2014人教版八年级英语下册第十单元基础知识及练习题.doc

Unit 10 I’ ve had this bike for three years.
重点
1. yard院子
2.sweet 天的
3.cent分
4. toy玩具
5. bear熊
6. maker生者
7. scarf巾
8. soft的
9.board 木板
10.check
11.railway路
12.certain某种，某人
13.honest的
14.truthful真的
15.hometown 家
16.search搜
17.among在(其中)；......之一
18.shame羞耻
19.regard将......
20. count数数
21. century百年
22. opposite面的X| k | B| 1 .
c|O |m
23. especially尤其
24. memory
25. consider注
26. hold有；抓住
重点短
1.these days 目前 ;在
2.regard with great interest 以极大的趣关注着
3.in order to 了
4.so far 迄今 ;到在止
5.in need 需要
6.not.. anymore 不再⋯⋯
7.welcome to sp_ 迎来到⋯ :
8.check out 察看 ;察
9.board games 棋游
10.one last thing 最后一西
11.junior high school 初中学
12.clear out 清理
13.no longer 不再 ;不复
14.toy monkey 玩具猴
15.part with 与⋯⋯分开
16.to be honest 在的
17.ride a bike 自行
18.have a yard sale 行庭院拍会
19.one’ s old things某人的旧西
20.bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回
21.give away 捐
22.play for a while 玩一会儿
23.do with... 置 ;理
24.search for work 找工作
25.for the last 13 years 在去的 13 年里
26.the mid-20th century 20 世中期
27.stay the same 保持原状
28.according to 依据 ;按照
29.in one ’ s opinion依⋯⋯看
30.in my time 在我那个年代
重点句型
1. I ’ vehad it for three years.我它三年了。

2.How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他儿子有道火多了？
3.He’ s owned it since his fourth birthday. 自从他四生日，他就已有他了。

1.How long have you... ?
How long have you had that bike over there?
那的那自行你了多久了？
2.sb. has/have done sth. for... 新-课-标-第-一-网
Amy has had her favorite book for three years.
艾米有她最喜的 3 年了。

3.sb. has/have done sth. since...
He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
自他 4 生日起，他有个西了。

4.Some⋯ Others...
Some people still live in their hometown.How-
ever, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人仍然住在家。

然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家一两次。

5.As for me, I did not want to give up my football
shirts,but, to be honest， I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。

但是，在
的，我在巳有一段没有踢(足球 )了。

6.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale
to sell your things?
你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？
7.What would you do with the money you raise?
你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？
语法难点
现在完成时常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”连用。

1.for 作介词，后接时间段，表示“某个动作持续了多久。

Eg： I ’ ve been here for just over two years我.来到这儿刚好两年多了。

2.since 可作介词，后接时间点，也可用作连词，后接从句，表示某个动作或情
况从过去某一时间点一直持续到现在，从句用一般过去时。

Eg：He’ s been here since two years ago他.两年来一直住在这儿。

注意： for 和 since 引导的时间状语不能与终止性动词的肯定式连用，但可和其
否定式连用。

Eg：Mr Smith hasn ’ t come to China for three years史密.斯先生三年没来中国了。

I haven ’ t seen him since I came back自从.我回来就没见过他。

针对性训练：
用 for 或 since 填空
1.She has been ill ________ more than to two weeks.
2.I haven ’ t met him _______ a long time.
3. Mary has been here ___________ eight o’ clock this morning.
4.It hasn ’ t rained ____________ two months ago.
5.They have been my friends _________I was a child.
高频考点
1.check out 意为”价差；审查”，为动副结构，是及物动词短语。

You’ d better check out your engine你.最好检查一下你的发动
机。

拓展： check out 还可为不及物动词短语，意为“结账离
开”。

Eg：他十分钟前付清费用离开了。

注意： check out 也有“检查，核对”之意，但是强调查明真相，核对事实。

在
美式英语中常用 check upon。

2.So we’ ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedrooms for a yard sale. 这是一个现在完成进行时的句子。

现在完成进行时通常要和时间段连用，表示在某段时间内，某动作一直在进行，结构为“have/hasbeen+v-ing +时间段”。

Eg：The workers have been working for three hours.这些工人已经工作 3 个小时了。

注意：如果对时间段提问，疑问短语用 how long。

如对上面例句中的 for 短语进行提问：
How long have the workers been working? 这些工人工作多长时间了？
clear out 意为“清理，收拾干净，清除掉”。

Eg: I decided to clear out all the old shoes that we never wear.我已经决定把我们从来不穿的旧鞋统统加以清除。

思考：你知道 clear out 与 clean out 的用法区别吗？
clear out 与 clean out 这两个短语都有“使......干净”的意思，但实际意思是不同的，前者意为“使......被清除掉，使 .....空出来”。

而 clean out 则是“使......清洁”之意。

Eg：I ’ ll clear out that closet and then you can hang your clothes in there我会.把衣橱腾出来，你就可以放衣服了。

新课标第一网
Be sure to clean out the kitchen when you finish cooking. 做晚饭时，一定要
把厨房收拾干净。

3.part with 意为“舍弃，放弃 (对......的占有 )；卖掉 (东西 ) ”。

Eg：He was very sorry to part with his favorite horses. 他卖掉他最喜欢的几匹马，心里很难过。

思考：你知道 part from 与 part with 的用法区别吗？
part from 的意思是“分开，离开”，多用于人； part with=give up，是“卖掉，放弃，断绝关系，跟 ......分开”的意思，主要用于物，间或也可用于人。

part from 作“分
手，分开”讲时，是瞬间动词，不能表示“持久”的意思， from 后接表示人的
名词活代词。

Eg： I often part from my parents after breakfast. 我常在早饭后与父母分手。

Tom has parted with Jane.汤姆已和詹妮分手。

4.as for 是一个固定短语，意为“至于 ......；关于 ...... 往往”用于说话时提及的
另一个人或事，活实物的另一个方面，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

Eg：As for that computer. I’ m not telling you anything至于说哪.台电脑，我什么都不会告诉你。

5.to be honest意为“老实说；说实在的”，相当于 to tell you the truth 或honestly speaking, 常在句中作插入语。

Eg：To be honest, I have little money. 老实说，我几乎没有钱。

6.do with 意为“处理”，常与 what 连用，表示询问。

Eg：What are you going to do with your old clothes? 你打算怎么处理你的旧衣服？拓展：deal with 意为“解决，应付，处理”，期中deal 为动词，过去式为dealt， with 为介词，后面常接 trouble，problem 等词。

deal with 多与 how 连用，表示询问。

Eg：How did you deal with your book?
7.the same as意为“和......一样”短语中的 as 是介词，用于比较，后接名词、
代词或动名词。

Eg：This basket is the same as that one这.个链子和那个一样。

8.How often do you think these people visit their hometowns?
do you think 为插入语，只是对一句话作一些附加的解释，与句子的其他成分并
无语法上的关系。

若去掉 do you think，句子任然完整，语序不变。

Eg：Which of these do yu think the best? 你认为这些之中哪一个是最好的？
9. “ I noticed that’ s true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei.
add 为及物动词，在本句中意为“补充说，又说”
Eg：She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.她又说，和朋友们进行交流毫无帮助。

10.so far =up to/until now，意为“迄今为止；到目前为止”，该短语常用语句首
或句末，在句中作状语，句子常用现在完成时，也可以用一般时，表示范围、程度
或距离。

Eg： It rains every day so far this month. 直到现在这个月每天都在下雨。

引领人生
A hero is known in the time of misfortune.时势造英雄。

实战模拟
Unit 10 I ’ ve had this bike for three years.
1. Jane！Please________ your drawer. It ’ s very dirty.
A. make out
B. go out
C. clean out
D. get out
2. __________ I haven ’ t had any success新课. 标第一网
A. So long
B. So far
C. Before long
D. By then
3.__________ do you guess will be the first ten top students in English in your school next term?
A. Who
B. Whom
C. which
D. What
4. He tried to __________ his father, but in wain.
A. search for
B. search out
C. search off
D. search after
5. __________ homework, most students do homework every day.
A. As to
B. Thanks to
C. Such as
D. As for
6. —Julie， what___________ in your hand?
— Look! It ’ s a new iPad for my daughter.
A. do you hold
B. are you holding
C. were you holding
D. will you hold 7. Peter
is ____________ honest boy and __________ good friend of mine. A. a, the B. the, an C. a, an D. an, a
8.—Your bike looks nice. Is it new?
—No, I _________it for two months.
A. have had
B. had bought
C. have
D. would buy
9.—How long _________you _________stamps?
—Since two years ago.
A. have, collected
B. did, collect
C. have, been collecting
D. are, collecting
10.— How long has Eliza been a nurse?
—___________.
A. Since 2002
B. Four years ago
C. In 2002
D. Since four years
二、完形填空。

It ’easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so it ’easier to fall into bad habits than into good__1__. Bad habits do not come__2__. They come little by little,
so you don ’ t know their3__. Schoolboys first pick up little bad habits at__4__ and on the streets. When they cannot do their homework, they copy from their__5__. If they see bigger boys smoking, they 6 want to learn to smoke. If they see their
friends gambling(赌博 ), they want to gamble. When they get
7, the habits become stronger and stronger. Then they can no longer give them up. From copying, they learn to 8 ; from gambling, they learn to cheat(欺骗 ). __9__no one believes in them. How__10__it is that we stop the bad habits at the beginning! ( ) 1.A. one B. ones C. other D. others
( ) 2.A. slowly B. usually C. exactly D. suddenly
( ) 3.A. danger B. idea C. plan D. hope
( ) 4.A. work B. school C. home D. night
( ) 5.A. parents B. teachers C. classmates D. students
( ) 6.A. still B. too C. also D. yet
( ) 7.A. thinner B. fatter C. older D. younger
( ) 8.A. read B. give C. write D. steal
( ) 9. A. At last B. At first C. At least D. At most
( ) 10.A. silly B. important C. difficult D. easy
三、阅读理解。

A
City High Low Weather
Beijing 9 -4 Snowy
Changchun -9 -18 Windy
Changsha 15 6 Cloudy
Chongqing 13 9 Cloudy
Fuzhou 21 14 Sunny
Guilin 18 7 Rainy
Haikou 22 17 Sunny
Lhasa 10 -5 Sunny
( ( ( ( ( ) 1.Lucy wants to make snowmen. Where should she go?
A. Beijing
B. Lhasa
C. Chongqing
D. Changsha
) 2.Jim takes an umbrella with him today. He must be in_____.
A. Changsha
B. Guilin
C. Fuzhou
D. Chongqing
) 3.Which city is the warmest? xK b 1.C o m
A. Beijing
B. Changchun
C. Haikou
D. Lhasa
) 4.How many cities` temperature stay above zero?
A.7
B.3
C.5
D.1
) 5.The coldest city is_____.
A. Beijing
B. Changchun
C. Lhasa
D. Chongqing
B.
Last Sunday I saw the worst storm. It came suddenly and went on for more
than three hours.
After lunch, I went into my room to have a rest. The air was hot, and everything was quiet. The strong wind started blowing into my room suddenly. Pieces of paper
on my desk flew high into the air and some flew out of the open window. As I ran out
to catch them, big drops of rain began to fall. When I came back into the house, it
was raining harder and harder. I tried very hard to close the window. Then I heard a
loud crashing(碰撞的 ) sound from the back of the house. I ran out of my room to find
out what it was— a big tree fell down and broke the top of the back room.
( ) 1. The storm happened______.
A. in the morning
B. in the afternoon
C. while I was in the back room
D. while I was in the garden
( ) 2. Before the storm came, the weather was______.
A. cold
B. cool
C. hot
D. warm
( )3. The storm went on for______.
A. over three hours
B. three hours
C. less than three hours
D. two hours
() 4. The wind blew some of the paper______.
A. all over the floor
B. out of the door
C. into the back room
D. out of the open window
() 5. The top of the back room was broken because of______.
A. the hot air
B. the crashing sound
C. the rain
D. the falling tree
C
Lucy and Lily had a good time last Sunday. They got up very early. After
breakfast they went to a park.
In the park, they saw a lot of flowers. Lucy wanted to pick one of them. But Lily
stopped her. Then they went to the river. By the river they found a small boat. They
got into（进入）the boat and started boating on the river. Two hours later, they left
the boat and began to climb the hill near the river. They reached（到达） the top（頂
部） at half past eleven. There they had their lunch. What did they have for lunch？
Eggs, bread and some oranges.
In the afternoon, they went home.
Their mother asked them, “ Did you enjoy yourselves？”
“ Yes, very much. ” They answered.
判断下列各句正（ T）误（ F）
（） 1. Lucy and Lily went to a park last Saturday.
（） 2. In the park, Lucy picked some flowers.
（） 3. They had lunch before they started to climb the hill.
（） 4. They had eggs, bread and some oranges for lunch.
() 5. They had a good time.w W w .x K b 1.c o M
D
A traveler came out of the airport. There were a lot of taxis. He asked every taxi
driver his name. Then he took the third one. It cost 5 dollars from the airport to the
hotel. “ How much does it cost for the whole day?” The man asked.“ 100 dollars, the taxi driver. This was very expensive, but the man said it was OK.
The taxi driver took the man everywhere. He showed him all the parks and
museums in the city. In the evening they went back to the hotel. The traveler gave the
taxi driver 100 dollars and said,“ What about tomorrow? It’ s another 100 dollars.
the man said, ” That ’ s OK! See you tomorrow. ” The taxi driver was very pleased.
The next day the taxi driver took the traveler everywhere again. They visited all
the parks and museums again, and in the evening they went back to the hotel. The
man gave the taxi driver 100 dollars again and said, “ I ’ m going home tomorrow. taxi driver was sorry because he liked the traveler and, above all , 100 dollars a day
was a lot of money . “ So you ’ re going home.
Where do you come from? ”he asked. “ Icome from New York! ”said the
traveler. ” I have a sister in New York. Her name is Susanna. Do you know her? ”course I know her. She gave me 200 dollars for you! ”
1. Where did the traveler come from? ________ .
A. England
B. America
C. Canada
D. France
2. Why did the traveler take the third taxi? Because __________.
A. the other taxi drivers asked for more money
B. the third taxi
driver was a kind-hearted man
C. he didn ’want to spend his own money on the coming visit
D. the other
drivers didn ’ t like him
3. Usually the cost traveling one day by taxi may be ____________.
A. 100 dollars
B. 200 dollars
C. less than 100 dollars
D. more than 200 dollars
4.Who asked the traveler to give the money to the taxi driver?
____________________ .
A. The traveler’ s sister
B. The traveler himself
5.The driver was unhappy _________________.
A. when he heard the traveler ’ s last words
B. when the traveler asked every taxi driver his name
C. when the traveler asked him for his sister’ s name
D. during the two-day visit
四、书面表达。

假如你是张磊，是一个 14 岁的集邮爱好者。

三年来你收集了五百多张邮票，
并把它们保存在一本旧书中。

邮票内容各异：有关于奥运的、著名科学家的、动物
的等。

请你根据以上内容写一封交友信，简单地介绍你自己。

要求：语句通顺，不少于60 词。

http://w ww.xkb 1. com
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
新课标第一网。