2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》：harmful
人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义：必修三 Unit+4+Astronomy+The+Science+of+the+Stars.doc
第一部分基础知识必修三Unit 4 Astronomy: The Science of the Stars1．了解宇宙科学、地球生命的起源，了解万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文学知识，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探求科学的热情。
2．了解作者的写作特点，培养创造性思维，开拓广阔的想象空间。
Do hens lay eggs first or eggs give birth to chicks first? Who exist earlier on earth? It's a puzzle of biology. No physicist would cheer up at the problem. Are you interested in astronomy or solar system? Do you believe in the theory of Big Bang? Will violent Big Bang break out? What prevents us from taking in more oxygen? People believing in religion won't believe there is harmful acid in the atmosphere. Unlike them, we know that there are billions of atoms which are fundamental to the globe. Thus, they gather to be masses of living things. They will multiply in time when the climate is suitable. Without gravity, satellite and floating spaceship will crash. Now that we have so many puzzles, we should watch out for the surroundings around us.1. in time 及时；终于2. lay eggs 下蛋3. exist vi. 存在；生存4. give birth to 产生；分娩5. in one's turn 轮到某人；接着6. prevent...from 阻止；制止7. break out 突发；爆发8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防1. 和他们不同的是，我们知道有无数对地球至关重要的原子。
高中英语必修3 Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars-
Pluto
Pluto is so far away that the Sun is just a dim point of light that looks a lot like any other star. It is the smallest and most mysterious planet in our solar system. It has one moon, Charon, that is almost as big as the planet itself.
Jupiter
It has at least sixty-one moons and features the Great Red Spot, which is a huge "storm" that has been observed from here on Earth for over three hundred years. It is the largest planet in our solar system.
▪ draw a conclusion
Skills needed to be a scientist:
▪ accuracy ▪ a logical approach ▪ thorough writing of the experiment so
some on else could redo the experiment from your notes ▪ be able to draw conclusions from the evidence and not impose conclusions on the data
Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。
in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。
注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。
e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。
Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。
(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。
2020版高考一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课件必修3(英语)
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
1．astronomy n． 2．astronomer n. 3．solar adj. 4．billion pron.&n.& adj. 5．carbon n. 6．dissolve vt.& vi. 7．acid n.
天文学 天文学家 太阳的；日光的 〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿 碳 溶解；解散 酸
拉(力)；拖；牵引力 拖；拉 拖；拉；拽 推，推动(力)
3.un-前缀高频形容词全接触
①unlike ②uncertain ③unclear ④uncomfortable ⑤unfair
与……不同；不像 不确定的 不清楚的 不舒服的 不公平的
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
第一组
1. in time 2.prevent ... from 3. now that 4. cheer up 5. lay eggs 6. give birth to
因此；于是
16． puzzle n．
vt.& vi.
17． biology n. 18． biologist n. 19． gravity n. 20．satellite n. 21． gentle adj.
谜；难题 (使)迷惑；(使)为难 生物学 生物学家 万有引力；重力 卫星；人造卫星 温和的；文雅的
adj.无害的
5.exist vi.存在；生存→ existence n．存在；生存 6.puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难 n．谜；难题→ puzzled adj.迷
惑不解的→ puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 7.globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球性的；全世界的
2020届高考英语(全国卷地区)一轮总复习课件：必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
读 赏
2．行文逻辑：介绍UFO→人们的看法→研究状况。
析
3．词汇短语：运用了较高级的词汇和短语)，be regarded as(被认为是……)，
turn out(结果……)，set up(建立，成立)等。
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Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
基
→b_io_lo_g_y ______n．天bio文log学ist 家
础 自
• 2p．hys_ic_is_t_____n．生物p学hysi→cal________n．生
主 梳
物学ph家ysi→cs biological adj.生物学的
理 • 3．ex_is_t ______n．ex物ist理enc学e 家→________adj.物
析 mysteries in the world. The first UFO sighting was reported
to have happened in America in 1878. Since then, numerous
sightings have been reported all over the world, many of
互
对于危害海洋动物健康的噪声的强度和种类，科学家
理 →_______d_iasldikj.e全世界的；全球性的
• 9．m_a_ss______prep.不像；和……m不ass同es →________(反义
• 词)prep. →________v. & n．不喜欢
• 10．________n．质量；团；块；大量
→________ (pl.)群众
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on the earth
2020届高考艺考(艺术生)英语复习课件：必修三Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
第一组
短语识记
1. in one's turn
轮到某人
2． watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防
3． depend on 依靠；取决于
4． break out 突发；爆发
5． block out 挡住(光线)
6． get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
语境活用 1.Do remember to watch out for cars while crossing the street. 2．At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket，which broke out at ten this morning. 3．You've made me suffer in the past，so now you， in your turn ， suffer again! 4．She bought a heavy curtain to block out the light. 5．Sorry，I can't get the hang of the usage of it.
[语境活用] 1．The more violent (violence) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television. 2．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)． 3．The debate between science and religion (religious) continues to be heated. 4．Now that we are all part of the global (globe) village， everyone bacomes a neighbour. 5．To explain the puzzling (puzzle)findings，he offers two theories.
2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》：阅读理解
2020年高考英语复习《必修三Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of thestars》：阅读理解AHow often have you read a story that a friend or family member has sent you？Very likely you would have skipped the news had it not been pointed out to you.Traditionally newspapers and famous TV channels have been our source of authentic news.But these days with the popularity of social media，sharing stories is increasingly becoming a favorite source of news.In fact，research suggests that more than half the people get their news today from social media such as Facebook，Twitter and Google.Social media sites often aggregate contents for us to see based on trending topics—stories that have been viewed by many others as well as based on our own past searches and analysis of our likes and dislikes.If you have liked kittens in the past，you may have noticed that you are seeing more news，blogs and analysis about kittens all of a sudden.While advocates of free speech do not want to control any voice，it is certainly harmful when it is difficult to separate truth from fiction.Imagine the influence of fake(虚假的) news when it begins to affect our own lives.Trusting a piece of news，patients could very easily fall for wrong diagnosis; elders could give money to cheats and reputation of perfectly upright citizens could be easily ruined.What about when we research for a school project and base our analysis on false information or news?Mark Zukerberg has finally acknowledged the issue.Among several projects that the company is considering，Facebook is trying to take powerful measures to crack down on false news.This would include warning labels on fake contents.Fake news also makes a lot of profits from advertising.Google and Facebook have said they will limit advertising profits on their network from such sites.The bottom line—don't believe every word of what you read.Do more research from multiple (多样的) sources to ensure that the news is indeed true before you share with others.[语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。
2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》：核心词汇
6．Is there always a conflict between science andreligion(religious)？
⑤orbitn．轨道
⑥spaceshipn．宇宙飞船
⑦universen．宇宙
⑧launchvt.发射
形容
词/
副词
5.fundamentaladj.基本的；基础的
6．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的
7．harmfuladj.有害的
st night we had a discussion，which became more and moreviolent.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never useviolencewhatever happens.(violent)
4．Playing computer games will not only doharmto your physical health，but it is alsoharmfulto your mental health.So there is noharmin advising you to give it up.(harm)
2020年高考英语复习《必修三Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars》：核心词汇
填一填
练一练
背一背
动词
1.crashvi.&vt.碰撞；坠落
2．floatvi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n．漂浮物
2020版高三英语一轮复习人教版必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
这就产生了一系列的 短语to develop。 languages ， which
反应，使得生命就有
_m_a_k_e_s_i_t_e_a_s_ie_r_f_o_r_h_e_r
可能开始发展了。
___to__fi_n_d__a good job.
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
__tu_r_n__，suffer again!
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
核心单词 高频短语 经典句式
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
核心单词 高频短语 经典句式
教材原句
句式解读
必修三
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Part 1 梳理教材 巩固双基 Part 2 分析考点 突破重难点 Part 3 提升能力 从容应对高考
核心单词 高频短语 经典句式
Part 1 梳理教材 巩固双基
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
“…… 是 ……
小心
④be careful
小心
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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
核心单词 高频短语 经典句式
2．“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达 (1)阻止某人做某事 ①prevent sb.from doing sth. ②stop sb.from doing sth. ③keep sb.from doing sth. (2)禁止某人做某事 ④prohibit sb.from doing sth. ⑤ban sb.from doing sth. ⑥forbid sb.from doing sth.
2020高考英语一轮复习必修3：Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars知识串讲讲义附答案
2020高考一轮复习教材串讲必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy : the science of the stars讲义1. __________________________adj.有害的2. __________________________vi.存在；生存3. __________________________n.谜；难题vt.&vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难4. __________________________n.&vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力5. __________________________n.质量；团；块；大量；（复）群众1. __________________________及时;终于【常用结构】__________________________准时；按时__________________________ 一次；每次__________________________曾经；一度；同时__________________________有时；偶尔__________________________ 决不__________________________马上；立刻2. __________________________产生；分娩【常用结构】__________________________ 出生时__________________________天生地；生来；在血统上3. __________________________轮到某人；接着【常用结构】__________________________依次；轮流；因此；因而__________________________ 轮流；依次__________________________轮流做某事__________________________轮到某人做某事4. __________________________ 阻止；制止【常用结构】（1）__________________________保护……不受……侵袭（2）同义词: __________________________5. __________________________感到高兴；感到振奋【常用结构】__________________________为某人加油6. __________________________既然7. __________________________突发；爆发【常用结构】__________________________解散；打碎__________________________ 脱离……__________________________ 打破;坍塌；（精神、身体）挎掉__________________________进入；插话__________________________ 强行进入（某处）；突然开始（大笑、欢呼等）8. __________________________ 密切注视；当心;提防【常用结构】__________________________照看；看守__________________________注意，当心__________________________注意，当心__________________________注意，当心1. ______________________________________________________________________.地球（开始）变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
高考英语总复习必修3Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars
billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. _十__亿___
倍数＋as...as...
迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上
的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。
句型公式
教材原句
“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice 句型 3：now that 引 __n_o_w__t_h_a_t_g_r_a_v_i_t_y_h_a_s__ch__a_n_g_e_d___．”
着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。
二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 1．Newton was one of the greatest __p_h__y_si_c_is_t_s__ (物理学家) in the world and many
people admire him very much. 2．The old scientist told his students that scientific __t_h_e_o_r_ie_s____ (理论) must be based on
这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried 句型 2：倍数表达法： ___tw__ic_e__a_s_f_a_r_a_s____ on the earth and fell over. 但当我试着向前
2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy – the science of the stars单元知识点学案
Unit 4 Astronomy – the science of the stars单元知识点学案背诵这篇范文注意划线部分的用法今年清明节，为了缅怀先烈，激发学生们的爱国和学习热情，学校组织了学生去烈士陵园扫墓。
扫墓活动包括：1．7：30在学校大门口集合；2．每人准备一束小白花；3．清扫烈士墓；4．向烈士默哀；5．缅怀先烈，并在烈士墓前宣誓：努力学习，振兴中华。
请根据汉语提示写一篇英语日记。
注意：1.请使用规范英语，词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：烈士martyr；墓地cemetery[必背范文]SundaySunnyOn the Tomb-Sweeping Day，our school organized an activity where the students went to clean the martyr cemetery in memory of the revolutionary martyrs and it could inspire us to love our motherland and our passion of learning. At 7：30 am，we got together at the school gate and we went there by bus. On arrival at the cemetery，we cleaned the graves and presented the little white flowers to the martyrs. After cleaning we stood silently to remember them and swore that we would never forget our heroes and work hard to make our nation stronger. At last，we took photos together. What a meaningful day we spent!重点单词精讲考点- 1．harmful adj. 有害的，伤害的【教材原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。
2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》：核心短语
2．Watch out forsharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.
3．A fierce fightbroke outbetween the two brothers just because of a small thing.
2020年高考英语复习《必修三Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars》：核心短语
填一填
练一练
背一背
动词＋介/副词
1．watch outfor密切注意；当心；提防
2．cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋
3．dependon依靠；取决于
4．breakout突发；爆发
(2)禁止某人做某事
④prohibit sb.from doing sth.
⑤ban sb.from doing sth.
⑥forbid sb.from doing sth.
语境串联Now that we all understand that the hazedoes harm toour health，we should take effective measures toprevent it fromgetting bad to worse.No matter what happens，we mustcheer up.If we keep on，we'll succeedin time.
5．prevent...from阻止；制止
6．blockout挡住
介词＋名词
7．intime及时；终于
2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》：完形填空
2020年高考英语复习《必修三Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of thestars》：完形填空I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man 1 his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child 2 drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飞)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears 3 .The father realizes that 4 he'll have to loosen the tie that binds (绑) him to his son.And he 5 “Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？”Many years later my son，Gary， 6 he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any 7 .At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.Gary managed to find a 8 at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，9 ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's 10 doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform? Then I tried to 11 him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with 12 classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to 13 that？”“Yes，Dad，”he replied without 14 .Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？”Shame suddenly 15 me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my 16 and the question it asks “Will I release the 17 as unselfishly as that？” At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was 18 enough to make his own choices.Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very 19 of who he has become. 20 I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar.[语篇解读]本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。
2020版高考英语(全国版)人教英语 必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
-17核心词汇 核心句式
1.in time及时;终于;迟早;总有一天 领悟高考· 究考法 用in time或 on time填空 (1)People will only see it as a real choice if the buses and trains on time are .(2014· 山东,阅读表达) 只有公共汽车和火车准时运行,人们才会觉得它是一个真正的选择。 in time (2)We arrived in the summer,just to enjoy the midnight sun.(2014· 四川,阅读理解B) 我们是夏天到达的,正好来得及享受午夜的太阳。 单句写作 (3)如果坚持下去,总有一天你会成功的。 ___________________________________________________ If you keep on,you will succeed in time.
核心考点
-14-
1.约翰总是乐于帮助别人,这就注定了他会很受欢迎。 John is always ready to help others,which is to make him very popular. 2.他们团结协作,这就使得他们可能在三小时内完成这项工作。 They work together,which makes it possible for them to finish the work within three hours. 3.我一边写,笔一边颤抖。 My pen trembles as I write.
核心考点
-6-
1.harmful和harm用法扫描 do harm to sb./do sb.harm 对某人有害 be harmful to sb./sth.对某人/某物有害 There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth.做某事并无 害处(反而可能带来某些好处)。 2.“良好性格”的描写 gentle温柔的 easy-going随和的 outgoing外向的 generous慷慨的
2020届高考艺考生英语复习教师用书：必修三Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars阅读单词1.astronomy n． 天文学 2．astronomer n. 天文学家 3．solar adj. 太阳的；日光的 4．billion pron.&n.&adj. (英)万亿；(美)十亿 5.carbon n． 碳 6．dissolve v t.& v i. 溶解；解散 7．acid n. 酸 8．mammal n. 哺乳动物 9.dioxide n． 二氧化物 10．extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 11．lessen v i.& v t. 减少；减轻 12．weightlessly ad v. 失重地写作单词1. system n． 系统；体系；制度2． unlike prep. 与……不同；不像3． fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的4． multiply v i.&v t. 乘；增加5． gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的6． crash v i.& v t. 碰撞；坠落7． pull n．&v t. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力8． float v i.&v t. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[语境活用]1．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞)into the back of a bus.2．Some experts think reading is the fundamental (基本的)skill upon which school education depends.3．Those anxious for reform say that the present system (系统)is too narrow.4．He found something floating (漂浮)on the lake，which frightened him.5．If you multiply (乘)two and three，you will get six.拓1. religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→ religious adj.宗教的2．theory n．学说；理论→ theoretical adj.理论的；理论性的3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→ violently ad v.猛烈的；激烈地4．harmful adj.有害的→ harm n．&v.伤害；危害→harmless adj.无害的5．exist v i.存在；生存→ existence n．存在；生存6．puzzle v i.&v t.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题→puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的→ puzzling adj.令人迷惑的7．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球性的；全世界的[语境活用]1．The more violent (violence) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.2．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)．3．The debate between science and religion (religious) continues to be heated.4．Now that we are all part of the global (globe) village，everyone bacomes a neighbour.5．To explain the puzzling (puzzle)findings，he offers two theories.第一组短语识记1. in one's turn 轮到某人2． watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防3． depend on 依靠；取决于4． break out 突发；爆发5． block out 挡住(光线)6． get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解语境活用1.Do remember to watch out for cars while crossing the street.2．At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket，which broke out at ten this morning.3．You've made me suffer in the past，so now you， in your turn ，suffer again!4．She bought a heavy curtain to block out the light.5．Sorry，I can't get the hang of the usage of it.短语识记1. in time 及时；终于2． prevent...from 阻止；制止3． now that 既然4． cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋5． lay eggs 下蛋6． give birth to 产生；分娩语境活用1. Now that we all understand that the haze is harmful to our health，we should take effective measures to2. prevent it from getting bad to worse.No matter what happens，we must3. cheer up and try to reduce the pollution.If we keep on，we'll succeed4. in time .填写课本佳句1.This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop .(动词＋it＋adj./n.＋to do)这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
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第 1 页 共 1 页 2020年高考英语复习《必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the
stars 》：harmful
(1)be harmful to sb./sth.
⎭
⎬⎫(2)do/cause harm to sb.do/cause sb.harm 对某人有害 ⎭⎬⎫(3)There is no harm in doing sth.It does no harm to do sth.
做某事没有坏处 ①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer ，which is very harmful(harm) to their health.
有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。
②These days ，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon ，causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.
这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。
③If you want to solve the problem in this way ，there is no harm in calling (call) him. 如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。