2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解(35)

2015届高考英语二轮专题训练：阅读理解（35）AHave you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs？We all use them，often without noticing what we’re doing.I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week，and I said “I’ll_pencil_it_in_my_diary”，and my friend said “You must ink it in”，meaning that it was a firm arrangement!Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology.An obvious example is the word “fax”．We all got used to sending and receiving faxes，and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we’d fax it immediately.Then along came emails，and we were soon all emailing each other madly.How did we do without it？I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.Also，my computer and its software have produced another couple of new verbs.On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I’ll want to look at again.And I can do the same thing on my PC，but there I don’t bookmark；I favorite—coming from “favorite pages”，so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun this time.Now my children bought me a mobile phone，known simply as a mobile and I have to learn yet more new verbs.I can message someone，that is，I can leave a message for them on their phone.Or I can text them，write a few words suggesting，when and where to meet，for example.How long will it be before I can mobile them，that is，phone them using my mobile？I haven’t heard that verb yet，but I’m sure I will soon.Perhaps I’ll start using it myself!4.“I’ll pencil it in my diary” in the second paragraph probably means________. A．it was a firm arrangementB．it was an uncertain arrangementC．the arrangement is written as a diaryD．he prefers a pencil to a pen5．A website address can be easily found if it has been________for the author. A．emailed B．messagedC．favorited D．texted6．Which of the following has not been used as a verb，yet?A．message B．pencilC．email D．mobile7．The best title for this passage is“________”．A．New Verbs from NounsB．New Technology and New wordsC．The English LanguageD．Technology and LanguageBRobots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machines-robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.All-purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It’s been five or 10 years from happening for about 50 years,” says Eric Berger, co–director of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors–laser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the next decade.The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 (for “Personal Robot 2”), a two–armed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay in–house, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances. This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter (推特网站), you won’t start by constructing a computer. “you build the thing that’s new.”31．The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in .A．battle fields B．operation roomC．people’s houses D．wild fields32．The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that .A．can move about in changing environments and work with their hands B．can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensorsC．has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasksD．has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback 33．According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building all-purpose robots if ___________ .A．everyone is designing robots and the software to control themB．they can produce 25 copies of its model PR2C．people can enlarge the capabilities of a single machineD．people can start by constructing a computer34．Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 so as to _________ .A．design robots and the software to control themB．change the way of new robot construction researchC．open doors and go to outside research groupsD．go through the room and stay in-house35．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．To build all-purpose robots is an absolutely new movement under way.B．Building all-purpose robots was delayed because of its complexity.C．The idea to build all-purpose robots appeared about 50 years ago.D．Everyone will share their advances for they are all-purpose robots.CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly projectfor over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,”he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudyDOnly three local students won Chinese Blog（博客） Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards want to students from China.170 students’ task: to get a fully-designed blog up and running, complete with many posting based on a theme of choice—all written in Chinese.Themes ranged from local opinions－such as the usage of Singlish, education and whether Singapore can be a cultural centre－to food blogs.The entries were judged on Language proficiency（熟练程度）and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of exchanging ideas with readers. Academics from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges.In the end, only three Singaporean students made it to the award list—the rest of the awards were swept up by students from China.“No surprise.” said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37 , teachers in charge from IanovaJunior Collage, which organized the event. “Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better in terms of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese language.”One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger Christina Gao 19, from the Saint Andrew’s Junior Collage, who spared no effort in researching for and writing her blog. Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pictures and even podcasts （播客）Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible“Some bloggers out there only seek to blame the authorities and other bloggers.” Said Miss Gao. “I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts.”56. The competition was organized byA. the National University of SingaporeB. Chinese newspaper Lianhe ZaobaoC. Innova Junior CollegeD. the Saint Andrew’s Junior College57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chinese students won most of the awards.B. Not all the themes were about local subjectsC. The blogs could be written in Chinese or Singlish.D. The judges were from university in Singapore and China.58. What Miss Gao said suggests thatA. she likes to blame the authoritiesB. she has a sense of responsibilityC. she thinks highly of the others’ blogsD. she loves to read valuable posts59. The passage in mainly aboutA. how Chinese students won the awards in the competitionB. why bloggers should take responsibility for their blogsC. how Miss Gao won the first prize in the competitionD. what the result of the competition wasDA 语篇解读：英语中有许多词汇涉及词性的活用，本文就介绍了人们在生活中经常将“名词动词化”这一现象。