江苏丹阳市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮校本练习及答案

江苏丹阳市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮校本练习及答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

The 400 phone messages said it all. Veterans(老兵) wanted to talk, and Jeff Beers, a military history buff and the son of a retired Navy man, was ready to listen. Beers had volunteered for the Veterans History Project, a program at the Library of Congress dedicated to preserving the oral histories of American’s 19 million veterans. Local newspapers listed Beer’s number, and the response was tremendous. He’s videotaped 52 vets ever since.
“Most of them are shocked that anyone would be interested in their small story,” says Beers, 33, an assistant engineer for the city of Poway, Calif. “They ask, ‘Why now?’ B ut it has to be now, before it’s too late.” The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that 1,847 veterans die each day.
Beers and the other volunteers are collecting the I-was-there detail. One of the most moving came from a World War II POW (prisoner of war): “He had to march 500 miles through the Black Forest in winter. They ate bark soup and slept at local farm.”
The WW II generation comprises(包含) most of the 700 histories gathered since the program began in 2001. But, says director Ellen Lovell, they want to hear from vets of every war. “I interviewed my brother-in-law, an army surgeon in Vietnam,” she says. “He said he shared things with me t hat he’s never told anyone.”
1. What do we know from the text about the veterans?
A. They live a very happy life after the war.
B. They often told their stories to others.
C. They were highly respected by people.
D. They are becoming fewer and fewer in numbers.
答案解析：答案为D。

本题为细节推理题。

由第二段最后一句话“The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs estimates that 1,847 veterans die each d ay.”可知，每天有1847位老兵死去，也就意味着老兵的数目越来越少，故D选项正确。

2. How did the veterans feel when they were interviewed?
A. Happy.
B. Sad.
C. Surprised.
D. Disappointed.
答案解析：答案为C。

本题为细节题。

由第二段首句“Most of them ar e shocked that anyone would be interested in their small story,”可知，老兵对于有人对他们的故事感兴趣感到非常吃惊，故答案为C。

3. What does the underlined word “it” (Paragraph 1) refer to?
A. Veterans wanted to talk.
B. Jeff Beers was ready to listen.
C. The veterans had many stories.
D. There were many phone messages.
答案解析：答案为A。

本题为词义推断题。

由第一段前面的内容“The 400 phone messages said it all. Veterans wanted to talk, and Jeff Beers, a military history buff and the son of a retired Navy man, w as ready to listen.”可知，“it”指代的是紧跟着它后面的内容“Veterans wanted to talk”，故答案为A。

4. What kind of stories is Jeff Beers most interested in?
A. Historical records of World War II.
B. Stories written by newspaper reporters.
C. Stories most talked about by public.
D. Personal experiences of people during different wars.
答案解析：答案为D。

本题为细节推理题。

由倒数第二段“On e of the most moving came from a World War II POW (prisoner of war): ‘He had to march 500 miles through the Black Forest in winter. They ate bark soup and slept at local farm.’”可知，Jeff Beers最感兴趣的是战争期间人们的个人经历，故答案为D。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2014高考英语《考试大纲》调研卷二模试题】
Perhaps you've seen them on the playground, at preschool drop off, or piano lessons.Or even on the small screen, in TV shows like Up All Night. They are: the stay-at-home dads, and lately,it seems,they're everywhere.
The latest research shows that 32 percent of dads regularly care for their children and among those with preschool-age kids, one in five dads is the primary caregiver. In families where moms work, that figure rises to nearly one in three. Stay-at-home dads have become so common that even toy makers are catering to them.
A recent study finds that today's full-time fathers aren't trying to be "Mr Moms"— instead, they're carving out their own unique roles as parents. I spoke with some experienced stay-at-home dads, who agreed that their parenting style tends to be more rough-and-tumble." I do let the kids take more risks on the playground, whereas my wife tends to get nervous that they'll fall and hurt themselves," says Kyle, 38, an artist.
In addition, as there are more and more stay-at-home dads, they are turning to each other for support. They create Meetup groups and holding "Dads' Nights Out". Kyle admits he has noticed a shift recently. "Several years ago, I was checking out at the grocery store with the kids, and the cashier was very curious why I was buying groceries instead of my wife. I told her that I was a full-time dad, and she commented, 'Wow, I have never met one of you before.' Now, my next-door neighbor is a dad who stays at home and we often trade off watching the kids after school."
As for my own husband, although he admits that being a full-time dad is challenging, he is also proud of the strong bond that he has developed with our daughter, which will offer her benefits that last for years. Children with caring, involved dads tend to have higher IQs, more confidence, and do better in school. They are also less likely to experience depression or get into trouble, and have better social skills.
63. Why are toy makers catering to stay-at-home dads?
A. Kids enjoy playing with them.
B. Kids like toys bought by them.
C. They are bread-winner in the family.
D. They influence the choices their kids make.
64. According to Paragraph 3, stay-at-home dads_____.
A. can never replace moms' love
B. can be as good at parenting as moms
C. try to copy moms' parenting style
D. differ from moms in parenting styles
65. What changes has Kyle noticed recently?
A. The founding of Meetup groups.
B. The c hange of people’s attitude towards men.
C. The increase in the number of stay-at-home dads.
D. The development of new communication methods.
66. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The future trend of stay-at-home dads.
B. The benefits of stay-at-home dads for kids.
C. The changes stay-at-home dads experience.
D. The disadvantages stay-at-home dads cause.
【解题导语】随着社会的发展，全职爸爸越来越多。

他们对社会及家庭教育带来了重大影响。

【长难句解读】As for my own husband，although he admits that being a full-time dad is challenging，he is also proud of the strong bond that he has developed with our daughter, which will offer her benefits that last for years.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。

although he admits that being a full-time dad is challenging 是让步状语从句；that he has developed with our daughter 是定语从句，修饰先行词bond;which will offer her benefits that last for years 是非限制性定语从句。

译文:对于我自己的丈夫来说，尽管做一名全职爸爸是个挑战，但是他也对他和女儿形成的密切关系感到自豪，这将会让女儿受益若干年。

63. D【命题意图】考查推理判断
【解题思路】由第二段最后一句” Stay-at-home dads have become so common that even toy makers are catering to them."可知，家庭主男变得非常普遍，他们对儿童选择玩具的影响也随之增大，因而玩具制造商需要迎合家庭主男。

64. D【命题意图】考查细节理解。

【解题思路】由第三段中的"their parenting style tends to be more
rough-and-tumble"及Kyle说的话可知，家庭主男们有着不同于妈妈们的育儿风格。

故D项正确。

65.C【命题意图】考查推理判断。

【解题思路】根据第四段中Kyle的陈述可知，几年前收银员看到他带着孩子买食品杂货很惊讶，说明当时家庭主男很少见;而如今他邻居家的男主人也是家庭主男，他们轮流照看孩子，说明家庭主男增多了。

故选C。

66. B【命题意图】考查段落大意。

【解题思路】通读最后一段的内容可知，本段主要讲述家庭主男在教育孩子上的诸多好处。

社会生活类
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing—they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The econ omic o r financial situation in retirement is very important,”Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS. )
1. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases
like .
2. Westerlu nd’s g roup found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both .
3. The word “improvements”in paragraph 5 refer to .
4. Retirement may make people happier with .
【参考答案】22、【参考答案】
1. heart disease and high blood pressure
2. mentally and physically
3. the decrease of fatigue and depressive symptoms
4. more of a financial safety net
社会生活类
.
As a professor o f business and government policy, I’ve long been interested in the pursuit of happiness as a national concept. According to surveys of thousands of people across the land, happy people are keys to making our nation healthy and strong. Happiness, in other words, is important for America. So when I came across data a couple of years ago saying that certain Americans were living in a manner that contributed to happiness—while others were not—I jumped on it.
I wanted to know which personal lifestyles and public policies would make us the happiest nation possible. I also wanted to know which of my own values, learned during my childhood and practiced during my career as a university professor, were the most concerned with happiness. First, just what is happiness? Most researchers agree that it involves an assessment of the good and bad in our lives. It’s the emotional bala nce sheet we keep that allows us to say honestly whether we’re living a happy life, in spite of bad things now and then.
You might guess that Americans are getting happier all the time. After all, many are getting richer, and this should make them better able and equipped to follow their dreams. On the other hand, there’s a lot of talk about the good old days, when kids could play outside without any worry about being kidnapped. And there’s a great deal of stress in this country right now, due to financial concerns, negative workplace environments, and health problems, among other pressing issues.
But average happiness levels in America have stayed largely constant for many years. In 1972, 30 percent of the population said they were very happy with their lives. In 1982, 31 percent said so, and in 2006, 31 percent said so as well. The percentage saying they were not too happy was generally stopping over at around 13 percent.
The factors that add up to a happy life for most people are not what we typically hear about. However, the key to happiness, and the difference between happy and unhappy Americans, is a life that reflects values and practices like faith, hard work, marriage, charity, and freedom.
1. The author intends to tell readers.
A. why we need to be happy
B. what we should do for the country
C. how the people are getting happier
D. where the Americans like to stay for happiness
2. According to the text, what is happiness?
A. Our values being accepted by society.
B. The balance of our feelings in any situation.
C. The great material wealth we possess.
D. The contributions we have made for society.
3. From the text we can learn that.
A. the American people are far happier than before
B. all the American people can realize their dreams in life
C. American public security used to be better than now
D. people felt more stressed in the past
4. The underlined word in the fourth paragraph means.
A. growing
B. declining
C. unchanged
D. terrible
5. What will be talked about in the next part of the passage?
A. Winning the lottery can make a person happier.
B. Being offered a good job is the reason for happiness.
C. All kinds of reasons for not being happy.
D. Detailing values and practices like faith, hard work.
【参考答案】23.ABCCD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2014高考英语模拟试题】
In many countries there is a fixed charge for personal services. A certain percentage may be added to the bill at a hotel or restaurant for the service. In other places, the customer may be expected to give a tip, or a small amount of money, as a sign of appreciation whenever services are performed. In the United States, there is no consistent (一致的) practice in regard to tipping. The custom is more common in a large city than in a small town.
A native American may often be in doubt about when and how much to tip when he is in a city that is strange to him. In general, however, a tip is expected by the porter who carries your baggage, by taxi drivers (except, perhaps in a small town), and by those serve you in hotels and restaurants.
When you pick up your incoming luggage at an airport, you may tip the man who takes it to the taxi or airport bus. He usually expects 35 cents a bag for his service. In some cities the taxi that takes you to your hotel may have one meter(仪表) that shows the cost of the trip and another that shows the cost of the tip and another that shows a fixed charge, usually about 20 cents, for extra. In some cities the taxi driver may expect a tip in addition to the extra, especially if he carries your suitcase. If no extra is charged, a tip is usually given. Hotels generally do not make a service charge, though there are places where one is added. It is customary, however, to give something to the porter who carries your suitcases and shows you to your room. In case of doubt, 35 cents for each bag he carries is satisfactory. In a restaurant you generally leave about 15 percent of the bill in small change on that table as a tip for the person who has served you. A service charge is generally not included except in some of the larger, more expensive places. If the order is small -- a cup of coffee at a lunch counter, or something of the sort--a tip is not usually expected .
68. According to the passage, the practice of giving tips ________.
A. varies from place to place in the USA
B. is consistent throughout the world
C. is consistent in large towns in the USA
D. is consistent in small towns in the USA
69. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Extra is a fixed charge in some cities.
B. Extra is similar to a tip in some cases.
C. If the extra is paid, one doesn’t tip any more.
D. Some hotels require people to pay a service charge.
70. According to the passage, the amount of money for a tip ________.
A. is the same across restaurants and hotels
B. depends on how much one pays for the service he gets
C. generally varies according to the size of one’s bag in hotel
D. is usually small for a cup of coffee at a lunch counter
71. From the passage we learn that ________.
A. Americans sometimes are not sure how to tip
B. people in large towns know more about tipping
C. one has to tip no matter how big or small the order is
D. people sometimes don’t tip when they are not satisfied
【参考答案】68-71: ACBA。