第二讲代词
第二讲--代词李荣荣
第二讲代__词单句语法填空1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog.2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Now it occurred to him (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.3．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's me/mine (I)”．4．(2014·广东高考语法填空)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination.5．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The river was so polluted that it actually caught fire and burned.6．(2015·陕西高考改编)To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.一、人称代词①She was beautiful and could run faster than others.她(那时)很美并且比其他人跑得快。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题二_代词版含解析
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题二：代词代词是英语中非常重要的一类词，也是高考必考考点。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对代词考查列了六项：①人称代词②物主代词③反身代词④指示代词⑤不定代词⑥疑问代词。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第54题（完形填空）考查的是代词whoever、whatever、whichever 与whenever的辨析；第63题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法；第78题（短文改错）考查的是不定代词much与many的辨析，第80题（短文改错）考查的是your与our的辨析。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第44题（完形填空）考查的是代词each，another，this与that 的辨析；第68题（语法填空）考查的是its的用法（给出代词it，根据题意须将其变为its）；第71题（短文改错）考查的是关系代词that与which的辨析；第79题（短文改错）考查的是our与his的辨析。
2017高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题考查的是关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
I.代词种类：II.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词对应关系表：III.不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
2020高考复习：第2讲 代词和介词介词短语
mother a call every day.
• 7．I think I can improve me a lot in this way，because where there is a will, there is a way.
game.
was willing to lose the
neither
7．(2018·重庆七中高三质量检测)When I was on the airplane, I kept telling (I) that I had to be strong when facing any troubles or problems.
答案： We are now back home.Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the
us wonderful meals.
• 3．Finally, I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them their great achievements.
答案：I'd like to introduce Sarah to you. She is a good friend of me . mine
• 6．Wherever he is, he makes himself a rule to give his mother a call every day.
• another表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个，再一个”；the other意为“(两 者中的)另一个”；other意为“其余的，另外的”；others泛指其余的人或物。
第二讲 代词、介词
第一 I(我)
me
my
mine
myself
人称 we(我们)
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二 you(你)
you
人称 You(你们) you
your your
yours yours
yourself yourselves
he(他)
him
his
his
himself
第三 she(她)
her
her
hers
adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于
teach oneself
自学
speak to oneself
自言自语
think for oneself
独立思考
(二)it 的用法
返回
1．it 的基本用法
用法
例句
指天气、季节、时间、 距离、环境等
It is early spring, but it is already hot.现在是初春，但是天气已经很 热了。
返回
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I had done myself homework, but I was
shy.
_m__y_s_el_f_→__m_y___
解析：此处表示我已经完成了我的家庭作业。my 是形容
词性物主代词，作 homework 的定语，myself 不作定语。 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)About one month after this photo was
8．(2015·四川高考)As I told you last time, I made three new
friends here ...but I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.
2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：代词(2) 课件
代词 it
one/ ones
that/ those
用法
例句
替代前面提到过的同一个人或物。
This is our new car.We bought it yesterday.这是我们的新车。我们昨天买
的。
It's standard practice for a company like
one用来替代前面出现的单数可数名词， this one to employ a security officer.像这
about fashion. 【解析】句意为：当校园里每一个学生都穿校服的时候，就没有人会担心时尚(的问 题)了。由句意可知，设空处表示“没有人”，故填nobody。
考法训练
单句语法填空
6．The bridge links three areas, making it much more convenient to travel
base are practical. 【解析】句意为：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够 帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多 少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。
2 [浙江2019年6月改编] When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, ______ will have to worry
touching, especially if you're giving them to your mother.
考法讲解
考法二 考查it及替代词的用法
(1)考查it作替代词，指代已提及的事物、想法或已发生的事情等。考生应掌握it作替 代词与其他替代词one, that, those等的用法区别。
高中英语语法讲解 二代词
高中英语语法讲解二、代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词人称单复数主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its无itself复数they them their theirs themselves指示代词this /these 这个，这些You should always keepthis(these) in mind.that/ those 那个，那些That is what I want to tell younow.such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语若遇到no,one,two,another,several,some, many, all等，放其后；若遇a/an,放其前Such was Einstein, a simple man of great achievement.Tom is such a nice person.All such problems have been solved already.There is no such car here.so在believe,think, expect,suppose, imagine, guess等后，代前文提到的观点，肯定否定句都可以用；用于肯定的hope以及I’m afraid后，代替前文提出的观点；在肯定句中，表上下文相同的情况。
--Will Tom come this evening?--I think so./ I don’t think so./I think not.--Is it going to rain tomorrow?--I hope so/ I hope not(不用I don’t hope so)He likes English, and so do I.不定代词单词词性数量意义和用法all pron.指三个或三个以上的人或物（1）作主语，指所有人，谓用复数，指所有事，谓用单数。
第2讲：词汇—代词—阅读 A 篇(专题 2) 牛津上海版英语九年级暑假讲义
初三英语暑假班（教师版）1.词汇already~ averageplete the following sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once and notice there is one word or phrase more than you need.anywhere ancient as soon as amount attract audience already amusing one another one after another at the same time1.I don’t find his jokes at all .2.So far, she has written several successful computer games.3.Read the instructions and then cook the food for the right of time.4.Students often work together in groups and share their ideas freely with .5.The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land on snow, on water, or even ona ploughed field.6.Researchers believed Greece and Rome were important sources of learning.7.I telephoned the booking office I heard the news.8.Because the gun was in a plastic case, the magnet(磁铁) could not it.9.Washing machines and vacuum cleaners enable us to wash clothes and clean our houses .10.The of this advertisement was mainly teenagers.【难度】★【答案】1. amusing 2. already 3. amount 4. one another 5. anywhere 6. ancient 7. as soon as 8. attract 9. at the same time 10. audienceplete the following sentences with the given words in their proper forms.1.My is to be an architect when I leave school.(ambitious)2.In the 20th century, there were many inventions.(amaze)3.If I fail to by 7 o’clock, I will not be coming at all.(disappear)4.She to her friend for not being able to write to him last month.(apology)5.The woman walked out of the shop and decided to punish the assistant the next day.(angry)6.Have you to meet him?(arrangement)7.I was pleased to hear that he home safely.(arrival)8.Breathing is an function of the body.(automatically)9.They divided themselves into two groups: the writers and the .(art)10.Yesterday we had a debate. We about whether we should encourage people to keep pets.(argument)11.When trying to memorize something, you should focus your and concentrate on the most important things about it.(attend)【难度】★★【答案】1. ambition 2. amazing 3. appear 4. apologized 5. angrily 6. arranged 7. arrived8.automatic 9.artists 10.argued 11. attentionIII.Sentence transformation.1.We have invited fifty people in all.We have invited fifty people .2.His invention not only changed America but the whole world as well.the whole world.His invention not only changed America3.Her sister plays the piano better than her.She doesn’t play the piano her sister.4.The shop had nothing on sale this week.The shop didn’t on sale this week.5.We got to Paris yesterday, safe and sound.We Paris yesterday, safe and sound.We Paris yesterday, safe and sound.【难度】★★【答案】1. altogether 2. but also 3. as well as 4.have anything 5. reached…arrived inplete the following sentences with proper words. The first letter of each word has been given.1.Did you do a special during the weekend?2.I don’t like this room. I’m going to ask for a .3.He has had a lot of students. A them are managers, lawyers, doctors and scientists.4.A Brazil is one of the richest countries in the world, much of it has not yet been developed.5.The man a the old woman with a knife.6.He is thin, and of a height, but he is very fit.7.Students have different a towards the uniform rule.8.The detective found out that the shop a was her daughter.9.They don’t have to keep a their parents for money all the time.10.One morning, something unusual happened while the fisherman was a work.11.Everybody a me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable.12.After reading an a named “Cigarette Smoking and Your Heath”, I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.【难度】★★【答案】1. anything 2. another 3. among 4. although 5. attacked 6. average 7. attitudes8.assistant 9. asking 10. at 11. around 12. articleplete the following sentences according to the Chinese given.1.Tom called Linda yesterday, and Linda’s mum (接电话).2.She has never (实现她的雄心) becoming a famous writer.3.The problem was so simple (几乎任何人都可以解出).4.The old woman (生她孙子的气) because the thought that he had never visited her.5.I think I (有空) tomorrow morning.6.Most people believe that the rain (将持续至少一周).7.Everyone can (申请自己的电子邮箱地址) on the Internet.8.They (参加一个讲座) Man and the Environment yesterday.9.The house (占地) 250 square meters with three bedrooms, a sitting room, a kitchen, a bathroom and a big yard.10.Yesterday a French friend (带我参观一些世界著名的旅游景点) in Paris such as the Eiffel Tower, the Arch of Triumph, the Louvre and Notre Dame.【难度】★★【答案】1. answered the phone 2. achieved her ambition of 3. that almost anyone could solve it(work it out) 4. was angry with her grandson 5. will be available/free 6. will last for at least a week 7. apply for his or her own email address 8. attended a lecture on 9. has/covers an area of 10. showed me around some (of the ) world-famous tourist attractionsPresentation真题讲解中考英语选择题人称 第一人称第二人称 第三人称 单复数单 复 单 复 单 复人称代词主格 I we you you he; she; it they 宾格weusyouyouhim; her; it them人称代词（主格）的用法例句作主语She reads English every morning. We and they are going to have a picnic. You, he and I are in the same school. 人称代词（宾格）的用法例句常位于宾语（动词、介词）后He always helps us.We are planting trees with them. Let the girl stand between you and me.2） 物主代词人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单复数单 复 单 复 单 复物主代词形容词性 my our your your his; her; its their 名词性mineoursyoursyourshis; hers; its theirs形容词性物主代词的用法例句作定语I love my parents.Can you lend me your notebook? They clean their classroom every day.名词性物主代词的作用例句作主语 Is this her puppy? No, hers is white. 作表语 These new computers are ours. 作宾语Tom’s bike is broken. He is using mine.2.语法:代词3）指示代词：this, that, these, those—Is this your cat?—Yes, it is.The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Shanghai.6）不定代词some 一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于否定句和疑问句。
2 人称代词
第二讲汉语人称代词的发展现代汉语的第一、第二、第三人称代词，其中第一、第二人称代词商代就产生了，第三人称代词产生较晚，在中古的南北朝时期。
一、商代的人称代词商代甲骨卜辞已经产生了第一和第二人称代词，尚未产生第三人称代词。
1、第一人称代词有“我”“余”“朕”三个。
三者的区别是：我，多表复数，也表单数。
从语法功能上，可做主语、宾语、定语。
（我们，我们的，我，我的）如：庚申卜，贞：我受黍年。
我，表示复数的我们，代表商朝。
做主语。
（“我”的这种单复数同形的功能现代汉语中仍有孓遗，如我国、我校，“我”都表复数）（）侵我西鄙田。
（定语，我的）余，只表示单数，做主语和宾语，不做定语。
（我）羌甲祟余。
（宾语）朕，用于单数，主要做定语，有时也做主语。
（我的）甲戌卜，王，余令角婦协朕事。
2、第二人称代词有“女（汝）”“乃”“尔”，单复数同形。
其区别是：汝，可做主语、定语、宾语。
乃，做定语。
（你的，你们的）尔，做定语、宾语。
3、甲骨文到周秦两汉汉语中的“之”“其”“彼”“厥”。
这些词有时翻译成现代汉语的“他”“他们”，但它们仍然是指示代词性质，偶尔指代第三人称，但不是人称代词。
商代至周秦还没有产生真正的第三人称代词。
二、周秦的人称代词（一）到周代，商代产生的3个第一人称代词继续使用，又产生了“吾”“卬”“台”“予”4个，共7个。
其使用频率和用法各不相同。
1、“我”，周秦应用普遍，功能同商代用法。
如：我未见力不足者。
（单数，主语）父母之不我爱，于我何哉。
（宾语，单数）无矢我陵，我陵我阿。
（复数，我们的）2、吾，只作主语和定语。
（一般不做宾语，只有在特定的条件下才做）可表示单、复数。
季氏使闵子骞为费宰，闵子骞曰：善为我辞焉，如有復我者，则吾必在汶上矣。
《论语·雍也》夫子欲之，吾二臣皆不欲也。
（主语，复数，我们）在否定句的宾语前置结构中，“吾”才可以用作宾语。
居则曰：不吾知也。
上古“我”“吾”的单复数没有词形上的区别。
第二讲 代词
第二讲代词英语代词分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词和不定代词六种。
（一）人称代词：起代表人或事物的作用，有人称、数、格的变化。
它们的主格和宾格形式是：I---me, you---you, he---him, she---her, it---it, we---us, you---you, they---them.e.g. They gave me a book.（二）物主代词：表示所有关系。
分形容词性和名词性两种。
形容词性物主代词有my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their. 名词性物主代词有mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,yours, theirs.e.g. Her mother is a doctor. This book is mine.（三）指示代词：用来区别人和事物。
常用的指示代词有this, that, these, those, such, etc.e.g. These are apple trees.（四）反身代词：表示强调或表示动词所表达的动作返回到作者本身。
反身代词有myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.e.g. Let’s ask Mr. Li himself.（强调）（五）疑问代词：表示疑问，一般放在句首，构成特殊疑问句。
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which, etc.e.g. Who are you looking for?（六）不定代词：主要用来不指明特定的人和物。
不定代词大多代替名词和形容词。
不定代词主要有some, any,no, both, all, every, each, either, neither, much, many, few,a few, little, a little, 以及由some, any, no等合成的复合不定代词, 如something, anything, nobody. 复合不定代词有定语时，定语要放在后面。
英语中考备考考点分析(二)代词(1)
2015英语中考备课专题复习考点分析训练（二）代词第一讲考点分析【考点1】any与some【考点精析】基本用法及区别。
两者都有“一些，某些”之意，但用法却大不相同。
any作代词时意为“无论哪个；无论哪些；任何(人或物)”，主要用于疑问句和否认句中。
—Did you find the any books on the alien in the library?—No,I didn’t find any.some用作代词时意为“一些人/物；有些人/物”，主要用于肯定句当中。
There are many people in the park.Some are walking.Some are talking.【拓展】以下特殊情况下，some也可用于疑问句和否认句。
（1）用于表示请求、邀请或征求意见的疑问句。
Would you like some more fruit?（2）说话人希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句。
Could you please lend me some money?（3）用于表示局部否认的句子中。
I don’t like some of the films.（某一些我不喜欢）试比较：I don’t like any of the films.(我一部也不喜欢)【拓展】some和any还能够用作形容词。
some意为“一些，若干；某一”；any意为“一些；任何的”。
两者都能够修饰不可数名词及可数名词单、复数。
Some children are playing in the park.Are there any milk in the bottle?any修饰单数可数名词，意为“任何一个”，常用于肯定句和条件句中。
Give me a pen —any pen will be OK.some修饰单数可数名词，意为“某一个”，You will be sorry for this some day.【精讲精练】【2014天津】—Is there beef in the fridge?—No,there isn’t.There is pork.A.some;anyB.any;anyC.some;someD.any;some【答案】D【考点2】another,other,others,the other与the others例如：Do you have any other question(s)?He has two daughters.One is a nurse,the other is a worker.Mary is much taller than the other girls.Some of us like singing and dancing,others go in for sports.Two boys will go to the zoo,and the others will stay at home.I don’t like this one.Please show me another.【拓展】the other day = a few days ago前几天every other day/week/year = every two days/two weeks/two years每隔一天/一星期/一年【精讲精练】【2014江苏常州】We should tell the truth.We can’t say one thing to one person andthing to someone else.A.otherB.anotherC.the otherD.one more【答案】B【考点3】both, neither, either, all, none【考点精析】词义和基本用法，谓语动词的单复数形式。
第02讲 人称代词(原卷版)七年级英语上册
第02讲人称代词（预习七上）模块一思维导图串知识模块二基础知识全梳理（吃透教材）模块三教材习题学解题模块四核心考点精准练模块五小试牛刀过关测1．掌握人称代词的主格用法。
2．掌握人称代词的宾格用法。
3. 掌握人称代词的顺序人称代词的意义和分类：英语中用来表示“你、我、她”这样含义的词叫人称代词。
人称代词可以分为主格和宾格，主格放句首，作主语I am a student. 我是个学生。
宾格放在动词后，作宾语或表语My mother likes me. 我的妈妈喜欢我。
放介词后，作宾语The boy is standing in front of us.这个男生站在我前面。
人称代词主格和宾格的进一步区分：汉语中的人称代词没有主格、宾格的区别，例如“我帮助你”跟“你帮助我”中的“我”和“你”都是同一个字；然而在英语中，它们由于扮演语法成分的不同，使用的是不同的词。
例如： I help you. 我帮助你。
You help me. 你帮助我。
这两句里“我”分别担任主语和宾语，但担任主语时是“I”，担任宾语时是“me”。
两句中的“you”虽然形式相同，但实际担任的成分是不同的，只不过因为“you”的主格和宾格“长得一样”罢了。
因此代词的主格、宾格内容是英语初学者容易犯错误的地方。
需要同学们加以注意。
以下是各人称代词的主格和宾格：单复数单数复数人称I II III I II III主格I you he，she，it we you they宾格me you him，her，it us you them多个人称代词作主语时的顺序：1．（23-24七年级上·江苏连云港·期中）Miss Wu is our Math teacher. ________ is very nice to us.A．Her B．She C．Him D．He2．（23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）—Who is the boy in front of the blackboard? — ________ is my brother. I often go walking with ________ after lunch.A．She; she B．She; her C．He: he D．He; him3．（22-23七年级上·江苏常州·期末）—Does ________ like meat for lunch? —Yes. It gives ________ energy for the day.A．she; her B．she; she C．her; she D．her; her4．（23-24七年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Mr. Wang teaches ________ Chinese because ________ good at it.A．my; his B．me; he’s C．my; he is D．mine; he’s5．（23-24七年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Let ________ look after our mother at home.A．my sister and I B．me and my sister C．I and my sister D．my sister and me1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6._________考点一：人称代词的主格6．（23-24七年级上·江苏无锡·期末）The young parents name the baby boy Charles because they hope ________ can be strong.A．she B．he C．her D．him7．（23-24七年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Sandy and I are friends, and ________ have the same hobby.A．we B．you C．they D．us8．（20-21七年级上·广东东莞·期中）They are my friends. ________ name is Sam, and ________ is Jenny,A．He, she B．His, her C．His, she D．Her, her9．（23-24七年级上·河北邯郸·期末）This is my teacher, Miss Chen. ______ is from Hebei.A．He B．It C．She D．They10．（23-24七年级上·江苏南通·期末）—Dad, ________ my new classmates, Simon and Daniel.—OK. Glad to see you, Simon and Daniel.A．this is B．there are C．that is D．they are考点二：人称代词的宾格11．（23-24七年级上·山东青岛·期末）Our aunts are cooking in the room. Let’s go to help ________.A．her B．him C．us D．them12．（23-24七年级上·广东江门·期末）—Mr. Wu teaches ________ English. ________ do you think of him?—He is a good teacher. He is kind and hard-working.A．our; What B．our; How C．us; What D．us; How13．（23-24七年级上·河北石家庄·期末）—I lost my keys. I must find them. —OK. Let ________ help you.A．I B．he C．my D．me14．（23-24七年级上·云南玉溪·期末）These socks are only 3 dollars. Do you want ________?A．it B．them C．that D．they15．（23-24七年级上·河北保定·期末）Gina and I want to go to the library. Can you go with ________?A．them B．us C．her D．me考点三：人称代词的顺序16．（23-24七年级上·山东菏泽·期末）________ are in Class 6, Grade 7.A．He and me B．I and he C．He and I17．（23-24七年级上·吉林四平·期末）________ are good friends.A．I and Jimmy B．Jimmy and IC．Me and Jimmy D．Jimmy and me18．（23-24七年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）______ are good friends.A．You, he and I B．He, you and I C．You, I and he19．（22-23七年级上·江苏南京·期中）—Daniel, do you still remember the girl between ________ in the photo?—Yes. She is Lisa!A．Sandy and I B．I and Sandy C．Sandy and me D．me and Sandy20．（22-23七年级上·全国·课时练习）________ will spend the winter holiday in Beijing.A．You, she and I B．I, she and you C．She, you and me D．Her, you and I用所给词的正确形式填空。
高中英语语法专题第二讲代词和介词
• 部分否定和全部否定
• (1)no one, none, nobody, nothing, not...any/either以及“no＋名词”都表示全部 否定；
• (2)all, both, everyone/everybody/everything以
◆While I agree with the most of what you said, I don't agree with everything.
them
• 5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightenediteach other, I was just glad to find
_____(they) alive.
its
• 6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However, the railway
1.人称代词的主格多作句子主语，有时用作表语；宾格 用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在 口语中，常用人称代词的宾语作表语。特别注意：人称代 词指代的数量前后要一致。
◆ The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.
必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。
2．形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中只能作名词 或动名词的前置定语，不能单独使用。名词性物主代词相当 于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，可单独作主语、表语和宾 语，也可与of连用作后置定语，但不能单独作定语。
2．用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或 从句。
(1)it作形式主语的常用句型： ①It＋be＋adj./n.＋for/of sb＋to do ②It is no good/use/useless doing sth. ③It's (well) worth doing... ④It＋be＋名词词组(a pity/a fact/no wonder/...)＋that从 句
第二讲 代词和数词
第二讲代词和数词一代词代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语，不定式，动词的-ing形式或句子的词。
注意：不同的人称合在一起使用时，一般的排序为：单数：you and I; you and he; he and I; you, he and I复数：we and you; we and they; you and they; we, you and they4. 疑问代词：what，which, who, whom, whose等5. 指示代词：是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，具有指定的含义。
this；that; these; those6. 不定代词：不明确指代某个（某些）人，某个（些）事物的代词。
⑴some, any, many, much, a lot of 与lots of①many 修饰或代词可数名词的复数。
②much 修饰或代替不可数名词。
③a lot of和lots of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
④some和any 表示“一些”，即不确定的或未知的数量数目。
Some通常用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
Some可用在表示邀请或请求的疑问句中，强调希望对方给予肯定回答。
Would you like some apples?⑵other 与another 的用法①other 具有代词性质，既可指人，也可指物。
other表示“另外的”，“其他的”，the other 表示“两者中的另一个”，the others表示“其余的（指在一个范围内的其他全部）”，others 用于泛指，表示“其余的人或物”。
②another 具有代词性质，既可指人，也可指物，表示“另一个”（是泛指中的“另外一个”，并不是两者中的另一个）或“又一个”。
⑶each 与every 表示“每一”①each强调“个别”，可单独使用，也可修饰单数名词或跟of引导的介词短语；every修饰单数名词，强调“整体”，相当于汉语中的“每个都”。
九年级英语中考英语总复习之语法篇：(二)代词人教四年制
九年级英语中考英语总复习之语法篇：（二）代词人教四年制【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：中考英语总复习之语法篇：（二）代词二. 聚焦中考英语中的代词：1. 代词是用来代替名词的一种词类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
初中阶段我们学过的代词主要有：人称代词I, you, she, it, we, they, me, him, us, them等；物主代词my, his, her, its, mine, yours等；反身代词myself, yourself, themselves等；指示代词this, that, these, those等；不定代词all, one, some,both, neither, another, everything, nobody，either, a few, little ,every, each等；疑问代词what, who, which, whom, whose等；2. 考查热点考查人称代词主格与宾格的辨别与使用；考查形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区分；考查选择适当的指示代词；考查不定代词的辨析使用；考查代词中数的概念和肯定与否定的概念；考查用比较级的形式表示最高级的含义；考查从句的连接代词和关系代词等等。
3. 考点归纳（1）人称代词使用时分清主格和宾格Two boys, ____ , will be sent to Great Britain for further study.A. he and IB. him and IC. I and heD. him and me（2）两个以上的代词并列排列有次序Mary andI are classmates.You, he andI are good friends.（3）it 是很活跃的代词可以用于表示时间、季节、距离、气候以及形式主语和形式宾语。
Who is it? It’s me.What’s in the picture? It’s a cat.It’s seven o’clock.What day is it today?How far is it from the school to your home?It is easy to climb the hill.I find it not easy to get on well with Jim.（4）名词性物主代词常用作主语、宾语及表语。
第二章代词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第二章代词思维导图一、代词的定义代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的,它的主要作用是在句子中避免名词的重复.因此,代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上一致.二、代词的分类在初中英语中常见的代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词和不定代词等.(一)人称代词1.人称代词的分类人称代词是指人的代词,表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它”“我们”“你们”或“他们”等.人称代词有人称、数和格的变化.单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I我me我we我们us我们第二人称you你you你you你们you你们第三人称he他him他they他们them他们she她her她they她们them她们it它it它they它们them它们(1)主格人称代词在句中作主语.She is as intelligent as he(is).她像他一样聪明.(2)宾格人称代词在句中作动词宾语或介词宾语.We often go to see her on Saturdays.我们常在星期六去看她.It is a waste of time your talking to him.跟他谈话是白白浪费时间.(3)人称代词作表语时一般用宾格,但在比较正式的场合用主格. -Who is it?谁呀?-It's me.是我.(非正式)-It is I.是我.(正式)(4)人称代词用于as和than之后,如果as和than用作介词,往往用宾格;如果as和than用作连词,则往往用主格.She reads faster than he.她读得比他快些.I am a good student as him.我和他一样是个好学生.(5)we, you, they有时可用来泛指一般人.We/You should keep calm even when we/you are in danger.即使在危急时刻也要保持冷静.They say there is going to be trouble.人们说要有麻烦了.点拨有时在叙述故事时常把动物人格化,可爱、美丽的动物用she来表示,凶猛的动物用he或it表示.表示船只、祖国、大地、月亮等时常用代词she.如:I have a lovely cat. She is my favourite.我有一只可爱的猫.她是我的宠物.China is my motherland. She is getting more and more powerful.我们的祖国是中国.她正变得越来越强大.The moon usually shines brightly on the night of the Mid-autumn Day. She looks like a round silvery plate.通常中秋节之夜月光明亮.她看上去酷似一个银色的圆盘.①用来指代上文提到过的事物.-What do you think of the movie?你觉得这部电影怎么样?-Great! I like it very much.棒极了！我非常喜欢它.②用来指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度等.It's eight o'clock now.(指时间)现在是8点钟.③用来指代婴儿或不明确的人.The baby is crying. It might be hungry.宝宝在哭,它可能饿了.④作形式主语或形式宾语Did you find it very interesting to play football?你有没有发现踢足球很有趣?3.人称代词的排列顺序几个人称代词同时作主语时,排列次序一般为:you and I; you and he(she); you, she(he) and I; we and you; we and they; we, you and they.You, he and I should help each other.我、你、他应该互相帮助.She and I are of the same age.我和她同岁.但在承认错误时,I放在其他人前面表示勇于承认错误.I and my brother made the mistake.我和兄弟犯了这个错误.(二)物主代词1.物主代词的分类表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词,物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种.形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数第一人称my mine 第二人称your yours第三人称his his her hers its its复数第一人称our ours 第二人称your yours 第三人称their theirs(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特征,在句中用作定语,后面接名词.Our school is not far from here.我们学校离这儿不远.(2)英语中表示身体所有的或随身携带的物主代词一般不可省略,而汉语中有时可以省略.He put on his hat and left.他戴上帽子就走了.(3)形容词性物主代词与own连用时表示强调.I saw it with my own eyes.那是我亲眼看见的.(4)下面结构中,必须要用定冠词the代替形容词性物主代词(不可用物主代词).touch sb. on the head 摸某人的头hit sb. on the head 打某人的头hit sb. on the nose打某人的鼻子strike/hit sb. in the face/chest 打某人的脸／胸部take/catch/pull/sb. by the head/arm抓住某人的头／手3.名词性物主代词的用法名词性物主代词具有名词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语.它还可以构成“a/an/this/that/some/no+名词＋of+名词性物主代词”句型,在这个句型中,名词性物主代词在句中作定语.(1)作主语.Ours is the best team in the league.我们的队在联赛中是最强的队.Our room is on the first floor and yours(theirs) is on the second.我们的房间在一楼,你们的(他们的)在二楼.(2)作表语.The books over there are not mine. They are hers.那边的书不是我的,是她的.Whose jacket is this? It's hers.这是谁的上衣?这是她的.(3)作宾语.You may have my pen, I'll have his.你可以用我的钢笔,我用他的.I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours.我的字典丢了,请把你的借给我.(4)名词性物主代词与of连用可做定语.That son of hers is very naughty.她的那个儿子很淘气.This painting of his is well painted.他的这幅画画得很好.(三)指示代词英语中用来表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示概念的代词称为指示代词.常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those, such, same等.1.this,that,these,those的用法;在句中可作主语、宾语、定语或表语(1)作主语.This is my doll. That is Mary's.这是我的洋娃娃,那是玛丽的.Those are his books.那些是他的书.(2)作宾语.Do you like these?你喜欢这些吗?We should always keep this in mind.我们应当永远记住这一点.(3)作定语.I want this radio.我要这台收音机.We are busy these days,这些日子我们很忙.This magazine is about Chinese poetry.这本杂志是关于中国诗歌的.(4)作表语.Oh, it's not that.噢,不是那样的.What I want is this(that).我要的是这个(那个).2.this(these)和that(those)的用法区别(1)this(的复数形式是these),是指时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或物. that(复数形式是those),是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物.This is Mr. Smith and that is Mr. Black.这位是史密斯先生,那位是布莱克先生.These are jeeps. Those are trucks.这些是吉普车,那些是卡车.(2)that/those有时用来代替前面说过的名词,以避免重复.The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that(=the weather) in Beijing.上海的天气没有北京那么冷.City people stand closer than those who live in the country.城里人比那些住在乡村的人彼此站得更靠近.(3)that/those指前面讲过的事物,this/these指下面要讲的事物.I had a bad cold. That's why I didn't come.我得了重感冒,所以没来.This is the latest news from the United States.下面是来自美国的最新消息.3.such的用法指示代词such表示“如此的,如此的事物”,具有名词和形容词的性质,在句子中可用作主语、定语、表语、宾语等.(1)作主语.Such is life.生活就是这样.Such is our study plan.这就是我们的学习计划.Such were his words.这就是他讲的话.(2)作定语.I don't like such a book.我不喜欢这样的书.Such water is quite clean.这样的水很干净.点拨such作定语时,它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词,这个不定冠词应放在such之后.如:such a play, such abook(3)作表语.The birds were such as I never saw before.这样的鸟,我从未见过.The problems are such that we can't solve by ourselves.这样的问题,我们自己是解决不了的.(4)作宾语Take from the drawer such as you need.你需要什么,就从抽屉里拿吧.If you act like a child, you will be treated as such.你要是这样孩子气,人家就把你当孩子看待了.4.same的用法same(同样的)也是指示代词,使用时same之前必须用定冠词the.它也具有名词和形容词的性质,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等.(1)作主语.The same can be said of the other article.另一篇文章也是同样情况.The same happened to me.我也发生了同样的情况.(2)作宾语.She went to swim and I did the same.她去游泳,我也去了.Whatever I did, he tried to do the same.无论我做什么,他也想跟着做什么.(3)作表语.His name and mine are the same.他和我同名.Our ideas are exactly the same.我们的想法完全一个样.(4)作定语.The students are doing the same thing.学生们在做同样的事情.(5)作状语.Thank you all the same.我还是要谢谢你.(四)反身代词1.反身代词的分类反身代词是表示动作回到其执行者本身或是强调代词或名词的一组代词.反身代词是由人称代词第一人称和第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称的宾格加“-self”或“-selves”构成.列表如下:单数复数第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself他自己herself 她自己itself 它自己themselves他们／她们／它们自己(1)作表语.She will be herself again in no time.她很快就会好的. That poor boy was myself.那可怜的孩子就是我.(2)作宾语.Did they enjoy themselves last Sunday?他们上个星期天玩得高兴吗?Make yourself at home.别客气,就像在家一样.(3)作主语或宾语的同位语.在作同位语时,反身代词多可译为“本人”(或“本身”).但有时为了加强语气,常译为“自己”或“亲自”.起强调作用时,反身代词可以放在被强调词之后,也可以放在句末.Nobody taught him drawing. He learned it himself. 没有人教他绘画,他是自学的.You'd better ask the teacher yourself (himself).你最好亲自问老师.(你最好问老师本人.)Our guide buys some food from the villagers and we cook it ourselves.我们的向导从村民那里买来一些食物,我们自己烹调.3.反身代词的用法(1)反身代词用来加强语气.反身代词用于强调时,经常做主语或者宾语的同位语,一般放在所强调的名词或代词后面,如果不影响理解,做同位语的反身代词的位置也可以灵活处理.Peter himself closed the window.(=Peter closed the window himself.)彼得亲自关上了窗户.(2)反身代词用于固定搭配中.in oneself本身,本质上of oneself 独自to oneself供自己用between ourselves 私下说的话(不可告诉别人)for oneself替自己,为自己amuse oneself自娱excuse oneself自我辩解call oneself自称help oneself to 随便吃enjoy oneself过得很快活teach oneself自学speak to oneself自言自语devote oneself to 献身于lose oneself=lose one's way 迷路make oneself understood 让别人懂自己的意思seat oneself=sit down=be seated坐下(五)相互代词1.用来表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词英语中相互代词只有each other和one another两个,意为“相互,互相”.each other主要用于两者之间,one another主要用于三者或三者以上之间.但在现代英语中常可通用.宾格所有格each other 相互each other's相互的one another 相互one another's相互的2.相互代词的用法(1)作动词的宾语.The two girls help each other in their lessons.这两个女孩在功课上互相帮助.They saw each other every day.他们每天相见.(2)作介词的宾语.They looked at each other.他们互相看着.You two should learn from each other.你们两人应互相学习.(3)相互代词的所有格形式只能作定语.They looked into each other's (one another's) eyes for a long time.他们彼此对视了很长时间.They know each other's parents.他们都认识对方的父母.(六)疑问代词1.疑问代词是指用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见的有who, whom, whose, what, which. who常用作主语和表语,whom作宾语,whose, what, which可用作主语、表语、宾语或定语.疑问代词还可用来引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句,所以它们又可称为连接代词.疑问代词有格的变化,还有指人和指物的区别.主格宾格所有格指人who whom whose指物what whose指人或物which whose(1)who ,whom的用法.who只能指人,常作主语和表语,只有名词性质.在非正式英文和口语中,who可以代替whom,但介词后面要用whom; whom也指人,常用作宾语,也只有名词性质.Who would you like to go with?你想和谁一起去?Who are you looking for?你在找谁?By whom was the house built?这房子是谁建的?Who(Whom)are you waiting for?你在等谁?Who (Whom) did you go to the movie with?你同谁一起去看电影的?(2)whose的用法.whose和物主代词一样,具有名词和形容词的性质,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.Whose is better?谁的好一些?Whose is this?这是谁的?Whose are you going to borrow?你准备借谁的?Whose room is this?这是谁的房间?(3)what的用法.what表示“什么(人或物)”,可用作单数和复数,具有名词和形容词性质,作主语、宾语、表语和定语等.What is happening now?发生什么事了?What do you usually do on Sundays?你星期天通常做什么?What would you like to buy?你想买点什么东西?What's your father?你父亲是干什么的?What time do you usually get up?你通常几点钟起床?点拨what可用来指人的职业;what可用于感叹句;what与like连用表示“······怎么样”如:What is your sister? She is a doctor.你姐姐是干什么的?她是一名医生.What does your father do? He is an engineer.你父亲是做什么工作的?他是一名工程师.What a fine day today!今天天气真好啊！What a pretty girl she is!她真是个美丽的女孩！What is the weather like today?今天天气如何?(4)which的用法.which表示“在一定范围内的哪一个(哪一些)人或物”,可用作单数和复数,具有名词和形容词的性质,用作主语、定语、宾语等.Which is yours?哪一个是你的?(主语)Which sport do you like best?你最喜欢哪一项运动?(定语)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你喜欢哪种,茶还是咖啡?(宾语)点拨(1)who, what, which作表语(指人)时的区别:who问人的身份,多指姓名、关系.what问人的职业.which问在一定范围内的人群中特指的人.(2)what和which作定语时的区别:what指“什么”“哪种”,不限制范围.which指在相当数目中的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定范围内.(3)疑问代词作主语时,后面的谓语动词可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式,主要看代表的人或物是单数还是复数.(七)不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词(或形容词)的代词叫做不定代词.不定代词有:some一些(可数或不可数) somebody某人someone某人something某物,某事any一些,任何anybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事物no无nobody无人no one无一人nothing无物all全体,全部both两个neither两者都不none没有人或物either(两者中)任何一个each每个every每个everybody每人,大家,人人everyone每人everything每一个事物,一切other(s)另一个(些) another另外一个,又一个much很多(不可数) many很多(可数) few很少(可数)a few一些,几个(可数) little很少(不可数) a little一些(不可数)one一个(人或物)不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some, any, no, every和-thing,-body,-one构成的复合不定代词(如somebody等)只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语.1.some的用法(1)some通常指不定数量“一些”,修饰或代替可数名词复数或不可数名词,既可指人,又可指物.常用在肯定句中.There are some animals on the island.这个岛上有一些动物.Give me some water, please.请给我一些水.(2)some也可用在“请求、建议、反问”等含义的疑问句中,以期得到肯定的回答.Didn't he give you some books?难道他没有给你一些书?(3)some有时可修饰可数名词单数,表示“某个”.This morning, some boy asked for you.今天上午,有个男孩要求见你.(4)some也可修饰数词,表示“大约”.It took me some twenty days to get there.我大约花了20天时间才到达那里.2.any的用法(1)不定代词any和some一样表示不定数量“一些”,修饰和代替可数名词复数和不可数名词,既可指人又可指物.但一般用在否定句、疑问句、条件从句中.Do you have any questions? If you have any, don't hesitate to ask me.你有什么问题吗?如果你有问题的话,尽管问我好了.There isn't any tea left. I'll go and make some for you.没有茶了,我去给你泡一些.(2)用于肯定句中,表示“任何一个”,修饰可数名词单数和不可数名词.You can buy this book at any bookstore in our city.你可以在我们市里任何一家书店买到这本书.Any child can answer that question.任何一个小孩都能回答那个问题.3.no的用法(1)不定代词no只有形容词性质,一般作定语来构成否定句,表示“不是”“没有”.She knows no English.(=She doesn't know English at all.)她根本不懂英语.He has no brothers.(=He doesn't have any brothers.)他没有兄弟.(no等于not any)(2)用于警告、命令等.No Parking!禁止停车！(3)修饰表语时,有特殊的意思.试比较:I am no teacher.我不善于教书.I am not a teacher.我不是教师.4.none的用法none只具有名词性质,可以代替人和事物,表示“三者(以上)都不”“没有一个人(一件事物)······”.作主语时,如果谈到的是所有人的情况,动词多用复数形式;如果谈每个人的状况,则多用单数形式.None of us are/is afraid of difficulties.我们谁也不怕困难.None of them has a bike.他们谁也没有自行车.None of the machines is/are working.这些机器都不能工作.We none of us can sing this song.我们中没人能唱这支歌.点拨none和neither的区别:none表示“在三个或三个以上当中,没有人或物······”,而neither指“在两个当中,没有人或物”.如:None of the students has ever read the book.学生中没有谁读过这本书.(不止两个学生)Neither of my parents has ever read the book.我父母亲都没读过这本书.both表示“两者都”,具有名词和形容词的性质,可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语.作主语时谓语动词用复数.Both would like to have a try.两人都想试一试.(作主语)We asked both to put forward their suggestions.我们要两人都提出建议.(作宾语)Give us some bread. We both want to try a bit.给我们一些面包.我们俩都想尝尝.(同位语)Both men were interested in the job.两个人都对这项工作感兴趣.(作定语)点拨(1)both后常跟短语,其后用复数名词或代词,后接复数名词时of常省略,后接复数代词时of则不省略. Both(of)the films were very good.两部电影都很好.点拨(2)相当于名词时,在句中还用作同位语,与复数名词或复数代词同位.在句中的位置取决于谓语动词的形式.作主语同位语时,如谓语为完全动词(包括用作完全动词的have),both位于主语之后、谓语动词之前.We both had a haircut.我俩都理了发.(3)如谓语部分为系表结构,both则位于连系动词之后和表语之前.The children were both too young.这两个孩子都太小了.(4)如谓语是含有助动词或情态动词的动词短语,both则位于助动词或情态动词之后.My parents have both been invited.我父母都受到了邀请.You must both come over some evening.你俩一定要找个晚上过来坐车.(5)作宾语同位语时,位于宾语之后.They told us both to wait.他们告诉我俩都等一等.I've met them both before.我以前见过他俩.6.all的用法(1)当all作主语时,代表三个以上的人,谓语动词用复数形式;指事物或情况时,往往表示“一切”“所有的”的意思,常被看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式.当all作定语时,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词.all具有名词和形容词性质,常表示“全体”“所有的”“一切”的意思;在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语或状语.All are here.大家都到了.(主语,all指人)All is known.一切都明白了.(主语,all指事物,不可数)She has told me all about it.她把一切都告诉我了.(作宾语)Is that all you can help me?这就是你能帮助我做的事吗?(表语)All the apples in that box are rotten.那箱子里所有的苹果都烂了.(定语)They have all gone to America.他们全都到美国去了.(同位语)He is all excited.他非常激动.(作状语,加强语气)(2)当all用作主语时,如果后面跟有人称代词,须在它们之间加上of;如果后面跟的是名词,它们之间可加of,也可不加.All of them are from Beijing.他们全都是北京人.(them为人称代词,of不能省略)All(of)the books are here.所有的书都在这儿.(books为名词,of可省略)(3)当all作同位语时,它在句中的位置随谓语动词而定.当谓语动词是实义动词时,all放在动词前面;谓语动词是be时,all放在be后面;谓语动词是由情态动词或助动词加实义动词组成时,all放在它们之间.They all know the answer.他们都知道这答案.They are all students.他们都是学生.You can all go home.你们都可以回家了.(4)当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:you all, them all, us all.I'll have to think them all again.我得将它们重新考虑一次.7.each的用法each具有名词和形容词性质,指每个人或事物的个别情况,相当于汉语的“各个”.在句中可用作主语、定语、宾语和同位语.Each of the boys has a bike.每个男孩都有一辆自行车.(作主语,强调个体,每一个).There are flowers on each side of the river.河两岸都是花.(作定语)Two men came and I gave a book to each.两个人来了,我给他们每人一本书.(作宾语)The teacher gave the pupils four textbooks each.教师给每个学生四本教科书.(作同位语)We each have a new schoolbag now.现在我们每人都有一个新书包.(作同位语)好题精练一、用所给的汉语提示填空1.We want__________ (他们)to help us.2.This is__________ (我的)book. That is__________ (你的).3.This doesn't look like__________ (我的)dictionary, it must be__________ (你的).4. __________ (他)often helps__________ (我们)with__________ (我们的)lessons.5.Is this book__________ (你的)?No, it's not__________ (我的).It's__________ (她的).6.I'll work out the problem__________ (我自己)．7.Who are__________ (他们)? __________ (他们)are__________ (我们的)new classmates.8. __________ (她)is very honest. __________ (我们)may depend on__________ (她)9.These books are very important to__________ (我)．10. __________ (我父亲)goes to work by bus every day.答案：1.them2.my,yours3.my,yours4.He,us,our5.yours,mine,hers6.myself7.they,They,our8.She,We,her9.me 10.My father二、选择括号中适当的词填空1. __________ of them knows Japanese.(Neither, Both)2.We study Chinese, English, maths and__________ subjects.(the others, other)3.Don't hurry. There is__________ time left.(little, a little)4.“Is there__________ wrong with your bike?"“Yes, there is__________ wrong with it."(something, anything)5.I don't like this one. Please give me__________.(another, other)6.(He, His, Her)name is Jack. __________ (She, He, His) is a cook.7.He's invited to__________ parties.(a lot of, lots)8.This box is heavier than that__________.(one, ones)9.We must get__________ ready before setting off.(everything, anything)10. __________ of us is afraid of difficulties.(None, All)11.Do you mind if I ask you__________ questions?(few, a few)12.There are many trees on__________ sides of the street in Beijing.(all, both)13.Would you like__________ tea or coffee?(some, any)14.Did they spend__________ money on their trip to Hangzhou?(many, much)15.There's__________ wrong with you, but I'm afraid you're eating too(anything, nothing; many, much)16.Please show__________ (me, I, mine) the way.17.Which of__________ shirts are Tom's?(these, this, that)18.Did__________ ask for me when I was out?(somebody, anybody)19.She's very popular. __________ likes her.(Someone, Everyone)20.“It's going to snow,” the old woman said to__________.(her, herself, hers)答案：1.Neither2.other3.a little4.anything, something5.another6.His,He7.a lot of8.one9.everything 10.None11.a few 12.both 13.some 14.much 15.nothing,much16.me 17.these 18.anybody 19.Everyone 20.herself三、选择填空1. __________ is no use telling him about it.A. TheseB. ThoseC. ItD. They2.We have__________ work to do.A. manyB. a fewC. a lot of D .any3.-How about these two films?-__________ of them are very interesting.A. NeitherB. EitherC. AllD. Both4.The sentence__________ is wrong.A. himselfB. herselfC. itselfD. it5.Is there__________ in today's newspaper?A. anything interestingB. interesting anythingC. something interestingD. interesting something6. __________ like music.A. Both of chem.B. Both of theyC. The both girlsD. Both them7.-What would you like to have, tea or milk?-__________.I'd like to have a glass of water.A. EachB. NeitherC. EitherD. Both8.Mary has made__________ Chinese friends since she came to Beijing.A. a fewB. a littleC. a lotD. lots9. __________ do you like best, bread, rice or noodles?A. WhatB. WhichC. WhoD. Whom10." __________ came to see you yesterday afternoon.”“Who was__________?”A. Somebody; heB. Somebody; sheC. Somebody; itD. Anybody; the one11.I asked her for__________ ink, but she did not have__________.A. any; someB. any; anyC. some; anyD. some; some12. __________ of us went to the Summer Palace except Lin Tao.A. SomeB. EitherC. AllD. Every13.of us has read the story.A. SomeB. BothC. AllD. None14.Our teacher asked us to be strict with__________ in English study.A. oursB. ourC. ourselvesD. oneselves15.Everyone should do__________ best.A. itsB. onesC. theirD. his16. __________ work is heavy, but__________ is heavier than__________A. Our; their; ourB. Our; theirs; oursC. Ours; theirs; ourD. Our; their; ours17.Except Mrs. Lee and__________, no one was old in the waiting room.A. hisB. herC.ID. she18. __________ is a close friend of__________ aunt's.A. She; mineB. Her; mineC. She; myD. Hers; my19.None of us saw how it happened, so we had to ask the boy__________ about his good deeds. But he just gave us a smile.A. himB. himselfC. his ownD. his20.He is a good student. But__________ on hand, he is in poor health.A. otherB. the otherC. other'sD. others答案：1-5CCDCA 6-10ABABC 11-15CCDCD 16-20BBCBB。
第二讲 代词
不定代词分块讲解区分
the other, another, others, the others, another的区分
第一步：other是形容词，修饰名词，其它是代词.第二步：the other, another是另一个 others, the others是另一些第三步：带有定冠词the表示无剩余部分，不带the表示有剩余
如图所示
如图所示
不定代词分块讲解区分
复合不定代词
词缀
-one
-body
-thing
some
someone
somebody
something
any
anyone
anybody
anything
every
everyone
everybody
everything
no
no one
nobody
nothing
思考题：each 和 every 的区别
each强调个体,描述2者及以上，可与of连every强调整体,描述三者及以上，不可与of连
试体会：She knows every teacher in the school.
不定代词分块讲解区分
few, a few 修饰可数名词little, a little 修饰不可数名词few, little表否定，几乎没有a few, a little表肯定，有一点
第二讲
代词
Valentina
定义
What is pronoun?
01
学习热身
一、将所给人称代词的宾格形式和反身代词写在横线处it—_________—__________they—_________—_________she—_________—_________he—_________—__________I—__________—___________we—_________—__________二、将所给人称代词的形容词物主代词和名词性物主代词写在横线处I ________—_________you _________—_________she _________—_________he__________—_________they________—__________we________—___________
基础英语-代词
第二讲代词代词用来代替名词或名词词组，在句中用以避免名词的重复。
因此，代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上取得一致。
代词分类(1)人称代词，如：I，you，they，it等。
(2)物主代词，如：my，your，his，their，its，our，mine，hers等。
(3)反身代词，如：myself，yourself，itself，himself，ourselves，themselves等。
(4)相互代词如：each other, one another(5)指示代词如：this, that, these, those, such, same(6)疑问代词，如：who，whom，which，what，whose等。
(7)关系代词，如：who，whom，whose，that，which等。
(8)不定代词some，any，no，all，one，every，much，many，little，a little，few，a few，either，both，something，anything，somebody，anybody，nobody等。
人称代词是指人或事物的代词。
有人称、数、格的变化。
第三人称单数的人称代词还有性的变化。
人称代词列表第一人称单数I me 我第二人称单数you you 你第三人称单数he him 他（阳性）she her 她（阴性）it it 它第一人称复数we us 我们第二人称复数you you 你们第三人称复数they them 他们、她们、它们人称代词的句法功能一. 作主语（用主格形式）We are cooks.我们是厨师。
二. 作表语（用主格形式）It's I.是我。
注意：在正式场合中，当表语的代词应采用主格形式。
但是在口语习惯上人们常用宾格形式。
如：It's me.三. 作宾语（用宾格形式）This is my hat. Do you like it?这是我的帽子。
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内容基本要求代词一、人称代词和物主代词的用法； 二、反身代词的人称和数的变化； 三、指示代词及其单复数；四、 正确运用关系代词和疑问代词简单不定代词的用法讲解 五、 复合不定代词的用法讲解 六、 相互代词的用法讲解 七、代词it 的用法讲解一、 人称代词1. 人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。
如 I like table tennis. （作主语）中考要求知识讲解词法：代词Do you know him?（作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如：---Who is knocking at the door?---It‘s me.4. 人称代词在than 之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。
如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.5. 人称代词的顺序；几个人称代词并列做主语时，它们的顺序是单数形式（二三一）you，he and I复数形式（一二三）we ,you and they但是当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前，you 在最后。
口诀：单数二三一，复数一二三，受到批评我在前，承认错误你在后。
例如：You, he and I are all the winners.I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project.二、物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。
例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.3. 名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已提及的名词重复，其作用相当于名词并=―形容词性物主代词+名词‖，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）4. 名词性物主代词可以用在of 后做定语，相当于―of+名词所有格‖表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。
e.g.: He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友。
真题回放1. His MP3 is the same as , but it is more expensive.A. himB. mineC. my2. Is there any difference between your idea and ______ ?A. heB. hisC. she3. ---Is this the Greens‘ house?---No, ______ is over there.A. HisB. TheirC. Their4. ---Is this kite ______ , Tom?---Ye s, it‘s mine. It‘s made by ______ .A. yours, myselfB. mine, myselfC. ours, himself5. ---Are the keys over there ______ ?---No, Go and ask Anna. They may belong to her.A. youB. yourC. yours6. —What a nice MP5! Whose is it?—It‘s __ . My father bought it for me.A. meB. himC. mine7. —Lucy‘s skirt is black. What about—A. youB. yourC. yours8. —Bob! Is this your dictionary?—No, it isn‘t. Ask Sally. She is looking for_______.A. hisB. hersC. mine9. – Is Miss White ______ English teacher, Maria?– No, she teaches ______ geography.A. your; myB. you; mineC. your; us10. —Who is the best friend of ______ at school?—I think Helen is. We often help each other.A. mineB. hisC. yours三、反身代词英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示:人称单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourself yourselves第三人称himself herself itself themselves反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。
1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He called himself a writer．Would you please express yourself in English?2. 作表语。
It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon．The girl in the news is myself．3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。
I myself washed the clothes（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）4. 在一句话之中第二次出现的代词。
He knows himself well.5.反身代词常用的短语teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself=have a good time =have fun 玩的高兴help oneself to 随便吃come to oneself 苏醒真题回放1. —How was the evening party yesterday?—We enjoyed ______ very much.B. ourselvesC. itsD. itself2. His name is James but he calls ______ Jim.A. hisB. himselfC. himD. /3. ---Betty, help ______ to some soup.---Thanks a lot.A. youB. yourC. yourselfD. yours4. ---Help ______ to some fish, my boy.---Thanks.A. youB. yoursC. yourself5. College students are old enough to teach ______.A. themB. theirC. themselvesD. they四指示代词指示代词：表示时间和空间远近关系的代词叫指示代词。
见下表:这,这个那，那个这些那些this that these those1.this 和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that 和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人。
例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil．We are busy these days．In those days the workers had a hard time．2. 有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。
例如：I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.What I want to say is this : pronunciation is very important in learning English．3有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that 或those 代替。
例如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．4.this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。
例如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?真题回放1. The machines made in China are cheaper than ______ made in Japan.A. onesB. thatC. thoseD. it2. ---Look! What‘s ______ in the sky?---It looks like a kite.A. thisB. thatC. those3. —Have you found your lost mobile phone?—No, I haven‘t found ___________, but I bought ___________ this morning.A. one; thatB. that; oneC. it; oneD. one; it五、疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what 和which 等。
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。
例如：疑问词意思用法when 什么时间问时间what time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟who 谁问人whose 谁的问主人where 在哪里问地点which 哪一个问选择why 为什么问原因what 什么问东西、事物what color 什么颜色问颜色what about ……怎么样问意见what day 星期几问星期几what date 什么日期问日期how ……怎么样问情况how old 多大年纪问年龄how many 多少数量（可数名词）问数量how much 多少钱，多少数量问多少钱或数量（不可数）（不可数名词）how about ……怎么样问意见how often 多久问频率how long 多长时间问时间长度how far 多远问多远；多长距离真题回放—_______ did you buy for your mom for Mother‘s Day?—Some flowers.A.HowB. WhereC. WhatIt is 10-minute walk from you home to school.(对划线部分提问)______________________________________________________________.It‘s Monday._______________________________________________________________.It‘s September 8th, 2015._______________________________________________________________.六、关系代词连接代词：用来连接宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句的代词叫连接代词。