两个风景点中至少需选一个，不考虑游览顺序，共有13种游览选择．【考点】D9：排列、组合及简单计数问题．【专题】11：计算题．【分析】从8个风景点中选两个风景点共有种方法，从中排除甲和乙两个风景点都不选的种方法，即可得答案．【解答】解：从8个风景点中选两个风景点共有=28种方法，若甲和乙两个风景点都不选，共有=15种方法，故甲和乙两个风景点中至少需选一个的方法共有=28﹣15=13种，故答案为：13【点评】本题考查排列组合及简单的计数原理，间接考虑是解决问题的关键，属中档题．9．（4分）已知a＜0，关于x的不等式ax2﹣2（a+1）x+4＞0的解集是．【考点】73：一元二次不等式及其应用．【专题】59：不等式的解法及应用．【分析】把给出的二次不等式因式分解，求出其对应二次方程得两个根，然后根据a＜0可得不等式ax2﹣2（a+1）x+4＞0的解集．【解答】解：由ax2﹣2（a+1）x+4＞0，得（x﹣2）（ax﹣2）＞0，因为a＜0，所以，所以不等式ax2﹣2（a+1）x+4＞0的解集是．故答案为．【点评】本题考查了一元二次不等式的解法，解答的关键是明确二次不等式对应二次方程的两个根的大小及对应二次函数图象的开口方向，是基础题．10．（4分）已知α、β为锐角，且，则tanαtanβ=1．【考点】GP：两角和与差的三角函数．【专题】56：三角函数的求值．【分析】由条件利用两角和的正切公式求得tan（）==1，可得=，即α+β=，由此求得tanαtanβ的值．【解答】解：∵已知α、β为锐角，且，则1+tan+tan+tan•tan=2，化简可得，tan+tan=1﹣tan•tan，∴tan（）==1，∴=，∴α+β=，即α与β互为余角，故有tanαtanβ=1，故答案为1．【点评】本题主要考查两角和的正切公式，互余的两个角正切值间的关系，属于中档题．11．（4分）数列{a n}的前n项和为（n∈N*），对任意正整数n，数列{b n}的项都满足等式，则b n=．【考点】81：数列的概念及简单表示法．【专题】55：点列、递归数列与数学归纳法．【分析】根据数列{a n}的前n项和S n，表示出数列{a n}的前n﹣1项和S n﹣1，两式相减即可求出此数列的通项公式，然后把n=1代入也满足，故此数列为等差数列，求出的a n即为通项公式，即可求出b n即为通项公式．【解答】解：当n=1时，S1=2×12=2，当n≥2时，a n=S n﹣S n﹣1=2n2﹣2（n﹣1）2=4n﹣2，又n=1时，a1=2，满足通项公式，∴此数列为等差数列，其通项公式为a n=4n﹣2，又数列{b n}的项都满足等式，则b n==，即．故答案为：．【点评】此题考查了等差数列的通项公式，灵活运用a n=S n﹣S n﹣1求出数列的通项公式是解本题的关键．12．（4分）机器人“海宝”在某圆形区域表演“按指令行走”．如图所示，“海宝”从圆心O出发，先沿北偏西arcsin方向行走13米至点A处，再沿正南方向行走14米至点B处，最后沿正东方向行走至点C处，点B、C都在圆O上．则在以圆心O为坐标原点，正东方向为x轴正方向，正北方向为y轴正方向的直角坐标系中圆O的方程为x2+y2=225．【考点】J1：圆的标准方程．【专题】5B：直线与圆．【分析】如图所示：由题意可得sinθ=，OA=13，利用直角三角形中的边角关系求得cos∠AOD、OD、AD 的值，可得BD 的值，再求得OB2=OD2+BD2的值，即可得到圆O的方程．【解答】解：如图所示：设OA与正北方向的夹角为θ，则由题意可得sinθ=，OA=13，∴cos∠AOD=sinθ=，OD=OA•cos∠AOD=13×=12，AD=OA•sin∠AOD=13×=5，∴BD=14﹣AD=9，∴OB2=OD2+BD2=144+81=225，故圆O的方程为x2+y2=225，故答案为x2+y2=225．【点评】本题主要考查直角三角形中的边角关系，求圆的标准方程，体现了数形结合的数学思想，属于中档题．13．（4分）设P是函数y=x+（x＞0）的图象上任意一点，过点P分别向直线y=x和y轴作垂线，垂足分别为A、B，则的值是﹣1．【考点】9O：平面向量数量积的性质及其运算．【专题】5A：平面向量及应用．【分析】设P（x0，）（x0＞0），可得|PA|，|PB|，由O、A、P、B四点共圆，可得∠APB=，由数量积定义可求．【解答】解：设P（x0，）（x0＞0），则点P到直线y=x和y轴的距离分别为|PA|==，|PB|=x0．∵O、A、P、B四点共圆，所以∠APB=π﹣∠AOB=∴==﹣1故答案为：﹣1【点评】本题考查平面向量数量积的运算，涉及点到直线的距离公式和四点共圆的性质，属中档题．14．（4分）设复数z=（a+cosθ）+（2a﹣sinθ）i（i为虚数单位），若对任意实数θ，|z|≤2，则实数a的取值范围为．【考点】A8：复数的模．【专题】11：计算题．【分析】首先利用复数莫得公式求模，然后利用三角函数进行化简，由|z|≤2得到不等式，然后根据a的符号把该不等式分类转化为不含三角函数的不等式，求解后对a取并集即可得到答案．【解答】解：由z=（a+cosθ）+（2a﹣sinθ）i，所以===（tanα=2）．因为|z|≤2，所以．若a=0，此式显然成立，若a＞0，由，得，解得．若a＜0，由，得，解得．所以对任意实数θ，满足|z|≤2的实数a的取值范围为．故答案为．【点评】本题考查了复数模的求法，考查了数学转化思想方法和分类讨论的数学思想方法，是中档题．二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，填上正确的答案，选对得5分，否则一律得零分.15．（5分）某地区的绿化面积每年平均比上一年增长10.4%，经过x年，绿化面积与原绿化面积之比为y，则y=f（x）的图象大致为（）A．B．C．D．【考点】3A：函数的图象与图象的变换．【专题】51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】依题意，可得到绿化面积与原绿化面积之比的解析式，利用函数的性质即可得到答案．【解答】解：设某地区起始年的绿化面积为a，∵该地区的绿化面积每年平均比上一年增长10.4%，∴经过x年，绿化面积g（x）=a（1+10.4%）x，∵绿化面积与原绿化面积之比为y，则y=f（x）==（1+10.4%）x=1.104x，∵y=1.104x为底数大于1的指数函数，故可排除A，当x=0时，y=1，可排除B、C；故选：D．【点评】本题考查函数的图象，着重考查指数函数的性质，考查理解与识图能力，属于中档题．16．（5分）若复数z1z2≠0，则z1z2=|z1z2|是成立的（）A．充要条件B．既不充分又不必要条件C．充分不必要条件D．必要不充分条件【考点】29：充分条件、必要条件、充要条件．【专题】11：计算题．【分析】本题考查复数的基本概念．首先由复数z1z2≠0成立，得出z1，z2是非零复数，再考察z1z2=|z1z2|与的关系进行根据充要条件的定义即可得出结果，选出正确答案．【解答】解：z1，z2都是复数，复数z1z2≠0成立，则z1，z2是非零复数，此时当时，表明两复数z1，z2是一对共轭复数，故z1z2=，|z1z2|=，能得出z1z2=|z1z2|成立；反之，若z1z2=|z1z2|成立，则z1z2是正实数，故不一定得出．故可得出z1z2=|z1z2|是成立的必要不充分条件．考察四个选项，D选项正确故选：D．【点评】本题以复数为背景考查充分条件与必要条件的判断，理解充分条件与必要条件的定义及熟练掌握复数的基本概念是解本题的关键，本题是基本概念考查题，考查理解能力及对复数的理解．17．（5分）函数f（x）=（x∈[1，3]）的值域为（）A．[2，3]B．[2，5]C．D．【考点】3E：函数单调性的性质与判断；7F：基本不等式及其应用．【专题】51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】变形可得函数f（x）==x+﹣2，x∈[1，3]，利用导数可得函数f（x）在[1，2]上单调递减，在[2，3]上单调递增，可得函数的最值，进而可得答案．【解答】解：变形可得函数f（x）==x+﹣2，x∈[1，3]，求导数可得f′（x）=1﹣，令1﹣＞0，可得x＞2，故可得函数f（x）在[1，2]上单调递减，在[2，3]上单调递增，故函数（x）的最小值为f（2）=2，最大值为f（1）或f（3）中的一个，可得f（1）=3，f（3）=，故最大值为f（1）=3，故函原数的值域为[2，3]故选：A．【点评】本题考查函数的单调性，涉及导数法解决函数的单调性和最值，属中档题．18．（5分）已知向量和满足条件：且．若对于任意实数t，恒有，则在、、、这四个向量中，一定具有垂直关系的两个向量是（）A．与B．与C．与D．与【考点】9T：数量积判断两个平面向量的垂直关系．【专题】5A：平面向量及应用．【分析】把已知不等式平方可得对于任意实数t，不等式（t+1）≥2恒成立，故有=0，即•（）=0，可得与一定垂直，从而得出结论．【解答】解：把已知不等式平方可得a2﹣2t+t2•≥+﹣2，化简可得（t2﹣1）≥2（t﹣1），即（t+1）≥2．由题意可得，对于任意实数t，（t+1）≥2恒成立，故有=0，即•（）=0，∴与一定垂直，故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查两个向量的数量积公式，求向量的模，两个向量垂直的条件，属于中档题．三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19．（14分）已知数列{a n}的递推公式为（1）令b n=a n﹣n，求证：数列{b n}为等比数列；（2）求数列{a n}的前n项和．【考点】87：等比数列的性质；8E：数列的求和；8H：数列递推式．【专题】54：等差数列与等比数列．【分析】（1）利用数列递推式，可得，利用等比数列的定义，可得结论；（2）确定数列的通项，利用分组求和，可求数列{a n}的前n项和．【解答】（1）证明：由题意，b n=a n﹣n=3a n﹣1﹣2n+3﹣n=3a n﹣1﹣3n+3=3（a n﹣1﹣（n﹣1））=3b n，n≥2﹣1又b1=a1﹣1=1，所以b n≠0（n∈N*），所以，数列{b n}是以1为首项3为公比的等比数列．（6分）（2）解：由（1）知，，a n=b n+n（8分）所以数列{a n}的前n项和S n=（b1+b2+…+b n）+（1+2+…+n）=（14分）【点评】本题考查数列递推式，考查等比数列的判定与通项，考查分组求和，考查学生的计算能力，确定数列的通项是关键．20．（14分）已知a，b，c分别为△ABC三个内角A、B、C所对的边长，且acosB ﹣bcosA=c．（1）求：的值；（2）若A=60°，c=5，求a、b．【考点】GL：三角函数中的恒等变换应用；HP：正弦定理．【专题】58：解三角形．【分析】（1）△ABC中，由条件利用正弦定理可得．又sinC=sin（A+B）=sinAcosB+cosAsinB，可得，由此可得的值．（2）由A=60°可得sin60°、cos60°、tan60°的值，再由（1）可得，进而可得sinB、cosB的值．利用诱导公式求得sinC的值，再利用正弦定理求得a、b．【解答】解：（1）△ABC中，由条件利用正弦定理，可得．（2分）又sinC=sin（A+B）=sinAcosB+cosAsinB，所以，，（5分）可得．（7分）（2）若A=60°，则，，，再由（1）可得，进而可得，．（10分）故，由正弦定理得，．（14分）【点评】本题主要考查三角函数的恒等变换及化简求值，正弦定理的应用，属于中档题．21．（14分）某仓库为了保持库内的湿度和温度，四周墙上均装有如图所示的自动通风设施．该设施的下部ABCD是正方形，其中AB=2米；上部CDG是等边三角形，固定点E为AB的中点．△EMN是由电脑控制其形状变化的三角通风窗（阴影部分均不通风），MN是可以沿设施边框上下滑动且始终保持和AB平行的伸缩横杆．（1）设MN与AB之间的距离为x米，试将△EMN的面积S（平方米）表示成关于x的函数；（2）求△EMN的面积S（平方米）的最大值．【考点】5C：根据实际问题选择函数类型．【专题】51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】（1）分类求出MN在矩形区域、三角形区域滑动时，△EMN的面积，可得分段函数；（2）分类求出△EMN的面积的最值，比较其大小，即可得到最值．【解答】解：（1）①如图1所示，当MN在正方形区域滑动，即0＜x≤2时，△EMN的面积S==x；（2分）②如图2所示，当MN在三角形区域滑动，即2＜x＜时，连接EG，交CD于点F，交MN于点H，∵E为AB中点，∴F为CD中点，GF⊥CD，且FG=．又∵MN∥CD，∴△MNG∽△DCG．∴，即．（5分）故△EMN的面积S==；（7分）综合可得：（8分）说明：讨论的分段点x=2写在下半段也可．（2）①当MN在正方形区域滑动时，S=x，所以有0＜S≤2；（10分）②当MN在三角形区域滑动时，S=．因而，当（米），S在上递减，无最大值，0＜S＜2．所以当x=2时，S有最大值，最大值为2平方米．（14分）【点评】本题考查函数模型的建立，考查函数的最值，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，确定分段函数是关键．22．（16分）已知椭圆的两个焦点为F1（﹣c，0）、F2（c，0），c2是a2与b2的等差中项，其中a、b、c都是正数，过点A（0，﹣b）和B（a，0）的直线与原点的距离为．（1）求椭圆的方程；（2）过点A作直线交椭圆于另一点M，求|AM|长度的最大值；（3）已知定点E（﹣1，0），直线y=kx+t与椭圆交于C、D相异两点．证明：对任意的t＞0，都存在实数k，使得以线段CD为直径的圆过E点．【考点】K4：椭圆的性质；KH：直线与圆锥曲线的综合．【专题】5E：圆锥曲线中的最值与范围问题．【分析】（1）利用c2是a2与b2的等差中项，可得，设出直线方程，利用直线与原点的距离为，建立等式，求出几何量，即可求椭圆的方程；（2）设M的坐标，表示出|AM|2，即可求|AM|长度的最大值；（3）直线方程代入椭圆方程，利用韦达定理及以CD为直径的圆过E点，结合向量知识，即可得到结论．【解答】（1）解：在椭圆中，由已知得（1分）过点A（0，﹣b）和B（a，0）的直线方程为，即bx﹣ay﹣ab=0，该直线与原点的距离为，由点到直线的距离公式得：（3分）解得：a2=3，b2=1，所以椭圆方程为（4分）（2）解：设M（x，y），则x2=3（1﹣y2），|AM|2=x2+（y+1）2=﹣2y2+2y+4，其中﹣1≤y≤1（16分）当时，|AM|2取得最大值，所以|AM|长度的最大值为（9分）（3）证明：将y=kx+t代入椭圆方程，得（1+3k2）x2+6ktx+3t2﹣3=0，由直线与椭圆有两个交点，所以△=（6kt）2﹣12（1+3k2）（t2﹣1）＞0，解得（11分）设C（x1，y1）、D（x2，y2），则，，因为以CD为直径的圆过E点，所以，即（x1+1）（x2+1）+y1y2=0，（13分）而y1y2=（kx1+t）（kx2+t）=，所以，解得（14分）如果对任意的t＞0都成立，则存在k，使得以线段CD为直径的圆过E点．，即．所以，对任意的t＞0，都存在k，使得以线段CD为直径的圆过E点．（16分）【点评】本题考查椭圆的标准方程，考查直线与椭圆的位置关系，考查韦达定理的运用，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，属于中档题．23．（16分）已知f（x）=，当点M（x，y）在y=f（x）的图象上运动时，点N（x﹣2，ny）在函数y=g n（x）的图象上运动（n∈N*）．（1）求y=g n（x）的表达式；（2）若方程g1（x）=g2（x﹣2+a）有实根，求实数a的取值范围；（3）设，函数F（x）=H1（x）+g1（x）（0＜a≤x≤b）的值域为，求实数a，b的值．【考点】4T：对数函数图象与性质的综合应用．【专题】51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】（1）根据点M（x，y）在y=f（x）的图象上运动可得y=log2x，点N（x ﹣2，ny）函数y=g n（x）的图象上运动可得g n（x﹣2）=ny故g n（x﹣2）=nlog2x （x＞0）再用x+2代x即可求出y=g n（x）的表达式．（2）由（1）可得要使关于x的方程g1（x）=g2（x﹣2+a）有实根，a∈R，可得：（x+2）2=x+a在x＞﹣2有实根即a=（x+2）2﹣x在x＞﹣2有实根即只需求出（x+2）2﹣x在x＞﹣2的范围即为a的范围．（3）由（1）可得F（x）=+log（x+2）（x＞﹣2）再根据）和log （x+2）的单调性得出F（x）的单调性，从而可求出F（x）在[a．b]的值域再利用值域为可列出等式求出a，b的值．【解答】解：（1）由，得，所以，（x＞﹣2）．（4分）（2），即（x+2＞0）（6分），令，所以，当时，．即实数a的取值范围是（10分）（3）因为，所以．F（x）在（﹣2，+∞）上是减函数．（12分）所以即，所以（16分）【点评】本题主要考查了求函数的解析式以及求利用函数的单调性求函数的值域．解题的关键是首先要利用点M点N所满足的关系式求出y=g n（x）的表达式（这种方法也叫相关点法求函数的解析式）然后作为桥梁再求解第二问，而对于第二问要求a的范围常采用将a解出来转化为球已知函数的值域问题．第三问是在第一问的基础上求出F（x）然后利用其单调性求其值域．因此第一问为下面两问做了铺垫股第一问的正确解答就显得尤为重要了！。
2013 上海各县区一模试卷分类汇编——十选九 无答案
Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. essentialB. endangeredC. goingD.performanceE. crisesF. supposedG. consequenceH. materialI. exposedJ. involvesAs the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the 41 from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is 42 for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as often 43 to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 44and ill health.The amount of stress a person can stand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime 45 for managerial responsibilities; others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When 46 to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more primitive (远古的) days the choices made the difference between life or death. The 47 we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it 48 the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes 49 . Since we can’t remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.A. advanceB. similarC. destructionD. ceaseE. increaseF. definedG. approachesH. miserableI. populatedJ. shiftsPeople rarely feel as helpless as they do when attacked by the threat of severe storms. There is nothing that can prevent a hurricane (飓风) or tornado from causing destruction if it reaches a 41 area. History offers numerous examples of storms that have destroyed large numbers of homes and killed many people. But today things are not as 42 as they were in the past. By studying the conditions that cause storms, weather forecasters are better able to predict them and give people in their paths the warning needed in 43 to keep away from tragedy.A storm is 44 as a sudden, extreme change in the normal conditions of Earth’s atmosphere. Examples include a large flood of moisture(湿气) or a sharp increase in wind speed. These types of 45 are generally caused by a dramatic change in air pressure. In fact, air pressure often affects weather more than anyother factors.Hurricanes are somewhat 46 to tornadoes because both produce atmospheric vortices. Vortices are cone-shaped depression(低气压) of high-speed winds that can cause a large lot of 47 if they touch the ground. When a storm 48 shore, it brings not only fierce winds but also large amounts of ocean water. Storms require moisture to exist, so they quickly 49 over land. As the storm dies, it creates large thunderclouds that can cause heavy rain, thunder, lightning, and flooding. Tornadoes can also form from the breakup of storms and are often one of their most dangerous consequences.A. complicatedB. seldomC. aimedD. dangerousE. changeF. relativeG. simpleH. qualityI.inexperiencedJ. ignoreThere are more than almost two million cars on the streets of Shanghai. That’s not a big number _41_ to the city’s population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic is a big problem here. And many people would argue that it’s not the number of cars on the road, but the _42_ of the drivers that is the main cause of concern.According to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _43_ than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _44_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights without stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _45_ drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations _46_ at making it more difficult for people to get a driver’s license, but that is only a partial solution to Shanghai’s traffic problems. What is really needed is a _47_ in drivers’ attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others. You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _48_ pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _49_ weapon. Drivers will have to realize that before Shanghai’s streets can become truly safe.A. inappropriateB. questionC. inexperiencedD. changesE. trendsF. job-relatedG. assessH.dissatisfactionI.professionJ. occursNursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teaching, __41__ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physician’s order is __42__ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to __43__that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the __44__. The emotional and physical stress, however, which __45__ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career __46__. It is sometimes required that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except __47__ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand __48__ in our medical system. But if __49__ continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.A. energeticB. tryingC. establishedD. releasedE. originatedF. consumeG. enjoyingH. fashionableI. produceJ. discoveredSome people cannot imagine starting the day without a cup of coffee. From the most __41__ cafes of Paris to the breakfast stands lining the streets of Taipei, coffee has firmly __42__ itself as one of the world’s favourite beverages. For such a well-loved drink, however, few people are aware of its curious origins.As a legend goes, coffee berries were first __43__ in 850 by an Ethiopian goat herder who noticed his goats were much livelier after having eaten the red berries of a local bush. After __44__ the berries himself, the goat herder felt much more __45__ than usual. The news about the wonderful berry was __46__ quickly, and soon monks were looking on it as an elixir（仙丹妙药）and eating it to help stay awake during evening prayers.Although coffee __47__ on the plateaus of Ethiopia, it was the Arabs who first cultivated it around 1100. They were also the first people to roast it and boil it. By 1475, people in Constantinople were __48__ a cup of coffee in the world’s firstcoffee shop. Coffee spread to Europe around 1600 and to the New World seven years later.These days, it seems you can get a cup of coffee just about everywhere you go. Every year, coffee lovers __49__ more than 400 billion cups of coffee and make it one of the world’s biggest commodities—second only to oil.A. basedB. scheduleC. individualD. determinedE. achievingF. ambitiousG. successH. studyingI. marvelJ. smarterThe Secret of SuccessThe secret of success is that there is no secret. Some people succeed because they are just __41__ than other people. Some people succeed because they just work harder than other people. And some people succeed because they are just plain lucky.Ma Donghan is a student at Tsinghua University who is __42__ to be successful and she’s not going to leave it to luck.Ma is obviously smart because she’s a student at the best university in China, but her plan for success is __43__ on the old fashion value of hard work. You can see that by the weekly schedule she’s set up for herself which was recently posted online.Every hour of every day is accounted for. There is her classroom __44__, of course, but then blocks of time are set aside for __45__ each subject and also for a few activities like playing sports. There are no hours set aside for just relaxing and there are only five hours allotted (分配) each night for sleeping. She has set a very __46__, almost punishing schedule for herself, but it seems to be working.Other students __47__ at Ma’s diligence and discipline but doubt that they could achieve the same level of success. Perhaps not, but Ma is obviously a unique and special __48__. She has set high goals, made a plan to achieve those goals, and worked hard to keep to her plan. This is what other students can learn from Ma.In school, as in life, __49__ is never guaranteed and not everyone will find him or herself at the top of the pyramid. The important thing to remember is that having a plan and working hard to stay with the plan will bring you a level of success that just being smart and lucky cannot.A. matchesB. accurateC. emotionsD. informsE. difficultiesF. interestedG. promisesH. applicationsI. negativeJ. monitorsGoing on a date can be a fearful experience for most ofus. But now a pair of “social X-Ray” glasses 41 to tellyou exactly what the other person is thinking—and whenyou should stop talking.The glasses have a camera the size of a grain of ricewhich is put into the glasses’ frame and connected with awire to a small computer which can be attached to the user’s body. The camera __42 the other person’s facial expressions and 43 them up with 24 known features which convey 44 . How long and how often 24 “feature points” appear on the subject’s face are then analyzed by software developed by a team of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). This data is then compared with a bank of expressions and the computer tells the wearer through an earpiece(耳机) and lights on the glasses what their date is thinking. In a traffic light-style system, a red light means 45 , yellow means they are a little 46 and green means your date is happy.The glasses are currently under development by researchers at MIT’s Media Lab. They say that wearing them during a conversation with another person is like having an “extra sense”.The glasses were developed for people suffering from autism(自闭症) who have genuine 47__ interacting with others, but now the team behind it has seen wider 48 .So far the glasses are still a work in progress and have been 49 just 64 percent of the time, a figure which is expected to improve with further tests.A. majorityB. involvingC. associationD. visibleE. wearingF. distractionG. attentivelyH. fatalI. specificallyJ. neededPeople who wear headphones might want to throw them away while walking outside. A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims’ average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possible 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺）and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,”referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing what’s going on in the environment, they point out, could be moreimportant than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesn’t show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to see which groups of people may be most at risk.A. losingB. influenceC. originalD. identifiedE. futureF. regularlyG. attractedH. convincingI. carefullyJ. processSome people are happy to believe in ESP (超感官知觉) while others are firm disbelievers.Parapsychologists (灵学专家), who lend a certain seriousness to the subject, have 41 four types of ESP: One type called clairvoyance describes the act of being able to obtain knowledge of a person or event without the use of the normal senses; Another type, telepathy, is the 42 by which a person is able to read another person’s thoughts without the use of any of the normal senses; Still another type, psychogenesis, is the ability to43 a physical object just by thinking about it; The last type, precognition, is the term applied when somebody is able to foresee44 events.Over the years there have been many ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called " Extra-Sensory Perception" in which he claimed to have overwhelming（压倒的）evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to repeat his results exactly in the same way, which has resulted in the book45 much of its original reliability.The Granzfield experiments are considered to have been the most 46 examined ESP experiments. The experimenters had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a "sender" attempted to transmit messages. Later the experimenters would compare the messages received to the 47 messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time but the research failed to produce 48 results.Human beings are 49 to the supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate human beings. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain, “The truth is out there!"A. speciesB.concernedC.extensionD. barelyE.incrediblyF. monitoredG.introducedH. survivalI. seriouslyJ.extinctionThey may be so small that they can crawl along the edge of a coin, but the endangered status of the Partula gibba snails means soon they may not be visible at all.The critically endangered snail, which is __41__ bigger than a pin head at birth, is facing __42__ after a failed farming experiment almost wiped out its number in its native Pacific islands. When the predatory (食肉的）rosy wolf-snail from Florida was __43__ to the islands in 1974 in an attempt to control land snail numbers, it instead fed on tree snails, including the tiny Partula gibba ones.Now British conservationists are battling to save the tiny creature. Marwell Zoo in Hampshire, England is home to 123 of the world's remaining 306 Partula gibba snails.This year, the zoo will release some of the snails into reserves on the Pacific islands. The snails will then be closely __44__ until they are released into the wild to look after themselves.Snail keeper Geoff Read at Marwell Zoo is deeply __45__ about the fate of the snails. "i'm looking at a(n) __46__ dying in front of me and to think these snails could become extinct in my lifetime is __47__ sad," he said."I know they are only snails, and i hate to say that, BUT because they are not cute (可爱的）and fluffy (毛茸茸的)，people do not seem to care. These animals are rare." added the keeper, who called for responsibility to be taken "very __48__. ”But there seems to be some good news. The International Partula Conservation programme has plans to reintroduce the snails into the wild, so there could be hope for the future. "There home there is like a bio-security room and the environment is key to their __49__ ."A. desperationB. authoritiesC. diligentlyD. confusionE. enrolledF. violentlyG. financialH. conclusionI. devotedJ. graduationSeventeen years ago, when I was in military college, I was known as “the worrying wreck from Virginia Tech”. I worried so _____41_____ th at I often became ill. In _____42_____, I poured out my troubles to Professor Baird, professor of business administration. The fifteen minutes that I spent with Professor Baird did more for my health and happiness than all the rest of the four years I spen t in college. “Jim,” he said, “you ought to sit down and face the facts. If you _____43_____ half as much time and energy to solving your problems as you do to worrying about them, you wouldn’t have any worries. ”I figured that I had failed physics because I had no interest in the subject. But now I changed my attitude. I said to myself, “If the college _____44_____ demand that I pass my physics examination before I obtain a degree, who am I to question their wisdom?”So I ______45____ for physics again. This time I passed because instead of wasting my time in worrying about how hard it was, I studied _____46_____.I solved my _____47_____ worries by taking on some additional jobs, such as selling punch at the college dances, and by borrowing money from my father, which I paid back soon after ____48______.As I look back at it now, I can see that my problem was one of _____49_____, a lack of willingness to find the causes of my worry and face them realistically.A. emphasizeB.misunderstandingC.reflectD. referredE. privacyF. attachedG. occurringH.opposeI.civilizationJ. concerningThe most difficult part of a Western-Chinese marriage is thecultural differences. Thetraditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek 41 . Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore42 also on relationshipsand marriage.From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship 43 many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point of view, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerner s’marriages44 more the independence and45 of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relati ons”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still 46 to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not 47 it.It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in48 . Young Asian ladies are fond of western men becausethey believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. Western men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine.My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in other’s shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her different culture and carefully commenting on it and so on.There are more and more cross-culture marriages 49 recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys.A.considerationB. originallyC. involvementD. finalizedE. sponsoredF. increaseG. balancedH.representI. proceedJ. includedThe Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for a novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland and it aims to___(41)___ the very best in contemporary fiction. The prize was ___(42)___ called the Booker-McConnell Prize, which was the name of the company that ___(43)___ it, though it was better-known as simply the ‘Booker Prize’. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping ‘Booker’.Publishers can submit（提交） books for ___(44)___ for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted they think should be ___(45)___. Firstly, the Advisory Committee give advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize and selects the people who will judge the books. The judging panel（评审团）changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is ___(46)___ in terms of gender and professions within the industry, so that a writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been ___(47)___, they are left to make their own decisions without any further ___(48)___ orinterference from the prize sponsor.The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics to maintainthe consistent（始终如一的） quality of the prize and its influence is such that the winner will almost certainly see the sales ___(49)___ considerably, in addition to the £50,000 that comes with the prize.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.consequentlyB. divorcedC. servingD. imaginaryE. hitF. evilG. secretH. gainedI. honoursJ. inspiredThe popularity of the fantasy novels Harry Potter and the great success of the Potter movie series have aroused Potter fans’ craze about the author—Joanne Kathleen Rowling.Rowling started writing after graduating with ___41___. Nonetheless, this was not supposed to be her main job, as she was already working as a secretary. She found her job rather boring and was frequently absent-minded, as she was always taking notes for sudden ideas for future stories. She was fired ___42___ and went from one job to another.Finally, A trip by train ___43___her to produce a story about a young wizard(巫师) born with responsibilities to fight ___44___ forces. Unfortunately, her idea could not be developed due to her mother’s sudden death. Shocked and depressed, Rowling left Britain. When she returned, she was already a ___45___ single mother with a little daughter. In spite of all the frustrations in life, she managed to put her ___46___ story to the print. Harry Potter was published and became a(n) ___47___ in no time. The Potter books have ___48___ worldwide applause, won multiple awards, and have been the basis for a popular series of films, in which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts(脚本) and maintained creative control at the same time by ___49___ as a producer in the films. It is through Harry Potter that Rowling has led a "rags to riches" reality show, where she progressed from living on social security to multi-millionaire status.A. generousB. statisticsC. buildingD. chanceE. additionF. contributeG. annoyingH. currentI. furtherJ. structureAttracting donations is a chief concern for nonprofit organizations and projects. An effective, professional donation-request letter is a necessary tool for fund-raising. Researching possible donors and 41 a database of names and organizations is one key to success, but the ability to write a donation-request letter has an even greater impact on successful fund-raising. The following are some tips/instructions.Research potential donors via the Internet. Research small companies in 42 to large foundations. Sometimes a small local company will assist you in reaching your goal. A simple appeal to a public-spirited local firm may inspire a surprisingly 43 donation.Find the appropriate contact person. Address your letter to a real person who is in a position to entitle a donation. Beginning your letter with “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Country Market” stands little 44 of attracting the attention of the right staff member.And then, 45 the letter properly. Begin your letter with a vivid and readable description of your organization’s work, and highlight a recent success story. Continue with a few general 46 to impress the contact person with your organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Next, describe in full the 47 project or effort for which a donation is needed and who will benefit. Include all contact information, including telephone, fax and email, and end by inviting the person to contact you if any 48 information is needed. Finally, hand on the letter to colleagues for proofreading and suggestions.Keep careful records of donations and send thank-you letters. Donors often are willing to 49 again if they are shown how their contribution was put to use. Follow-up letters can assist in this effort.A. includedB. promisingC. achievementsD. provedE. transferF. outstandingG. signH. appearancesI. scoringJ. referredRonaldo Luiz Nazario de Lima1 was born on 22 September 1976in a poor suburb of Rio de Janeiro. Like most of his childhoodfriends, Ronaldo began his soccer career playing barefoot in thestreets of his neighborhood. At the age of 14, he joined SaintCristov soccer club and only two years later became the star ofCruzeiro Belo Horizonte __41__ a total of 58 goals in 60 matchesand earning himself a reputation for his explosive pace and __42__finishing skills. His goal-scoring record and unusual quickness led him to be __43__ in the Brazilian World Cup winning team the following year. After the World Cup, many top European football clubs were trying to __44__ him. Many people, including Brazilian football legend Pelé, considered him as the most __45__ footballer of his generation.Since his __46__ to Dutch team PSV Eindhoven, Ronaldo’s biography is one of su ccess after success. Two Copa América’s, a UEFA Cup, a Dutch Cup, a Spanish League Cup, and two awards as best player in the world, all in the space of two years, are some of Ronaldo’s impressive __47__. On arrival to Inter-Milan in 1997, Ronaldo became th e idol of the local fans who refer to him as “il Fenomeno(奇才).”Since the 98 World Cup he has suffered two serious knee injuries that have severely limited his __48__. Just when people began to wonder whether Ronaldo would be able to continue with his football career, he __49__ to the world that he still could play. In the World Cup held in Korea and Japan, the magical striker won the Golden Shoe award and tied Pele’s Brazilian record for career World Cup goals with 12. He helped Brazil capture its fifth World Cup championship on June 30 with a 2-0 win over Germany. It was the third time that Ronaldo had ever played in the World Cup.。
高考数学一模考试2013学年静安一模(理)
静安区2013学年高三年级第一学期期末数学理试卷（试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟） 2014.1一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．已知集合{}01|),(=-+=y x y x A ，{}1|),(2-==x y y x B ，则=B A I .2．已知1312cos -=α ，),2(ππα∈，则)4tan(απ+的值是 . 3．当0>x 时，函数xa y )8(-=的值恒大于1，则实数a 的取值范围是 .4．关于未知数的实系数一元二次方程02=+-c bx x 的一个根是i 31+（其中i 为虚数单位），写出一个 一元二次方程为 .5．某班有38人，现需要随机抽取5人参加一次问卷调查，抽到甲同学而未抽到乙同学的可能抽取情况 有 种. （结果用数值表示） 6．不等式12|3|-<-x x 的解集是 .7．若2)21(6b a +=+（其中a 、b 为有理数），则=+b a .8．已知方程12cos 2sin =+θθ，则当),(ππθ-∈时，用列举法表示方程的解的集合是 . 9．如图平面内有三个向量、、，其中与的夹角为120°，与的夹角为30°， 2==OB OA 34=OC ，若OC =λ+μ(R ∈μλ,)，则μλ+的值为 . 10．设某抛物线mx y =2的准线与直线1=x 之间的距离为3，则该抛物线的方程为 . 11．已知a x =-)4cos(π，且40π<<x ，则)4cos(2cos x x +π的值用a 表示为 .12．已知椭圆142:22=+y x C 的上、下焦点分别为1F 、2F ，过椭圆C 上一点)2,1(P 作倾斜角互补的 两条直线PA 、PB ，分别交椭圆C 于A 、B 两点.则直线AB 的斜率为 . 13．若圆6)()(:22=-+-b y a x M 与圆5)1()1(:22=+++y x N 的两个交点始终为 圆5)1()1(:22=+++y x N 的直径两个端点，则动点),(b a M 的轨迹方程为 . 14．已知不等式b x x a ≤+-≤43432的解集为[]b a ,，则=b ，且b a +的值为 .二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案．考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分．15．“21=m ”是“直线013)2(=+++my x m 与直线03)2()2(=-++-y m x m 互相垂直”的( ) A ．充要条件； B ．充分不必要条件；C ．必要不充分条件；D ．既不充分也不必要条件.16．已知命题α：如果3<x ，那么5<x ；命题β：如果3≥x ，那么5≥x ；命题γ：如果5≥x ， 那么3≥x .关于这三个命题之间的关系，下列三种说法正确的是( )① 命题α是命题β的否命题，且命题γ是命题β的逆命题. ② 命题α是命题β的逆命题，且命题γ是命题β的否命题. ③ 命题β是命题α的否命题，且命题γ是命题α的逆否命题. A ．①③； B ．②； C ．②③ D ．①②③17．已知函数x x x f 4)(2+-=，]5,[m x ∈的值域是]4,5[-，则实数m 的取值范围是( )A ．)1,(--∞；B ．]2,1(-；C ．]2,1[-；D ．)5,2[.18．已知函数)(x f 是定义在实数集R 上的以2为周期的偶函数，当10≤≤x 时，2)(x x f =.若直线a x y +=与函数)(x f y =的图像在]2,0[内恰有两个不同的公共点，则实数a 的值是( )A ．41-或21-； B ．0； C ．0或21-； D ．0或41-.三、解答题（本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19．(本题满分12分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分5分.《九章算术》是我国古代数学成就的杰出代表. 其中《方田》章给出计算弧田面积所用的经验公式为：弧田面积=21（弦⨯矢+矢2）.弧田（如图），由圆弧和其所对弦所围成，公式中“弦”指圆弧所对弦长， “矢”等于半径长与圆心到弦的距离之差.按照上述经验公式计算所得弧田面积与其实际面积之间存在误差.现有圆心角为32π，弦长等于9米的弧田.（1）计算弧田的实际面积；（2）按照《九章算术》中弧田面积的经验公式计算所得结果与（1）中计算的弧田实际面积相差多少 平方米？（结果保留两位小数）20．(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分. （1）设x 、y 是不全为零的实数，试比较222y x +与xy x +2的大小；（2）设c b a ,,为正数，且1222=++c b a ，求证：3)(2111333222≥++-++abc c b a cb a .21．(本题满分14分) 本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分. 已知双曲线222a y x =-（其中0>a ）.（1）若定点)0,4(A 到双曲线上的点的最近距离为5，求a 的值；（2）若过双曲线的左焦点1F ，作倾斜角为α的直线l 交双曲线于M 、N 两点，其中)43,4(ππα∈，2F 是双曲线的右焦点. 求△MN F 2的面积S .22．(本题满分16分) 本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分.设无穷数列{}n a 的首项11=a ，前n 项和为n S （*N n ∈），且点),(1n n S S -，)2,(*≥∈n N n在直线033)32(=+-+t ty x t 上（t 为与n 无关的正实数）． （1）求证：数列{}n a （*N n ∈）为等比数列；（2）记数列{}n a 的公比为)(t f ，数列{}n b 满足11=b ，)1(1-=n n b f b ，)2,(*≥∈n N n ， 设122212+--=n n n n n b b b b c ，求数列{}n c 的前项和n T ；（3）若（1）中无穷等比数列{}n a （*N n ∈）的各项和存在，记......)(21++++=n a a a t S ，求函数)(t S 的值域.23．(本题满分18分) 本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分5分，第3小题满分9分.已知函数11log )(+-=x x x f a（其中0>a 且1≠a ），)(x g 是)(x f 的反函数. （1）已知关于x 的方程)()7)(1(log x f x x ma=-+在区间]6,2[上有实数解，求实数m 的取值范围；（2）当10<<a 时，讨论函数)(x f 的奇偶性和增减性； （3）设pa +=11，其中1≥p . 记)(n g b n =，数列{}n b 的前n 项的和为n T （*N n ∈）， 求证：4+<<n T n n .2013学年第一学期静安理科数学试卷解答与评分标准2014、11．{})0,1(),3,2(-； 2．177； 3．9>a 4．01022=+-x x ； 5．58905436=C ； 6．),34(+∞；7．169； 8．⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧-4,0,43ππ； 9．12=+μλ； 10．x y 82=或x y 162-= 11．a 2； 12．2； 13．1)1()1(22=+++b a ； 14．4=b ，4=+b a ； 15．B 16．A ． 17．C 18．D 19．解：(1) 扇形半径33=r ，……………………… 2分 扇形面积等于ππα9)33(32212122=⨯⨯=r ……………………… 5分 弧田面积等于4327932sin 212122-=-ππαr r （m 2）……………………… 7分 （2）圆心到弦的距离等于r 21，所以矢长为r 21.按照上述弧田面积经验公式计算得 21（弦⨯矢+矢2）=)213(427)4272339(21+=+⨯.………………………10分 52.15166.1827432743279≈=---π平方米……………………… 12分 按照弧田面积经验公式计算结果比实际少52.1平米. 20.（1）解法1：222222243)2()(2y y x xy y x xy x y x +-=-+=+-+………………3分 因为x 、y 是不全为零的实数，所以043)2(22>+-y y x ，即xy x y x +>+2222…………… 6分 解法2：当0<xy 时， 22222y x x xy x +<<+；……………………… 2分 当0>xy 时，作差：02)(222222>=-≥-+=+-+xy xy xy xy y x xy x y x ； 因为x 、y 是不全为零的实数，所以当0=xy 时，xy x y x +>+2222。
上海市静安区2013届高三上学期期末教学质量调研政治试题
静安区2012学年第一学期教学质量检测高三年级思想政治试卷（考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分）2013年1月考生注意:1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔清楚填写姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。
交卷时需交答题纸，试卷不用上交。
4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。
每题只能选一个选项。
）1、近年来，我国各地政府部门在干部选拔任用中，积极探索运用“网上述职”、“暗访式考察”等考核方法，充分吸收群众意见。
这使得公民在政治生活中有了更多合法渠道参与A．民主选举 B．民主监督 C．民主管理 D．民主决策2、某市人大代表2012年工作总结部分内容有：联名向市人大提交“加强我市食品安全问题应对措施”议案；联名对市政府财政预算中的采购项目提出质疑并要求答复；对市教育委员会基础教育改革工作提出了意见和建议。
根据其内容，可以看出A．人大代表有依法行政的义务B．人大代表有权监督政府的工作C．该代表有权提出意见并直接处理问题D．该代表行使了审议权3、针对我国淡水资源尤为短缺这一问题，56位全国政协委员联名提出《关于恳请国家制定扶持海水淡化产业发展政策的建议》等多份提案。
在政协委员推动下，国家制定了《加快海水淡化产业发展的意见》和《“十二五”海水淡化产业发展规划》。
政协委员这一做法属于A．依照宪法和法律参加行使国家权力B．代表人民的意志和利益行使质询权C．参与国家政策、法规的制定D．围绕团结和民主两大主题进行民主监督4、为了加快民族地区教育事业发展，上海市根据国家要求，认真开展对民族地区的教育对口支援工作。
落实教育对口支援工作A．是实现民族平等和民族团结的政治保证B．是我国解决民族问题的基本政策C．是贯彻我国处理民族关系原则的具体体现D．实现了平等团结共同繁荣的社会主义民族关系5、钓鱼岛自古以来就是中国的领土，但日本政府无视历史事实，一再制造事端，企图侵占黄岩岛，中国政府对此作出了强烈反应。
上海市静安区2013届高三上学期期末教学质量调研英语试题.pdf
静安区2012学年高三年级第一学期教学质量检测英语试卷(本卷满分150分；完卷时间120分钟） 第I卷（共105分） I. Listening Comprehension Section AA.An art museum.B. A beautiful park.C.A college campus.D. An exhibition.2.A.At 10:30.B. At 10:25.C.At 10:40.D. At 10:45.3.A.in a street. B. in arestaurant.C.in a hotel. D. in a cinema.4.A.Robert Wilson isn't at home at this moment.B.Robert Wilson is engaged in the game on-lineC.Robert Wilson' phone is broken.D.Robert Wilson is busy now.5.A.He should smoke less.B.He should give up smoking.C.He should go to see his doctor.D.He should take some medicine.6.A.By bus. B. By car.C.By plane. D. By train.7.A.The price for rent is beyond their reach.B.The neighborhood is too far away.C.They don't need a new apartment.D.He hopes that they can rent it as soon as possible.8.A.Chicken is tasty.B.Roast beei is tasty.C.Not very satisfactory.D.Very satisfactory.9.A.Colleagues.B.Husband and wife.C.Employer and employee.D.Mother and son.10.A.The man should change his plan.B.The man can go camping tomorrow.C.Weather forecasts are not available.D.The man won't have to go camping.Directions: in Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To keep the food they have. B. To spend more than they can manage.C. To finish the food as quickly as they can.D. To make the food delicious. 12. A. At each corner. B. In its proper place.C. On the roads.D. In the streets. 13. A. Pay more attention to the food. B. Get rid of bad food completely.C. Make the city more pleasant.D. Reduce the food we eat greatly. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. She wrote repeatedly to medical colleges. B. She asked for help from a famous doctor. C. She tried to get the support from the student only. D. She talked to the dean of the college again and again. 15. A. He was happy to have Elizabeth studying in this college. B. He was supported by a famous doctor. C. He turned down Elizabeth's application. D. He expected the student body to refuse Elizabeth's application. 16. A. Her application was quickly accepted by a medical college. B. She was the world's first female student of a medical college. C. She was disappointed with the decision of the students' general meeting. D. Her application was ignored by the student body. Section C Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. When does Jack ask Sue to go with him to the charity fair?This __17__ afternoon.Who are the organizers?They are high-school __18__For whom do they collect money?For the Hope __19__Where will they meet?At the school __20__ . Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. When did the man see the woman standing in a line at registration?__21__.What did the woman sign up for?__22__ course.How long does the woman take the televised lessons?She should take __23__ series of televised lessons.What is the major advantage of this course, according to the man?It allows more 24 in students' schedule. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. Children are ranged ________ order of their performance in the last test.A. byB. fromC. throughD. in 26. He fell into the couch and turned on the TV, unaware of ________ being a snake lying near his feet.A. itB. thereC. thatD. one 27. Planning a balanced diet ________ trying new and different kinds of foods.A. to involveB. involveC. involvingD. involves 28. Beer bottles can be recycled but they need cleaning thoroughly, ________ they?A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn'tD. don't 29. Often, when he ________ something useful, he wasted his time playing computer games.A. should be doingB. must have doneC. should have been doingD. shall be doing 30. They're finding it difficult to maintain ________.A. such high interest ratesB. so high interest ratesC. such interest rates highD. interest rates such high 31. I thought we agreed to talk to each other ________ making any major decisions.A. beforeB. thoughC. sinceD. unless 32. Any spare cash he referred to ________ to more worthy causes.A. has donatedB. having donatedC. has been donatedD. have been donated 33. Before closing the door to his office, he told his secretary that he was ________.A. to not disturbB. not to disturbC. to not be disturbed D, not to be disturbed 34. I was halfway back to hospital where the doctor was working ________ Susan caught up with me.A. whileB. untilC. whenD. though 35. She began to cook the meal, briefly wondering ________ her own household was coping without her.A. whatB. howC. whichD. that 36. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordingB. to be recordedC. having recordedD. recorded 37. I kept getting mysterious phone calls _______ the caller would hang up as soon as I answered.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. whether 38. ________ any sign of their daughter's school,A. Seeing notB. Not seeing 39. ________ that Mr. Thomson got rare fish? A. When and where it was C. When and where was it the anxious couple turned to a policeman for help.C. Not to have seenD. Having not seen B. When and where were it D. Was it when and where 40. As a leader, he never says no to ________ all his group members thinkis right.A. whatB. asC. whichD. that Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. campaignB. notedC. focusD. carefulE. releasedF. fallG. trendH. deadI. majorJ. extended WASHINGTON (Reuters) — The U.S. unemployment rate probably rose in October as employers stepped up hiring only slightly, underscoring President Barack Obama’s vulnerability in next week’s presidential election. Employers likely added 125,000 jobs to their payrolls last month, according to a Reuters survey of economists. That would be up from 114,000 in September, but would 41 short of what is needed to quickly cut the jobless rate. Indeed, economists expect the unemployment rate — a key 42 in the neck-and-neck race for the White House ——to tick up by a tenth of a percentage point to 7.9 percent, reversing part of a surprise drop seen in September. The Labor Department's closely watched report, which will be 43 at 8:30 a.m. (12:30 GMT) on Friday, will be the last 44 report card on the economy before Tuesday's presidential election, which pits (使竞争）President Obama against Republican Mitt Romney. If economists are right, it will show the eighth straight month of dull job growth, a worrisome 45 that would likely reinforce the Federal Reserve's resolve to keep easy money policies in place until the economy shows more vigor. "The weakness in overall economic growth momentum has 46 into the last quarter of the year," said Millan Mulraine, an economist at TD Securities in New York. Romney has made the nation's feeble jobs market, which has caused Obama a lot of trouble since he took office in 2009, the centerpiece of his 47 . The last Reuters/Ipsos daily tracking poll showed Obama and Romney in a 48 heat. Still, the report could provide fodder for both candidates. Some economists have 49 an increase in the jobless rate might have a silver lining if it is driven by Americans pouring into the labor market to restart job hunts. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Although one might not think so from some of the criticism of it, advertising is essential to the kind of society in which people in the United Kingdom, and a very __50__ proportion of the world at large, live. Advertising is necessary as a __51__ of communicating with others, of telling them about the goods and services that are offered, and of which most of them would never __52__ to hear at all if it were not for advertising. And advertising helps a great deal to promote a __53__ standard of living. In talking about advertising, one should not think only __54__ a commercial on television, or an advertisement in the newspapers or periodicals. In its widest __55__ , advertising includes a host of other __56__ such as packaging, shop displays and — in the sense of communication — even the spoken word of the salesman. __57__ , the roots of advertising are to be found in the market place. For many years it was thought that it was enough to __58__ goods and supply services, h is only more __59__ that it has become increasingly understood that the production of goods is a waste of resources __60__ those goods can be sold at a fair price within a __61__ time span. In the competitive society in which we live, it is essential that we go out and sell what we have to offer, and advertising plays an important role in this respect, whether selling at home or in __62__ markets. Approximately 2 percent of the UK gross national product is spent on advertising. But it must not bethought that this advertising tries to sell goods to consumers who do not want them. Of course, advertising does try to attract the interest of the __63__ consumer, but if the articles when __64__ does not match up to the standards that the advertising suggests that it will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that the article will sell well.50.A.enjoyableB.considerableC.agreeableD.knowledgeable51.A.dataB.proportionC.meansD.messages52.A.getB.pu tC.findD.avoid53.A.demandingB.raisingC.creatingD.rising54.A.in honor ofB.in case ofC.in terms ofD.in favor of55.A.senseB.sureC.levelD.extent56.A.conferencesB.activitiesC.mattersD.actions57.A.Of allB.And allC.Among allD.Afterall58.A.protestB.programC.processD.produce59.A.quicklyB.immediatelyC.recentlyD.totally60.A.unlessB.thoug hC.untilD.when61.A. fortableC.reasonableD.available62.A.countryB.importC.jobsD.export63.A. financialB.potentialC.essentialD.social64.A.presentedB.purchasedC.respondedD.respected Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Days 1-3: UK — Shanghai Fly to great city of Shanghai and in the evening sample traditional Shanghai food. Visit the beautiful YU Garden, Old Town. Shanghai Museum, cross the Great Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. Also explore Xintiandi with its 1920's style Shikumen buildings and end your stay in Shanghai with an amazing Huangpu River evening tour. Days 4-7: Shanghai — Yangtze River Tour Fly to Yichang and change (approx: on hour) to board your Yangtze River ship for the next four nights. Enjoy a tour of the three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝)before sailing on the grand Yangtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges. We take a side trip to the lesser Three Gorges or travel up the Shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way. Day 8: Chongqing — Chengdu Get off in Chongqing and drive to Chengdu for an overnight stay. Days 9-10: Chengdu — Xi'an Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals. We then fly to the historic city of Xi'an for two nights stay and enjoy traditional Shuijiao. Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20th century ——the Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑),followed by the ancient City Wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing. Days 11-13: Xi'an — Beijing Visit little wild Goose Pagoda and see the ancient objects at the well-known Shaanxi provincial museum before walking through the lively Muslim Quarter to see the Great Mosque. Later fly to Beijingfor three nights' stay and try Peking Duck. During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden City, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China, and visit the Summer Palace. Next day we take a walk on the Great Wall, tour the unique Temple of Heaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrobatic Show. Day 14: Beijing — UK Fly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories. 65. The underlined word sample in the passage probably means ________.A. buyB. reserveC. tasteD. make 66. The first and last scenic spots they visited in Xi'an are ________. A. the Terracotta Warriors and the Great Mosque B. the Terracotta Warriors and Shanghai Provincial Museum C. little wild Goose Pagoda and Great Mosque D. little wild Goose Pagoda and the Muslim Quarter 67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad. ? A. The tourists will have to pay extra for fuel and meals. B. The tourists will visit the 1920's Shikumen buildings in Beijing. C. The tourists will take a side trip to the Three Gorges Dam during the tour. D. The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK. 68. The ad. is mainly intended to ________. A. encourage the British to travel in China B. attract the British to traditional Chinese food C. offer service of booking air tickets to tourists D. provide the British with a better understanding of Shanghai (B) There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual 一 the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level. 69. According to the passage, the average I.Q. is ________.A. 85B. 100C. 110D. 125 70. This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q. ________. ? A. can be predicted at birth ? B. is inherited from his parents C. stays the same throughout his life ? D. can be increased by education 71. This selection can best be titled_________. ? A. Measuring Your Intelligence ? B. Intelligence and Environment ? C. The Case of Peter and Mark ? D. How the brain Influences Intelligence (C) At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don't act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo (禁忌的) behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now withthe publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are morewilling to talk about this taboo subject. One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It's not taboo to talk about fat; it's taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy,self-discipline, and self-respect. In an image-conscious society like the U.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”. It's not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for America's obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people's bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising every day. From the passage we can infer taboo is. a strong desire to do something strange or terrible a crime committed on impulse committed behavior considered unacceptable in society's eyes an unfavorable impression left on other people Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude being fat. will always remain a taboo is not considered a taboo by most people has long been a taboo may no longer be a taboo some day In the U.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”, this means. thin is “inside”, fat is “outside” thin is “devoted”, fat is “lazy” thin is “youthful”, fat is “spiritless” thin is “fashionable”, fat is “unfashionable” 75. The main reason the passage gives for why so many Americans are exercising regularly is________. their changed life-style their eagerness to stay thin and youthful their appreciation of the importance of exercise the encouragement they have received from their companies Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. Fathers are easier to satisfy on their special date. B. Greeting cards are the most popular gifts for Dads. C. People traced the origin oi Father's Day. D. Fathers have higher expectations for their special date. E. New neckties are popular presents on Father's Day. F. People tend to spend more on Mother's Day than on Father's Day. 76. On Father's Day 2009, which falls on Sunday, June 21, millions of dads across the US will open boxes, peel back tissue paper, and break into a smile as they admire their new necktie 一 still among the most popular Father's Day gifts. 77. That smile is almost certainly genuine, according to psychology lecturer Nicole Gilbert Cote at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. Her research shows that even though dads get less attention on father's day than moms do on Mother's Day, dads are more likely to be satisfied on their special date. Part of the reason seems to be that moms expect to be relieved of stereotypical chores such as cooking and cleaning up on Mother's Day, but that doesn't always happen. Dads didn't have that role in the family. “The bar is low, and dad is OK with that,” Gilbert Cote said, adding that the way families —even those that espouse egalitarian ideal — celebrate the two holidays reinforces such stereotypes. 78. Fathers' low expectation means that shoppers spend less money on them than they do on moms, according to the National Retail Federation, a Washington, D.C.-based trade group. The stumbling global economy, however, does mean shoppers are cutting back. In 2008, Father's Day cost individual consumers $94.54, and Mother's Day cost $138.36. But this year, the retail group experts gift givers to spend an average of US$90, on Father's Day. For moms, shoppers shelled out “dad an average of US$123.89. “Dadis a little more laid-back and easier to shop for,” said federation spokesperson Kathy Grannis. “His gifts usually range from a simple tie for work to a new spatula for the grill, all of which can make dad very happy.” Mother's Day gifts tend to be more luxurious — jewels, flowers, a trip to the spa, and dinner at a restaurant, for example. 79. The most popular gift for Dads — and often the only one he'll got — is a greeting card. All told, an estimated 110 million cards are sent on Father's Day, according to the greeting card company Hallmark. This makes Father's Day the fourth largest card ——sending holiday in the US, behind Mother's Day (162 million), Valentine's Day (192 million), and Christmas (2.1 billion). Fifty percent of Father's Day cards are purchased for dads and another 20 percent for husbands. The remaining 30 percent fall into a broad “other” category, according to Deidre Mize, a Hallmark spokesperson. “It might be someone who served as a father role. Or it could be a stepdad,” she said. The Father's Day card business, according to the retail federation, will ring up about $780 million this year. 80. Despite all the cards given on father's day, hallmark didn't invent the holiday, Mize said. Rather, father's day traced its origins to Spokane, Washington, where Sonora Smart-Dodd was one of six children being raised by a single dad. Inspired by a mother's day sermon she heard at church, she wanted to honor her father. So, she encouraged local churches to institute the first father's day observance in 1909. The idea caught on, and hallmark started printing father's day cards in 1920s, Mize said. In 1972, us president Richard Nixon formally declared father's day as the third Sunday in June. Section D Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep. Somewhere around puberty, something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward, so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later. This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud (提不起精神的状态) when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn. But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes. Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see. But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because________________________________________. 82. Children before puberty tend to __________________________________than adolescents. 83. The author wants to tell the reader that_____________________________________. 84. What did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system? 第II卷（共45分） I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. （access) 据说医疗不能代替均衡饮食。
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Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
In giving advice, you must learn to understand the person's level of judgment. There will be some people
who come to you with unconnected knowledge, talking about, say, Vitamin B12 and other modern 41 .
When they ask advice, begin at that level. Unless you start at their own level, they will not be able to understand.
You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat, and how they need to 42 it.
You have to train yourself to be very 43 . Staying at one level is not being a free man. If we stay at a
very high level all the time, that is not practical. A limitless person goes 44 from one level of thinking to
another, according to his circumstances. To do this we must get rid of our unwillingness to change our way of
thinking or behavior, become friends with everyone, and have the same loving feelings for everyone. Then we
can give advice to all kinds of people. If there is someone or something you dislike, you are still 45 , and
your ability to give advice is reduced. For anyone, the same. A free person acts like that.
You cannot stay with a sick person all the time. You must 46 a person’s freedom as much as you can.
If people really want to die, let them—it is their freedom. The point is never to become an authority 47 ;
remain a friend or advisor. People should not come back 48 for conclusion; if they do, your advice has
been incomplete—you did not know how to give the 49 advice about freedom. If they do not understand
that, sick people become slaves; they are still afraid inside, and are 50 . This is no way to build a healthy
world and help people become happy and free.
Keys: 41-45 HAEJD 46-50 GKBFC
文章分析：
本篇文章节选自美国作家Michio Kushi 的Your Face Never Lies: An Introduction to Oriental Diagnosis一书，本段主要针对giving advice进行分析，作者在首段提出：（医生）为顾客（病人）提供建议时，需要先了解对方的理解能力，并且按照对方的理解水平来进行沟通和建议；第二段强调谈话沟通中的灵活性，避免固守成规；在第三段中，作者提出要为顾客（病人）提供充足的自由，最终才能够创建一个健康快乐的氛围。
错题分析：
42. 根据前文You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat一句可知病人不清楚他们所食用的食物的效果，所以医生有必要提醒病人进行改正，故选change。
45. 本段强调医生需要灵活变通，所以要挣脱禁锢，但是如果遇到自己不喜欢的人或事，可能还是会有所限时，故填limited。
47.figure用作名词：数字；人物；身材；图形；价格；（人的）体形；画像；用作动词：计算；认为；描绘；象征；此处figure表示人物的意思。
50. 根据前文sick people become slaves和they are still afraid inside可知这些病人其实是不独立的，希望依赖他人的，故选dependent。