【4年高考】江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编：名词

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2014年高考真题——英语(江苏卷)解析版 Word版含解析(单选和作文)

2014江苏高考英语卷答案解析21.Lessons can be learned to face the future, history cannot be changed.A.thoughB. asC. sinceD. unless21.A. 本题考察连词用法。

根据句意结合常识来判断，A选项更合理：“尽管历史无法改变，教训却能够被吸取来面对未来。

”B选项也有尽管的意思，但用于“n/adj/adv+as+主谓”结构中。

C选项是最大干扰项，“既然，由于”。

似乎说得通，但是题干前后两句并非因果关系。

D 选项相当于if not.22.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must.A. whichB.whenC.asD. where22. D. 本题考察定语从句关系词的用法。

其解题的突破口是先行词的判断及句子成分的分析。

本题先行词为work，可以理解为抽象的地点；而从句部分不缺主语也不缺宾语，因此可以排除关系代词，而选择可以做状语的关系副词where. 句意为“这本书在日常交际中给予我很大的帮助，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中。

”23.---How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?--- Well, the media it in a variety of forms.A.coverB. will coverC.have coveredD.covered23. C. 本题考察时态的用法。

“你了解将在南京举行的青奥会么？”“各大媒体已进行了全方位的报道。

”24.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay .A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion24.C. 本题考察介词短语。

2024_2025三年高考英语真题分项汇编专题01冠词名词

专题01 冠词、名词2024年高考真题1.（2024新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 答案：the解析：考查冠词。

句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。

本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。

故填the。

2．（2024全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。

句意：他的一位挚友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。

依据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个挚友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。

故填A。

3.（2024全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆实行了一系列活动。

特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。

故填the。

4.（2024年浙江 1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

2014年高考英语语法专项训练--名词

名词一、知识储备对名词的考查大都集中在对名词的语义中，放在具体语境汇中进行考察，同时也对名词固定短语的运用力度也很大，备考时应注意高频名词的用法区别。

二、考点及考察频率语义（52/91）固定搭配 (17/91）同义词辨析 (11/91）名词做定语 (2/91）常用不可数名词（2/91）常用可数名词（2/91）单复数形式的意义不同(2/91)所有格（1/91）名词的复数形式（1/91）专有名词（1/91）三、知识考点考察梯度语义：高二You'll find this map of great_____in helping you to get roundLondon.A.priceB.costC.valueefulnessMany countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of_____.A. energyB. sourceC. powerD. Material高三语义The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you anydirect __A. solutionB. targetC. measureD. FunctionThe doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so hehas a very good_____.A.expectationB. reputationC. contributio nD. CivilizationThis restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastesand pockets.A. divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circleAfter the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture.Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.（2010山东卷33）A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. ShelterThe school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you anydirect __A. solutionB. targetC. measureD. FunctionThe doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so hehas a very good_____.A.expectationB. reputationC. contributionD. CivilizationThis restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastesand pockets.A. divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circleAfter the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture.Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. ShelterFrom their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view ofthe city.A. stageB. positionC. conditionD. situationI’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late .A. traditionB. convenienceC. habitD. leisure——He says that my new car is a __________ of money.—— Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?A. lackB. loadC. questionD. wasteThe system has been designed to give students quick and easy________ to the digitalresources of the library .A. B. passage C. way D. approachTo save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in ourschool started a discussion “Save Our _____”.A. SkyB. LifeC. ArtsD. VoicesThe young man made a ______to his parents that he would try to earn his own livingafter graduation.A. predictionB. promiseC. planD. contributionThe top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_____.A. atmosphereB. stateC. situationD. phenomenon---Shall we go out for a walk?--- Sorry. This is not the right ____ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.A. momentB. situationC. placeD. chanceI bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real ____.A. exchangeB. bargainC. tradeD. businessMany Chinese universities pro vided scholarships for students ____ financial aid.A. in favour ofB. in honour ofC. in face ofD. in need of.Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ____ like coal, gas and oil.A. fuelsB. articlesC. goodsD. productsAt the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the trainwas _____.A. out of sightB. out of reachC. out of orderD. out of placeThe practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ____ in many partsof the city.A. lookB. signC. sightD. appearanceOf the seven days in the a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular ____ fora wedding in some countries. 2007浙江A. wayB. situationC. eventD. choiceAIDS control and prevention is a ______to China as well as the whole world．A．surprise B．challenge C．reaction D．threatHealth problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ____ of exercise.A. limitB. lackC. needD. demandMy morning ____ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.A. drillB. actionC. regulationD. routineAlways read the ____ on tile bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductionsTo make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their___ and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. techniquesD. valuesThe _____on his face told me that he was angry.A. impressionB. sightC. appearanceD. expressionFinding information in today’s world is easy. The _____is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A. abilityB. competitionC. challengeD. knowledge--- If you like I can do some shopping for you.--- That’s a very kind _____.A. offerB. serviceC. pointD. suggestionYou have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _____.A. dateB. shapeC. orderD. balanceWhen Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ____ was the fear of water.A. evidenceB. crisisC. obstacleD. dangerThe classroom is big enough _____, but we'll have to move if we have more students.A．for the moment B．on the moment C．in a moment D．for a momentThe head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ____ all over the country. A．companies B．branches C．organizations D．businessesHe proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. characterUsually a child's behavior is a ___ of his family environment.A recognition B. reflection C. return D. recordWe need to consider what _____ we will be using for language training.A. abilitiesB. appliancesC. facilities(设备，设施)D. qualitiesThe environmentalists and wild goats' ____ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.A. escapeB. absenceC. attendanceD. appearanceIn dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the _____in personality.A. contactB. contrastC. connectionD. conflictChinese arts have won the _____ of a lot of people outside China.A. enjoymentB. appreciationC. entertainmentD. reputationThe collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult _____.A. occasionB. caseC. situationD. backgroundMore and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great ___ of goods.A. varietyB. mixtureC. extensionD. combination--- I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke, I was very tired.--- There is no ____ for this while you are on duty.A. reasonB. excuseC. causeD. explanationOne of the consequences of our planet's being warming up is a(n)_____ in the number of natural disasters.A. resultB. accountC. reasonD. increaseLife is tough in the city. In order to lose their ____, some people drink alcohol.A. temperB. moodC. consciousnessD. pressuresFor the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to move to a warm ＿＿ .A. weatherB. temperatureC. seasonD. climateIt can’t be a(n) ＿＿ that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.A. coincidenceB. accidentC. incidentD. chanceEvery new ____ has the possibility of making or losing money.A. eventB. impactC. factD. cause---Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?---No, it's out of ____.A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distanceThe life of London is made up of many different ____.A. elementsB. sectionsC. materialsD. realitiesThis is not a match. We're playing chess just for ______.A．habit B．hobby C．fun D．gameSome of the passengers told the reporters about their _______ in the burning train.A. detailsB. tripsC. eventsD. experiencesThe rescue team made every _______ to find the missing mountain climber.A. forceB. energyC. effortD. Possibility固定搭配高一___ danger man is often much wiser than usual.A. In a time ofB. In the times ofC. In the time ofD. In time of高二If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a ______.A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. noticeHere's my card. Let's keep in _____.A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendshipWe have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _____.A. factB. realityC. practiceD. deed高三James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A.roomB. areaC. fieldD. PositionLast year the number of studects who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) of 40,000 per year.A.averageB.numberC.amountD.quantity What’s the ____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?A. senseB. matterC. caseD. Opinion Dogs have a very good______of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. senseB. viewC. meansD. ideaDespite such a big difference in _____towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.A. pointB. ideaC. attitudeD. sightI can’t say which wine is beat—it’s a (n) _____of personal taste.A．affair B．event C．matter D．varietyAt tile meeting they discussed three different ____to the study of mathematics.A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. waysI keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children's _____.A. reachB. handC. holdD. placeDon't leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _____of little children.A．hand B．reach C．space D．distanceThe manager has got a good business _____ so the company is do ing well．A．idea B．sense C．thought D．thinkingIf you're driving to the airport，can you give me a _____ ？A．hand B．seat C．drive D．LiftAccording to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily ____ and effect. (2002上海)A. reasonB. impactC. factD. causeNo matter what you do, you should put your _____ into it.A．mind B．heart C．brain D．thoughtThere are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question.A．means B．directions C．views D．Ways同义词辨析高三Last year the number of studects who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) of 40,000 per year.A.averageB.numberC.amountD.quantityOne thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but w ould help cover my living ____.A. billsB. expensesC. pricesD. charges— You are always full of ______. Can you tell me the secret?—Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. energyHe and his wife are of the same _____; they both want their son to go to college.A. soulB. spiritC. hea rtD. mindSchool children must be taught how to deal with dangerous _____.A. statesB. conditionsC. situationsD.positionsMy ____ of this weekend's activity is going out with some good friends.A. ideaB. opinionC. mindD. thoughtPerhaps we need to clear away these books to make _____ for our new students．A．place B．area C．space D．room"I don't think it's my _____ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on, that's all, "said the boy.A. errorB. mistakeC. faultD. dutyI saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and on that ＿＿ he was simply brilliant.A scene B. circumstance C. occasion D. situationEverybody believes he will be the winner of the 100-metre _______ .A. matchB. competitionC. contestD. race名词做定语高二He dropped the___ and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee's cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup高三The ___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A．bicycle's shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D．bicycles' shop 常用不可数高一Father went to his doctor for _____ about his heart trouble.A. an adviceB. adviceC. advicesD. the advices高二He gained his _____by printing_____of famous writers.A.wealth;workB.wealths worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works常用可数高一Have you ever seen ______ as tall as this one?A. a treeB. such treeC. an treeD. tree高二He gained his _____by printing_____of famous writers.A.wealth;workB.wealths worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works单复数形式意义不同高一Tables are made of ______.A. woodB. woodsC. woodenD. some woodsThat table is made of ____.A. a woodB. some woodC. the woodD. Wood所有格高二He dropped the___ and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee's cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup高三The ___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A．bicycle's shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D． b icycles' shop 名词的复数形式高一______ turn green in spring.A. LeafB. LeafsC. LeaveD. Leaves专有名词高一My father told me he was soon going to visit ____ .A. the United StateB. the United StatesC. United StatesD. United State四、易错题What’s the ____ of having a public open space where you can’t eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?A. senseB. matterC. caseD. opinionThe practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ____ in many parts of the city.A. lookB. signC. sightD. appearanceDespite such a big difference in _____towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something sp ecial.A. pointB. ideaC. attitudeD. sightAIDS control and prevention is a ______to China as well as the whole world．A．surprise B．challenge C．reaction D．ThreatHe and his wife are of the same _____; they both want their son to go to college.A. soulB. spiritC. heartD. mindMy morning ____ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.A. drillB. actionC. regulationD. routineAt tile meeting they discussed three different ____to the study of mathematics.A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. ways--- If you like I can do some shopping for you.--- That’s a very kind _____.A. offerB. serviceC. pointD. suggestionWe need to consider what _____ we will be using for language training.A. abilitiesB. appliancesC. facilities(设备，设施)D. qualities Chinese arts have won the _____ of a lot of people outside China.A. enjoymentB. appreciationC. entertainmentD. reputationPerhaps we need to clear away these books to make _____ for our new students．A．place B．area C．space D．roomI saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and on that ＿＿ he was simply brilliant.A scene B. circumstance C. occasion D. situationAccording to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily ____ and effect.A. reasonB. impactC. factD. cause---Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?---No, it's out of ____.A. rangeB. reachC. controlD. distanceThe life of London is made up of many different ____.A. elementsB. sectionsC. materialsD. realitiesThe ___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A．bicycle's shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D．bicycles' shop No matter what you do, you should put your _____ into it.A．mind B．heart C．brain D．thoughtThere are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question.A．means B．directions C．views D．waysHe gained his _____by printing_____of famous writers.A.wealth;workB.wealths worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;worksHe dropped the___ and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee's cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup冠词考点汇总一、知识储备冠词在江苏省几乎每年都考一题，是复习的重点。

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编任务型阅读

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编任务型阅读（2014江苏）The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?”even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teachkids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.71. feeling 72. influences 73. practical 74. unconsciously75. individuals 76. moral 77. spirit 78. habits79. independent 80. no（2013江苏）Quiet Virtue: The ConscientiousThe everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)—being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous (一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to workon time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi-skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driver who is always on time.Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are. Their reputation for dependability influences managers’ evaluations of their work, giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental when others don’t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships.When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity (自发性) are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however; without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.(2012江苏)"Happiness Advantage" EffectIn July 2010 Burt's Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormous change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kindof high-pressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with frequentmeetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands. In doing so, managers lift everyone's anxiety level, which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex ( 大脑皮层) , which is responsible for effective problem solving.Burt's Bees's then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, he'd send out an e-mail praising a team member for work related to global marketing. He'd interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the company's values. He asked me to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort. As one member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgang's emphasis on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one.That outcome shouldn't surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set(思维模式), performance on nearly every level—productivity, creativity, involvement—improves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success comes before happiness. " Once I get a promotion, 111 be happy," they think. Or, "Once I hit my sales target, IH feel great. " But because success is a moving target—as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again—the happiness that results from success does not last long.In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the "happiness advantage"—every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive. I've observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And I'm not alone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one's general sense of well-being is surprisingly unstable. The habits you form, the way you interact with colleagues, how you think about stress—all these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.71.【答案】bother/ annoy【试题解析】many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands.72.【答案】anxiety/ conern/ worry【试题解析】In doing so, managers lift everyone's anxiety level,73.【答案】considerate/ aware/ conscious【试题解析】根据文章“Burt's Bees's then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach.”他用了不同的方法。

江苏2014年高考英语试题和答案

2014年江苏高考英语试题第一节: 单项填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分)21. Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.A. thoughB. asC. sinceD. unless22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________a goodimpression is a must.A. whichB. whenC. asD. where23. —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.A. coverB. will coverC. have coveredD. covered24. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________.A. in placeB. in orderC. in shapeD. in fashion25. Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies.A. chasedB. registeredC. offeredD. compensated26. —What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.A. howB. whatC. thatD. who27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election.A. symbolB. portraitC. identityD. statue28. The idea “happiness, ” ________, will not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigidB. to be sureC. to be perfectD. to be fair29. The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.A. being givenB. having givenC. to be givenD. having been given30. —Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.—I see. I’ll go right away and ________.A. pay him backB. pay him offC. put him awayD. put him off31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could32. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.A. alsoB. justC. neverthelessD. otherwise33. Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of QuYuan.A. rememberB. remindC. recoverD. recall34. Good families are much to all their members, but ________ to none.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing35. —________ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.—Don’t look at me.A. Dear meB. Hi, thereC. Thank goodnessD. Come on第二节: 完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 20 分)Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didn’t have the time or the 41 . He had only one good suit. He tried 42 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 43 . During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. She 46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, 55 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.36. A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized37. A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction38. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment39. A. between B. during C. over D. through40. A. while B. when C. because D. though41. A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes42. A. on B. for C. in D. with43. A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing44. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining45. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free46. A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted47. A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential48. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally49. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning50. A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence51. A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming52. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact53. A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build54. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat55. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with第三部分: 阅读理解 (共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分)请阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：名词 (含详细解析)

百度文库版权所有，侵权必究【11年高考】2004-2014年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：名词二（2014安徽卷）29．— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?— That's a good .A. sayingB. questionC. suggestionD. account【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题中名词saying谚语；question问题；suggestion建议；account账户，描述；句义：—如果你没有足够的钱买新的汽车，为什么不先买一辆二手的汽车呢？—这是一个很好的建议。

根据第一句话中的Why not….?可知是在提出建议。

故C正确。

五（2014福建卷）26. —Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A. featureB. planC. costD. trick【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。

Feature特点；特征；plan计划；cost成本，费用；trick .戏法，把戏；计谋，诀窍；骗局；方法；句义：—你能告诉我们做出如此可口的蛋糕的方法吗？—我只是按照食谱上的说明方法。

根据句义可知前者询问的是做蛋糕的方法。

故D正确。

六（2014湖北卷）21. Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique【考点】考察名词词义辨析及上下文理解【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是名词词义辨析。

【整理】2014年高考英语语法专项训练名词性从句

名词性从句一、知识储备种类作用常用关联词例句主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后that,whether, if,as if, asthough, who,whose, which,how, when,where, why,what,whatever,whoever,whereverWhether he will come or notdoesn’t matter much.Whoever comes here will bewelcome.表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后It looks as if it is going tosnow.宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词He asked me which team couldwin the game.同位语从句放在名词之后(news,problem, idea, suggestion,advice, thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容You have no idea how worriedwe are.The fact that he lied againgreatly surprised us.二、考点及考查频率1．宾语从句：①连接代词 (32/101 )②连接副词(11/101 ) ③连接词(2/101)2. 主语从句：①连接代词(14/101) ②连接词(1/101)3. 表语从句：①连接副词(6/101) ②连接代词 (3/101)4. 同位语从句：(16/101)5.wh-ever引导的名词性从句：(10/101)6.that用法(6/101)（1）宾语从句连接代词高三1.How much one enjoys h imself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．A．what B．who C．how D．why2. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.名词性从句A. whoB. whereC. whatD. how3.Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.名词性从句A. whyB. whatC.howD. which4. As a new g raduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here.A. howB. whatC. WhenD. which5. Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life' s most important decision -- marriage -- almost entirely up to luck.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what6.2.The companies are working together to create _____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who7.When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.A. whatB. whyC. whomD. which8.People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how9.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ____ their parents speak at home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. one10.You can only be sure of ____you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that11.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______you want to use it for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether12.By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read．A．that B．what C．which D．whether13.--- Could you do me a favour?--- It depends on ______ it is.A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever14.–What did your parents think about your decision?–They always let me do _____ I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what15.He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ____ his teammates had done.A. whatB. whichC. whyD. while16.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which17.The way he did it was different _______ we were used to .A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which18.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which19.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ___ I thought was a dangerous speed.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that20.A modern city has been set up in ＿＿＿was a wasteland ten years ago .A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where21.I think Father would like to know ____ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how22.Afte r Yang Li wei succeeded in circl ing the earth, _______ our astronauts desireto do is walk in space.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how23.People have heard what the President has said；they are waiting to see _____ hewill do．A．how B．what C．when D．that24.—I think it’s going to be a big problem. —Yes, it could be.—I wonder ＿＿ we can do about it.A. ifB. howC. whatD. that25.When you answer questions in a job interview. Please remember the golden rule;Always give the monkey exactly ＿＿ he wants.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. that26.The mother didn't know _____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened whileshe was out.A. whoB. whenC. howD. what27.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ____.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do whatwith it28.Perseverance is a kind of quality--- and that's ____ it takes to do anything well.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why29.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. when30.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A．That B．how C．Where D．what高二31.No one can be sure _____ in a million years.A.what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like高一32.These photographs will show you ______.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like连接副词高三1.We haven’t dicussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture.名词性从句A．that B．which C．what D．where2.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew shewas so angry.名词性从句A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. why3. —It’s no use having ideas only.—Don’t worry. Peter can show you to turn an idea into an act.名词性从句A. howB. whoC. whatD. where4.— I wonder ________ you’ll water this kind of flower .—Every other day.A. how oftenB. how longC. how soonD. how much5.Mary wrote an article on _______the team had failed to win the game .A．why B．what C．who D．that6.The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when ; howB. how ; whenC. how ; howD. why ; why7.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children's future.A. thatB. howC. suchD. so高二8.—Do you remember ______ he came?—Yes, I do, he came by car.A. howB. whenC. thatD. if9.I remember____ this used to be a quiet village.A. whenB. howC. whereD. what10.Can you make sure ______ the gold ring?A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put高一11.Can you tell me _____the railway station?A. how I can get toB. how can I get toC. where I can get toD. where canI get to连接词高三1.We haven't settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that高一2.Ask her_____ come with me.A if she willB if will sheC whether will sheD will she（2）主语从句连接代词高三1._____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which2._____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As3._____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which4.It is none of your business ______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.It句型A. howB. whatC. whichD. w hen5. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. As6.____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. Where7.____makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever8.After Yang Li wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desireto do is walk in space.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how9.____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90%of the students had beenadmitted to key universities.A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because10.It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in andout the atmosphere today. It句型A. thatB. whenC. whatD. how11.I read a bout it in some book or other, does it matter_______it was?A．where B．what C．how D．which高二12.____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. WhatB. ThatC. The factD. The matter高一13._______ you have done might do harm to other people.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhichD. This14.______ he said is true.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. Whether连接词高二1____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That（3）表语从句连接副词高三1.-I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-T hat’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what2.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. howC. whenD. why3.Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how高二5.－Idrove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. －Is that ＿＿ you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where6.Go and get your coat. It's _____ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there连接代词1.See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning. 连接A. whenB. whichC. whereD. What2.Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ poorly equipped. 连接A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that3.—Are you still thinking about yesterday's game？—Oh，that's_____ ．A．what makes me feel excited B．whatever I feel excited aboutC．how I feel about it D．when I feel exci ted（4）同位语从句高三1.A warm thought suddenly came to me ______I might use the pocket money to buysome flowers for my mother’s birthday．A．if B．when C．that D．which2.--- It's thirty years since we lest met.--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when3.There is much chance _____Bill will recover from his injury in time for therace.A. thatB. whichC. untilD. if4.Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class ____he had to meethis uncle at the air port.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because5.Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this comingChristmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether6.A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that beingsurrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that7.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ roadconditions need ___.A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improvingD. when; improving8.There's a feeling in me ____ we'll never know what a UFO is ---not ever. (2002上海)A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. whatrmation has been put forward ___ more middle school graduates will beadmitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as10.News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where 11. — Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport ?— No problemA. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what12. We should consider the students’ reques t ___the school library provide more books on popular science.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where13. The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming war mer and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though14.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any id ea the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where15.Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?A．that B．what C．as D．which高一16.They have no idea at all ______ .A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place has he goneD. where has he gone（5）wh-ever引导的名词性从句高三1.-- How about camping this weekend, just for a change?-- OK, __ you want.（2010浙江）A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever2.______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who3.____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter which C Whatever D. whichever4.The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help h e can get.A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever5.Eat _______ cake you like and leave the others for _______ comes in late.A. any; whoB. every; whoeverC. whichever; whoeverD. eit her; whoever6.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whichever高二7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever8. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever9.Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales please?A. whoB. whatC. whoeverD. whatever10．The how-to book can be of help to _______ wants to do the job.A．who B．whomever C．no matter who D．whoever（6）that 用法高三1.Having checked the doors were closed , and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where2.The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．A．that B．all that C．all what D．which3.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that4.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____he was a man of action.A. whichB. that C .what D. whether5.____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because6.＿＿ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which三、易错题1.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a mo re active life.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what2. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.名词性从句A. whoB. whereC. whatD. how3.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. howC. whenD. why4.______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who5.You can only be sure of ____you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that6.Having checked the doors were closed , and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where7.Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why8.The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．A．that B．all that C．all what D．which9.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that10.____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter which C Whatever D. whichever11.Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ poorly equipped.A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that12.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether13.The old lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when; howB. how; whenC. how; howD. why; why14.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children's future.A. thatB. howC. suchD. so15.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how16.＿＿ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which17.____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That18.No one can be sure _____ in a million years.A.what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like19.We should consider the students’ request ___the school library provide more books on popular science. (重庆)A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where答案1、宾语从句ACBB D CACAB ABCDA ACCCA CBBCA ACACD A BDDA AA CBACA2、主语从句BCABC BABBC BABAC3、表语从句A CABA BDAA4、同位语从句CBABB DAABC BACCA A5、wh-ever引导的名词性从句C CDCC ABCCD6、that用法BBDBB B易错题AC CCB BABDD ABCBB BCAA。

(完整word版)2014年高考江苏省英语真题(详细答案及解析)

2014年高考江苏省英语卷（答案及解析）——-—-易题库教研团队题目：Lessons can be learned to face the future， ________ history cannot be changed。

选项：A．thoughB．asC．sinceD．unless答案：A解析过程：句意:尽管我们不能改变历史，但是我们可以从历史中学到教训从而更好的面对未来.根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。

故选项A正确。

考点定位:考查连词——-—————-—题目：The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication， especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.选项：A．whichB．whenC．asD．where答案：D解析过程：句意:在日常交流中这本书帮助了我很多,尤其是在我的工作之中，因为在工作中,良好的印象很重要。

通过分析句子成分可知本题考查定语从句，先行词是work。

因为后面的定语从句a good impression is a must 的句子结构很完整,所以使用关系副词在句中做状语，同时也引导起这个定语从句.AC两项都是关系代词在句中不能做状语，when的先行词通常都是指时间的名词。

故选项D正确.考点定位：考查定语从句————-—-———题目：—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing？-Well， the media ________ it in a variety of forms。

选项:A．coverB．will coverC．have coveredD．covered答案：C解析过程：句意：—你对即将在南京举行的青年奥运会了解多少？—了解的不少，媒体已经以多种形式对青年奥运会举进行了报道。

【4年高考】江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编：议论文阅读

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编交际用语

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编交际用语35.（2014江苏）—________ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.—Don’t look at me.A. Dear meB. Hi, thereC. Thank goodnessD. Come on【答案】A24.(2012江苏) ---Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.---_______! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. CongratulationsC. How surprisingD. I'm so sorry24. 【考点】交际用语—安慰【答案】A【解析】句意为：——妈妈，别担心。

医生说只是流感。

——我可以松口气了。

我要告诉爸爸没有什么严重的。

A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。

B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。

根据句意，应选A项。

【难度】一般33. (2012江苏)— Honey, the cats stuck in the tree. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder…?—Oh, it jumped off. ___ .A. Never mindB. All rightC. No problemD. Take care33. 【考点】交际用语—安慰【答案】A【解析】A项意为“别介意，别放在心上”，。

B项意为“好吧”；C项意为“没问题”；D项意为“当心”。

句意为：亲爱的，那只猫被困在树上。

你可以关电视，拿梯子……？——哦，它会跳下来。

别放在心上。

根据上面是在担心，故后面是安慰，故选A项。

【难度】一般29.(2011江苏)—Linda didn´t invite us to the party.—I don´t care.A.For whatB.So whatC.What´s onD.What´s up答案B 解析：考查情景交际。

2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：名词性从句 Word版含解析

2014全国高考汇编之名词性从句一（2014北京卷）30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why【考点】考察名词性从句【答案】B【解析】本题属于名词性从句中的表语从句。

句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得分的时候。

Where表示地点，how表示方式，why结果；只有when表示的是时间。

故B 正确。

【试题延伸】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。

说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。

通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。

连接表语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。

that引导表示陈述句的表语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。

连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。

连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。

连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.【举一反三】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。

【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。

名词性高考英语名词性从句真题汇编

高考名词性从句真题汇编2024年高考真题1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.2023年高考真题1.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.往年高考真题1.（2022新高考II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________ to thank him.”2.（2022浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak __________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.3.（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. __________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.4.（2021北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about __________she lived.5.（2021天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.6.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible.7.（2020浙江卷）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on __________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.8.（2020天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true ________Professor Joseph had said.9.（2020江苏卷）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.10.(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have obtained more evidence _______ plastic is finding its way into the human body.11.(2019·新课标I卷)While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.参考答案：1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。

江苏省高考英语真题汇编名词性从句(1)

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编名词性从句26. （2014江苏）—What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.A. howB. whatC. thatD. who【答案】B27. (2012江苏)The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how27. 【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句【答案】B【解析】句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。

空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。

【举一反三】同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

1.同位语从句的功能同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。

如：The king’s decision th at the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.国王作出的这名囚犯释放的决定让人们大吃一惊。

2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。

如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.他从玛丽那里得知运动会要延期举行。

3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。

2014年高考英语语法专项训练--名词性从句

名词性从句一、知识储备He asked m二、考点及考查频率1．宾语从句：①连接代词 (32/101 )②连接副词(11/101 ) ③连接词(2/101)2. 主语从句：①连接代词(14/101) ②连接词(1/101)3. 表语从句：①连接副词(6/101) ②连接代词 (3/101)4. 同位语从句：(16/101)5.wh-ever引导的名词性从句：(10/101)6.that用法(6/101)（1）宾语从句连接代词高三1.How much one enjoys hi mself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．A．what B．who C．how D．why2. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.名词性从句A. whoB. whereC. whatD. how3.Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.名词性从句A. whyB. whatC.howD. which4. As a new gr aduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here.A. howB. whatC. WhenD. which5. Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life' s most important decision -- marriage -- almost entirely up to luck.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what6.2.The companies are working together to create _____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who7.When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.A. whatB. whyC. whomD. which8.People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how9.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ____ their parents speak at home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. one10.You can only be sure of ____you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that11.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______you want to use it for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether12.By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read．A．that B．what C．which D．whether13.--- Could you do me a favour?--- It depends on ______ it is.A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever14.–What did your parents think about your decision?–They always let me do _____ I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what15.He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ____ his teammates had done.A. whatB. whichC. whyD. while16.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which17.The way he did it was different _______ we were used to .A．in which B．in what C．from what D．from which18.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which19.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ___ I thought was a dangerous speed.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that20.A modern city has been set up in ＿＿＿was a wasteland ten years ago .A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where21.I think Father would like to know ____ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how22.After Yang Li wei succeeded in circli ng the earth, _______ our astronauts desireto do is walk in space.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how23.People have heard what the President has said；they are waiting to see _____ hewill do．A．how B．what C．when D．that24.—I think it’s going to be a big problem. —Yes, it could be.—I wonder ＿＿ we can do about it.A. ifB. howC. whatD. that25.When you answer questions in a job interview. Please remember the golden rule;Always give the monkey exactly ＿＿ he wants.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. that26.The mother didn't know _____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened whileshe was out.A. whoB. whenC. howD. what27.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ____.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do whatwith it28.Perseverance is a kind of quality--- and that's ____ it takes to do anything well.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why29.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.A. howB. afterC. whatD. when30.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before.A．That B．how C．Where D．what高二31.No one can be sure _____ in a million years.A.what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look likewhat D. what look will man like高一32.These photographs will show you ______.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. h ow does our village look likeD. how our village looks like连接副词高三1.We haven’t dicussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture.名词性从句A．that B．which C．what D．where2.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew shewas so angry.名词性从句A. w hereB. whetherC. thatD. why3. —It’s no use having ideas only.—Don’t worry. Peter can sh ow you to turn an idea into an act.名词性从句A. howB. whoC. whatD. where4.— I wonder ________ you’ll water this kind of flower .—Every other day.A. how oftenB. how longC. how soonD. how much5.Mary wrote an article on _______the team had failed to win the game .A．why B．what C．who D．that6.The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when ; howB. how ; whenC. how ; howD. why ; why7.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children's future.A. thatB. howC. suchD. so高二8.—Do you remember ______ he came?—Yes, I do, he came by car.A. howB. whenC. thatD. if9.I remember____ this used to be a quiet village.A. whenB. howC. whereD. what10.Can you make sure ______ the gold ring?A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.wherehas Alice put高一11.Can you tell me _____the railway station?A. how I can get toB. how can I get toC. where I can get toD. where canI get to连接词高三1.We haven't settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that高一2.Ask her_____ come with me.A if she willB if will sheC whether will sheD will she（2）主语从句连接代词高三1._____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place inBeijing.A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which2._____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As3._____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which4.It is none of your business ______ other people think about you. Believeyourself. It句型A. howB. whatC. whichD. wh en5. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. As6.____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. Where7.____makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. Whoever8.After Yang Li wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronautsdesire to do is walk in space.A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how9.____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90%of the students had beenadmitted to key universities.A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because10.It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in andout the atmosphere today. It句型A. thatB. whenC. whatD. how11.I read a bout it in some book or other, does it matter_______it was?A．where B．what C．how D．which高二12.____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. WhatB. ThatC. The factD. The matter高一13._______ you have done might do harm to other people.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhichD. This14.______ he said is true.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. Whether连接词高二1____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That（3）表语从句连接副词高三1.-I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-Tha t’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what2.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. howC. whenD. why3.Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how高二5.－Idrove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. －Is that ＿＿ you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where6.Go and get your coat. It's _____ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there连接代词1.See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning. 连接A. whenB. whichC. whereD. What2.Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ poorly equipped. 连接A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that3.—Are you still thinking about yesterday's game？—Oh，that's_____ ．A．what makes me feel excited B．whatever I feel excited aboutC．how I feel about it D．when I feel excit ed（4）同位语从句高三1.A warm thought suddenly came to me ______I might use the pocket money to buysome flowers for my mother’s birthday．A．if B．when C．that D．which2.--- It's thirty years since we lest met.--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____we got lost on a rainy night.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when3.There is much chance _____Bill will recover from his injury in time for therace.A. thatB. whichC. untilD. if4.Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class ____he had to meethis uncle at the air port.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because5.Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this comingChristmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether6.A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that beingsurrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that7.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____ roadconditions need ___.A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improvingD. when; improving8.There's a feeling in me ____ we'll never know what a UFO is ---not ever. (2002上海)A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. whatrmation has been put forward ___ more middle school graduates will beadmitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as10.News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where 11. — Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport ?— No problemA. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what12. We should consider the students’ request ___the school library provide more books on popular science.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where13. The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming warm er and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though14.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any id ea the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where15.Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?A．that B．what C．as D．which高一16.They have no idea at all ______ .A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place has he goneD. where has he gone（5）wh-ever引导的名词性从句高三1.-- How about camping this weekend, just for a change?-- OK, __ you want.（2010浙江）A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever2.______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who3.____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter which C Whatever D. whichever4.The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help he can get.A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever5.Eat _______ cake you like and leave the others for _______ comes in late.A. any; whoB. every; whoeverC. whichever; whoeverD. either; whoever6.These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whichever高二7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever8. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever9.Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales please?A. whoB. whatC. whoeverD. whatever10．The how-to book can be of help to _______ wants to do the job.A．who B．whomever C．no matter who D．whoever（6）that 用法高三1.Having checked the doors were closed , and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where2.The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．A．that B．all that C．all what D．which3.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that4.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____he was a man of action.A. whichB. that C .what D. whether5.____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90%o f the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because6.＿＿ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which三、易错题1.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-That’s_______I don’t agree .You should have a mo re active life.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what2. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.名词性从句A. whoB. whereC. whatD. how3.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.A. whereB. howC. whenD. why4.______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who5.You can only be sure of ____you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ___ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that6.Having checked the doors were closed , and ______ all the lights w ere off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. where7.Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why8.The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．A．that B．all that C．all what D．which9.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that10.____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter which C Whatever D. whichever11.Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ poorly equipped.A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that12.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether13.The old lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and _____, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when; howB. how; whenC. how; howD. why; why14.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children's future.A. thatB. howC. suchD. so15.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how16.＿＿ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differencesfrom one aspect.A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which17.____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That18.No one can be sure _____ in a million years.A.what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look likewhat D. what look will man like19.We should consider t he students’ request ___the school library provide more books on popular science. (重庆)A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where答案1、宾语从句ACBB D CACAB ABCDA ACCCA CBBCA ACACD A BDDA AA CBACA2、主语从句BCABC BABBC BABAC3、表语从句A CABA BDAA4、同位语从句CBABB DAABC BACCA A5、wh-ever引导的名词性从句C CDCC ABCCD6、that用法BBDBB B易错题AC CCB BABDD ABCBB BCAA。

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编主谓一致和时态

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编主谓一致和时态21. （2013江苏）Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations fromothers ______ essential to their development.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】A25.（2013江苏）—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?—Sure. I ______ a report at home.A. will be writingB. will have writtenC. have writtenD. have been writing【答案】A34.（2013江苏）—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride.A. hadB. haveC. would haveD. have had【答案】A32. (2012江苏)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he________ some European partners.A. would meetB. is meetingC. meetsD. had met32. 【考点】动词的时态和语态—过去完成时【答案】D【解析】根据句中“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而会面的动作则在arrive的动作之前发生的，即在过去的过去发生的动作，所以用过去完成时，故选D项。

【易错点拨】本题时态选择的关键是根据“is said to have arrived”可知，这一动作发生在过去，因此“会面”这个动作是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时。

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编日常生活类短文阅读

s江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编日常生活类阅读(2012江苏)CMedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?A. Temperature change.B. NIR light.C. Acidity change.D. UV light.64. Why in ONB unsatisfactory?A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.C. It has not come onto the market up till now.D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?A. ProtectedB. formedC. exposedD. combined【考点】日常生活类—说明文【文章大意】。

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编其他类单项选择

〔4年高考〕江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编其他类单项选择江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编副词32. 〔2014江苏〕I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.A. alsoB. justC. neverthelessD. otherwise【答案】D江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编被动语态31.〔2013江苏〕 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins, the city took on a new look.A. reducingB. reducedC. being reducedD. having reduced【答案】C江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编倒装27.〔2013江苏〕“Never for a second,〞the boy says, “______ that my father would come to my rescue.〞A. I doubtedB. do I doubtC. I have doubtedD. did I doubt【答案】D江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编反义问句25. (2012江苏)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?A. is thereB. isn't thereC. is heD. isn't he25. 【考点】特殊句式—反义问句【答案】A【解析】根据前面there be 句里含有否认意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述局部的主谓保持一致，应当选A项。

【举一反三】陈述局部如含有〞never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…〞等否认词或半否认词时，这局部应视为否认形式，简短问句就用肯定形式。

(4年高考)江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编议论文阅读

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编议论文阅读（2014江苏）BHowever wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.”People want theircash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.”The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this pass age you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spen t doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, clo sely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.【小题1】According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost”is applied to ________.A. making more moneyB. taking more opportunitiesC. reducing missed opportunitiesD. weighing the choice of opportunities【小题2】The “leftover ... time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time ________.A. spared for watching the match at homeB. taken to have dinner with friendsC. spent on the way to and from the matchD. saved from not going to watch the m atch【小题3】What are forgone opportunities?A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making.B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.C. Opportunities you miss accidentally.D. Opportunities you make up for.【答案】58. D 59. C 60. B（2013江苏）BWe’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票贩子), or purchasing line-cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served, have an egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors’ offices, and nat ional parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.58. According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come, first served”?A. Taking buses.B. Buying houses.C. Flying with an airline.D. Visiting amusement parks.59. The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates ______.A. the necessity of patience in queuingB. the advantage of modern technologyC. the uncertainty of allocation principleD. the fairness of telephonic services60. The passage is meant to ______.A. justify paying for faster servicesB. discuss the morals of allocating thingsC. analyze the reason for standing in lineD. criticize the behavior of queue jumping58. A 59. C 60. B（2013江苏）DMark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums (贫民窟).” More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it.) But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as achallenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example— were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.Twain’s r acial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.Was Twain a racist? Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.65. H ow do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s?A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.B. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.66. Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its ______.A. target readers at the bottomB. anti-slavery attitudeC. rather impolite languageD. frequent use of “nigger”67. What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author?A. J im’s search for his family was described in detail.B. The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.C. Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.D. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.68. The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ______.A. slaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersB. slaves’ babies could pick up slave-holders’ way of speakingC. blacks’ social position was shaped by how they were brought upD. blacks were born with certain features of prejudice69. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to?A. The attacks.B. Slavery and prejudice.C. White men.D. The shows.70. What does the author mainly argue for?A. Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.B. Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.C. Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.D. Twain’s works should be read from a historical point of view.65. B 66. D 67. B68. C 69. D 70. A。

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江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编
名词
27. （2014江苏）She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election.
A. symbol
B. portrait
C. identity
D. statue
【答案】A
21. (2012江苏)— Can I help you with it?
— I appreciate your_______ , but I can manage it myself.
A. advice
B. question
C. offer
D. idea
21. 【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你的提议“offer”，但我自己能设法做的。

offer意为“提议”，符合题意。

A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，主意”。

【难度】一般
27.(2011江苏)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional
A.consequence
B.independence
petence
D.intelligence
答案C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。

consequence是“结果，后果”;independence是“独立，自主”;competence
是“能力，竞争力”;intelligence是“智力，理解力”。

根据句意，应该是“老师们必须不断
更新知识，保持他们的职业竞争力。

”
1。