2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破
2018年高考英语二轮复习 专题06 阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题(讲)(含解析)
专题6 阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题【构建知识体系】2015-2017年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计2015-2017年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计32016-2017年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计5【考纲解读】【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向1.【2017·全国I】DA build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only c omponents required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down wit h a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still eve ry time you need a drink.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.D. The cup.C. The hole.近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
专题05 阅读理解之猜测词义-2018年高考英语二轮核心考
主标题：专题 2 阅读理解之猜测词义关键词：阅读理解,猜测词义,上下文推理,语境难度系数：✱✱✱✱推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳：根据上下文推断生词的词义正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。
但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。
能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。
这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。
考点1 猜测词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3 猜测指代题考点4 猜测句意题基础必读：高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。
A．词义猜测主要的设题方式有：（1）The underlined words "took off " in paragraph 2 mean "_____".（2）What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to?（3）The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that_______.（4）Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word "exotic" in the third paragraph? （5）The underlined phrase " turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably mean _______.（6）By saying " We need them yesterday "(paragraph 7), Stover means that snakelike robots _______. B．词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜测、语法猜词和常识猜词。
2018年高考英语考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破(十三)
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解析 答案
2.One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to . A.try out a variety of diet foods B.hesitate before they enjoy diet foods C.pay attention to their own eating habits
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically.On one level，we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight，but in controlling the consumption of fatty，high-calorie， unhealthy foods.Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale (秤) instead.All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.
On the other hand，even e-tailers like Amazon have experimented with pop-up shopping concepts.It is important to bear in mind that consumers prefer face-to-face interactions instead of online interactions during shopping，meaning that physical stores are going to stay there.
2018高考英语(通用)二轮训练：阅读理解(词义猜测)含答案
2018高考英语（通用）二轮训练：阅读理解（词义猜测）含答案阅读理解---词句猜测题词句猜测题常见命题方式：1．The underlined word...in the...paragraph refers to/means “”．2．By saying...in the first paragraph，the author means that . 3．The meaning of...in Paragraph...is related to .4．Which of the following has the closest meaning to...(Paragraph...)? 5．The underlined sentence...in the...paragraph probably means that . 6．Which of the following words can take the place of the word “...”？1．单词或短语意义猜测词汇量小是制约学生阅读理解能力的一个重要因素。
具体技巧如下：(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
(2)根据同位关系进行猜测。
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或短语意义进行猜测。
(3)根据同义关系进行猜测。
当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的或相反的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，进而可推知其大致意思。
(4)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测。
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀或在后面加后缀，从而构成另外一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义了。
(5)根据因果关系进行猜测。
2017_2018学年高考英语大题精做04阅读理解词义猜测题含解析新人
词义猜测题【题型突破】词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句意题。
因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点/态度等。
联系文章主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
近几年命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力。
【命题方式】1.The word/phrase＂…＂in the passage means _________.2.The word/phrase＂…＂can be best replaced by _________.3. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to _________?4.The word/phrase＂…＂probably refers to _________.5.What does the underlined word/phrase＂…＂in the passage mean?词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的上下文语境来判断其意义，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
熟练以下猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
Passage1（2017·新课标卷I，D）A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container — perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground waterevaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. It’s delicate.B. It’s expensive.C. It’s complex. .D. It’s portable.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer t o?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.34. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size.B. Put the cup in place.C. We ight the sheet’s center down.D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from .A. the plastic tubeB. outside the holeC. the open airD. beneath the sheet33.B 【解析】词义猜测题。
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1猜测词义常见设问方式1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’?2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?3.The word “’’ in the contest means _____.4.The term can be best replaced by _____.5.The word “’’ probably refers to ____.6.As used in the line … the word “’’ refers to ______.7.According to the passage, the word “’’ is known as_____.8.The passage use the word “’’ to refer to ____9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’ means____.10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’ means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。
做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。
因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. “We’ve collected foreign coins for years-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds remind us of what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive. Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation” in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
2018年高考英语专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破(七) 含答案
题型突破(七)主旨大意之文章或段落大意题A(2017·南京九中模拟)Perhaps every old generation since ancient times has complained about young people，and today is no different.Isn’t it clear that compared with our glorious selves，kids these days are self-absorbed social network addicts?However，this summer，my impression of today’s kids has been restored by the story of Rachel Beckwith.She could teach my generation a great deal about maturity and unselfishness—even though she’s just 9 years old，or was when she died on July 23.At age 5，Rachel had her long hair shorn off and sent to Locks of Love，which uses hair donations to make artificial hair for children who have lost their own hair because of cancer or other diseases.After that，Rachel announced that she would grow her hair long again and donate it again.And that’s what she did.Then when she was 8 years old，her church began raising money to build wells in Africa through an organization called charity：water.Rachel was astonished when she learned that other children had no clean water，so she skipped her ninth birthday party.Rachel set up a birthday page on the charity：water website with a target of 300.Instead of presents，she asked her friends todonate 9 each to charity：water.Finally Rachel raised only 220—which had left her just a bitdisappointed.Then，on July 20，a serious traffic accident left Rachel critically injured.Church members and friends，seeking some way of showing support，began donating on Rachel’s birthday page—charity w /Rachel—and donations reached her 300 goal，and kept rising.But Rachel couldn’t hear that she had raised beyond the 47,544 that the singer JustinBieber had raised for charity：water on his 17th birthday.“I think Rachel would have been overjoyed for she secretly had a crush on(迷恋……) him，” Rachel’s mom said.When it was clear that Rachel would never regain consciousness，the family decided to remove the life support system.Her parents donated her hair for the final time to Locks of Love，and her organs to other children.Word about Rachel’s last fund-raising spread.Contributions poured in，often in 9 each.Thetotal donations soon topped 100,000，then 300,000.This is a story not just of one girl，but of a young generation of outstanding problem-solvers working creatively.1．When was it that Rachel’s hair was donated for the final time to Locks of Love?A．At her age of 5.B．After her death.C．Right after the traffic accident.D．Before her ninth birthday.答案 B解析细节理解题。
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破.pdf
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1猜测词义常见设问方式1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’？2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?in the contest means _____.3.The word “’’4.The term can be best replaced by _____.probably refers to ____.5.The word “’’refers to ______.6.As used in the line … the word “’’7.According to the passage, the word “’’is known as_____.to refer to ____8.The passage use the word “’’means____.9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。
做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。
因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. “We’ve collected foreign coins foryears-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds remind usof what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive.Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation” in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题解析1
第一编专题一考点4[层级一真题题组]A(2018·北京卷，D)Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world.Well，the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars，and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.California，it should be noted，isn't leading the way panies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country.It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so)，policymakers also should be talking about how self－driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient,affordable mobility options.The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars？Imagine a future where most adults own individual self－driving vehicles.They tolerate long，slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work，entertain themselves or sleep on the ride，which encourages urban spread.They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking.Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning，they send the self－driving minibus.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride－hailing(叫车)services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol－powered private cars worldwide with electric，self－driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation80%and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施)and operations40%by2050.Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride－hailing services，considering the cost of self－driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题)．But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car－controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。
高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜
（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为（江苏专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题的全部内容。
专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解词义猜测类之单词意义猜测题（加★的为单词意义猜测题，本卷限时23分钟）A(2017·南京市四校联考)As seniors in co llege looking forward to life’s next goals — graduation and employment — it is important to have a sense of feeling important。
Every time I look through job listings, there is a small, and sometimes not so small current running through my mind， spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from even applying。
The charges come in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth trying！” or “Laugh out loud and look as if you were a qualified man 。
2018高考英语必考点妙解专题猜测词义
猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。
即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。
如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。
据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。
因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。
任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。
NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。
但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。
此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。
(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。
(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。
【高三英语试题精选】2018年高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧
2018年高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧respected schools tend to have good jobsC poor children with certificates are favoured in job marketsD children attending ordinary schools achieve great success【解析】B。
请看原Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favourtism will replace equality破折号后的句子是对前面进行解释说明的，二者是同位关系，因此要猜测favourtism的意思可从前面句子的意思入手。
答案为B。
3、根据构词法（合成、派生、转化等）进行猜测在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。
例如“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject”中interactive是由前缀inter-(相互的)和active（活动的，活跃的）而构成的，同时根据上下的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。
Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years But the next hundred?possibility 是possible 的同根名词，据此可以判断定possibility 意思是“可能性”。
2018新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意(词义)解题策略(附带问题详解)
2017届新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。
词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。
考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。
在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。
2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________”in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。
备战2018年高考英语 考点一遍过 专题43 阅读理解词义猜测题(含解析)
考点43 阅读理解词义猜测题高考频度：★★★★★历年来高考试题中的生词量有增无减。
《教学大纲》要求学生“读懂生词率不超过3%的传记、故事、记叙文、科普小品文和有关社会文史知识等不同题材的材料。
”在英语阅读训练和测试中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”，这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类：1．旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义；如：Nearby is the Indianapolis race course, where the nation’s most famous car race is h eld each year on May 30th.我们学过 course的意思是“过程，课程”等，在此显然不符句意。
根据上下文 course 是汽车赛举行的地方，可推断 course在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。
2．合成词、转化词与派生词，如shoplifting，heartbroken，computer-literate，decision-thinking，imperfect等；3．“灵活”的常用词增多，这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解；4．“新鲜”的外国人名、地名、专有名称增多，这些词有些带有一定的文化背景5．超纲生词。
有的学生在阅读训练和测试中存在着“生词恐惧心理”，一遇到生词就有读不下去的感觉。
那么阅读理解时遇到大量生词该怎么办? 查词典当然是排除词义障碍的一种方法，当然这只有在平常的阅读训练中才可以使用。
但是，频繁的查阅词典既影响阅读速度，又容易破坏学生阅读的思路和兴趣。
况且，一词多义是英语词汇的主要特点，词典不一定能为学生提供单词在特定的上下文中的具体或确切的含义。
平时的练习中遇到生词不要马上查词典，可以通过一定的方法来猜测理解。
猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面，每年在高考阅读中都有猜测词义的试题。
掌握正确方法快速而又准确地猜测出生词的含义，对提高阅读速度和答题效率相当重要。
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.2018 高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1 猜测词义常见设问方式1. Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’?2.What does the author probably mean by “ ’’?3.The word “ ’’inthe contest means _____.4.The term can be best replaced by _____.5.The word “ ’’probably refers to ____.6.As used in the line ⋯ the word “ ’’refers to ______.7.According to the passage, the word “ ’’isknown as_____.8.The passage use the word “’’torefer to ____9. According to the author, the underlined word “’’means____.10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。
做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。
因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte ’s tale was inspired by the girls ’coin collection. “We’vecollected foreign coins for years-since our families went on holiday toTenerife, ”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas”in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng ’s deedsremind us of what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive. Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but hecould depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation”in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________3.T he elder learn to master the Internet and to overcome what Lansdale callsthe maladies of the institutionalized: loneliness, helplessness, boredom,and lose of memory.4.S ome ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies ( 军用物资 ),while others carried only passengers.5. Scientists grow large quantities of common mould ( 霉菌 )so that they can get penicillin from..it in order to make antibiotics, that is, substances that kill germs.6.M arine biology, the study of oceanic plants and animals and their relation,has furthered the efficient development of fisheries.7.Y et, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such asshoplifter,who always takes away things from the shop without paying for them.【思考归纳】这几道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________8.T om is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisionswithout seeking the opinions of others.From the passage, we can infer that the word “autocratic’’means ______A. friendly to othersB. modest and kindlyC. sticking to one ’s own opinionD. hard-working9. Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary page.jazz: 1. n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and ischaracterized byrhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3. n. slang. Empty talk. 4. adj.of or like jazz; a jazz band, jazz records.What does the word “jazz”mean in the following sentence?Don ’tgive me that jazz, for I am a practical person.A. Rhythmic beats.B. A type of music.C. A kind ofdance. D. Meaninglesstalk.【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________10.“Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. Theymust be carefully cultivated. ”The underlined word “cultivated”(Paragraph 1) roughly means ______.A. encouragedB. comparedC. examinedD. developed11.W ritten language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.According to the author, the underlined word static means ______.A. unchangeableB. inactiveC. respectiveD. widespread12. Unlike the Unite States where many different nationalities make up thepopulation, Japan ’s population is quite homogeneous.【思考归纳】这三道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________ 13.M illions of animals die each year on US roads, the Federal Highwayadministration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill...14. Mansion, church, battle site, theatre and other public halls can be preserved. 【思考归纳】这道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________15. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, ForeignLanguage Teaching in School, of English learning.16. Many United nations employees are polyglots: Mr. Simpson, for example,speaks five languages fluently.【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。