统计学中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照翻译
(文档含英文原文和中文翻译) Policies for Development of Iron and Steel Industry
The iron and steel industry is an important basic industry of the national economy, a supporting industry for realizing the industrialization and an intensive industry in technologies, capital, resources and energy, and its development requires a comprehensive balancing of all kinds of external conditions. China is a big developing country with a comparatively big demand of iron and steel in the economic development for a long time to go. China's production capacity of iron and steel has ranked the first place in the world for many years. However, there is a large gap in terms of the technological level and material consumption of the iron and steel industry compared with the international advanced level, so the focus of development for the future shall be put on technical upgrading and structural adjustment. In order to enhance the whole technical level of the iron and steel industry, promote the structural adjustment, improve the industrial layout, develop a recycling economy, lower the consumption of materials and energy, pay attention to the environmental protection, raise the comprehensive competitive capacity of enterprises, realize the industrial upgrading, and develop the iron and steel industry into an industry with
international competitive capacity that may basically satisfy the demand of the national economy and social development in terms of quantity, quality and varieties, we have formulated the policies for development of the iron and steel industry according to the relevant laws and regulations and the domestic and international situations that the iron and steel industry faces so as to guide the sound development of the iron and steel industry.
Chapter I Aim of the Policy
According to the requirement of our country's economic and social development and the situation of resources, energy and environmental protection, the production capacity of iron and steel shall maintain at a reasonable scale, which may be specifically resolved in the relevant planning. The comprehensive competitive capacity of iron and steel industry may reach to the international advanced level so that China may become a large country in iron and steel production and a great power country in world-wide competitive.
By the year 2010, through the means of structural adjustment of products, the proportion of good iron and steel products shall be elevated considerably, the majority of products shall be basically satisfied the development requirements of most industries in the national economy such as construction, machinery, chemical industry, auto-mobiles, household appliances, vessels, traffic, railway, military industry and new industries.
We may elevate the industrial concentration by means of organizational and structural adjustment of the iron and steel industry, and expand the scale of those backbone enterprise groups with comparative advantages by means of amalgamate
and reorganization . By 2010, the number of iron and steel smelting enterprises shall be considerably reduced and the production capacity of the iron and the output of steel enterprise groups that rank top 10 in the domestic market shall be reached to 50 % and above of the national total production capacity; by 2020, the proportion shall be reached to 70% and above.
By means of layout adjustment of the iron and steel industry, by 2010, the unreasonable layout shall be improved; by 2020, a comparatively reasonable industrial layout that complies with the supply of resources and energy, allocation of traffic and transportation, supply and demand of the market and environmental capacity shall be formed.
According to the concept of sustainable development and recycling economy, we should elevate the comprehensive level of environmental protection and resource utilization, and should save energy and lower consumption. We should elevate the comprehensive utilization capacity of waste gases, water and rubbishes to the largest possible extent, strive for the goal of realizing "zero discharge" and establish iron and steel factories of the recycling type. The iron and steel enterprisesmust develop the business of generating power by using reclaimed heat and energy. An iron and steel associated enterprise with the production scale of more than 5 million tons shall strive for the goal of having more than enough power to support itself and providing the surplus to outsiders. By 2005, the comprehensive energy consumption for each ton of steel shall be lowered to 0.76 ton of standard coal, the comparable energy consumption for each ton of iron shall be lowered to 0.70 ton of standard coal and the water consumption for each ton of steel shall be lowered to less than 12 tons in the whole industry; by 2010, the corresponding index shall be lowered to 0.73 ton of standard coal, 0. 685 ton of standard coal and less than 8 tons of water, respectively; by 2020, the corresponding index shall be lowered to 0.7 ton of standard coal, 0.64 ton of standard coal and less than 6 tons of water, respectively. That is, in the coming
10 years, the iron and steel industry shall, on the precondition that the total consumption of water resources decreases and the total energy consumption increases by a small margin, and realize a proper development in total quantity.
Before the end of 2005, all the wastes as discharged by iron and steel enterprises shall have been met the standards of the state and local provisions, and the total discharge volume of major wastes shall have been met the controlling index as verified by the local environmental department.
Chapter II Industrial Development Planning
The state shall guide the iron and steel industry to develop in a sound, sustainable and harmonious manner through the development policies and the mid- and long-term development planning of the iron and steel industry. The mid- and long-term development planning of the iron and steel industry shall be formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to the NDRC) in collaboration with other relevant departments.
An enterprise group with a production capacity of more than 5 million tons in 2003 may, according to the state mid- and long-term development planning of the iron and steel industry and the overall planning of the city where it is located, formulate the planning of its own, which shall be implemented upon the approval of the State Council or the NDRC after making necessary cohesion and balancing efforts. The specific construction projects of the planning shall not be required to be subject to the examination and approval or verification of the NDRC, but shall be organized and implemented by the enterprise itself after such formalities for examination and approval of land, environmental protection, security and credit have been handled, and shall be reported to the NDRC for archival filing according to the relevant provisions.
The development of any other iron and steel enterprise shall also meet the requirements of the development policies and mid- and long-term development planning of the iron and steel industry.
Chapter III Adjustment of Industrial Layout
Adjustment of Industrial LayoutArticle 10For the adjustment of industrial layout, we should take such conditions as mineral resources, energy, water resources, traffic and transportation, environmental capacity, market allocation and overseas resources into account in a comprehensive manner. For the layout adjustment of the iron and steel industry, we shall not establish any new iron and steel associated enterprise alone, independent iron-smelting or steel-smelting factory as a general principle. It's not encouraged to establish any independent steel-rolling factory. We should, on the basis of those established enterprises that meet relevant conditions and in combination with merger and relocation, carry out reform and expansion in those regions with such comparative advantages as water resources, raw materials, transportation and market consumption. We should combine new increase of production capacity with elimination of backward production capacity and shall not, as a general rule, substantially expand the production capacity.In the important regions of environmental protection, the regions in serious short of water, the urban district of big cities, the iron and steel smelting and production capacity shall not be expanded any more. Those enterprises established within the districts shall, in combination of the adjustment of organizational structure, equipment structure and product structure, cut production and move to other places so as to meet the requirements of environmental protection and resource economization.
Thinking over the bulk ores, energy, resources, water resources, transportation condition and the domestic and overseas market the large-scale iron and steel enterprises shall be mainly located along the coastal areas. The iron and steel enterprises in inland regions shall, in combination with the local market and bulk ore resources, determine their production according to the mines available, and shall
regard the sustainable production as the main factor for consideration other than strive for any expansion of production scale.
There are abundant resources of iron mines in the Anshan-Benxi region in north-east China, which is near the production bases of coal and has a certain condition of water resources. According to the development strategy of vitalizing the old north-east industrial base, the iron and steel enterprises in this region shall, according to the requirements of associated reorganization and establishing a top-quality production base, eliminate the backward production capacity so as to build up a large enterprise group with international competitive capacity. .
As the region of North China is in short of water resources and the production capacity and level thereof is low and excessive, we should, according to the ecological requirements of environmental protection, put the focus on structural adjustment, carry out merger and reorganization, strictly control the continuous over-increase of production factories and expansion of production capacity. We should relocate the Capital Steel Corporation and the reorganize it with the iron and steel industry of Hebei Province.
The steel material market in North China has a big potential. However, the layout of iron and steel enterprises thereof are over-intensified and thus, the large backbone enterprises with comparative advantages within this region may, in combination of the adjustment of organizational structure and product structure, elevate their production concentration and international competitive capacity .
As the central-southern region has abundant water resources andconvenient water transportation, the south-east coastal regions shall make full use of the advantage of deep waters and good harbors to build up large iron and steel associated enterprises in combination with the industrial reorganization and the relocation of urban steel factories.
There are abundant water resources in the west-south regions, and in the
Panzhihua-Xichang area has a large storage capacity of iron mines and coal resources but with inconvenient transportation. The key backbone enterprises existed shall improve their equipments level, adjust the variety structure, develop high-value-added products, determine the production capacity according to the sustainable supplying capacity of bulk ores rather than blindly pursue the increase of quantity.
As the west-north region is in short of bulk iron ores and water resources, the backbone enterprises existed shall put the focus on satisfying the requirement of local regional economic development other than pursue the expansion of production scale, and shall make good use of the mineral resources in neighboring countries actively.
政策发展钢铁工业
钢铁工业是国民经济的重要基础产业，是实现工业化和技术，资本密集型产业的支撑产业，资源和能源，以及它的发展需要各种外部条件的综合平衡。

中国是一个发展的很长一段时间，在经济发展的钢铁需求较大的国家。

中国钢铁生产能力已居世界第一多年。

然而，有一个大的差距，技术水平和材料消耗的钢铁行业与国际先进水平相比，所以对未来发展的重点应放在技术升级和结构调整。

为了提高钢铁工业的整体技术水平，推进结构调整，改善工业布局，发展循环经济，降低材料和能源消耗，注重环境保护，提高企业综合竞争能力，实现产业升级，发展钢铁行业进入了一个产业的国际竞争能力，可以基本满足在数量方面的国民经济和社会发展的需求，质量和品种，我们已制定的政策，对钢铁工业的发展，根据有关法律、法规和国际国内形势，钢铁行业面临如此为引导健康发展钢铁工业。

一、目标的政策
根据我国经济和社会发展的要求和资源状况，能源和环境保护，钢铁生产能力应维持在一个合理的规模，这可能是相关的规划具体的解决。

综合竞争能力的钢铁行业可能达到国际先进水平，中国可能会成为一个大的国家在钢铁生产和全球竞争的一个强国。

到2010年底，通过产品结构调整的手段，良好的钢铁产品的比例将大幅度提高，大部分产品应基本上满足了大部分行业发展需要等国民经济建设，机械，化工，汽车，家电，船舶，交通，铁路，军事工业和新兴产业。

我们可以提升产业集中的组织和结构的钢铁产业调整，并扩大这些骨干企业集团的合并和重组方式的比较优势的规模。

2010，钢铁冶炼企业将大大减少，铁和钢铁企业集团，在国内市场排名前10的输出应达到50%以上的国民总生产能力生产能力的数量；2020，比例应达到70%以上。

通过布局调整的钢铁工业，2010，不合理的布局应改进；2020，一个比较合理的产业布局，符合资源和能源供应，交通运输配置，市场供给和需求和环境容量应形成。

根据可持续发展和循环经济的概念，我们应该把环境保护和资源利用的综合水平，并应节能降耗。

我们应该提高废气的综合利用能力，水和垃圾的最大可能的程度上，努力实现“零排放”和建立循环型钢铁厂的目标。

钢铁enterprisesmust采用热再生能源发电业务的发展。

铁和钢与超过5000000吨，要争取有足够多的能量来支持自己和外界提供剩余的目标企业的生产规模。

2005，每吨钢综合能耗将下降到0.76吨标准煤，吨铁可比能耗要降低到0.70吨标准煤，每吨钢耗水量应降低至少在整个行业超过12吨；2010相应的指标，应降低到0.73吨标准煤，0。

685吨标准煤，低于8吨水，分别；2020，相应的指标应降到0.7吨标准煤，0.64吨标准煤，低于6吨水，分别。

就是说，在未来10年内，钢铁行业应，对水资源的减少，总消费量和能源消费总量的增加由一个小幅度的前提下，实现总数量适当的发展。

2005年底前，所有的废物排放的钢铁企业应已达到国家和地方规定的标准，而主要的废物排放总量控制指标均已达到由当地环保部门验证。

第二章工业发展规划
国家引导钢铁工业在健康的发展，可持续的、和谐的方式通过发展政策和中长期发展规划的钢铁工业。

中期和长期发展规划，钢铁行业将由国家发展和改革委员会制定（以下简称国家发展改革委）会同有关部门。

一个在2003超过5000000吨生产能力的企业集团，根据国家中长期发展规划的钢铁工业和城市的总体规划中所处位置，制定自己的计划，这应当经国务院或国家发改委批准后，进行必要的衔接和平衡的努力。

规划的具体建设项目不得需要审查的国家发改委批准或确认，但应组织和实施的企业本身经过审批手续的土地，环保，安全和信用已处理，并报国家发改委备案根据有关规定，申请。

开发任何其他钢铁企业还应当满足发展政策和中长期发展规划的要求，钢铁工业。

第三章产业布局调整
工业layoutarticle 10产业布局的调整，我们应该采取这样的条件，矿产资源，能源，水资源，交通运输，环境容量，以全面的方式分配市场和海外资源的考虑。

对钢铁工业布局调整，我们不应建立任何新的钢铁联合企业，独立炼铁炼钢厂作为一般原则。

这并不是鼓励建立独立的轧钢厂。

我们应该建立的企业，在符合有关条件和合并和重新安置相结合的基础上，进行改革和水资源，原材料等比较优势在该地区的扩张，运输，市场消费。

新增生产能力要与淘汰落后生产能力相结合，不得，作为一般规则，大幅扩大生产能力。

在环境保护的重要区域，在严重缺水的地区，大城市市区，钢铁冶炼生产能力不得扩大任何更多。

这些企业在区内设立，在组织结构调整相结合，设备结构和产品结构，将生产转移到其他地方以满足环境保护和节约资源。

在大块的矿石，思维的能源，资源，水资源，交通运输条件和国内外市场的大型钢铁企业应主要分布在沿海地区。

内陆地区要钢铁企业，结合本地市场和大宗矿产资源，根据矿山可确定他们的生产，并将生产可持续发展作为考虑的主要因素，争取比其他任何生产规模的扩大。

有丰富的中国东北部的鞍山本溪地区铁矿资源，是附近的煤炭生产基地，水资源一定的条件。

根据振兴东北老工业基地的发展战略，在这一地区的钢铁企业，根据相关的重组和建立一个高质量的生产基地的要求，淘汰落后生产能力，从而建立具有国际竞争力的大企业集团。

作为中国北方地区水资源短缺和生产能力和水平低和过度，我们应该，根据生态环境保护的要求，把重点放在结构调整，实施兼并重组，严格控制生产连续在工厂和扩大生产能力的增加。

我们应该将首都钢铁公司和重组与河北省钢铁工业。

在北中国钢材市场的潜力很大。

然而，钢铁企业的布局方法在加剧，因此，大型骨干企业的比较优势，在此区域内的可能，在组织结构和产品结构调整，提高生产集中度和国际竞争能力。

作为中南地区具有丰富的水资源、水上交通，东南沿海地区应充分利用深水域和良好的港口优势，建设大型钢铁联合企业结合的产业重组和城市钢厂搬迁。

在西南地区水资源丰富，在攀枝花西昌地区有一个大型铁矿山，煤炭资源的存储容量，但交通不便。

重点骨干企业存在要提高装备水平，调整品种结构，发展高附加值产品，根据散装矿石可持续供应能力而不是盲目追求数量增加的生产能力的确定。

作为西北地区是短的散装铁矿石和水资源，骨干企业存在应重点满足当地区域经济发展比其他追求生产规模扩大的要求，并应在周边国家积极的利用矿产资源。